CN219239785U - Electrolysis cell structure of PEM (PEM) electrolytic tank - Google Patents
Electrolysis cell structure of PEM (PEM) electrolytic tank Download PDFInfo
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- CN219239785U CN219239785U CN202222581363.1U CN202222581363U CN219239785U CN 219239785 U CN219239785 U CN 219239785U CN 202222581363 U CN202222581363 U CN 202222581363U CN 219239785 U CN219239785 U CN 219239785U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
Abstract
The utility model discloses an electrolysis cell structure of a PEM (proton exchange membrane) electrolysis cell, which comprises a bipolar plate, an anode assembly, a pole frame structure and a cathode assembly; the middle part of the electrode frame structure is formed into a hollow area, the cross section size of the electrode frame structure is matched with that of the bipolar plate, and the hollow area is matched with that of the mass transfer area of the bipolar plate; the edge area of the bipolar plate is provided with a bipolar plate main runner which is used for leading reactants and products in and out; the electrode frame structure is provided with an electrode frame main runner which is communicated with the mass transfer area of the bipolar plate through a branch channel so as to transfer reactants into the mass transfer area. The electrolytic cell structure of the utility model combines the characteristics of the conventional two electrolytic cell structures, combines the advantages of the two conventional structures, and enables the voltage of the electrolytic cell to be lower under the same current density.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of electrolytic tanks, in particular to an electrolytic cell structure of a PEM electrolytic tank.
Background
The PEM electrolyzer is composed of several cells in series, the total voltage of the electrolyzer being the set of voltages of the cells. The structure of the electrolysis cell is used as a place where electrochemical reaction occurs, the mass transfer process in the cell is influenced, and the cell voltage is influenced, so that the influence is particularly remarkable when the current density is high, and therefore, how to design a reasonable structure of the electrolysis cell to strengthen the mass transfer process is particularly important under the development trend of the high current density of the current electrolysis cell.
The cells of conventional PEM electrolyzers are classified into flow-path type electrolyzers and flow-path free electrolyzers depending on whether the bipolar plates contain flow paths or not. However, there is no structure capable of integrating two types of electrolytic cells.
Accordingly, based on the above-mentioned technical problems, there is a need for developing a new cell structure for PEM electrolysers.
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the present utility model is to provide a PEM electrolyzer cell structure combining the structural features of both cells with lower cell voltage at the same current density.
In order to achieve the above object, the present utility model provides the following technical solutions:
the utility model relates to an electrolysis cell structure of a PEM (PEM) electrolysis cell, which comprises:
a bipolar plate, an outer ring of the bipolar plate configured as an edge region, an inner ring of the bipolar plate configured as a mass transfer region located inside the edge region;
an anode assembly;
a pole frame structure; and
a cathode assembly;
the middle part of the pole frame structure is formed into a hollow area, the cross section size of the pole frame structure is matched with that of the bipolar plate, and the hollow area is matched with that of the mass transfer area of the bipolar plate;
the edge area of the bipolar plate is provided with a bipolar plate main runner which is used for leading reactants and products in and out;
the electrode frame structure is provided with an electrode frame main runner which is communicated with the mass transfer area of the bipolar plate through a branch channel so as to transfer reactants into the mass transfer area.
Further, the edge area of the bipolar plate is of an annular structure;
the mass transfer area of the bipolar plate is divided into:
a transition region proximate to the edge region, and a uniform region located inboard of the transition region;
the uniform region is provided with protrusions protruding from the surface of the bipolar plate, and channels between adjacent protrusions form flow channels;
the runner is communicated with the transition area;
the thickness of the edge area and the transition area of the bipolar plate is H 1 And said H 1 ＝0.1mm～1.0mm；
The height of the protrusion is H 2 And said H 2 ＝0.5mm～1.5mm。
Further, the bipolar plate is composed of a titanium plate, and the surface of the bipolar plate is provided with a coating.
Further, the anode assembly includes:
an anode three-dimensional mesh and an anode diffusion layer;
the anode three-dimensional net is made of titanium, and the surface of the anode three-dimensional net is provided with a coating;
the cross-sectional dimension of the anode three-dimensional net is matched with the mass transfer area of the bipolar plate, and the thickness of the anode three-dimensional net is H 4 And said H 4 ＝0.4mm～1.0mm；
The anode diffusion layer is made of titanium fiber felt, and the surface of the anode diffusion layer is provided with a coating;
the cross-sectional dimension of the anode diffusion layer is matched with the mass transfer area of the bipolar plate, and the thickness of the anode diffusion layer is H 5 And said H 5 ＝0.2mm～0.5mm；
The porosity of the anode diffusion layer is 40% -70%.
Further, the pole frame structure includes:
a first pole frame and a second pole frame;
the first pole frame and the second pole frame are made of engineering plastics;
the electrode frame main flow channels of the first electrode frame and the second electrode frame are arranged in a central symmetry mode, and reactants are guided into the hollow area of the electrode frame through the branch channels by the electrode frame main flow channels;
the thicknesses of the first pole frame and the second pole frame are H 6 And H is 6 ＝1.5mm～2.5mm。
Further, sealing gaskets are arranged on one side of the first pole frame and one side of the second pole frame;
the cross-sectional dimension of the sealing gasket is matched with the edge area of the bipolar plate, and the thickness of the sealing gasket is H 3 And H is 3 ＝0.1mm～0.2mm。
Further, the h6=h2+h4+h5-H3.
Further, the cathode assembly includes:
a cathode three-dimensional mesh and a cathode diffusion layer;
the cathode three-dimensional net is made of a metal net, the thickness of the cathode three-dimensional net is H8, and H8 = 0.5 mm-1.5 mm;
the cathode diffusion layer is made of metal felt, the thickness of the cathode diffusion layer is H7, H7 = 0.1 mm-0.8 mm, and the porosity of the cathode diffusion layer is 40% -70%;
H6＝H2+H7+H8-H3。
further, a membrane electrode is arranged between the two electrode frames;
one side of the membrane electrode, which is close to the anode component, is a membrane electrode anode side, and the membrane electrode anode side is an iridium-based catalyst;
one side of the membrane electrode, which is close to the cathode assembly, is a membrane electrode cathode side, and the membrane electrode cathode side is a platinum-based catalyst;
the cross-sectional dimensions of the iridium-based catalyst region of the membrane electrode, and the platinum-based catalyst region, match the mass transfer region of the bipolar plate.
In the technical scheme, the electrolytic cell structure of the PEM electrolytic cell provided by the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
the electrolytic cell structure combines the characteristics of two conventional electrolytic cell structures, utilizes the polar frame as a diversion channel of reactants, utilizes the branch channel to transfer the reactants to the mass transfer area of the bipolar plate, and simultaneously, the bipolar plate is also provided with a bipolar plate main runner capable of leading in and out the reactants and the products.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present utility model, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings for a person having ordinary skill in the art.
FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a PEM electrolyzer cell structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a bipolar plate of a PEM electrolyzer cell structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a bipolar plate of a PEM electrolyzer cell structure in accordance with an embodiment of the present utility model.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. a bipolar plate; 2. a sealing gasket;
101. an edge region; 102. a transition region; 103. a uniform region; 104. a protrusion; 105. a bipolar plate primary flow channel;
301. an anode three-dimensional net; 302. an anode diffusion layer;
401. a first pole frame; 402. a second electrode frame; 403. a main flow passage of the polar frame; 404. a branch channel; 405. a hollow region;
5. a membrane electrode;
601. a cathode three-dimensional net; 602. and a cathode diffusion layer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical scheme of the present utility model better understood by those skilled in the art, the present utility model will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
See fig. 1-3;
a PEM electrolyzer cell structure of the present embodiment comprising:
the bipolar plate 1, the outer ring of the bipolar plate 1 being configured as an edge region 101, the inner ring of the bipolar plate 1 being configured as a mass transfer region located inside the edge region;
an anode assembly;
a pole frame structure; and
a cathode assembly;
the middle part of the electrode frame structure is formed into a hollow area 405, the cross section size of the electrode frame structure is matched with that of the bipolar plate 1, and the hollow area 405 is matched with that of the mass transfer area of the bipolar plate 1;
the edge region 101 of the bipolar plate 1 has a bipolar plate primary flow channel 105, the bipolar plate primary flow channel 105 being used for ingress and egress of reactants and products;
the electrode frame structure has an electrode frame main flow channel 403, and the electrode frame main flow channel 403 communicates with the mass transfer region of the bipolar plate 1 through a branch channel 404 to transfer the reactant into the mass transfer region.
Wherein, the edge area 101 of the bipolar plate 1 of the embodiment is in a ring structure;
the mass transfer region of the bipolar plate 1 is divided into:
a transition region 102 adjacent to the edge region 101, and a uniform region 103 inside the transition region 102;
the uniform region 103 has protrusions 104 protruding from the surface of the bipolar plate 1, and channels between adjacent protrusions 104 are formed as flow channels;
the flow passage communicates with the transition region 102;
the thickness of the edge region 101 and the transition region 102 of the bipolar plate 1 is H 1 And H is 1 ＝0.1mm～1.0mm；
The height of the protrusion 104 is H 2 And H is 2 ＝0.5mm～1.5mm。
Firstly, the electrolytic cell structure disclosed in the embodiment mainly comprises a bipolar plate 1, a pole frame structure, an anode component and a cathode component; wherein, the bipolar plate 1 is divided into an edge area 101 and a mass transfer area, the edge area 101 of the bipolar plate 1 is provided with a bipolar plate main runner 105, and the bipolar plate main runner 105 is used for the passage of reactants and products. The uniform region 103 of the mass transfer region of the present embodiment has a plurality of projections 104, and the spaces between adjacent projections 104 are flow channels, while both sides of the bipolar plate 1 of the present embodiment are formed as the uniform region 103.
Preferably, the bipolar plate 1 of the present embodiment is composed of a titanium plate, and the surface of the bipolar plate 1 has a coating. The coating on the surface of the bipolar plate 1 adopts a corrosion-resistant and oxidation-resistant coating.
Preferably, the anode assembly of the present embodiment includes:
an anode three-dimensional mesh 301 and an anode diffusion layer 302;
the anode three-dimensional net 301 is made of titanium, and the surface of the anode three-dimensional net 301 is provided with a coating; the coating on the surface of the anode three-dimensional net 301 adopts a corrosion-resistant and oxidation-resistant coating.
The cross-sectional dimensions of the anode three-dimensional mesh 301 are matched with the mass transfer area of the bipolar plate 1, and the thickness of the anode three-dimensional mesh 301 is H 4 And H is 4 ＝0.4mm～1.0mm；
The anode diffusion layer 302 is made of titanium fiber felt, and the surface of the anode diffusion layer 302 is provided with a coating;
the cross-sectional dimensions of the anode diffusion layer 302 match the mass transfer area of the bipolar plate 1, the thickness of the anode diffusion layer 302Is H 5 And H is 5 ＝0.2mm～0.5mm；
The anode diffusion layer 302 has a porosity of 40% to 70%.
Preferably, the pole frame structure of the present embodiment includes:
a first pole frame 401 and a second pole frame 402;
the materials of the first pole frame 401 and the second pole frame 402 are engineering plastics, and the pole frame of the embodiment is preferably made of high temperature resistant and oxidation resistant engineering plastics, such as polysulfone, polytetrafluoroethylene and the like; the central symmetrical main flow channels 403 of the electrode frame are respectively used for transmitting water and hydrogen, and the reactants are guided to the hollow area 4405 of the electrode frame through the branch channels 404 communicated with the main flow channels 403 of the electrode frame, and the interfaces of the branch channels 404 of the embodiment are communicated with the structure of the mass transfer area of the bipolar plate 1.
The main frame flow channels 403 of the first and second frames 401 and 402 are arranged in central symmetry, and the main frame flow channels 403 guide reactants into the hollow region 405 of the frame through the branch channels 404;
the thicknesses of the first pole frame 401 and the second pole frame 402 are H 6 And H is 6 ＝1.5mm～2.5mm。
Wherein, the sealing gasket 2 is arranged on one side of the first pole frame 401 and one side of the second pole frame 402;
the cross-sectional dimensions of the gasket 2 match the edge regions 101 of the bipolar plate 1, the gasket 2 having a thickness H 3 And H is 3 ＝0.1mm～0.2mm。
In addition, the gasket 2 of the present embodiment is composed of a material resistant to high temperature and oxidation, such as polytetrafluoroethylene.
Preferably, it is: in the above dimensional requirements, h6=h2+h4+h5-H3.
Preferably, the cathode assembly of the present embodiment includes:
a cathode three-dimensional mesh 601 and a cathode diffusion layer 602;
the cathode three-dimensional net 601 is made of a metal net, preferably a stainless steel net, and the thickness of the cathode three-dimensional net 601 is H8, wherein H8 = 0.5 mm-1.5 mm;
the cathode diffusion layer 602 is made of a metal felt, namely a carbon felt, a stainless steel felt or other metal felts, the thickness of the cathode diffusion layer 602 is H7, H7 = 0.1 mm-0.8 mm, and the porosity of the cathode diffusion layer 602 is 40% -70%;
H6＝H2+H7+H8-H3。
a membrane electrode 5 is arranged between the two electrode frames;
the side of the membrane electrode 5, which is close to the anode component, is a membrane electrode anode side, and the membrane electrode anode side is an iridium-based catalyst;
one side of the membrane electrode 5 close to the cathode component is a membrane electrode cathode side, and the membrane electrode cathode side is a platinum-based catalyst;
the cross-sectional dimensions of the regions of the iridium-based catalyst and the platinum-based catalyst of the membrane electrode 5 are matched to the mass transfer regions of the bipolar plate.
Gradient mass transfer channels are formed in the vertical direction of the membrane electrode, and the channels are sequentially felt, net and bipolar plate channels according to the gradual increase of the distance from the membrane electrode, namely the channels are more and more orderly, so that reactant water is uniformly distributed on the surface of the membrane electrode and the generated gas is discharged. Compared with an electrolysis cell without a flow channel structure, the structure of the electrolysis cell is more beneficial to uniformly distributing reactant water to the surface of the membrane electrode; the structure of the present utility model is more advantageous in the discharge of the generated gas than the electrolytic cell having the flow path structure, and thus the electrolytic cell voltage is lower at the same current density. At a current density of 2A/cm2, the cell voltage of the present utility model was about 1.80V, the cell voltage of the flow path structure was about 1.90V, and the cell voltage of the flow path-free cell was about 1.95V, which were reduced by 100mV and 150mV, respectively.
In the technical scheme, the electrolytic cell structure of the PEM electrolytic cell provided by the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
the electrolytic cell structure of the utility model combines the characteristics of the conventional two electrolytic cell structures, utilizes a polar frame as a flow guide channel of reactants and utilizes a branch channel 404 to transfer the reactants to a mass transfer area of the bipolar plate 1, and meanwhile, the bipolar plate 1 is also provided with a bipolar plate main runner 403 capable of leading in and out the reactants and products.
While certain exemplary embodiments of the present utility model have been described above by way of illustration only, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that modifications may be made to the described embodiments in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not as restrictive of the scope of the utility model, which is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A PEM electrolyzer cell structure characterized in that the cell structure comprises:
-a bipolar plate (1), the outer ring of the bipolar plate (1) being configured as an edge region (101), the inner ring of the bipolar plate (1) being configured as a mass transfer region located inside the edge region (101);
an anode assembly;
a pole frame structure; and
a cathode assembly;
the middle part of the pole frame structure is formed into a hollow area (405), the cross-sectional dimension of the pole frame structure is matched with that of the bipolar plate (1), and the hollow area (405) is matched with the mass transfer area of the bipolar plate (1);
the edge region (101) of the bipolar plate (1) is provided with a bipolar plate main runner (105), and the bipolar plate main runner (105) is used for leading in and out reactants and products;
the electrode frame structure is provided with an electrode frame main runner (403), and the electrode frame main runner (403) is communicated with the mass transfer area of the bipolar plate (1) through a branch channel (404) so as to transfer reactants into the mass transfer area;
the edge area (101) of the bipolar plate (1) is of an annular structure;
the mass transfer area of the bipolar plate (1) is divided into:
a transition region (102) adjacent to the edge region (101), and a uniform region (103) inside the transition region (102);
the uniform region (103) has protrusions (104) protruding from the surface of the bipolar plate (1), and channels between adjacent protrusions (104) are formed as flow channels;
the flow passage communicates with the transition region (102).
2. A PEM electrolyser cell structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of both the edge region (101) and the transition region (102) of the bipolar plate (1) is H 1 And said H 1 ＝0.1mm～1.0mm；
The height of the protrusion (104) is H 2 And said H 2 ＝0.5mm～1.5mm。
3. A PEM electrolyser electrolysis cell structure according to claim 2, wherein the bipolar plates (1) consist of titanium plates and the surfaces of the bipolar plates (1) are coated.
4. A PEM electrolyzer cell structure in accordance with claim 2, wherein said anode assembly comprises:
an anode three-dimensional mesh (301) and an anode diffusion layer (302);
the anode three-dimensional net (301) is made of titanium, and a coating is arranged on the surface of the anode three-dimensional net (301);
the cross-sectional dimensions of the anode three-dimensional mesh (301) are matched to the mass transfer area of the bipolar plate (1), and the thickness of the anode three-dimensional mesh (301) is H 4 And said H 4 ＝0.4mm～1.0mm；
The anode diffusion layer (302) is made of titanium fiber felt, and the surface of the anode diffusion layer (302) is provided with a coating;
the cross-sectional dimensions of the anode diffusion layer (302) are matched to the mass transfer area of the bipolar plate (1), and the thickness of the anode diffusion layer (302) is H 5 And said H 5 ＝0.2mm～0.5mm；
The anode diffusion layer (302) has a porosity of 40% to 70%.
5. A PEM electrolyzer cell structure according to claim 4 wherein said polar frame structure comprises:
a first pole frame (401) and a second pole frame (402);
the first pole frame (401) and the second pole frame (402) are made of engineering plastics;
the first electrode frame (401) and the electrode frame main flow channel (403) of the second electrode frame (402) are arranged in a central symmetry manner, and the electrode frame main flow channel (403) guides reactants into a hollow region (405) of the electrode frame through the branch channel (404);
the thicknesses of the first pole frame (401) and the second pole frame (402) are H 6 And H is 6 ＝1.5mm～2.5mm。
6. A PEM electrolyser cell structure according to claim 5, characterized in that said first polar frame (401) side and second polar frame (402) side are provided with gaskets (2);
the cross-sectional dimensions of the gasket (2) match the edge regions (101) of the bipolar plate (1), the gasket (2) having a thickness H 3 And H is 3 ＝0.1mm～0.2mm。
7. A PEM electrolyzer cell structure according to claim 6 characterized in that said h6=h2+h4+h5-H3.
8. A PEM electrolyzer cell structure in accordance with claim 7, wherein said cathode assembly comprises:
a cathode three-dimensional mesh (601) and a cathode diffusion layer (602);
the cathode three-dimensional net (601) is made of a metal net, the thickness of the cathode three-dimensional net (601) is H8, and H8 = 0.5 mm-1.5 mm;
the cathode diffusion layer (602) is made of metal felt, the thickness of the cathode diffusion layer (602) is H7, H7 = 0.1-0.8 mm, and the porosity of the cathode diffusion layer (602) is 40-70%;
H6＝H2+H7+H8-H3。
9. a PEM electrolyser cell structure according to claim 8, characterized in that there is a membrane electrode (5) between the two electrode frames;
one side of the membrane electrode (5) close to the anode component is a membrane electrode anode side, and the membrane electrode anode side is an iridium-based catalyst;
one side of the membrane electrode (5) close to the cathode component is a membrane electrode cathode side, and the membrane electrode cathode side is a platinum-based catalyst;
the cross-sectional dimensions of the iridium-based catalyst region and the platinum-based catalyst region of the membrane electrode (5) are matched to the mass transfer region of the bipolar plate.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222581363.1U CN219239785U (en) | 2022-09-28 | 2022-09-28 | Electrolysis cell structure of PEM (PEM) electrolytic tank |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202222581363.1U CN219239785U (en) | 2022-09-28 | 2022-09-28 | Electrolysis cell structure of PEM (PEM) electrolytic tank |
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| CN219239785U true CN219239785U (en) | 2023-06-23 |
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| CN202222581363.1U Active CN219239785U (en) | 2022-09-28 | 2022-09-28 | Electrolysis cell structure of PEM (PEM) electrolytic tank |
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