CN118000080A - Quick pollen collecting equipment in area is cultivated to pumpkin - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a rapid pollen collecting device for a pumpkin cultivation area, which comprises a handle, wherein the top end of the handle is fixedly connected with a fixed cover, when pumpkin pollen is collected through a device, the fixed cover is provided with a separation net, a brush, an impeller, a worm and a filter bag, the impeller is driven to rotate, meanwhile, the brush is driven to rotate through a positioning shaft, at the moment, male flowers are pressed on the left side of the separation net through traction wind, stamens of the male flowers further pass through a single-layer separation net, when the rotating brush brushes the stamens of the male flowers, pollen can be collected in the filter bag through the filter plate in a concentrated manner under the action of air flow, pollen of the male flowers is removed through the brush, and then collected in the filter bag in a concentrated manner, so that rapid pollination is conveniently performed on the pumpkin through a pollination device, further, the subsequent pollination efficiency can be improved, and the damage to the pistils in the pollination process can be avoided.

Description

A pollen rapid collection device for pumpkin cultivation areas

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of pumpkin cultivation, in particular to a device for quickly collecting pollen in a pumpkin cultivation area.

Background technique

Pumpkin is an annual creeping herb in the genus Cucurbitaceae, Cucurbitaceae; the stem often roots at the nodes, extending up to 2-5 meters, densely covered with short white bristles, the petiole is stout, 8-19 cm long, and covered with short bristles; the leaves are broadly ovate or ovate, slightly soft, with 5 angles or 5 shallow lobes, rarely obtuse, 12-25 cm long, 20-30 cm wide, the lateral lobes are smaller, the middle lobe is larger, triangular, densely covered with yellow-white bristles and hairs on the upper side, often with white spots, the leaf veins are raised, the midrib of each lobe often extends to the top, forming a small tip, the back is lighter in color, the hairs are more obvious, the edges have small and dense fine teeth, the apex is slightly obtuse, the tendrils are slightly stout, and like the petiole, they are covered with short bristles and hairs, 3-5-branched, monoecious, male flowers solitary The calyx tube is bell-shaped, 5-6 mm long, the lobes are linear, 1-1.5 cm long, covered with soft hairs, and the upper part is expanded into leaf-like; the corolla is yellow, bell-shaped, 8 cm long, 6 cm in diameter, 5-lobed, the edges of the lobes are curled, with wrinkles, and the apex is acute; the stamen filaments are glandular, 5-8 mm long, the anthers are close together, 15 mm long, the anther chamber is curved, and the female flowers are solitary; the ovary has 1 chamber, the style is short, the stigma is enlarged, and the top is 2-lobed. The fruit pedicel is thick, with ridges and grooves, 5-7 cm long, and the pedicel is expanded into a trumpet shape; the gourd has various shapes, depending on the variety, often with several longitudinal grooves on the outside or none, with many seeds, long ovate or oblong, grayish white, with thin edges, 10-15 mm long, and 7-10 mm wide.

In pumpkin cultivation areas, in order to ensure the quality and yield of pumpkins, pollen is usually collected manually and then artificially pollinated. When collecting pollen, male flowers are usually picked manually and collected in a centralized manner to achieve the purpose of collecting pollen. During pollination, the petals of the male flowers are manually removed, and then the stamens are gently applied to the stigma of the pistil. Although this pollen collection method can quickly obtain pollen, since the petals of the male flowers need to be manually removed and then the stamens are gently applied to the stigma of the pistil for pollination, this pollen collection method results in a low subsequent pollination efficiency and may damage the pistil during the pollination process. Therefore, in view of the above problems, a rapid pollen collection device for pumpkin cultivation areas is proposed.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the existing defects and effectively solve the problems in the background technology.

To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

A pollen rapid collection device for a pumpkin cultivation area comprises a handle, the top end of the handle is fixedly connected to a fixed cover, the bottom end of the inner side of the fixed cover is fixedly connected to a battery, the left end of the handle is fixedly connected to a control switch, the top end of the fixed cover contacts a fixed cover, the bottom end of the fixed cover is fixedly connected to a fixed plate, the top end of the inner side of the fixed plate is fixedly connected to a motor, the end of the main shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to a worm, and the worm is rotatably connected to the fixed plate, the outer side of the worm is meshingly connected to a worm wheel, the inner side of the worm wheel is fixedly connected to a fixed shaft, and the fixed shaft passes through the fixed plate, the fixed shaft is rotatably connected to the fixed plate, the right end of the fixed shaft is fixedly connected to an impeller, the inner left end of the fixed plate is rotatably connected to a positioning shaft passing through the fixed plate, the outer left end of the positioning shaft contacts a brush, and the left side of the brush contacts a partition net fixedly connected to the fixed cover.

As a further improvement of the present invention, a driving gear is fixedly connected to the left outer end of the fixed shaft, a driven gear is meshedly connected to the outer side of the driving gear, a connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the left end of the driven gear, and the connecting shaft is rotatably connected to the fixed plate, a small sprocket is fixedly connected to the outer side of the connecting shaft, a chain is meshedly connected to the outer side of the small sprocket, a large sprocket is meshedly connected to the bottom inner end of the chain, and the large sprocket is fixedly connected to the positioning shaft, and the driving gear is driven to mesh with the driven gear through the fixed shaft, and the driven gear further drives the small sprocket on the outer side of the connecting shaft to mesh with the chain. When the chain meshes with the large sprocket, it is convenient to control the positioning shaft to drive the brush on the left side to slowly rotate and brush away the male flower pollen during the process of controlling the rapid rotation of the impeller.

As a further improvement of the present invention, a first spring is fixedly connected to the left inner end of the positioning shaft, and a bracket is fixedly connected to the other end of the first spring, and the bracket passes through the positioning shaft. The bracket is slidably connected to the positioning shaft, and the bracket is engaged with the brush. When the brush is severely worn due to long-term use, the bracket can be pressed to compress the first spring, thereby further disengaging the bracket from the brush, making it convenient to remove the brush for replacement when it is severely worn.

As a further improvement of the present invention, a second spring is fixedly connected to the top end of the inner side of the fixed cover, a clamping block is fixedly connected to the other end of the second spring, and the clamping block is slidably connected to the fixed cover, and the clamping block is clamped and connected to the fixed cover. The clamping block is pushed to compress the second spring, and the clamping block is further disengaged from the fixed cover, which facilitates the removal of the fixed cover. Because the fixed cover is fixed to the fixed plate, it is convenient to take out the fixed plate with a brush and an impeller on both sides from the fixed cover.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the bottom inner end of the fixed cover is slidably connected to a T-bar that passes through the fixed cover, the top of the T-bar is fixedly connected to a pull rope that passes through the fixed cover, and the pull rope is slidably connected to the fixed cover, one end of the outer side of the pull rope is fixedly connected to a sliding rod, and the sliding rod is slidably connected to the fixed cover, the bottom end of the sliding rod at the top is fixedly connected to a blade, and the top end of the sliding rod at the bottom is provided with a cutting groove. After the male flower completes the pollen collection operation, the T-bar is pulled and the two sliding rods are further pulled closer to each other through the pull rope. When the sliding rod at the top drives the blade to contact the stem of the male flower, it is convenient to cut off the male flower after the pollen is collected.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the other end of the pull rope is fixedly connected to a fixed shaft, and the fixed shaft is rotatably connected to the fixed cover, and a clockwork spring is fixedly connected to the outer center of the fixed shaft, and the other end of the clockwork spring is fixedly connected to the fixed cover. Because the pull rope will continuously pull the fixed shaft to rotate and the clockwork spring will continuously shrink when the male flowers after pollen collection are cut off, after the male flowers after pollen collection are cut off, the pull on the T-bar is released, and then the elastic force of the clockwork spring on the fixed shaft is cooperated to further make the fixed shaft reel up the pull rope, which is convenient for automatically resetting the slide bar and the blade when the pull rope pulls the slide bar.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the right end of the fixed cover is connected to a fixed pipe, the outer side of the fixed pipe is spirally connected to a screw sleeve, and the right end of the screw sleeve is connected to a filter bag. After the brush removes the pollen of the male flowers, the impeller will pull the airflow into the device when it rotates, and then be discharged when it enters the filter bag through the fixed pipe. Therefore, the pollen continues to move under the traction of the airflow, further passes through the fixed pipe, and then enters the filter bag. When the pollen is filtered in the filter bag, it is convenient to collect the collected pollen in a centralized manner.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the right end of the fixed tube is in contact with a filter plate, and the filter plate is in close contact with the screw sleeve. Before the collected pollen is collected in the filter bag, the pollen first passes through the filter plate for filtering, which facilitates the removal of foreign matter in the collected pollen.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. A pollen rapid collection device for a pumpkin cultivation area, which is provided with a separation net, a brush, an impeller, a worm and a filter bag. When collecting pumpkin pollen through the device, the male flower of the pumpkin is firstly placed against the separation net, and then the motor is started to drive the worm to mesh with the worm wheel, and the impeller is further driven to rotate through the fixed shaft. Because at this time, the fixed shaft will also drive the driving gear to mesh with the driven gear, and the driven gear will drive the small sprocket to mesh with the chain through the connecting shaft. Therefore, when the chain is meshing with the large sprocket, the large sprocket will also drive the brush to rotate through the positioning shaft. At this time, the wind is pulled The male flowers are pressed on the left side of the partition net to further allow the stamens of the male flowers to pass through the single-layer partition net. When the rotating brush brushes the stamens of the male flowers, the pollen can pass through the filter plate under the action of the airflow and be concentratedly filtered and collected in the filter bag. By using the brush to brush off the pollen of the male flowers and then collecting it in the filter bag, it is convenient to quickly pollinate the pumpkin through the pollination equipment, thereby improving the subsequent pollination efficiency and avoiding damage to the pistil during the pollination process. Because the overall size of the device is small, the pollen collection operation is also more convenient.

2. A rapid pollen collection device for a pumpkin cultivation area. By means of a T-bar, a pull rope, a slide bar, a blade, a fixed shaft and a spring spring, when the pollen collection operation of a single male flower is completed, the T-bar is pulled, and the two slide bars are further pulled closer to each other by the pull rope, so that the pull rope is continuously rotated out from the outside of the fixed shaft, and the spring spring is continuously contracted. When the top slide bar drives the blade to contact the male flower stem, the T-bar is continuously pulled, and the male flower after pollen collection can be cut off by the blade in cooperation with the cutting groove on the top of the bottom slide bar. By cutting off the male flower after pollen collection after completing the pollen collection, the remaining female flowers can grow better.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a pollen rapid collection device for a pumpkin cultivation area according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pollen rapid collection device for a pumpkin cultivation area according to the present invention.

3 is a schematic diagram of the left side cross-sectional structure of a pollen rapid collection device for a pumpkin cultivation area according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fixing plate of a pollen rapid collection device for a pumpkin cultivation area according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of point A of FIG. 4 of a rapid pollen collection device for a pumpkin cultivation area according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a partition net of a pollen rapid collection device for a pumpkin cultivation area according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a screw sleeve of a pollen rapid collection device for a pumpkin cultivation area according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. handle; 2. fixed cover; 3. battery; 4. fixed cover; 5. fixed plate; 6. motor; 7. worm; 8. worm wheel; 9. fixed shaft; 10. impeller; 11. positioning shaft; 12. brush; 13. driving gear; 14. driven gear; 15. connecting shaft; 16. small sprocket; 17. chain; 18. large sprocket; 19. first spring; 20. bracket; 21. partition net; 22. block; 23. second spring; 24. T-bar; 25. pull rope; 26. slide bar; 27. blade; 28. fixed shaft; 29. spring; 30. fixed pipe; 31. screw sleeve; 32. filter bag; 33. filter plate; 34. control switch.

Detailed ways

The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, wherein the accompanying drawings are only used for exemplary descriptions and represent only schematic diagrams rather than actual drawings, and should not be understood as limitations on this patent. In order to better illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the accompanying drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product. For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the accompanying drawings may be omitted. Based on the specific embodiments of the present invention, all other specific embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in Figures 1-7, a pollen rapid collection device for a pumpkin cultivation area includes a handle 1, wherein the top of the handle 1 is fixedly connected to a fixed cover 2, the bottom of the inner side of the fixed cover 2 is fixedly connected to a battery 3, the left end of the handle 1 is fixedly connected to a control switch 34, the top of the fixed cover 2 contacts with a fixed cover 4, the bottom of the fixed cover 4 is fixedly connected to a fixed plate 5, the top of the inner side of the fixed plate 5 is fixedly connected to a motor 6, the end of the main shaft of the motor 6 is fixedly connected to a worm 7, and the worm 7 is rotatably connected to the fixed plate 5, the outer side of the worm 7 is meshingly connected to a worm wheel 8, the inner side of the worm wheel 8 is fixedly connected to a fixed shaft 9, and the fixed shaft 9 passes through the fixed plate 5, the fixed shaft 9 is rotatably connected to the fixed plate 5, the right end of the fixed shaft 9 is fixedly connected to an impeller 10, the inner left end of the fixed plate 5 is rotatably connected to a positioning shaft 11 passing through the fixed plate 5, the outer left end of the positioning shaft 11 contacts with a brush 12, and the left side of the brush 12 contacts with a partition 21 fixedly connected to the fixed cover 2.

Example 2

As shown in FIG4 , in order to solve the problem that it is inconvenient to control the brush 12 to rotate slowly to brush away the male flower pollen during the process of controlling the impeller 10 to rotate rapidly, a driving gear 13 is fixedly connected to the left end of the outer side of the fixed shaft 9, and a driven gear 14 is meshedly connected to the outer side of the driving gear 13, and a connecting shaft 15 is fixedly connected to the left end of the driven gear 14, and the connecting shaft 15 is rotatably connected to the fixed plate 5, and a small sprocket 16 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the connecting shaft 15, and a chain 17 is meshedly connected to the outer side of the small sprocket 16, and the bottom end of the inner side of the chain 17 A large sprocket 18 is meshed and connected, and the large sprocket 18 is fixedly connected to the positioning shaft 11. When the motor 6 drives the worm 7 to mesh with the worm wheel 8, and further drives the impeller 10 to rotate rapidly through the fixed shaft 9, the driving gear 13 is driven by the fixed shaft 9 to mesh with the driven gear 14, and the driven gear 14 further drives the small sprocket 16 on the outside of the connecting shaft 15 to mesh with the chain 17. When the chain 17 meshes with the large sprocket 18, it is convenient to control the positioning shaft 11 to drive the brush 12 on the left to rotate slowly to brush away the male flower pollen during the process of controlling the rapid rotation of the impeller 10.

Example 3

As shown in Figures 4-5, in order to solve the problem that it is inconvenient to replace the brush 12 when it is severely worn, a first spring 19 is fixedly connected to the left end of the inner side of the positioning shaft 11, and a bracket 20 is fixedly connected to the other end of the first spring 19, and the bracket 20 passes through the positioning shaft 11, and the bracket 20 is slidably connected to the positioning shaft 11, and the bracket 20 is engaged with the brush 12. When the brush 12 is severely worn due to long-term use, the first spring 19 is compressed by pressing the bracket 20, and the bracket 20 is further disengaged from the brush 12, which facilitates the removal and replacement of the brush 12 when it is severely worn.

Example 4

As shown in Figures 1-3, in order to solve the problem that it is inconvenient to remove the fixed plate 5 with brushes 12 and impellers 10 on both sides from the fixed cover 2, a second spring 23 is fixedly connected to the top end of the inner side of the fixed cover 2, and the other end of the second spring 23 is fixedly connected to a clamping block 22, and the clamping block 22 is slidably connected to the fixed cover 2, and the clamping block 22 is engaged with the fixed cover 4. By pushing the clamping block 22 to compress the second spring 23, the clamping block 22 is further disengaged from the fixed cover 4, which facilitates the removal of the fixed cover 4. Because the fixed cover 4 is fixed to the fixed plate 5, it is convenient to remove the fixed plate 5 with brushes 12 and impellers 10 on both sides from the fixed cover 2.

Example 5

As shown in Figures 1-3, in order to solve the problem that it is inconvenient to remove the stamens after collecting pollen, the bottom end of the inner side of the fixed cover 2 is slidably connected to a T-bar 24 that penetrates the fixed cover 2, and the top of the T-bar 24 is fixedly connected to a pull rope 25 that penetrates the fixed cover 2, and the pull rope 25 is slidably connected to the fixed cover 2. One end of the outer side of the pull rope 25 is fixedly connected to a slide bar 26, and the slide bar 26 is slidably connected to the fixed cover 2. The bottom end of the slide bar 26 at the top is fixedly connected to a blade 27, and the top end of the slide bar 26 at the bottom is provided with a cutting groove. After the male flower completes the pollen collection operation, the T-bar 24 is pulled, and the two slide bars 26 are further pulled closer to each other through the pull rope 25. When the slide bar 26 at the top drives the blade 27 to contact the stem of the male flower, it is convenient to remove the male flower after pollen collection.

Example 6

As shown in Figures 2-3, in order to solve the problem that it is inconvenient to automatically reset the slide bar 26 and the blade 27 after the male flowers after pollen collection are cut off, the other end of the pull rope 25 is fixedly connected to a fixed shaft 28, and the fixed shaft 28 is rotatably connected to the fixed cover 2. A clockwork spring 29 is fixedly connected to the center of the outer side of the fixed shaft 28, and the other end of the clockwork spring 29 is fixedly connected to the fixed cover 2. Because the pull rope 25 will continuously pull the fixed shaft 28 to rotate when the male flowers after pollen collection are cut off, the clockwork spring 29 will continuously shrink. Therefore, after the male flowers after pollen collection are cut off, by loosening the pull on the T-bar 24, and then cooperating with the elastic force of the clockwork spring 29 on the fixed shaft 28, the fixed shaft 28 is further wound up with the pull rope 25, which is convenient for automatically resetting the slide bar 26 and the blade 27 when the pull rope 25 pulls the slide bar 26.

Example 7

As shown in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 7, in order to solve the problem of inconvenience in centralized collection of collected pollen, the right end of the fixed cover 2 is connected to a fixed pipe 30, the outer side of the fixed pipe 30 is spirally connected to a screw sleeve 31, and the right end of the screw sleeve 31 is connected to a filter bag 32. After the brush 12 removes the pollen of the male flowers, the impeller 10 will pull the airflow into the device when it rotates, and then be discharged when it enters the filter bag 32 through the fixed pipe 30. Therefore, the pollen is constantly moving under the traction of the airflow, further passes through the fixed pipe 30, and then enters the filter bag 32. When the pollen is filtered in the filter bag 32, it is convenient to centrally collect the collected pollen.

Example 8

As shown in FIG. 7 , in order to solve the problem of inconvenience in filtering out foreign matter in the collected pollen, the right end of the fixed tube 30 is in contact with a filter plate 33, and the filter plate 33 is in close contact with the screw sleeve 31. Before the collected pollen is collected in the filter bag 32, the pollen first passes through the filter plate 33 for filtering, which facilitates the filtering out of foreign matter in the collected pollen.

In this embodiment, when the device is used to collect pumpkin pollen, the device is first placed on the outside of the male flower of the pumpkin so that the male flower of the pumpkin faces the partition net 21, and then the motor 6 is started by the control switch 34 to drive the worm 7 to engage the worm gear 8. At this time, the worm gear 8 drives the impeller 10 to rotate through the fixed shaft 9, thereby pulling the external wind to blow toward the male flower, so that the male flower is in close contact with the partition net 21. At this time, the stamens of the male flower will pass through the single-layer partition net 21 under the action of wind pressure, because the fixed shaft 9 will also drive the driving gear 13 to engage the driven gear 14. At this time, the driven gear 14 drives the connecting shaft 15 to rotate, further driving the small sprocket 16 to engage the chain 17. When the chain 17 engages the large sprocket 18, the positioning shaft 11 also drives the brush 12 on the left to rotate slowly, so as to brush the stamens of the male flowers passing through the partition 21. At this time, the pollen of the male flowers will continue to fall off under the brushing of the brush 12, and then under the traction of the gas, the fallen pollen will pass through the fixed tube 30 and be filtered through the filter plate 33. Finally, the filtered pollen will be collected in the filter bag 23. When it is completed, When the pollen collection operation of a single male flower is completed, the T-bar 24 is pulled, and the two slide bars 26 are further pulled closer to each other through the pull rope 25. The slide bar 26 at the top drives the blade 27 to contact the stem of the male flower, and the male flower after the pollen collection can be cut off, so that the remaining female flowers can grow better. After completing the above operation, repeat the above operation to perform pollen collection operations on other pumpkin male flowers. When the pollen collection operation is completed, the screw sleeve 31 is rotated to disengage the spiral connection with the fixed tube 30, and the filter bag 32 is further removed to take out the collected pollen. In the process of using the device, when the brush 12 is worn out after long-term use and the brushing effect on the pollen becomes worse, the card block 22 is pushed to compress the second spring 23, and further disengage from the fixed cover 4, and the fixed cover 4 can be removed, so that the fixed plate 5 with the brush 12 and the impeller 10 on both sides can be taken out from the fixed cover 2, and then the card frame 20 is pressed to compress the first spring 19, and further disengage from the brush 12, and the brush 12 can be removed for replacement, which is simple and convenient to operate.

The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which shall fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims (8)

1. A pollen rapid collection device for a pumpkin cultivation area, comprising a handle (1), characterized in that: a fixed cover (2) is fixedly connected to the top of the handle (1), a battery (3) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner side of the fixed cover (2), a control switch (34) is fixedly connected to the left end of the handle (1), a fixed cover (4) is contacted to the top of the fixed cover (2), a fixed plate (5) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed cover (4), a motor (6) is fixedly connected to the top of the inner side of the fixed plate (5), a worm (7) is fixedly connected to the end of the main shaft of the motor (6), and the worm (7) is connected to the fixed cover (4). The fixed plate (5) is rotatably connected, the outer side of the worm (7) is meshedly connected with a worm wheel (8), the inner side of the worm wheel (8) is fixedly connected with a fixed shaft (9), and the fixed shaft (9) passes through the fixed plate (5), the fixed shaft (9) is rotatably connected with the fixed plate (5), the right end of the fixed shaft (9) is fixedly connected with an impeller (10), the inner left end of the fixed plate (5) is rotatably connected with a positioning shaft (11) passing through the fixed plate (5), the outer left end of the positioning shaft (11) contacts with a brush (12), and the left side of the brush (12) contacts with a partition net (21) fixedly connected to the fixed cover (2). 2. A pollen rapid collection device for a pumpkin cultivation area according to claim 1, characterized in that: a driving gear (13) is fixedly connected to the left end of the outer side of the fixed shaft (9), a driven gear (14) is meshedly connected to the outer side of the driving gear (13), a connecting shaft (15) is fixedly connected to the left end of the driven gear (14), and the connecting shaft (15) is rotatably connected to the fixed plate (5), a small sprocket (16) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the connecting shaft (15), a chain (17) is meshedly connected to the outer side of the small sprocket (16), a large sprocket (18) is meshedly connected to the inner bottom end of the chain (17), and the large sprocket (18) is fixedly connected to the positioning shaft (11). 3. A pollen rapid collection device for a pumpkin cultivation area according to claim 1, characterized in that: a first spring (19) is fixedly connected to the left inner end of the positioning shaft (11), a bracket (20) is fixedly connected to the other end of the first spring (19), and the bracket (20) passes through the positioning shaft (11), the bracket (20) is slidably connected to the positioning shaft (11), and the bracket (20) is engaged with the brush (12). 4. A pollen rapid collection device for a pumpkin cultivation area according to claim 1, characterized in that: a second spring (23) is fixedly connected to the top inner side of the fixed cover (2), a clamping block (22) is fixedly connected to the other end of the second spring (23), and the clamping block (22) is slidably connected to the fixed cover (2), and the clamping block (22) is clamped and connected to the fixed cover (4). 5. A pollen rapid collection device for a pumpkin cultivation area according to claim 1, characterized in that: a T-shaped rod (24) penetrating the fixed cover (2) is slidably connected to the bottom inner end of the fixed cover (2), a pull rope (25) penetrating the fixed cover (2) is fixedly connected to the top of the T-shaped rod (24), and the pull rope (25) is slidably connected to the fixed cover (2), a sliding rod (26) is fixedly connected to one end of the outer side of the pull rope (25), and the sliding rod (26) is slidably connected to the fixed cover (2), a blade (27) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sliding rod (26) at the top, and a cutting groove is provided at the top of the sliding rod (26) at the bottom. 6. A pollen rapid collection device for a pumpkin cultivation area according to claim 5, characterized in that: the other end of the pull rope (25) is fixedly connected to a fixed shaft (28), and the fixed shaft (28) is rotatably connected to a fixed cover (2), and a clockwork spring (29) is fixedly connected to the center of the outer side of the fixed shaft (28), and the other end of the clockwork spring (29) is fixedly connected to the fixed cover (2). 7. A pollen rapid collection device for a pumpkin cultivation area according to claim 1, characterized in that: the right end of the fixed cover (2) is connected to a fixed tube (30), the outer side of the fixed tube (30) is spirally connected to a screw sleeve (31), and the right end of the screw sleeve (31) is connected to a filter bag (32). 8. A rapid pollen collection device for a pumpkin cultivation area according to claim 7, characterized in that: the right end of the fixed tube (30) is in contact with a filter plate (33), and the filter plate (33) is in close contact with the screw sleeve (31).