CN117999966A - Threshing system with reverse rotation screening roller - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a threshing system with a reverse screening roller, which comprises a cylindrical screening roller and a threshing roller which is concentrically arranged with the screening roller; the threshing cylinder is connected with a power source; the rotation direction of the threshing cylinder is opposite to the rotation direction of the screening cylinder; the threshing machine also comprises a transition shaft, wherein a transmission relationship is established between the transition shaft and a central shaft of the threshing cylinder through a homodromous transmission part; the transition shaft is fixed with a first gear, the screening roller is fixed with a second gear, and the first gear is directly meshed with the second gear. The invention establishes the transmission relation between the threshing cylinder and the screening cylinder through the transmission system formed by the transition shaft, the same-direction transmission part and the gear group, so that the threshing cylinder and the screening cylinder reversely rotate, an additional power source is not needed to drive the screening cylinder to operate, the cost can be reduced, the rotation speed of the screening cylinder is always adapted to the speed of the threshing cylinder, in addition, the transmission system can play a role of reducing the speed, and the rotation speed of the screening cylinder is far less than that of the threshing cylinder.

Description

Threshing system with reverse rotation screening roller

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of crop threshing, in particular to a threshing system with a reverse rotation screening roller.

Background

When the combine harvester is used for harvesting crops such as rice, wheat and rape, the crops need to be threshed simultaneously, a threshing device is integrated in the harvester, a main stream threshing device provided by a patent CN202019562U comprises a concave plate sieve, a guide component and a threshing roller, the guide component comprises a grass guide plate, the threshing device works, the crops are subjected to the rubbing action of the threshing roller and the concave plate sieve, so that seeds are separated from straws and fall from sieve holes, the sieve holes of the concave plate sieve are easy to block during long-time operation of the device, the discharge of the seeds is influenced, the sieve holes need to be cleaned more frequently, the separation area of the concave plate sieve is limited, the crops cannot be timely separated to cause repeated hitting, the materials are finely crushed, the amount of materials on the sieve surface is large, and the cleaning difficulty is increased for the subsequent cleaning links. In order to solve the above problems, the applicant's prior application CN114631432a discloses a full wrap angle threshing separation device and threshing method, which comprises a 360 ° rotary concave screen which rotates reversely to a threshing cylinder, when in use, the threshing cylinder is connected with one power source, the concave screen is driven to operate by a transmission device connected with another power source, the transmission device comprises a right angle reverser, a chain, a bolt and a driving wheel, the chain is installed in the concave screen and surrounds the concave screen, and in actual use, the structural failure rate is high, the threshing separation device is easy to be influenced by materials and blocked, two power sources are required to have higher cost, the single-point driving is required, the rotating speed resistance of the reverse rotating cylinder is large and unstable, the structural strength is also poor, and the rotating speeds of the threshing cylinder and the concave screen are required to be coordinated, and additional cost is also required in control.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the threshing system with the reverse rotation screening roller provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, high stability, good reliability and low cost, and can adapt the rotation speeds of the screening roller and the threshing roller.

The technical scheme is as follows: to achieve the above object, the threshing system with a reverse rotation screening drum of the present invention comprises a cylindrical screening drum and a threshing drum arranged concentrically with the screening drum; the threshing cylinder is connected with a power source, and the power source can be a rotation moment directly or indirectly transmitted by a motor and an engine; the rotation direction of the threshing cylinder is opposite to the rotation direction of the screening cylinder;

The threshing machine also comprises a transition shaft, wherein a transmission relation is established between the transition shaft and the middle shaft of the threshing cylinder through a same-direction transmission part, and the transition shaft and the middle shaft rotate in the same direction; the transition shaft is fixedly provided with a first gear, the screening roller is fixedly provided with a second gear, and the first gear is directly meshed with the second gear.

Further, the same-direction transmission component comprises a first sprocket fixed on the middle shaft and a second sprocket fixed on the transition shaft; the first sprocket and the second sprocket transmit power through a chain.

Further, the second gears are fixed at the two ends of the screening roller, the first gears are fixed at the two ends of the transition shaft, and the first gears are meshed with the second gears in a one-to-one correspondence mode.

Further, both ends of the screening roller are provided with rolling flanges; the threshing system further comprises a rolling guide frame arranged corresponding to each rolling flange, wherein the rolling guide frame comprises a frame body and a plurality of rollers which are rotatably installed relative to the frame body and are distributed along an arc path. The frame body is composed of two arc plate bodies, and all rollers are arranged between the two arc plate bodies. The rolling flanges are in contact with all the rollers in the corresponding rolling guide frame. The roller is a grooved wheel with a ring groove in the middle, so that the rolling flange can be kept from contacting with the arc plate body. A rolling flange at the same end of the screen drum is mounted in close proximity to the second gear.

The middle shaft is positioned at the transverse side of the middle shaft, namely at the position beside the left quadrant point or the right quadrant point of the screening roller, so that the meshing position of the first gear and the second gear avoids the centralized position of the material movement, and the material can be prevented from entering between the first gear and the second gear. This is also achieved by the fact that the transmission system of the invention is designed to be compact.

Further, the top cover of screening cylinder is equipped with the cover body, the cover body is in screening cylinder axial ascending projection is narrow down wide shape, in this scheme, the axial projection is trapezoidal shape. Through setting up the cover body, the seed grain that gets rid of from the upside screen cloth of screening cylinder can be kept off by the cover body, prevents that the seed grain from splashing everywhere, also prevents the seed grain loss.

Further, a plurality of groups of grass guiding components are arranged on the inner wall of the screening roller, each group of grass guiding components comprises a plurality of grass guiding plates which are arranged in parallel, and two ends of each grass guiding plate are staggered in the axial direction of the screening roller. So, along with the rotation of screening cylinder, can make the material pass through the grass guide plate, the grass guide plate acts on the material and can make the material produce axial motion for the screening cylinder for the material moves forward along the screening cylinder, and the impurity that obtains after the cleaning can follow the terminal discharge of screening cylinder.

Further, the inclination angle of the grass guide plate relative to the axial direction of the screening roller can be adjusted. In this way, the speed of travel of the material along the screening drum can be adjusted as desired.

Further, the screening roller is composed of a framework and a plurality of groups of concave plate screen bodies. Specifically, the skeleton includes two rolling flanges at both ends, still includes the intermediate junction plate of circumference array arrangement between two rolling flanges. A plurality of mounting rings which are arranged in parallel with the two rolling flanges are arranged between the two rolling flanges; so, the screening surface of intermediate junction plate and collar will screen the cylinder separates into a plurality of blocks, all is fixed with a circular-arc concave plate screen frame in every block, so, whole screening cylinder is not only reliable structure, and the screening surface is split into a plurality of concave plate screen frames moreover, makes the degree of difficulty and reduces.

Further, the cross section of the middle connecting plate is U-shaped, the middle connecting plate comprises a bottom plate part and side plate parts at two sides, one pair of edges in the concave plate sieve body are connected with the side plate parts of the middle connecting plate, and the other pair of edges are connected with the mounting rings. The bottom plate part of the middle connecting plate is provided with sieve holes and also provided with axially extending strip-shaped holes. Each concave plate screen body comprises a grass guide plate mounting piece positioned in the middle, and the grass guide plate mounting pieces are provided with a plurality of mounting holes which are arranged in a linear array; one end of the grass guide plate is connected with the mounting hole and is rotationally connected relative to the grass guide plate mounting piece, the other end of the grass guide plate is connected with the strip-shaped hole through the screw, the screw can adjust the position along the strip-shaped hole to change the angle of the grass guide plate, and the grass guide plate is locked and fixed through the screw after adjustment is completed.

Further, the threshing cylinder comprises a plurality of groups of threshing components which are arrayed around the circumference of the central shaft, each group of threshing components comprises a rod piece, a short grain rod is fixed on the front section of the rod piece, and a plurality of toothed bars which are arrayed in a straight line are fixed on the rear section of the rod piece. The threshing cylinder also comprises two end plates and two middle support plates, the rod piece is fixed between the two end plates, and the rod piece is fixedly connected with each middle support plate. The center shaft is fixedly connected with the end plate and the middle supporting plate.

The beneficial effects are that: the threshing system with the reverse screening roller has the following beneficial effects:

(1) The transmission relation between the threshing cylinder and the screening cylinder is established through the transmission system consisting of the transition shaft, the same-direction transmission part and the gear group, on one hand, the reverse rotation of the threshing cylinder and the screening cylinder can be realized, the structure is simple, the screening cylinder is driven to operate without an additional power source, and the cost can be reduced. In a second aspect, the rotational speed of the screening drum can be adapted to the speed of the threshing drum at all times. In the third aspect, the transmission system can play a role in decelerating, so that the rotating speed of the screening roller is far smaller than that of the threshing roller, the slower rotating speed of the screening roller can enable the screening roller to play a better screening effect, the reverse rotation of the screening roller can enable the screen mesh around the screening roller to rotate to execute screening operation, the probability of blocking sieve holes is reduced, and meanwhile the cleaning efficiency is improved.

(2) The layout of gear assembly makes the both ends of screening cylinder can even atress, and the screening cylinder can not twist reverse and lead to warping because both ends atress is inhomogeneous, and receives the position of driving force very near with the rolling flange on the screening cylinder, and the screening cylinder does not have the risk of being blocked when rolling.

(3) The grass guide assembly is reasonable in installation mode, the grass guide plate installation piece is arranged on the concave plate screen body, and the strip-shaped holes are formed in the middle connecting plate of the framework, so that the grass guide plate can be conveniently installed, and the inclination angle of the grass guide plate can be conveniently adjusted.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of a threshing system;

fig. 2 is a perspective view of a threshing system;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a screen drum;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the portion A of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the portion B of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a threshing cylinder;

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a concave screen;

FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a rolling guide frame;

fig. 9 is a partial structural view of the screening drum in the preferred embodiment.

In the figure: 1-a screening roller; 11-rolling the flange; 12-concave plate screen body; 12 a-a grass guide plate mount; 12 b-an arcuate plate; 12 c-a straight plate; 12 d-groove opening; 13-an intermediate connection plate; 13 a-mesh openings; 13 b-bar-shaped holes; 14-a mounting ring; 2-threshing cylinder; 21-a central axis; 2A-threshing parts; 22-bar members; 23-short tattooing bar; 24-tooth bar; 25-end plates; 26-an intermediate support plate; 27-a conical roller section; 3-transition shaft; 4-a homodromous transmission component; 41-a first sprocket; 42-a second sprocket; 43-chain; 5-gear set; 51-a first gear; 52-a second gear; 6-a rolling guide frame; 61-a frame body; 62-a roller; 7, a cover body; 8-a grass guiding assembly; 81-a grass guide plate; 9-bolt.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

A threshing system with counter-rotating screening drum as shown in fig. 1-2, comprising a cylindrical screening drum 1 and a threshing drum 2 arranged concentrically with said screening drum 1; the threshing cylinder 2 is connected with a power source, and the power source can be a rotation moment directly or indirectly transmitted by a motor and an engine; the rotation direction of the threshing cylinder 2 is opposite to the rotation direction of the screening cylinder 1.

As shown in fig. 3, the screening drum 1 is composed of a framework and a plurality of groups of concave screen bodies 12. Specifically, the skeleton includes two rolling flanges 11 at both ends, and further includes an intermediate connection plate 13 circumferentially arranged in an array between the two rolling flanges 11. A plurality of mounting rings 14 which are arranged in parallel with the two rolling flanges 11 are arranged between the two rolling flanges; so, intermediate junction plate 13 and collar 14 separate into a plurality of blocks with screening drum 1's screening surface, all install a circular-arc concave plate screen frame 12 in every block, so, whole screening drum 1 is not only reliable in structure, and the screening surface is split into a plurality of concave plate screen frames 12 moreover, and the manufacturing degree of difficulty reduces. The concave screen body 12 has a screen, both axial ends of the screen have arcuate plates 12b, and both radial ends of the screen are fitted with straight plates 12c.

As shown in fig. 6, the threshing cylinder 2 includes a plurality of groups of threshing components 2A arrayed circumferentially around a central axis 21, each group of threshing components 2A includes a rod 22, a short bar 23 is fixed on a front section of the rod 22, and a plurality of tooth bars 24 arrayed in a linear array are fixed on a rear section of the rod 22. The threshing cylinder 2 further comprises two end plates 25 and two intermediate support plates 26, the rod 22 is fixed between the two end plates 25, and the rod 22 is fixedly connected with each intermediate support plate 26. The center shaft 21 is also fixedly connected with the end plate 25 and the middle support plate 26. The rubbing action between the short-grain bars 23 and the screening drum 1 can promote the seeds to separate from the crop stalks, and then the beating of the short-grain bars 23 on the stalks can promote the seeds which are separated from the stalks and still mixed in the stalks to separate from the stalk stacks. Furthermore, the threshing cylinder 2 comprises a conical cylinder section 27.

The screening drum 1 is covered with a cover 7 above, and the projection of the cover 7 on the axial direction of the screening drum 1 is in a shape with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part, in this embodiment, the axial projection is in a trapezoid shape. Through setting up the cover body 7, the seed grain that gets rid of from the upside screen cloth of screening cylinder 1 can be blocked by the cover body 7, prevents that the seed grain from splashing everywhere, also prevents the seed grain loss.

The threshing system also comprises a transition shaft 3, wherein a transmission relation is established between the transition shaft 3 and a central shaft 21 of the threshing cylinder 2 through a same-direction transmission part 4, and thus the transition shaft 3 and the central shaft 21 rotate in the same direction; a first gear 51 is fixed on the transition shaft 3, a second gear 52 is fixed on the screening drum 1, and the first gear 51 is directly meshed with the second gear 52.

Preferably, the same direction transmission part 4 comprises a first sprocket 41 fixed on the central shaft 21 and a second sprocket 42 fixed on the transition shaft 3; the power is transmitted between the first sprocket 41 and the second sprocket 42 via a chain 43.

By adopting the structure, the transmission relation between the threshing cylinder 2 and the screening cylinder 1 is established through the transmission system consisting of the transition shaft 3, the homodromous transmission part 4 and the gear set 5, on one hand, the reverse rotation of the threshing cylinder 2 and the screening cylinder 1 can be realized, the structure is simple, the screening cylinder 1 is driven to operate without an additional power source, and the cost can be reduced. In the second aspect, the rotation speed of the screening drum 1 and the speed of the threshing drum 2 can be adapted all the time. In a third aspect, the number of teeth of the first sprocket 41 is smaller than the number of teeth of the second sprocket 42, and the number of teeth of the first gear 51 is smaller than the number of teeth of the second gear 52, so that the above-mentioned transmission system can play a role in decelerating, so that the rotation speed of the screening drum 1 is far smaller than that of the threshing drum 2, the slower rotation speed of the screening drum 1 can enable the screening drum l to play a better screening effect (the screening drum 1 rotates too fast to affect the cleaning effect), and the reverse rotation of the screening drum 1 can enable the screens around the screening drum 1 to perform a screening operation in a rotating manner, so that the screen hole blocking probability is reduced, and meanwhile, the cleaning efficiency is improved. In this embodiment, the reduction ratio of the homodromous transmission component 4 is 51:15, the reduction ratio of the gear set 5 is 135:28, and the total reduction ratio of the transmission system is 16.4.

Preferably, the second gears 52 are fixed at both ends of the screening drum 1, the first gears 51 are also fixed at both ends of the transition shaft 3, and the first gears 51 are meshed with the second gears 52 in a one-to-one correspondence. Thus, the two ends of the screening roller 1 can be uniformly stressed, and the screening roller 1 cannot deform due to the fact that the stress at the two ends is uneven.

The threshing system further comprises a rolling guide frame 6 provided corresponding to each of the rolling flanges 11, as shown in fig. 8, the rolling guide frame 6 comprises a frame body 61, and a plurality of rollers 62 rotatably installed with respect to the frame body 61 and arranged along an arc path. The frame 61 is composed of two circular arc plates, and all the rollers 62 are disposed between the two circular arc plates. The rolling flange 11 is in contact with all the rollers 62 in the corresponding rolling guide frame 6. The roller 62 is a grooved wheel with a ring groove in the middle, so that the rolling flange 11 can be kept from contacting with the arc plate body. The rolling flange 11 at the same end of the screening drum 1 is mounted in close proximity to the second gear 52, so that the screening drum 1 is driven by a force very close to the rolling flange 11, and there is no risk of the screening drum 1 getting stuck during rolling.

The central shaft 21 is located at a lateral side of the central shaft 21, that is, at a position beside the left quadrant or the right quadrant of the screening drum 1, so that the meshing position of the first gear 51 and the second gear 52 avoids the centralized position of the movement of the materials, and the materials can be prevented from entering between the first gear 51 and the second gear 52. This is also achieved by the fact that the transmission system of the invention is designed to be compact.

As shown in fig. 3, a plurality of groups of grass guiding assemblies 8 are mounted on the inner wall of the screening roller 1, each group of grass guiding assemblies 8 comprises a plurality of grass guiding plates 81 which are arranged in parallel, and two ends of each grass guiding plate 81 are staggered in the axial direction of the screening roller 1. So, along with the rotation of screening cylinder 1, can make the material pass through the grass guide plate 81, grass guide plate 81 acts on the material and can make the material produce axial motion for screening cylinder 1 for the material moves forward along screening cylinder 1, and the impurity that obtains after the cleaning can follow screening cylinder 1's end discharge.

The inclination angle of the grass guide plate 81 with respect to the axial direction of the screening drum 1 can be adjusted. In this way, the travelling speed of the material along the screening drum 1 can be adjusted as desired. The grass guide plate 81 is installed at the shaft section corresponding to the short thread bar 23, and can perform a good pushing effect.

In one embodiment, the cross section of the middle connecting plate 13 is U-shaped, which includes a bottom plate portion and two side plate portions, one pair of edges of the concave screen 12 are connected to the side plate portions of the middle connecting plate 13, and the other pair of edges are connected to the mounting ring 14. As shown in fig. 4, the bottom plate portion of the intermediate connection plate 13 has a mesh 13a and also has axially extending strip-shaped holes 13b. As shown in fig. 7, each concave screen body 12 includes a grass guide plate mounting member 12a located at the middle, and the grass guide plate mounting member 12a has a plurality of mounting holes arranged in a linear array; as shown in fig. 5, one end of the grass guide plate 81 is connected to the mounting hole and rotatably connected with respect to the grass guide plate mounting member 12a, the other end of the grass guide plate 81 is connected to the bar hole 13b by a screw (not shown), the screw is capable of adjusting the position along the bar hole 13b to change the angle of the grass guide plate 81, and the grass guide plate 81 is locked and fixed by the screw after the adjustment is completed.

In another embodiment, the intermediate connection plate 13 also has a mesh 13a and a strip-shaped hole 13b, and the mesh 13a and the strip-shaped hole 13b function exactly as in the previous embodiment. As shown in fig. 9, the inner side of the curved plate 12b of the concave screen body 12 has a notch 12d, so that the concave screen body 12 has elastic bending capability as a whole. The intermediate connection plate 13 can move in the radial direction of the mounting ring 14 and is fixed in position, the straight plates 12c of the concave screen bodies 12 are positioned on the outer side of the intermediate connection plate 13, the straight plates 12c of two adjacent concave screen bodies 12, which are close to each other, are positioned on the outer side of the same intermediate connection plate 13, and are connected through bolts 9 positioned on the outer side of the intermediate connection plate 13. In this way, the roller gap between the concave screen 12 and the threshing member 2A can be changed by tightening or loosening the bolts, and after the gap is adjusted, the intermediate connection plate 13 is fixed with respect to the mounting ring 14. The adjusting structure is simple, the structure is changed little, and the structure volume is not increased.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the invention, it being noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. A threshing system with counter-rotating screening drums, comprising a cylindrical screening drum (1) and a threshing drum (2) arranged concentrically with the screening drum (1); the threshing cylinder (2) is connected with a power source; the rotation direction of the threshing cylinder (2) is opposite to the rotation direction of the screening cylinder (1);

The method is characterized in that:

The threshing machine also comprises a transition shaft (3), wherein a transmission relation is established between the transition shaft (3) and a central shaft (21) of the threshing cylinder (2) through a same-direction transmission part (4); a first gear (51) is fixed on the transition shaft (3), a second gear (52) is fixed on the screening roller (1), and the first gear (51) is directly meshed with the second gear (52).

2. Threshing system with counter-rotating screening drum as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the co-rotating transmission part (4) comprises a first sprocket (41) fixed on the central shaft (21) and a second sprocket (42) fixed on the transition shaft (3); power is transmitted between the first sprocket (41) and the second sprocket (42) through a chain (43).

3. Threshing system with counter-rotating screening drum according to claim 1, characterized in that the screening drum (1) is fixed with the second gear (52), the transition shaft (3) is fixed with the first gear (51), which first gear (51) is in corresponding engagement with the second gear (52).

4. Threshing system with counter-rotating screening drum according to claim 1, characterized in that the screening drum (1) is covered with a cover (7) above, the cover (7) being projected in the axial direction of the screening drum (1) in the shape of a narrow upper and a wide lower.

5. Threshing system with counter-rotating screening drum according to claim 1, characterized in that the screening drum (1) is provided with several groups of grass guiding assemblies (8) on its inner wall, each group of grass guiding assemblies (8) comprises several grass guiding plates (81) arranged in parallel, the two ends of the grass guiding plates (81) being staggered in the axial direction of the screening drum (1).

6. Threshing system with counter-rotating screening drum as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the screening drum (1) consists of a frame and groups of concave screen bodies (12).

7. Threshing system with counter-rotating screening drum according to claim 6, characterized in that the cross section of the intermediate connection plate (13) is U-shaped, comprising a bottom plate part and side plate parts on both sides, one pair of edges in the concave screen body (12) being connected to the side plate parts of the intermediate connection plate (13) and the other pair of edges being connected to the mounting ring (14).

8. Threshing system with counter-rotating screening drum according to claim 1, characterized in that the threshing drum (2) comprises several groups of threshing components (2A) arranged in a circumferential array around the central axis (21), each group of threshing components (2A) comprising a bar (22), on the front section of which bar (22) a short-grained bar (23) is fixed, on the rear section of which bar (22) a number of toothed bars (24) arranged in a linear array are fixed.