CN117999966A - Threshing system with reverse rotation screening roller - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a threshing system with a reverse screening roller, which comprises a cylindrical screening roller and a threshing roller which is concentrically arranged with the screening roller; the threshing cylinder is connected with a power source; the rotation direction of the threshing cylinder is opposite to the rotation direction of the screening cylinder; the threshing machine also comprises a transition shaft, wherein a transmission relationship is established between the transition shaft and a central shaft of the threshing cylinder through a homodromous transmission part; the transition shaft is fixed with a first gear, the screening roller is fixed with a second gear, and the first gear is directly meshed with the second gear. The invention establishes the transmission relation between the threshing cylinder and the screening cylinder through the transmission system formed by the transition shaft, the same-direction transmission part and the gear group, so that the threshing cylinder and the screening cylinder reversely rotate, an additional power source is not needed to drive the screening cylinder to operate, the cost can be reduced, the rotation speed of the screening cylinder is always adapted to the speed of the threshing cylinder, in addition, the transmission system can play a role of reducing the speed, and the rotation speed of the screening cylinder is far less than that of the threshing cylinder.

Description

A threshing system with a reverse screening drum

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of crop threshing, in particular to a threshing system with a reverse screening drum.

Background technique

When a combine harvester harvests crops such as rice, wheat, and rapeseed, it is necessary to thresh the crops at the same time. A threshing device is integrated in the harvester. For example, the mainstream threshing device provided by patent CN202019562U includes a concave screen, a guide assembly, and a threshing drum. The guide assembly includes a grass guide plate. When this threshing device is working, the crops are rubbed by the threshing drum and the concave screen, so that the grains are separated from the straw and fall from the sieve holes. When this device is operated for a long time, the sieve holes of the concave screen are easily blocked, affecting the discharge of the grains, and the sieve holes need to be cleaned more frequently. In addition, the separation area of the concave screen is limited, and the crops cannot be separated in time, resulting in multiple blows, finely broken materials, and a large amount of material on the screen surface, which increases the difficulty of cleaning in the subsequent cleaning process. In order to solve the above problems, the applicant's prior application CN114631432A discloses a full-angle threshing and separation device and a threshing method, which includes a 360° rotary concave screen that rotates in the opposite direction to the threshing drum. When in use, the threshing drum is connected to a power source, and the concave screen is driven by a transmission device connected to another power source. The transmission device includes a right-angle commutator, a chain, bolts, and a driving wheel. The chain is installed in the center of the concave screen and arranged around the concave screen. In actual use, this structure has a high failure rate and is easily affected by materials and jammed. It also requires two power sources, which is relatively costly. The single-point drive has a large and unstable resistance to the reversing drum speed, and the structural strength is also poor. In addition, it is necessary to coordinate the speeds of the threshing drum and the concave screen, and the control also requires additional costs.

Summary of the invention

Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a threshing system with a reverse screening drum which has a simple structure, high stability, good reliability, low cost and can adapt the rotation speed of the screening drum to the threshing drum.

Technical solution: To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the threshing system with a reverse screening drum of the present invention comprises a cylindrical screening drum and a threshing drum arranged concentrically with the screening drum; the threshing drum is connected to a power source, which can be a rotational torque directly or indirectly transmitted by a motor or an engine; the rotation direction of the threshing drum is opposite to that of the screening drum;

It also includes a transition shaft, and a transmission relationship is established between the transition shaft and the central shaft of the threshing drum through a same-direction transmission component, so that the transition shaft and the central shaft rotate in the same direction; a first gear is fixed on the transition shaft, and a second gear is fixed on the screening drum, and the first gear is directly meshed with the second gear.

Furthermore, the same-direction transmission component includes a first sprocket fixed on the middle shaft and a second sprocket fixed on the transition shaft; power is transmitted between the first sprocket and the second sprocket via a chain.

Furthermore, the second gear is fixed to both ends of the screening drum, and the first gear is fixed to both ends of the transition shaft, and the first gear is meshed with the second gear in a one-to-one correspondence.

Furthermore, both ends of the screening drum have rolling flanges; the threshing system also includes a rolling guide frame arranged corresponding to each rolling flange, and the rolling guide frame includes a frame body, and a plurality of rollers rotatably mounted relative to the frame body and arranged along an arc path. The frame body is composed of two arc plates, and all rollers are placed between the two arc plates. The rolling flange contacts all rollers in the corresponding rolling guide frame. The roller is a groove wheel with an annular groove in the middle, so that the rolling flange can be kept from contacting the arc plate body. The rolling flange located at the same end of the screening drum is installed adjacent to the second gear.

The central axis is located at the lateral side of the central axis, that is, at the position next to the left quadrant point or the right quadrant point of the screening drum, so the meshing position of the first gear and the second gear avoids the concentrated position of the material movement, and the material can be prevented from entering between the first gear and the second gear. This is also achieved because the transmission system of the present invention is designed to be simple and compact.

Furthermore, a cover body is provided above the screening drum, and the projection of the cover body in the axial direction of the screening drum is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. In this solution, the axial projection is a trapezoidal shape. By providing the cover body, the grains thrown out from the upper screen of the screening drum can be blocked by the cover body, preventing the grains from splashing around and preventing the grains from being lost.

Furthermore, multiple groups of grass guide assemblies are installed on the inner wall of the screening drum, and each group of the grass guide assemblies includes multiple grass guide plates arranged in parallel, and the two ends of the grass guide plates are staggered in the axial direction of the screening drum. In this way, as the screening drum rotates, the material can pass through the grass guide plates, and the grass guide plates act on the material to make the material move axially relative to the screening drum, so that the material moves forward along the screening drum, and the impurities obtained after the cleaning are discharged from the end of the screening drum.

Furthermore, the inclination angle of the grass guide plate relative to the axial direction of the screening drum can be adjusted. In this way, the traveling speed of the material along the screening drum can be adjusted as needed.

Furthermore, the screening drum is composed of a frame and multiple groups of concave plate screen bodies. Specifically, the frame includes two rolling flanges at both ends, and also includes an intermediate connecting plate arranged in a circumferential array between the two rolling flanges. There are also multiple mounting rings arranged parallel to the two rolling flanges; in this way, the intermediate connecting plate and the mounting ring divide the screen surface of the screening drum into multiple blocks, and an arc-shaped concave plate screen body is fixed in each block. In this way, the entire screening drum is not only structurally reliable, but also the screen surface is split into multiple concave plate screen bodies, and the manufacturing difficulty is reduced.

Furthermore, the cross-section of the intermediate connecting plate is U-shaped, which includes a bottom plate portion and side plate portions on both sides. A pair of edges in the concave plate screen body are connected to the side plate portions of the intermediate connecting plate, and the other pair of edges are connected to the mounting ring. The bottom plate portion of the intermediate connecting plate has sieve holes and also has axially extending strip holes. Each concave plate screen body includes a grass guide plate mounting piece located in the middle, and the grass guide plate mounting piece has a plurality of mounting holes arranged in a linear array; one end of the grass guide plate is connected to the mounting hole and is rotatably connected relative to the grass guide plate mounting piece, and the other end of the grass guide plate is connected to the strip hole by a screw, and the screw can adjust the position along the strip hole to change the angle of the grass guide plate. After the adjustment is completed, the grass guide plate is locked and fixed by the screw.

Furthermore, the threshing drum includes a plurality of groups of threshing parts arranged in a circular array around the central axis, each group of the threshing parts includes a rod, a short-grained rod is fixed to the front section of the rod, and a plurality of toothed rods arranged in a linear array are fixed to the rear section of the rod. The threshing drum also includes two end plates and two intermediate support plates, the rod is fixed between the two end plates, and the rod is also fixedly connected to each intermediate support plate. The central axis is also fixedly connected to the end plates and the intermediate support plates.

Beneficial effects: The threshing system with a reverse screening drum of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) The transmission relationship between the threshing drum and the screening drum is established through a transmission system composed of a transition shaft, a co-directional transmission component and a gear set. On the one hand, the threshing drum and the screening drum can rotate in opposite directions. The structure is simple and no additional power source is required to drive the screening drum to operate, which can reduce costs. On the other hand, the rotation speed of the screening drum can always be matched with the speed of the threshing drum. On the third hand, the transmission system can play a deceleration role, so that the rotation speed of the screening drum is much smaller than the rotation speed of the threshing drum. The slower speed of the screening drum can enable the screening drum to achieve a better screening effect. The reverse rotation of the screening drum can enable the screens around the screening drum to rotate to perform the screening operation, reducing the probability of screen hole blockage and improving the cleaning efficiency.

(2) The layout of the gear assembly enables the two ends of the screening drum to be evenly stressed, and the screening drum will not be twisted and deformed due to uneven stress at both ends. In addition, the position on the screening drum that receives the driving force is very close to the rolling flange, so there is no risk of the screening drum getting stuck while rolling.

(3) The installation method of the grass guide assembly is reasonable. By arranging a grass guide plate mounting piece on the concave plate screen body and arranging a strip hole on the middle connecting plate of the frame, the grass guide plate can be easily installed and the inclination angle of the grass guide plate can be easily adjusted.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Fig. 1 is a front view of a threshing system;

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the threshing system;

FIG3 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a screening drum;

FIG4 is an enlarged structural diagram of part A in FIG3 ;

FIG5 is an enlarged structural diagram of part B in FIG3 ;

Fig. 6 is a structural diagram of a threshing drum;

FIG7 is a structural diagram of a concave plate screen body;

FIG8 is a structural diagram of a rolling guide frame;

FIG. 9 is a partial structural diagram of the screening drum in a preferred embodiment.

In the figure: 1-screening drum; 11-rolling flange; 12-concave plate screen body; 12a-grass guide plate mounting member; 12b-arc plate; 12c-straight plate; 12d-slot; 13-middle connecting plate; 13a-sieve hole; 13b-strip hole; 14-mounting ring; 2-threshing drum; 21-middle shaft; 2A-threshing component; 22-rod; 23-short-grained rod; 24-toothed rod; 25-end plate; 26-middle support plate; 27-conical drum section; 3-transition shaft; 4-co-directional transmission component; 41-first sprocket; 42-second sprocket; 43-chain; 5-gear set; 51-first gear; 52-second gear; 6-rolling guide frame; 61-frame; 62-roller; 7-cover body; 8-grass guide assembly; 81-grass guide plate; 9-bolt.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The threshing system with a reverse screening drum as shown in Figure 1-2 includes a cylindrical screening drum 1 and a threshing drum 2 arranged concentrically with the screening drum 1; the threshing drum 2 is connected to a power source, which can be a rotational torque directly or indirectly transmitted by a motor or an engine; the rotation direction of the threshing drum 2 is opposite to the rotation direction of the screening drum 1.

As shown in FIG3 , the screening drum 1 is composed of a skeleton and a plurality of groups of concave plate screen bodies 12. Specifically, the skeleton includes two rolling flanges 11 at both ends, and also includes an intermediate connecting plate 13 arranged in a circumferential array between the two rolling flanges 11. There are also multiple mounting rings 14 arranged parallel to the two rolling flanges 11; thus, the intermediate connecting plate 13 and the mounting ring 14 divide the screen surface of the screening drum 1 into multiple blocks, and each block is installed with an arc-shaped concave plate screen body 12. Thus, the entire screening drum 1 is not only structurally reliable, but also the screen surface is split into multiple concave plate screen bodies 12, and the manufacturing difficulty is reduced. The concave plate screen body 12 has a screen, and the axial ends of the screen have arc plates 12b, and the radial ends of the screen are installed with straight plates 12c.

As shown in FIG6 , the threshing drum 2 includes a plurality of groups of threshing parts 2A arranged in a circular array around the central axis 21, and each group of the threshing parts 2A includes a rod 22, a short-grained rod 23 is fixed on the front section of the rod 22, and a plurality of toothed rods 24 arranged in a linear array are fixed on the rear section of the rod 22. The threshing drum 2 also includes two end plates 25 and two intermediate support plates 26, the rod 22 is fixed between the two end plates 25, and the rod 22 is also fixedly connected to each intermediate support plate 26. The central axis 21 and the end plates 25 and the intermediate support plates 26 are also fixedly connected. The kneading action between the short-grained rod 23 and the screening drum 1 can cause the grains to separate from the crop stems, and then the short-grained rod 23 knocks on the stems to cause the grains that have separated from the stems but are still mixed in the stems to separate from the stem pile. In addition, the threshing drum 2 also includes a conical drum section 27.

A cover body 7 is provided above the screening drum 1. The projection of the cover body 7 in the axial direction of the screening drum 1 is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. In this embodiment, the axial projection is a trapezoid. By providing the cover body 7, the seeds thrown out from the upper screen of the screening drum 1 can be blocked by the cover body 7, preventing the seeds from splashing around and preventing the seeds from being lost.

The threshing system also includes a transition shaft 3, and a transmission relationship is established between the transition shaft 3 and the central axis 21 of the threshing drum 2 through a same-direction transmission component 4, so that the transition shaft 3 and the central axis 21 rotate in the same direction; a first gear 51 is fixed on the transition shaft 3, and a second gear 52 is fixed on the screening drum 1, and the first gear 51 is directly meshed with the second gear 52.

Preferably, the same-direction transmission component 4 includes a first sprocket 41 fixed on the central shaft 21 and a second sprocket 42 fixed on the transition shaft 3 ; power is transmitted between the first sprocket 41 and the second sprocket 42 via a chain 43 .

With the above structure, the transmission relationship between the threshing drum 2 and the screening drum 1 is established through the transmission system composed of the transition shaft 3, the same-direction transmission component 4 and the gear set 5. On the one hand, the threshing drum 2 and the screening drum 1 can be rotated in the opposite direction, the structure is simple, and no additional power source is required to drive the screening drum 1 to operate, which can reduce costs. On the second hand, the rotation speed of the screening drum 1 can always be adapted to the speed of the threshing drum 2. On the third hand, the number of teeth of the first sprocket 41 is less than the number of teeth of the second sprocket 42, and the number of teeth of the first gear 51 is less than the number of teeth of the second gear 52. In this way, the above transmission system can play a deceleration role, so that the rotation speed of the screening drum 1 is much lower than the rotation speed of the threshing drum 2. The slower rotation speed of the screening drum 1 can enable the screening drum 1 to achieve a better screening effect (the screening drum 1 rotates too fast to affect the cleaning effect). The reverse rotation of the screening drum 1 can enable the screens around the screening drum 1 to perform the screening operation in rotation, reduce the probability of sieve hole blockage, and improve the cleaning efficiency. In this embodiment, the reduction ratio of the same-direction transmission component 4 is 51:15, the reduction ratio of the gear set 5 is 135:28, and the total reduction ratio of the transmission system is 16.4.

Preferably, the second gear 52 is fixed to both ends of the screening drum 1, and the first gear 51 is fixed to both ends of the transition shaft 3, and the first gear 51 meshes with the second gear 52 in a one-to-one correspondence. In this way, both ends of the screening drum 1 can be evenly stressed, and the screening drum 1 will not be twisted and deformed due to uneven stress on both ends.

The threshing system also includes a rolling guide frame 6 corresponding to each rolling flange 11. As shown in FIG8 , the rolling guide frame 6 includes a frame body 61 and a plurality of rollers 62 rotatably mounted relative to the frame body 61 and arranged along an arc path. The frame body 61 is composed of two arc plates, and all rollers 62 are placed between the two arc plates. The rolling flange 11 is in contact with all rollers 62 in the corresponding rolling guide frame 6. The roller 62 is a groove wheel with an annular groove in the middle, so that the rolling flange 11 can be kept from contacting the arc plate. The rolling flange 11 at the same end of the screening drum 1 is installed adjacent to the second gear 52, so that the position on the screening drum 1 that is subjected to the driving force is very close to the rolling flange 11, and there is no risk of the screening drum 1 being stuck when rolling.

The central axis 21 is located at the lateral side of the central axis 21, that is, at the position next to the left quadrant point or the right quadrant point of the screening drum 1, so the meshing position of the first gear 51 and the second gear 52 avoids the concentrated position of material movement, and can prevent the material from entering between the first gear 51 and the second gear 52. This is also achieved because the transmission system of the present invention is designed to be simple and compact.

As shown in FIG3 , a plurality of grass guide assemblies 8 are installed on the inner wall of the screening drum 1, and each group of the grass guide assemblies 8 includes a plurality of grass guide plates 81 arranged in parallel, and the two ends of the grass guide plates 81 are staggered in the axial direction of the screening drum 1. In this way, as the screening drum 1 rotates, the material can pass through the grass guide plates 81, and the grass guide plates 81 act on the material to make the material move axially relative to the screening drum 1, so that the material moves forward along the screening drum 1, and the impurities obtained after the cleaning are discharged from the end of the screening drum 1.

The inclination angle of the grass guide plate 81 relative to the axial direction of the screening drum 1 can be adjusted. In this way, the traveling speed of the material along the screening drum 1 can be adjusted as needed. The grass guide plate 81 is installed on the shaft section corresponding to the short-grain rod 23, which can play a good propulsion effect.

In one embodiment, the cross section of the intermediate connecting plate 13 is U-shaped, which includes a bottom plate portion and side plate portions on both sides, a pair of edges in the concave plate screen body 12 are connected to the side plate portions of the intermediate connecting plate 13, and the other pair of edges are connected to the mounting ring 14. As shown in FIG4, the bottom plate portion of the intermediate connecting plate 13 has a sieve hole 13a, and also has an axially extending strip hole 13b. As shown in FIG7, each concave plate screen body 12 includes a grass guide plate mounting member 12a located in the middle, and the grass guide plate mounting member 12a has a plurality of mounting holes arranged in a linear array; as shown in FIG5, one end of the grass guide plate 81 is connected to the mounting hole and is rotatably connected relative to the grass guide plate mounting member 12a, and the other end of the grass guide plate 81 is connected to the strip hole 13b by a screw (not shown in the figure), and the screw can adjust the position along the strip hole 13b to change the angle of the grass guide plate 81, and the grass guide plate 81 is locked and fixed by the screw after the adjustment is completed.

In another embodiment, the intermediate connecting plate 13 also has a sieve hole 13a and a strip hole 13b, and the functions of the sieve hole 13a and the strip hole 13b are exactly the same as those of the previous embodiment. As shown in Figure 9, the inner side of the arc plate 12b of the concave plate screen body 12 has a slot 12d, so that the concave plate screen body 12 as a whole has elastic bending ability. The intermediate connecting plate 13 can move and fix the position in the radial direction of the mounting ring 14, and the straight plate 12c of the concave plate screen body 12 is located on the outside of the intermediate connecting plate 13, and the straight plates 12c of two adjacent concave plate screen bodies 12 that are close to each other are located on the outside of the same intermediate connecting plate 13, and are connected by bolts 9 located on the outside of the intermediate connecting plate 13. In this way, the roller gap between the concave plate screen body 12 and the threshing component 2A can be changed by tightening or loosening the bolts. After adjusting the gap, the intermediate connecting plate 13 is fixed relative to the mounting ring 14. The above-mentioned adjustment structure is relatively simple, the change to the structure is small, and the structural volume will not be increased.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A threshing system with counter-rotating screening drums, comprising a cylindrical screening drum (1) and a threshing drum (2) arranged concentrically with the screening drum (1); the threshing cylinder (2) is connected with a power source; the rotation direction of the threshing cylinder (2) is opposite to the rotation direction of the screening cylinder (1);

The method is characterized in that:

The threshing machine also comprises a transition shaft (3), wherein a transmission relation is established between the transition shaft (3) and a central shaft (21) of the threshing cylinder (2) through a same-direction transmission part (4); a first gear (51) is fixed on the transition shaft (3), a second gear (52) is fixed on the screening roller (1), and the first gear (51) is directly meshed with the second gear (52).

2. Threshing system with counter-rotating screening drum as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the co-rotating transmission part (4) comprises a first sprocket (41) fixed on the central shaft (21) and a second sprocket (42) fixed on the transition shaft (3); power is transmitted between the first sprocket (41) and the second sprocket (42) through a chain (43).

3. Threshing system with counter-rotating screening drum according to claim 1, characterized in that the screening drum (1) is fixed with the second gear (52), the transition shaft (3) is fixed with the first gear (51), which first gear (51) is in corresponding engagement with the second gear (52).

4. Threshing system with counter-rotating screening drum according to claim 1, characterized in that the screening drum (1) is covered with a cover (7) above, the cover (7) being projected in the axial direction of the screening drum (1) in the shape of a narrow upper and a wide lower.

5. Threshing system with counter-rotating screening drum according to claim 1, characterized in that the screening drum (1) is provided with several groups of grass guiding assemblies (8) on its inner wall, each group of grass guiding assemblies (8) comprises several grass guiding plates (81) arranged in parallel, the two ends of the grass guiding plates (81) being staggered in the axial direction of the screening drum (1).

6. Threshing system with counter-rotating screening drum as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the screening drum (1) consists of a frame and groups of concave screen bodies (12).

7. Threshing system with counter-rotating screening drum according to claim 6, characterized in that the cross section of the intermediate connection plate (13) is U-shaped, comprising a bottom plate part and side plate parts on both sides, one pair of edges in the concave screen body (12) being connected to the side plate parts of the intermediate connection plate (13) and the other pair of edges being connected to the mounting ring (14).

8. Threshing system with counter-rotating screening drum according to claim 1, characterized in that the threshing drum (2) comprises several groups of threshing components (2A) arranged in a circumferential array around the central axis (21), each group of threshing components (2A) comprising a bar (22), on the front section of which bar (22) a short-grained bar (23) is fixed, on the rear section of which bar (22) a number of toothed bars (24) arranged in a linear array are fixed.