CN117987659A - Method and device for recycling metal aluminum in primary aluminum ash - Google Patents
Method and device for recycling metal aluminum in primary aluminum ash Download PDFInfo
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- CN117987659A CN117987659A CN202410290068.1A CN202410290068A CN117987659A CN 117987659 A CN117987659 A CN 117987659A CN 202410290068 A CN202410290068 A CN 202410290068A CN 117987659 A CN117987659 A CN 117987659A
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 207
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 195
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 6
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 1
- KCZFLPPCFOHPNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;iron Chemical compound [AlH3].[Fe] KCZFLPPCFOHPNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000040 hydrogen fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of recycling of waste resources in the aluminum industry, in particular to a method and a device for recycling metal aluminum in primary aluminum ash. The method comprises heating a furnace body; filling aluminum ash; stir-frying and melting; discharging aluminum water; pure oxygen is introduced; discharging residues; and recharging aluminum ash. The device includes that one end is articulated supporting base and support frame mutually, is provided with the furnace body on the supporting base, and the inside refractory material stove courage that is provided with of furnace body, the one end of furnace body is provided with fire door and bell, and the bell passes through the setting that furnace lid switch mechanism can open and shut in fire door department, is provided with the oxygen tube on the bell, and the furnace body outside is arranged in to the one end of oxygen tube, and the furnace body inside is arranged in to the other end of oxygen tube, and the other end of furnace body is provided with rotary mechanism, and the lower extreme of furnace body is provided with supplementary rotary mechanism. The invention uses the heat accumulation principle of the furnace pipe, only uses the natural gas for heating for the first time, uses a large amount of heat generated by the reaction of the metal aluminum and the oxygen to provide the heat required by heating the aluminum ash, saves more energy and can improve the recovery rate of the metal aluminum.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of recycling of waste resources in the aluminum industry, in particular to a method and a device for recycling metal aluminum in primary aluminum ash.
Background
The aluminum ash mainly results from the process of melting all aluminum, such as aluminum electrolysis and aluminum recycling. The sources generated in the aluminum ash can be classified into primary aluminum ash and secondary aluminum ash. The aluminum slag scraped from the smelting furnace is called primary aluminum ash, is off-white in appearance, is mainly a mixture of metal aluminum and aluminum oxide, has the metal aluminum content of 20-60%, and is usually subjected to aluminum extraction treatment because of high aluminum content. The secondary aluminum ash is waste after the primary aluminum ash extracts the metal aluminum, and in the process of extracting the metal aluminum from the primary aluminum ash, about 20% of ash frying agent is usually added to improve the recovery efficiency of the metal aluminum, wherein the main components of the ash frying agent are sulfur, iron aluminum powder, sodium nitrate, sodium fluosilicate, sodium sulfate and the like. After extracting the metal aluminum, the content of the metal aluminum in the secondary aluminum ash is obviously reduced, but the content of other substances is obviously increased, the components are complex, and after the secondary aluminum ash is contacted with water, aluminum nitride therein is easy to hydrolyze to generate ammonia gas with unpleasant smell to pollute the air, and fluoride is hydrolyzed to generate hydrogen fluoride to harm the human health. Chlorides and fluorides can attack equipment; the soluble chloride and fluoride in the wastewater are directly discharged, which causes serious environmental pollution.
The Chinese patent with the application number of CN202310849077.5 discloses a method and a device for refining aluminum ingots from aluminum ash, wherein the method comprises the steps of scraping aluminum slag in a smelting furnace into a reaction kettle; adding a slag frying agent and a combustion improver into the reaction kettle for mixing; transferring the reaction kettle into a reaction chamber for thermal reaction, and collecting flue gas generated in the heating reaction process for dust removal treatment; transferring the reaction kettle to an ash frying machine for ash frying, adding a slag frying agent for heating when the temperature is lower than 700 ℃, and adding a cold ash material for cooling when the temperature is higher than 900 ℃; pouring the secondary aluminum ash left in the reaction kettle out of the reaction kettle; the device is used for implementing the method for extracting the aluminum ingot from the aluminum ash, and comprises a smelting furnace, an ash frying machine, a screening device, a grinding device, a reaction chamber and a reaction kettle. According to the aluminum slag roasting device, after the slag roasting agent and the combustion improver are mixed into aluminum slag, the aluminum slag is put into a reaction chamber to be subjected to thermal reaction, and then ash roasting is performed after the temperature is raised, so that the thermal reaction is more complete, aluminum liquid and slag are easier to delaminate, the burning loss rate of aluminum is effectively reduced, and the recovery rate of aluminum is improved. However, on one hand, the slag frying agent and the combustion improver are mixed to carry out thermal reaction and then to fry ash, so that the problems that after extracting metal aluminum, the components in the secondary aluminum ash are complex and the content of other substances is increased exist; on the other hand, its reation kettle needs to transport to the reaction chamber earlier through fork truck, and transport to the ash frying machine again, and it is frequent to transport, and technological process is relatively complicated, and the work load is great to its temperature is relatively higher, also can have certain security risk in the transportation process, in addition, when carrying out the thermal reaction, its reaction chamber can hold a plurality of reation kettles simultaneously, the accommodation space is relatively great, only realizes relatively confined environment through the closing of rolling slats door, its sealed effect is not fine, the same ash frying machine opens or closes the access & exit of ash frying agent through the rolling slats door, also can face the problem that sealed effect is not good.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that after metal aluminum recovery efficiency is improved by adding an ash frying agent, the content of other substances is increased, a reaction kettle needs to be frequently transported, the process is complex, the safety risk exists, and the sealing effect is not very good in the prior art method.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for achieving the purpose is as follows: a method for recovering metallic aluminum in primary aluminum ash, comprising the following steps:
S1, heating a furnace body: heating the furnace liner of the heating furnace to 840-860 ℃ by using natural gas or electric energy, and raising the temperature in the furnace liner to enable the furnace liner to store a certain amount of heat energy;
S2, filling aluminum ash: when the temperature of the furnace hearth reaches 840-860 ℃, stopping heating the furnace hearth, opening a furnace cover, pouring primary aluminum ash to be treated into the furnace from a furnace mouth, covering the furnace cover, rotating the furnace body by a furnace body rotating mechanism, continuously stir-frying the aluminum ash in the furnace and carrying out contact heat exchange with the inner wall of the furnace hearth at high temperature, so that the temperature of the aluminum ash is gradually increased, and the temperature of the furnace hearth is gradually reduced;
S3, stir-frying and melting: when the aluminum ash is heated to 600 ℃, metal aluminum in the aluminum ash reaches a melting point, starts to melt into a liquid state, gradually gathers and accumulates at the bottom of the furnace, and when the temperature of the aluminum ash and the furnace pipe reaches 650 ℃, the temperature reaches balance, and no heat exchange exists;
s4, discharging aluminum water: opening a furnace cover, starting a heating furnace bottom turnover mechanism, adjusting the angle, pouring most molten aluminum in the furnace out of the furnace, using a special ingot casting container to contain the molten aluminum, and leaving the rest little molten aluminum in the furnace;
s5, introducing pure oxygen: after pouring aluminum water, covering a furnace cover, introducing pure oxygen into the furnace, and oxidizing the pure oxygen with the rest metal aluminum in the furnace to generate a great amount of heat, so that the temperature of the furnace liner in the furnace is raised to 840-860 ℃, and the reaction of the metal aluminum and the oxygen generates the heat equation as follows:
Al+3/4O2→1/2Al2O3-1632KJ/mol
S6, discharging residues: when the temperature of the furnace liner is raised to 840-860 ℃, the furnace cover is opened, a heating furnace bottom overturning mechanism is started, the angle is adjusted to pour out all the residual aluminum ash in the furnace, and the aluminum ash is contained by an ash bucket;
S7, recharging aluminum ash: and after all aluminum ash in the furnace is poured out, a new batch of aluminum ash is reloaded, and the temperature of the furnace liner is 840-860 ℃ at the moment, so that the next round of circulating operation can be carried out.
Further, in step S1, the furnace pipe of the heating furnace is made of a refractory material.
Further, in the step S2, the furnace body is in a sealed state in the process of being heated by the furnace liner, and when the pressure in the furnace is too high, a breather valve on the furnace body is opened to release the pressure, so that no overpressure in the furnace is ensured.
Further, in the step S4, 97% -97.5% of aluminum water in the furnace is poured out of the furnace and is contained in a special ingot casting container, 2% of aluminum water is left in the furnace to provide heat required by the next round of reaction, and 0.5% -1% of aluminum water is stained on aluminum ash or furnace wall and cannot be poured out.
Further, in step S5, the furnace body is kept rotating by the oxygen process, so that the oxygen fully contacts and reacts with the metal aluminum.
The other technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a retrieve device of metal aluminium in primary aluminium ash, includes supporting base and support frame, the one end of supporting base and support frame articulates mutually, is provided with the furnace body on the supporting base, and the inside refractory material stove courage that is provided with of furnace body, the one end of furnace body is provided with fire door and bell, the setting that the bell can open and shut is in fire door department through bell switch mechanism, and bell switch mechanism sets up the upper end at the furnace body, be provided with the oxygen tube on the bell, the one end of oxygen tube is arranged in the furnace body outside, and the other end of oxygen tube is arranged in the furnace body inside, and the other end of furnace body is provided with the rotary mechanism that can drive the furnace body and rotate, and the lower extreme of furnace body is provided with the auxiliary rotary mechanism that is used for assisting the furnace body rotation, the lower extreme of support frame is provided with the stores pylon, installs the pneumatic cylinder on the stores pylon, and the lower extreme at the supporting base is connected to the pneumatic cylinder.
Further, rotary mechanism includes support, motor and carousel, the support is installed on supporting the base, installs the motor on the support, and the output shaft and the carousel of motor are connected, the carousel is installed in the furnace body bottom.
Further, the auxiliary rotating mechanism comprises a supporting seat, the upper end of the supporting seat is provided with an arc end face, a plurality of rotating riding wheels are arranged on the arc end face and are arranged on the supporting seat through wheel brackets, and the rotating riding wheels are contacted with the outer wall of the furnace body.
Further, a thermocouple for measuring temperature is arranged in the furnace body.
Further, a breather valve is arranged at the upper end of the furnace body.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the method for recycling metal aluminum in the primary aluminum ash, the primary aluminum ash is indirectly heated by utilizing the heat storage principle of the furnace liner material of the heating furnace, natural gas or electric energy is only used for heating for the first time, and the principle that a great amount of heat is generated by the reaction of metal aluminum and oxygen at high temperature is utilized, so that after the primary aluminum ash extraction cycle is completed, the temperature of the furnace liner is raised again, further, a required heat source and heat are provided for heating the next aluminum ash, a furnace body is not required to be heated again, the design is ingenious, the process flow is relatively simple, the operation is convenient, and compared with the traditional mode that natural gas is used for heating every time the primary aluminum ash extraction cycle operation is completed, the indirect heating mode is more energy-saving and environment-friendly.
(2) According to the method for recycling the metal aluminum in the primary aluminum ash, disclosed by the invention, the ash frying agent is not required to be added in the process of extracting the metal aluminum, the secondary aluminum ash after aluminum ash is extracted does not contain harmful component aluminum nitride, the recycling range and possibility of the secondary aluminum ash can be enlarged, the cost is saved, and the generation amount of the secondary aluminum ash is reduced by 20%.
(3) The device for recycling the metal aluminum in the primary aluminum ash is sealed in the operation process of the heating furnace, and because the heating furnace has relatively small space and relatively good sealing property, the generation of the ineffective component aluminum oxide and the ineffective component aluminum nitride generated by the reaction of air and the metal aluminum is avoided, so that the recovery rate of the metal aluminum can be improved by more than 10 percent, after most molten aluminum water is discharged, pure oxygen can be filled into the furnace through the oxygen-introducing pipe, and the introduced oxygen can react with the residual metal aluminum in the furnace to generate a large amount of heat so as to provide heat for reheating the aluminum ash, thereby saving energy and improving the recovery efficiency.
(4) According to the device for recycling the metal aluminum in the primary aluminum ash, the thermocouple is arranged in the furnace to monitor the temperature, so that the control system can adjust the temperature in the furnace according to the detected data, the temperature in the furnace can be accurately controlled, the consumption of energy sources can be reduced, the breather valve is arranged at the upper end of the furnace body, the pressure in the furnace can be adjusted, the overpressure in the furnace is ensured, and the safe production is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an apparatus for recovering metallic aluminum from primary aluminum ash according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a structural application diagram of an apparatus for recovering metallic aluminum from primary aluminum ash according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a structural view of the auxiliary rotating mechanism of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the furnace comprises a support base, a support frame, a furnace body, a furnace liner, a furnace cover opening and closing mechanism, an oxygen pipe, a rotating mechanism, a support seat, a motor, a turntable, an auxiliary rotating mechanism, a supporting seat, a rotary riding wheel, a wheel axle bracket, a respiratory valve, a hanging frame, a hydraulic cylinder and a thermocouple.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples, but the present invention is not limited to the specific examples.
The device for recycling metal aluminum in primary aluminum ash shown in fig. 1-3 comprises a supporting base 1 and a supporting frame 2, wherein the supporting base 1 is hinged with one end of the supporting frame 2, a furnace body 3 is arranged on the supporting base 1, a furnace liner 4 in the furnace body 3 is made of refractory materials, one end of the furnace body 3 is provided with a furnace mouth and a furnace cover 5, the furnace cover 5 is arranged at the furnace mouth in an openable manner through a furnace cover switch mechanism 6, the furnace cover switch mechanism 6 is arranged at the upper end of the furnace body 3, an oxygen-introducing pipe 7 is arranged on the furnace cover 5, one end of the oxygen-introducing pipe 7 is arranged outside the furnace body 3, the other end of the oxygen-introducing pipe 7 is arranged in the furnace body 3, the other end of the furnace body 3 is provided with a rotating mechanism 8 capable of driving the furnace body 3 to rotate, the rotating mechanism 8 comprises a support 81, a motor 82 and a turntable 83, the support 81 is arranged on the supporting base 1, an output shaft of the motor 82 is connected with the turntable 83, and the turntable 83 is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body 3 and can be brought into the furnace body 3 for rotation through the rotating mechanism 8; the lower end of the furnace body 3 is provided with an auxiliary rotating mechanism 9 for assisting the rotation of the furnace body 3, the auxiliary rotating mechanism 9 comprises a supporting seat 91, the upper end of the supporting seat 91 is provided with an arc end face, a plurality of rotating riding wheels 92 are arranged on the arc end face, the rotating riding wheels 92 are arranged on the supporting seat 91 through wheel brackets 93, the rotating riding wheels 92 are contacted with the outer wall of the furnace body 3, and the lower end of the furnace body 3 is provided with the auxiliary rotating mechanism 9, so that the furnace body 3 can be supported on one hand, and the rotation of the furnace body 3 can be assisted on the other hand; the lower extreme of support frame 2 is provided with stores pylon 11, installs pneumatic cylinder 12 on the stores pylon 11, and the hydraulic stem of pneumatic cylinder 12 is connected in the lower extreme of supporting base 1.
Preferably, a thermocouple 13 for measuring temperature is arranged in the furnace body 3, and in order to ensure accurate control of the temperature in the furnace, the thermocouple 13 is arranged in the furnace to monitor the temperature, so that a control system can adjust the temperature in the furnace according to detected data, and energy consumption is reduced.
Preferably, the upper end of the furnace body 3 is provided with a breather valve 10, so that the pressure in the furnace can be regulated, the overpressure in the furnace is avoided, and the safe production is ensured.
The invention discloses a method for recycling metal aluminum in primary aluminum ash, which comprises the following steps:
s1, heating a furnace body: the furnace liner 4 of the heating furnace is heated to 840-860 ℃ by using natural gas or electric energy, the furnace liner 4 of the heating furnace is made of refractory materials with higher heat resistance and strong heat storage, the heat stored in the furnace liner 4 is calculated and installed by design, and primary aluminum ash at normal temperature can be heated to about 650 ℃, and the process is to enable the furnace liner 4 in the furnace chamber to store a certain amount of heat energy by raising the temperature;
S2, filling aluminum ash: when the temperature of the furnace liner 4 reaches 840-860 ℃, stopping heating the furnace liner 4, opening a furnace cover 5, pouring primary aluminum ash to be treated into the furnace from a furnace mouth, covering the furnace cover 5, rotating the furnace body by a furnace body rotating mechanism 8, continuously stir-frying the aluminum ash in the furnace and carrying out contact heat exchange with the inner wall of the high-temperature furnace liner 4, gradually increasing the temperature of the aluminum ash, gradually reducing the temperature of the furnace liner 4, and keeping the furnace body 3 in a sealed state in the process of heating the aluminum ash by the furnace liner 4, so as to prevent external air from entering and reacting with metal aluminum, and when the pressure in the furnace is too high, opening a breather valve 10 on the furnace body 3 to release pressure, thereby ensuring that the inside of the furnace is not overpressurized;
S3, stir-frying and melting: when the aluminum ash is heated to 600 ℃, metal aluminum in the aluminum ash reaches a melting point, starts to melt into a liquid state, gradually gathers and accumulates at the bottom of the furnace, and when the temperature of the aluminum ash and the furnace pipe reaches 650 ℃, the temperature reaches balance, and no heat exchange exists;
s4, discharging aluminum water: opening a furnace cover 5, starting a hydraulic cylinder 12, adjusting the angle of a supporting base 1, pouring about 97% -97.5% of molten aluminum in the furnace out of the furnace, and using a special ingot casting container to contain the aluminum, wherein about 2% of the aluminum is left in the furnace for reacting with oxygen, so as to provide the heat required by the next round, and about 0.5% -1% of metal aluminum is stained on aluminum ash or a furnace wall and cannot be poured out;
S5, introducing pure oxygen: after pouring aluminum water, covering a furnace cover 5, introducing pure oxygen into the furnace, and keeping the furnace body 3 rotating in the oxygen introducing process, so that the oxygen is fully contacted with metal aluminum for reaction, the pure oxygen is subjected to oxidation reaction with the metal aluminum which cannot be poured out of the furnace to generate a large amount of heat, the temperature of the furnace liner 4 in the furnace is raised to 840-860 ℃, and the reaction between the metal aluminum and the oxygen generates the following heat equation:
Al+3/4O2→1/2Al2O3-1632KJ/mol
s6, discharging residues: when the temperature of the furnace liner 4 is raised to 840-860 ℃, the furnace cover 5 is opened, the hydraulic cylinder 12 is started, the angle of the support base 1 is adjusted, and all the residual aluminum ash in the furnace is poured out and contained by an ash bucket;
S7, recharging aluminum ash: after all aluminum ash in the furnace is poured out, a new batch of aluminum ash is reloaded, at the moment, the temperature of the furnace liner is 840-860 ℃, the next round of circulation operation can be carried out, the heating source for the circulation operation process of heating and extracting aluminum for the aluminum ash for the first time is provided by the heat generated by the reaction of oxygen and the residual metal aluminum in the aluminum ash, and no additional external heat supply is needed.
According to the method for recycling the metal aluminum in the primary aluminum ash, the heat storage principle of the furnace liner material of the heating furnace is utilized to indirectly heat the primary aluminum ash, natural gas or electric energy is only used for heating for the first time, the principle that a great amount of heat is generated by the reaction of the metal aluminum and oxygen at high temperature is utilized, after the primary aluminum ash extraction cycle is completed, the temperature of the furnace liner in the furnace is raised again, further a needed heat source and heat are provided for heating the next aluminum ash, a furnace body is not required to be heated again, the design is ingenious, the process flow is relatively simple, the operation is convenient, compared with the traditional method that natural gas is used for heating each time when the primary aluminum ash extraction cycle operation is completed, the indirect heating method is more energy-saving and environment-friendly, no ash stir-frying agent is needed in the process of extracting the metal aluminum, the secondary aluminum ash after aluminum ash extraction does not contain harmful components aluminum nitride, the secondary aluminum ash can expand the recycling range and the possibility, the cost is saved, and the generation amount of the secondary aluminum ash is reduced by 20%.
The device for recycling the metal aluminum in the primary aluminum ash is sealed in the operation process of the heating furnace, and because the heating furnace has relatively small space and relatively good sealing property, the generation of the ineffective component aluminum oxide and the ineffective component aluminum nitride generated by the reaction of air and the metal aluminum is avoided, so that the recovery rate of the metal aluminum can be improved by more than 10 percent, after most molten aluminum water is discharged, pure oxygen can be filled into the furnace through the oxygen-introducing pipe, and the introduced oxygen can react with the residual metal aluminum in the furnace to generate a large amount of heat so as to provide heat for reheating the aluminum ash, thereby saving energy and improving the recovery efficiency.
The above is a further detailed description of the present invention in connection with the preferred embodiments, and it should not be construed that the invention is limited to the specific embodiments. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be simply put forth and substituted without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for recycling metal aluminum in primary aluminum ash is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
S1, heating a furnace body: heating the furnace liner of the heating furnace to 840-860 ℃ by using natural gas or electric energy, and raising the temperature in the furnace liner to enable the furnace liner to store a certain amount of heat energy;
S2, filling aluminum ash: when the temperature of the furnace hearth reaches 840-860 ℃, stopping heating the furnace hearth, opening a furnace cover, pouring primary aluminum ash to be treated into the furnace from a furnace mouth, covering the furnace cover, rotating the furnace body by a furnace body rotating mechanism, continuously stir-frying the aluminum ash in the furnace and carrying out contact heat exchange with the inner wall of the furnace hearth at high temperature, so that the temperature of the aluminum ash is gradually increased, and the temperature of the furnace hearth is gradually reduced;
S3, stir-frying and melting: when the aluminum ash is heated to 600 ℃, metal aluminum in the aluminum ash reaches a melting point, starts to melt into a liquid state, gradually gathers and accumulates at the bottom of the furnace, and when the temperature of the aluminum ash and the furnace pipe reaches 650 ℃, the temperature reaches balance, and no heat exchange exists;
s4, discharging aluminum water: opening a furnace cover, starting a heating furnace bottom turnover mechanism, adjusting the angle, pouring most molten aluminum in the furnace out of the furnace, using a special ingot casting container to contain the molten aluminum, and leaving the rest little molten aluminum in the furnace;
s5, introducing pure oxygen: after pouring aluminum water, covering a furnace cover, introducing pure oxygen into the furnace, and oxidizing the pure oxygen with the rest metal aluminum in the furnace to generate a great amount of heat, so that the temperature of the furnace liner in the furnace is raised to 840-860 ℃, and the reaction of the metal aluminum and the oxygen generates the heat equation as follows:
Al+3/4O2→1/2Al2O3-1632KJ/mol
S6, discharging residues: when the temperature of the furnace liner is raised to 840-860 ℃, the furnace cover is opened, a heating furnace bottom overturning mechanism is started, the angle is adjusted to pour out all the residual aluminum ash in the furnace, and the aluminum ash is contained by an ash bucket;
S7, recharging aluminum ash: and after all aluminum ash in the furnace is poured out, a new batch of aluminum ash is reloaded, and the temperature of the furnace liner is 840-860 ℃ at the moment, so that the next round of circulating operation can be carried out.
2. A method for recovering metallic aluminum from primary aluminum ash as defined in claim 1, wherein: in step S1, the furnace pipe of the heating furnace is made of refractory materials.
3. A method for recovering metallic aluminum from primary aluminum ash as defined in claim 1, wherein: in the step S2, the furnace body is in a sealed state in the process of being heated by the furnace liner, and when the pressure in the furnace is too high, a breather valve on the furnace body is opened to release the pressure, so that the overpressure in the furnace is ensured.
4. A method for recovering metallic aluminum from primary aluminum ash as defined in claim 1, wherein: in the step S4, 97% -97.5% of aluminum water in the furnace is poured out of the special ingot casting container for external use, 2% of aluminum water is left in the furnace to provide heat required by the next round of reaction, and 0.5% -1% of aluminum water is stained on aluminum ash or furnace wall and cannot be poured out.
5. A method for recovering metallic aluminum from primary aluminum ash as defined in claim 1, wherein: in step S5, the furnace body is kept rotating in the oxygen process, so that oxygen fully contacts and reacts with metal aluminum.
6. An apparatus for use in the method for recovering metallic aluminum from primary aluminum ash according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: including supporting base and support frame, the one end of supporting base and support frame articulates mutually, is provided with the furnace body on the supporting base, and the inside refractory material stove courage that is provided with of furnace body, the one end of furnace body is provided with fire door and bell, the setting that the bell can open and shut through bell switch gear is in fire door department, and bell switch gear sets up the upper end at the furnace body, be provided with the oxygen tube on the bell, the outside of furnace body is arranged in to the one end of oxygen tube, and the other end of oxygen tube is arranged in the furnace body inside, and the other end of furnace body is provided with the rotary mechanism that can drive the furnace body and rotate, and the lower extreme of furnace body is provided with the auxiliary rotary mechanism who is used for assisting the furnace body rotation, the lower extreme of support frame is provided with the stores pylon, installs the pneumatic cylinder on the stores pylon, and the lower extreme at the supporting base is connected to the hydraulic stem of pneumatic cylinder.
7. The apparatus for recovering aluminum metal from primary aluminum ash as defined in claim 6, wherein: the rotary mechanism comprises a support, a motor and a turntable, wherein the support is arranged on a supporting base, the motor is arranged on the support, an output shaft of the motor is connected with the turntable, and the turntable is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body.
8. The apparatus for recovering aluminum metal from primary aluminum ash as defined in claim 6, wherein: the auxiliary rotating mechanism comprises a supporting seat, the upper end of the supporting seat is provided with an arc end face, a plurality of rotating riding wheels are arranged on the arc end face and are arranged on the supporting seat through wheel brackets, and the rotating riding wheels are contacted with the outer wall of the furnace body.
9. The apparatus for recovering aluminum metal from primary aluminum ash as defined in claim 6, wherein: a thermocouple for measuring temperature is arranged in the furnace body.
10. The apparatus for recovering aluminum metal from primary aluminum ash as defined in claim 6, wherein: the upper end of the furnace body is provided with a breather valve.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410290068.1A CN117987659A (en) | 2024-03-14 | 2024-03-14 | Method and device for recycling metal aluminum in primary aluminum ash |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202410290068.1A CN117987659A (en) | 2024-03-14 | 2024-03-14 | Method and device for recycling metal aluminum in primary aluminum ash |
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| CN117987659A true CN117987659A (en) | 2024-05-07 |
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| CN202410290068.1A Pending CN117987659A (en) | 2024-03-14 | 2024-03-14 | Method and device for recycling metal aluminum in primary aluminum ash |
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