CN117977961A - Energy distribution method for single-inductor multi-output direct current-direct current converter - Google Patents
Energy distribution method for single-inductor multi-output direct current-direct current converter Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present disclosure provides an energy distribution method for a single-inductor multiple-output dc-dc converter, comprising: the inductance is controlled by the inductance energy generation framework to extract energy from the input unit, so that inductance current is obtained; outputting inductance current one by one along a plurality of output branches according to an initial setting rule by controlling a switch group at an output side; detecting the step response state of each output branch in real time; and adjusting the initial setting rule according to the step response state, so that distribution of the inductance current is better completed, and cross adjustment among output channels under load jump is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of electronic equipment, and in particular relates to an energy distribution method of a single-inductor multi-output direct current-direct current converter.
Background
The ultra-compact size and low material cost provide a very suitable solution for space-limited wearable devices, headsets, internet of things and other battery-powered small consumer electronic devices. The use of an inductor in a power management chip to provide multiple output voltages is a very potential solution. But the use of an inductance increases the complexity of the circuit control. In addition to controlling the energy transferred by the inductor, the distribution of this energy to each output is also controlled. The power stage of a multi-output converter can be divided into two parts, energy generation and energy distribution. At large total loads, the inductor needs to provide a very large current. In this case, higher efficiency can be obtained by continuously operating the inductor in a continuous conduction state. However, if the inductor is continuously on, this means that there is no case where all the switches that distribute energy on the output side are all off, because if all are off, the inductor current cannot freewheel, resulting in an extremely high voltage on one side of the inductor, which breaks down the switch. The distribution between each output must be closely connected. Under severe transient jump, the duty cycle of each path can be changed drastically, so that the output of each path is adjusted in a relatively large cross manner. Especially in the case of large load currents, small variations in the duty cycle can lead to severe jitter in the output voltage. The existing control method cannot accurately modulate the energy output by each path under the severe duty ratio change.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above-mentioned problems, the present disclosure provides an energy distribution method of a single-inductor multi-output dc-dc converter, so as to alleviate the above-mentioned technical problems in the prior art.
Technical scheme (one)
The present disclosure provides an energy distribution method for a single-inductor multiple-output dc-dc converter, comprising: the inductance is controlled by the inductance energy generation framework to extract energy from the input unit, so that inductance current is obtained; outputting inductance current one by one along a plurality of output branches according to an initial setting rule by controlling a switch group at an output side; detecting the step response state of each output branch in real time; and adjusting the initial setting rule according to the step response state, so that distribution of the inductance current is better completed, and cross adjustment among output channels under load jump is reduced.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the initial setting rule includes sequentially outputting inductor currents one by one along the plurality of output branches in a sequential order within the setting period.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the initial setting rule further includes sequentially outputting inductor currents one by one along the plurality of output branches in a fixed order within the setting period.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, when the step response abnormality of the load of a certain output branch is detected, the energy distribution sequence of the output branch is adjusted.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the step response state is determined by detecting the degree of variation of the output voltage of each output branch.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, when a ripple is detected when a fluctuation of an output voltage of an output leg reaches or exceeds a steady state, a load step response abnormality of the output leg is determined.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, adjusting the initial setting rule according to the step response state includes: when it is determined that the step response state is abnormal, the inductor current output order in the initial setting rule is changed.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, adjusting the initial setting rule according to the step response state includes: when the abnormal state of the step response is judged, changing the output sequence of the inductive current in the initial setting rule, skipping or compressing the output time of the output branch circuit with the abnormal state of the step response, and adjusting the output time to the output branch circuit with the next priority in the initial setting rule for outputting.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, adjusting the initial setting rule according to the step response state further includes: and after the other output branches finish inductor current output, continuously adjusting the residual time in the set period to the output branch with abnormal previous step response state for output.
(II) advantageous effects
According to the technical scheme, the energy distribution method of the single-inductor multi-output direct current-direct current converter has at least one or a part of the following beneficial effects:
(1) The energy is distributed in a sequence changing manner;
(2) Changing the order of energy distribution per output branch channel within a fixed period increases the priority of the output where no transients occur, ensuring low crossover adjustment.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the circuit configuration of a single-inductor multiple-output (SIMO) dc-dc converter.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of an energy distribution method of a single-inductor multiple-output dc-dc converter according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an energy distribution method of a conventional single-inductor multi-output dc-dc converter.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the energy output result of a conventional single-inductor three-way output dc-dc converter.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an energy distribution method of a single-inductor multiple-output dc-dc converter according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the energy output result of a single-inductor three-output dc-dc converter according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
Detailed Description
The control method can realize adjustment of an energy distribution sequence when a load is in transient jump, and the channel in the transient jump is adjusted to the back of the energy distribution sequence, so that charge supply of the channel without the transient is preferentially ensured. Therefore, the control strategy for the variable-order energy distribution is provided, and the cross adjustment among all channels is effectively reduced.
As shown in fig. 1, in a Single Inductor Multiple Output (SIMO) DC-DC converter, inductor current I L controls the interlocking of switches S P and S N by a control circuit, thereby controlling the energy extracted by the inductor from input unit V IN. The inductor current I L is distributed to each output branch (N 1、N2、…Ni) through a switch (S 1、S2、…Si) in each output branch on the output side according to a fixed sequence, so as to charge an output capacitor (C 1、C2、…Ci) in each output branch, and provide an output voltage (V 1、V2、…Vi) for a load on each output branch, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, for example, the switch S 1 is closed, other switches are opened, and the inductor current flows to the output branch corresponding to the switch S 1; next, the switch S 2 is closed, the other switches are opened, and the inductor current flows to the output branch corresponding to the switch S 2; according to a preset sequence, until the switch S i is closed, other switches are opened, and the inductor current flows to the output branch corresponding to the switch S i. After one setting period is finished, the next setting period is entered, and the process is repeated continuously.
An example of a single-inductor three-output branch is given in conjunction with fig. 1 and 4, where it can be observed that the first output branch N 1 can effectively complete energy distribution due to its high priority, without any jitter in the output voltage V 1. However, the load current of the second output branch N2 jumps every 100ns, and the energy distribution of the second output branch N2 occupies most of the time in a set period or even a complete period because the energy distribution of the second output branch N2 has a higher priority than the third output branch N 3. This will result in the third output leg N 3 with low energy allocation priority not having time to allocate energy, the fast step response of the second output leg N2 will result in the energy allocation occupying the remaining time, and the time of the energy allocation to the third output leg N 3 in the initial set up rule being fully occupied. The output voltage V 3 of the third output branch N 3 drops down due to the large ripple caused by the cross-over between the output branches. The energy required for the low priority channels must be accurately predicted in advance in the current SIMO design for sequential energy allocation, and the cross-regulation problem cannot be avoided on the non-side. Such accurate predictions require either extremely large digital circuit computational effort, or extremely accurate analog circuit design.
Accordingly, the present disclosure proposes a method of varying order energy distribution for a SIMO converter. The energy distribution method can greatly relieve cross adjustment under the condition of large load jump.
For the purposes of promoting an understanding of the principles and advantages of the disclosure, reference will now be made to the embodiments illustrated in the drawings and specific language will be used to describe the same.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided an energy distribution method of a single-inductor multi-output dc-dc converter, as shown in fig. 2 and 1, including:
Operation S1: the inductor L is controlled by an inductor energy generating framework to extract energy from the input unit V IN, so that an inductor current I L is obtained;
operation S2: outputting inductive current one by one along a plurality of output branches according to an initial setting rule by controlling a switch group (S 1、S2、…Si) at the output side;
operation S3: detecting the step response state of each output branch in real time; and
Operation S4: and adjusting the initial setting rule according to the step response state, and better completing distribution of the inductive current so as to reduce cross adjustment among output channels under load jump.
Optionally, the inductive energy generating architecture is selected from a Buck architecture, a Buck-Boost architecture, or a Boost architecture; for example, fig. 1 shows a Buck architecture including a first switch disposed between an input unit and an inductor and a second switch disposed between the inductor and ground. It should be noted that the inductance energy generating structure may be a structure capable of generating energy by inductance other than a Buck structure, a Buck-Boost structure or a Boost structure, and the disclosure is not limited thereto.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the inductive energy generating architecture and the switch group work under the action of a control command signal sent by the control circuit.
Optionally, the initial setting rule includes outputting inductor currents sequentially one by one along the plurality of output branches (N 1、N2、…Ni) in sequential order within a set period; for example, the inductor current I L is output sequentially one by one along the output branch N 1、N2、…Ni-1、Ni.
Optionally, the initial setting rule further includes sequentially outputting inductor currents one by one along the plurality of output branches in a fixed order within the setting period. For example, energy is distributed along the first output branch and the third output branch, and then energy is distributed along the second output branch and the fourth output branch.
Through the above energy distribution, the output capacitors (C 1、C2、…Ci) may be respectively charged, as shown in fig. 1, each output branch may be connected to a corresponding load, for example, the load may be a core chip in a Central Processing Unit (CPU), and when the load works, each output capacitor provides an output voltage (V 1、V2、…Vi) to the load corresponding to each output branch.
Optionally, detecting the step response state of each output leg in real time includes determining the step response state by detecting a degree of change in the output voltage of each output leg.
Optionally, the output leg load step response anomaly is determined when a ripple is detected when the fluctuation of the output voltage of the output leg reaches or exceeds a steady state.
Alternatively, the output branch step response anomaly is determined when the detected fluctuation of the output voltage of the output branch reaches or exceeds 2 times the ripple at steady state.
Alternatively, the output branch step response anomaly is determined when the detected fluctuation of the output voltage of the output branch reaches or exceeds 1 time of the ripple at steady state.
Optionally, adjusting the initial setting rule according to the step response state includes: when the abnormal state of the step response is judged, the output sequence of the inductive current in the initial setting rule in each output branch is changed.
Optionally, adjusting the initial setting rule according to the step response state includes: when the abnormal state of the step response is judged, changing the output sequence of the inductive current in the initial setting rule in each output branch, skipping or compressing the output time of the output branch with the abnormal state of the step response, and adjusting the output time to the output branch with the next priority in the initial setting rule for output.
Optionally, adjusting the initial setting rule according to the step response state further includes: and after the other output branches finish inductor current output, continuously adjusting the residual time in the set period to the output branch with abnormal previous step response state for output.
The present disclosure proposes a permuted energy distribution strategy for a SIMO converter. The energy distribution strategy can greatly relieve cross adjustment under large load jump. After all output branches (N 1～Ni) have been allocated for a fixed period, if there is time remaining, the output branches for which transients have occurred are reallocated during that period or during multiple periods. As shown in fig. 5, taking one-way occurrence transients as an example, an allocation policy is given. After all output branches have been allocated for a fixed period, if there is time remaining, they are allocated to the output node N k of an output branch where a transient occurs, where k is one of 1-i. In steady state, each pair of output branches of the converter is defaulted to distribute energy according to the sequence in the initial set rule for charging. The converter may automatically change the energy distribution order in accordance with the distribution strategy when a transient occurs. The converter will first suppress the charge time of the output where the transient occurs, thereby ensuring that the lower priority output has sufficient time to complete charge control. The remaining time is then redistributed to the output where the transient occurred, ensuring that transient response performance is not affected. Unlike the previous sequential energy distribution method, the sequential energy distribution method always prioritizes the path where the transient occurs, regardless of whether other outputs need energy at a later time, so that the priority is low (or the priority is later) and cannot be satisfied. While the present disclosure places all potentially affected outputs at a higher priority and completes charge distribution in a fixed period, thereby greatly mitigating cross-regulation. Fig. 6 also shows an example of the single-inductor three-output branch, which is identical to the test condition of fig. 4, and the load current corresponding to the second output branch N 2 jumps every 100ns by 2A, so that the voltage fluctuation of the second output branch N2 reaches or exceeds the ripple wave when the steady state, and the step response abnormality of the output branch is determined. Therefore, the energy distribution of the second output branch N 2 is immediately finished, and the energy distribution is adjusted to the third output branch N 3, so that the third output branch effectively completes the energy distribution, and the output voltage jitter meets the requirement; it should be noted that, according to the difference of the configuration parameters of the devices in the actual converter or the difference of the actual application scenarios of the converter, the step response abnormality of the output branch can be determined when the fluctuation of the output voltage of the output branch reaches or exceeds the steady state; or the abnormal step response of the output branch can be judged when the fluctuation of the output voltage of the output branch reaches or exceeds 0.1 times, or 0.2 times, or 0.5 times, or 2 times, or 3 times of the steady-state ripple; or when the load of one output branch is about to run, the related control circuit can know that the load step abnormality of the output branch is about to happen in advance through detection, so that the distribution sequence in the variable initial setting rule is adjusted. By adopting the variable-order energy distribution strategy provided by the present disclosure, comparison can find that compared with the sequential energy distribution, the cross adjustment voltage of the scheme is reduced from approximately 200mV to a level similar to steady-state ripple.
The present disclosure proposes a method of sequential energy distribution based on sequential energy distribution. When the load is in transient jump, the control method can realize the adjustment of the energy distribution sequence, and the channel in transient jump is adjusted to the back of the energy distribution sequence, so that the charge supply of the channel branch without transient is preferentially ensured. Therefore, the control strategy for the variable-order energy distribution is provided, and the cross adjustment among all channels is effectively reduced.
Thus, embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, in the drawings or the text of the specification, implementations not shown or described are all forms known to those of ordinary skill in the art, and not described in detail. Furthermore, the above definitions of the elements and methods are not limited to the specific structures, shapes or modes mentioned in the embodiments, and may be simply modified or replaced by those of ordinary skill in the art.
From the above description, a person skilled in the art should clearly know the energy distribution method of the single-inductor multiple-output dc-dc converter of the present disclosure.
In summary, the present disclosure provides an energy distribution method for a single-inductor multi-output dc-dc converter, which realizes the sequencing distribution of energy. In a fixed period, the energy distribution sequence of each channel is changed, the priority of the output without transient is improved, and low cross adjustment is ensured.
It should also be noted that the foregoing describes various embodiments of the present disclosure. These examples are provided to illustrate the technical content of the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the scope of the claims of the present disclosure. A feature of one embodiment may be applied to other embodiments by suitable modifications, substitutions, combinations, and separations.
It should be noted that in this document, having "an" element is not limited to having a single element, but may have one or more elements unless specifically indicated.
In addition, unless specifically stated otherwise, herein, "first," "second," etc. are used for distinguishing between multiple elements having the same name and not for indicating a level, a hierarchy, an order of execution, or a sequence of processing. A "first" element may occur together with a "second" element in the same component, or may occur in different components. The presence of an element with a larger ordinal number does not necessarily indicate the presence of another element with a smaller ordinal number.
In this context, the so-called feature A "or" (or) or "and/or" (and/or) feature B, unless specifically indicated, refers to the presence of B alone, or both A and B; the feature A "and" (and) or "AND" (and) or "and" (and) feature B, means that the nail and the B coexist; the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and "containing" are intended to be inclusive and not limited to.
Furthermore, unless specifically described or steps must occur in sequence, the order of the above steps is not limited to the list above and may be changed or rearranged according to the desired design. In addition, the above embodiments may be mixed with each other or other embodiments based on design and reliability, i.e. the technical features of the different embodiments may be freely combined to form more embodiments.
While the foregoing embodiments have been described in some detail for purposes of clarity of understanding, it will be understood that the foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention, and that any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. that fall within the spirit and principles of the present disclosure are intended to be included within the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (9)
1. An energy distribution method of a single-inductor multi-output DC-DC converter, comprising:
the inductance is controlled by the inductance energy generation framework to extract energy from the input unit, so that inductance current is obtained;
outputting inductance current one by one along a plurality of output branches according to an initial setting rule by controlling a switch group at an output side;
Detecting the step response state of each output branch in real time; and
And adjusting the initial setting rule according to the step response state, and better completing distribution of the inductive current so as to reduce cross adjustment among output channels under load jump.
2. The method for power distribution of a single inductor multiple output dc-dc converter according to claim 1, wherein the initial set rule includes outputting inductor current sequentially one by one along the plurality of output branches in sequential order within a set period.
3. The method for power distribution of a single inductor multiple output dc-dc converter according to claim 1, wherein the initial set rule further comprises sequentially outputting inductor currents one by one along the plurality of output branches in a fixed order during a set period.
4. The method for power distribution of a single inductor multiple output dc-dc converter according to claim 1, wherein the power distribution order of an output branch is adjusted when a step response abnormality of the load of the output branch is detected.
5. The method for power distribution of a single inductor multiple output dc-dc converter according to claim 4, wherein the step response state is determined by detecting a degree of variation of the output voltage of each output branch.
6. The method for power distribution of a single inductor multiple output dc-dc converter according to claim 5, wherein the output branch load step response anomaly is determined when a ripple is detected when the output voltage of the output branch fluctuates to or beyond a steady state.
7. The method of energy distribution for a single inductor multiple output dc-dc converter according to any one of claims 1-4, the adjusting the initial setting rule according to the step response state comprising: when it is determined that the step response state is abnormal, the inductor current output order in the initial setting rule is changed.
8. The method of energy distribution for a single inductor multiple output dc-dc converter according to any one of claims 1-4, the adjusting the initial setting rule according to the step response state comprising: when the abnormal state of the step response is judged, changing the output sequence of the inductive current in the initial setting rule, skipping or compressing the output time of the output branch circuit with the abnormal state of the step response, and adjusting the output time to the output branch circuit with the next priority in the initial setting rule for outputting.
9. The method of energy distribution for a single inductor, multiple output dc-dc converter of claim 8, the adjusting the initial set rule according to the step response state further comprising: and after the other output branches finish inductor current output, continuously adjusting the residual time in the set period to the output branch with abnormal previous step response state for output.
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