CN1179741A - Method of manufacturing cylinder liner for piston engine, and cylinder liner - Google Patents
Method of manufacturing cylinder liner for piston engine, and cylinder liner Download PDFInfo
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- CN1179741A CN1179741A CN96192881A CN96192881A CN1179741A CN 1179741 A CN1179741 A CN 1179741A CN 96192881 A CN96192881 A CN 96192881A CN 96192881 A CN96192881 A CN 96192881A CN 1179741 A CN1179741 A CN 1179741A
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- Prior art keywords
- lining
- trough
- zone
- plane
- cylinder liner
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P9/00—Treating or finishing surfaces mechanically, with or without calibrating, primarily to resist wear or impact, e.g. smoothing or roughening turbine blades or bearings; Features of such surfaces not otherwise provided for, their treatment being unspecified
- B23P9/02—Treating or finishing by applying pressure, e.g. knurling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/18—Other cylinders
- F02F1/20—Other cylinders characterised by constructional features providing for lubrication
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P9/00—Treating or finishing surfaces mechanically, with or without calibrating, primarily to resist wear or impact, e.g. smoothing or roughening turbine blades or bearings; Features of such surfaces not otherwise provided for, their treatment being unspecified
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B39/00—Burnishing machines or devices, i.e. requiring pressure members for compacting the surface zone; Accessories therefor
- B24B39/02—Burnishing machines or devices, i.e. requiring pressure members for compacting the surface zone; Accessories therefor designed for working internal surfaces of revolution
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
- F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
- F02B2075/025—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle two
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
- F02F2007/0097—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames for large diesel engines
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Drilling And Boring (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
A cylinder liner (1) for a piston engine, such as a large two-stroke crosshead engine, has a running surface for the piston rings on the inner surface (7) of the liner. The cylinder liner has an internal diameter in the interval from 25 cm to 100 cm and a length in the interval from 100 cm to 400 cm. The running surface is established first by cutting a wave pattern having a difference in levels (h) between the wave crests and troughs of at least 0.005 mm into the inner surface with at least one cutting tool having a curved cutting edge. Then the wave crests are removed, without using honing, by plastic compression of at least 0.004 mm of their height into said substantially plane areas (18), so that the bottom of the wave troughs (17) after the compression is at a level at least 0.001 mm lower than these areas. In longitudinal section the inner surface (7) of the finished liner (1) has a partially wave-shaped surface in which the wave troughs (17) are separated by substantially plane areas (18).
Description
The present invention relates to make for example method of the cylinder liner of large-scale two-stroke crosshead engine of piston-mode motor, in this method in the following ways at the slipsurface that is formed for piston ring on the inner surface of lining: at first adopt on the inner surface of at least one cutting tool at lining and cut waveform configuration with curve cutting edge, this waveform configuration has the difference in height of 0.005mm at least between crest and trough, at least from this waveform configuration, remove crest at the slipsurface place of the most close top land dead-centre position then, make the inner surface of the lining that on the longitudinal cross-section, performs have incomplete waved surface, in this waved surface, trough is separated by the zone that is the plane substantially.
A kind of cylinder liner of making in this way of Deutsche Bundespatent No.683262 explanation, wherein the crest in waveform configuration is removed by the inner surface of honing lining.This method requires lining is transferred on the new fixed position of honing machine from a machining set-up that makes inner surface cut waveform configuration.In addition, honing itself is a kind of expense manufacturing process big and consuming time, and in honing processing, the head with some honing stones passes lining when rotating, and honing stone grinds off the material on the crest thus.Special under the situation of large-scale cylinder liner, it is very big being equipped with the honing machine investment.
Swiss Patent No.342409 illustrates a kind of cylinder liner, in this patent, is formed for the slipsurface of piston ring by cut waveform configuration on the inner surface of lining on this inner surface.This lining is called ripple and cuts lining, and this waveform configuration is normally spiral, and cutting element advances with the longitudinal direction of certain speed along lining when lining rotates.The said advantage of Swiss Patent is that groove is assembled lubricating oil, thereby oily nest occurs, this favourable lubrication of working between plug ring and the sleeve inner surface.
This on sleeve inner surface, carry out Bo Qie and form the waveform configuration that vertically is connected along lining its to make advantage be that inner surface is without honing, because ripple is cut the internal diameter size that processing can be worked into lining requirement.When lining is worked, piston ring will grind off crest, thereby form plane domain between trough, but piston ring also is worn at the same time.
The development of large-scale two-stroke engine with outside guide always increases the power output of cylinder, has therefore also increased EMP.Its cylinder output of engine of making reaches 5 recently, and 700kw, EMP are 18.2 crust.This has proposed very high requirement to piston ring and cylinder liner, because pass the pressure reduction of piston ring and the contact force of piston ring and sleeve inner surface becomes very big.Therefore the inner surface as lining is to be cut into pure waveform configuration, then will pay attention to the break-in problem of piston and lining, and sharp-pointed crest may cause blocking of piston ring.
Danish Patent No.139111 illustrates a kind of cylinder liner, has screw type cutting slot on the inner surface of this lining, this spiral fluted pitch is so big, makes trough be separated by a plane domain, and this plane domain for example is the length L of 4mm along vertically having of cylinder.Before this groove of cutting, necessary this lining of honing, this makes that making lining becomes very expensive, because must at first being worked on a kind of fixture, approaches after its last inside dimension lining, it must be installed on carries out honing on the honing machine, and then reorientation is on first kind of fixture, so that cut groove.The cylinder liner of big-block engine is very heavy parts, reorientates on machining apparatus and this lining that is installed is time taking.
JP-A 5-65849 illustrates a kind of piston-engined cylinder block that is used for, and in this patent, the cylinder behind the bore hole also will carry out honing, forms the grinding lines or the groove of alveolate texture.These grind lines and include the little sharp protrusion that can cause damaging piston ring.For preventing this damage, adopt several rolling tools that the inner surface of cylinder is carried out the press polish processing to piston ring.This calendering operation method of removing little protuberance on the cylinder barrel surface is well-known technology.The cylinder block that illustrates in this Japan Patent also must repeatedly be repositioned on some chucking devices of different process equipments.
The purpose of this invention is to provide the method that a kind of manufacturing has the cylinder liner of useful broken sea structure, making can expensive honing device, and the carrying that reduces lining also reduces process time.
Based on this point, the inventive method is characterised in that the internal diameter of cylinder liner is in the scope of 25～100cm, and its length is in the scope of 100～400cm; Remove crest without honing with the plasticity compression method, being compressed into the crest height of 0.004mm at least above-mentioned is the zone on plane substantially; And the bottom of trough is lower than these plane domains 0.001mm at least after compression.
Utilize quite simple and cheap equipment just can carry out this plasticity compression by technical and uncomplicated method, and can be on the same position that is installed with the waveform configuration cutting on the inboard of very big lining, and crest is compressed into is the zone on plane substantially.In addition, also having saved the investment of honing device, is very expensive for this large-sized this kind of lining equipment.And the zone of the almost plane between trough can obtain a kind of surface characteristic that helps very much lining and piston ring break-in on the inner surface of lining.The surface of roll extrusion does not have very sharp protuberance, not exclusively is surface smooth or that mirror is equally luminous but then yet, and this smooth surface may cause the lubrication problem between lining and the piston ring.For example adopt little rolling tools to utilize rolling depression method just can carry out the plasticity compression of crest, this little rolling tools are preferably, because this equipment is the simplest.Perhaps, can utilize a roller that extends along the whole length of lining to carry out roll extrusion.The scope of above-mentioned waved surface height is particularly advantageous to waveform configuration, and this waveform configuration difference in height between crest and trough before roll extrusion is 0.01～0.02mm.By carrying out the plastic deformation of crest in above-mentioned scope, sleeve inner surface forms a surface with the break-in of piston ring gentleness.If the trough degree of depth is less than 0.001mm, then the lubrication state of Huo Deing is not satisfied.
Preferably utilize above-mentioned at least one cutting element to cut out waveform configuration in sleeve inner surface, this cutting element is vertically advanced along lining with certain feed velocity by the bore hole bar when lining rotates, make waveform configuration form a helical cuts at least, carry out the plasticity compression with rolling tools roll extrusion inner surface then, these rolling tools utilize the used same bore hole bar of cutting element to promote forward.This has just been avoided cylinder liner is moved to the position that is installed of another machine again from the position that is installed of a machine, thereby has saved the time.When sleeve inner surface cuts helical cuts, the bore hole bar is withdrawed from from lining, load onto rolling tools then, be inserted into the bore hole bar in the lining again and carry out roll extrusion.Cutting element and rolling tools also can be contained on separately the traversing slide block or on the corresponding anchor clamps, make that moving forward and backward instrument with respect to sleeve inner surface as required just can suitably change instrument.The bore hole bar that cutting element is housed is adapted to pass through the cutting depth of regulating cutting element that moves radially of instrument, therefore moving rolling tools by the radial direction along lining can suitably regulate rolling pressure, thereby can utilize the existing adjusting of bore hole bar to select.
Also can adopt the rolling tools that some rollers are housed on the tool heads to carry out roll extrusion, this instrument is known for everyone because of the inner surface that is used for the roll extrusion pipe, but the constant smaller pipe of diameter of the most suitable roll extrusion caliber of this instrument.Therefore preferably utilize the roll extrusion of the rolling tools with a roller to carry out the plasticity compression, this roller can be regulated with respect to the radial position of sleeve inner surface, and this roller can move forward along the longitudinal direction of lining when the lining turn.This make can with same instrument come roll extrusion have different inner diameters lining.Use a roller also to allow to regulate rolling pressure very accurately, thereby can avoid roll extrusion ripple struction excessively by the radial displacement of roller.If use a plurality of rollers, then need in very narrow scope, to control each roller simultaneously, this is very difficult, particularly because the variation of the power on a roller can be transferred on other rollers.
Wish to make rolling tools represent that with one the manograph of rolling pressure combined at that time very much, so that the monitoring rolling pressure also can be finely tuned during the roll extrusion inner surface.For the engine of an engine or a plurality of same sizes, cylinder liner is in batch mode made usually.In this manufacturing in batch, also can use manograph, the feasible data that can re-use for the suitable rolling pressure of specific dimensions cylinder liner, and when beginning roll extrusion lining, just regulate rolling tools.
For ease of making lining, for instance, when in the scope of insert diameter at 25-100cm, can under the condition of lining internal diameter cutting tolerance, carry out the cutting of waveform configuration for ± 0.1-0.2mm.Although this tolerance is arranged, but the wave height height of waveform configuration can cut with littler tolerance, for example ± 0.003mm or littler, because the arc milling cutlery of the cutter head of cutting element has very big radius, for example depending on the wave height that requires in the internal diameter of lining and the waveform configuration can be from 100mm to 800mm, also, make the adjacent wave that cuts out have almost completely identical diameter because diameter (referring to the lining internal diameter) variation is very slow.Though because the tolerance of insert diameter, the lining internal diameter changes on the whole length of lining, at instrument during along the vertically moving of lining, rolling tools can suitably keep the rolling pressure that requires.
Because it is little that diameter (referring to the lining internal diameter) changes, so utilize the rolling tools of an arm supporting just can keep rolling pressure by very simple device design, this supporting arm can be along the bending of lining radial direction in its elastic range when applying rolling pressure, thereby this arm can be by the strain compensation diameter variation of radial direction.Perhaps, rolling tools can be contained on the traversing slide block, and this slide block can utilize an adjusting drive unit radially regulating continuously according to the signal of the manograph of the current rolling pressure of above-mentioned indication.
When piston engine turns round, the pressure in the cylinder chamber on piston will descend when piston moves apart the top dead center position, and this pressure that reduces will cause the active force between piston ring and the lining to reduce.In some cases, can make lining like this, make and only to carry out roll extrusion that this top hub sections is included in the piston zone that the topmost piston ring slides when moving apart its top dead center and a part downward piston stroke near the dead-centre position, bottom in the top hub sections.The roll extrusion process of inner surface is carried out very soon, thereby can not save a lot of times owing to the roll extrusion operation is confined to the top hub sections, but can save roll unit, particularly reach under the situation of very Large lining of 400cm, because the bore hole bar does not need to do so longly in length.
Crest can so be out of shape by rolling process, make between the trough be substantially the area in the zone on plane constitute the lining gross area in the roll extrusion zone 25%～75%.If plane domain is less than 25%, then the contact area with piston ring is too little, and this can cause overheated and damage the material that encircles, because the heat that produces can not pass on the lining fully.Inadequate contact area also may be destroyed the wiper seal effect of piston ring.If plane domain is greater than 75%, then lubrication state (andfrictional conditions) degenerates, because oily nest is too little.Crest is so roll extrusion deformation preferably, makes between the trough to be that the area in the zone on plane is in the roll extrusion zone 40%～60% of total lining area substantially.This is that to consider that contradiction between lubrication state and heat load and the wiper seal is done compromise, and the OK range between the above-mentioned threshold value limit also is provided simultaneously, and making some make inaccuracy is not extremely important to the working condition of lining.
The sealability of high pressure is produced by the roll extrusion crest that deformation makes very much between the adjacent trough is that the zone on plane is guaranteed along a kind of extension of vertical formation of lining to piston ring substantially in the combustion chamber, this extension is in ± 1mm scope, corresponding to 1/4th of the ring height of the piston ring with minimum ring height.When piston vertically moves along the zone with waveform configuration in the cylinder liner of so making, each piston ring is surrounded by at least two adjacent planar zones, these gases at high pressure that just can prevent piston top flow through spiral groove or trough, flow to piston ring below.
Crest is so deformation preferably, makes the 0.006mm at least of crest, and it is the zone on plane substantially that maximum 0.018mm, the height of best maximum 0.015mm are compressed into, and makes the trough bottom be lower than these area 0s .002mm at least.If surpass these very strict scopes at regional area, the inner surface of lining still can be acceptable surface.
In a preferred method of the invention, ripple is cut structure deformation like this, make formed be the zone on plane and the average radial height difference between the trough substantially for cut at ripple structure before not compressing crest and the average height difference between the trough 7%～66% between, be preferably in it between 16%～36%.
The invention still further relates to for example cylinder liner of large-scale two-stroke crosshead engine of piston-mode motor, this lining has the slipsurface that is used for piston ring on the inner surface of its lining, this slipsurface has incomplete waveform configuration in the zone of the most close top land dead-centre position at least, in this waveform configuration, trough is separated by the zone that is the plane substantially.This cylinder liner of the present invention is characterised in that its internal diameter is in the scope of 25～100cm, and its length is in the scope of 100～400cm; The zone that is the plane substantially is the surface of the no sharp-pointed protuberance of roll extrusion; The bottom of trough is lower than these area 0s .001mm at least; Between adjacent trough is that the zone on plane has along lining extension longitudinally substantially, and this extension is in the scope of ± 1mm, corresponding to 1/4th of the ring height of the piston ring with minimum ring height.This cylinder liner demonstrates the above-mentioned advantageous feature of slipsurface.
Below with reference to very schematic accompanying drawing more detailed description example of the present invention, these accompanying drawings are:
Fig. 1 is the partial side view and the local longitudinal sectional drawing of cylinder liner;
Fig. 2 illustrates the perspective view that is fixed on the cylinder liner on the machining set-up shown in the part;
Fig. 3 is the perspective view of rolling tools;
Fig. 4 is the side view of another rolling tools;
Fig. 5 is the longitdinal cross-section diagram that amplifies the cylinder liner inner surface intercepting of very big edge roll extrusion according to the present invention;
Fig. 6 is 5 times of enlarged drawings, and the photo of the cylinder liner inner surface of the local honing that ripple cuts is shown;
Fig. 7 cuts similar photo with the cylinder liner of roll extrusion by ripple of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the copy of the roughness concentration result on sleeve inner surface shown in Figure 6;
Fig. 9 is the copy of the roughness concentration result on sleeve inner surface shown in Figure 7.
Fig. 1 illustrates the cylinder liner 1 that is used for the large-scale two-stroke crosshead engine.The size that depends on engine, cylinder liner can make various sizes, and in the scope of 25～100cm, its typical length is in the scope of 100～400cm usually for its internal diameter.Lining is cylinder iron made usually, and it can integral cast, or the separated into two parts casting, and then links together end-to-end.In the drawings, be longitudinal sectional drawing at half lining shown in the longitudinal axis 2 right sides.This lining is contained on the unshowned engine in a well-known manner, method is that the surface down 3 with annular is fixed on the top board of engine support case or on the cylinder block, the piston 4 that will have piston ring 5 then is contained in the cylinder, cylinder head be contained in the lining top annular supine surperficial 6 on, and be fixed on the top board.
Piston ring 5 slides along the inner surface 7 of lining, so importantly, this inner surface will have a kind of structure, and this structure can guarantee to obtain between ring and the inner surface well lubricated, scratches or blocks to avoid producing between the inner surface of the outside of encircling and lining.When piston and lining are between running-in period in a new engine, this surface texture is a particular importance.As mentioned above, wish to produce very much the cylinder liner that has waveform configuration on the surface within it, be removed at this structure medium wave peak.Manufacturing is possible along the lining that total inner surface has said structure.This structure also can only form on the top of lining, for example 40% part of piston ring 5 inswept beginning in the piston downward stroke.This part can also have other relative size, and for example 20%, 25%, 30% or 35%, or median.
Be positioned in processing before the air ventilation groove 8 of lining bottom, finish the processing of sleeve inner surface 7.Carry out this processing in being designed to a kind of large-scale Boring machine of very large-sized lathe, Fig. 2 partly illustrates this Boring machine.Below this Boring machine is called lathe.Utilize crane to become the mode of level to sling with the longitudinal axis lining, then with respect to the pivot center centering of car art, utilize four dops 9 to be fixed on the main shaft of lathe an end of lining, and utilize the other end of support 10 support sleeves, be located at the centering position, this support 10 has many supporting rollers that can roll 11 on sleeve outer surface.Support 10 can move on lathe 12.
At the end facing to main shaft, lathe has unshowned saddle, the Application of Mechanical Clamping Rigid Boring vent stem 13 that this Saddel receiver is very heavy, and this bar can coaxially move into or shift out cylinder liner with the cylinder liner longitudinal axis by moving of saddle on the lathe seat.At an end of close main shaft, the bore hole bar has knife rest 14, and this knife rest is the shape of traversing slide block, can regulate cutter 15 along the radial direction of lining.
Behind stationary bushing, main shaft and lining are rotated, rough cut inner surface 7 for example is 5mm for the cutting precision of diameter.Carry out meticulous cutting with cutter head subsequently, make the ripple of this cutting on the inner surface of lining cut and form the trough that requires shape in the structure with curved cutting edge.Can regulate on request by the length travel amount of pushing ahead of bore hole bar apart from S (Fig. 5) in that two adjacent wave are peak-to-peak, this distance is identical with the feed distance of revolution.In the cylinder liner with 98cm internal diameter, the feed velocity of 8mm/r (cylinder liner commentaries on classics) is suitable, and can select the feed velocity of 4mm for 50cm internal diameter or littler cylinder liner.Pitch can be chosen as a semi-ring height of the piston ring that is equivalent to have the minimum ring height.
Difference in height h radially (Fig. 5) between crest and trough is by the curvature decision of cutter head blade, and the difference in height of the big more formation of curvature is big more.Difference in height can arrive 0.06mm greatly, but best between 0.01～0.02mm usually.
After cutting waveform configuration, the bore hole bar is withdrawed from lining, and with respect to inner surface 7 radial location rolling tools, roll extrusion inner surface subsequently, make the material production plastic deformation on the crest, promptly compression radially outward obtains the last inner surface configuration with spiral slot or trough 17 shown in Figure 5.The longitudinal cross-section that is shown in the sleeve inner surface of Fig. 5 for the sake of clarity draw distortion, make the size in radial direction be exaggerated manyfold, in the longitudinal cross-section, trough by plane domain 18 separately, plane domain accounts for 25～75% altogether in having the liner sleeve length of waveform configuration, usually between 40～60%.
In simple designs shown in Figure 3, rolling tools comprise roller 19, and this roller is contained on the fork head 20 rotationally, and this fork head is positioned at the end of transverse arm 21, and this transverse arm is fixed in the groove of the tool rack 22 that is supported by bore hole bar 13.Tool rack or instrument itself is along the bendability that radially can have limited extent of lining, thereby the variation of a few tenths of millimeter of lining generation can be absorbed by the elastic bending of tool rack.Transverse arm can promptly be regulated along the radial direction of lining along its longitudinal direction.
Another design example of rolling tools is shown in Fig. 4, and wherein roller 23 embeds in the head 24 unilaterally, this roller contact supporting roller 25 in its back.This head is contained on the angled portion that tilts to stretch out, and this part separated into two parts 26a and 26b, these two parts are resilient mutually, but keeps the rolling pressure of setting.Manograph 27 shows the numerical value of rolling pressure at that time.This instrument can not adorned visual manograph and adorn an induction system of measuring the rolling pressure and the output signal of telecommunication, and this signal of telecommunication is used to regulate or read at a distance.Angled portion is contained on the knife rest 14 of bore hole bar by intermediate member 28, thereby can regulate rolling pressure by the radial displacement of this knife rest.This instrument can promptly have been bought in the W.Hegenscheidt of Celle GmbH company from a tame German company, and commodity are called EG14.
The rolling pressure manograph can be contained on the traversing slide block of bore hole bar, and this slide block is subjected to the effect of a radial pressure, and this radial pressure is substantially equal to the radial pressure that rolling tools are subjected to.This lathe can also have a kind of display, for example numeral show traversing slide block respectively radially with the display of axial displacement.When the configuration rolling tools make it contact with the no pressure of sleeve inner surface formation, this display is resetted, traversing like this slide block will represent rolling pressure to outer displacement.
The longitudinal axis of roller can form any angle with the inner surface of lining, and the summit at this angle is facing to the place ahead of the direction of feed of being represented by arrow A.
The following describes cylinder liner example with internal diameter 35cm.
Example 1
This lining adopts the lagging material that is usually used in big-block engine to make, i.e. cast iron, after rough cut, the inner surface of smart cutting lining forms spiral ripple and cuts structure on its whole length, between crest apart from S=4mm, wave height h is about 0.015mm.Then with the cutting element on the rolling tools replacement thorax vent stem shown in Figure 3.Regulate rolling pressure, method is at first to make roller form stress-free the contact with the inner surface of lining, and then sets the traversing slide block on the bore hole bar, makes it to outer displacement F=0.03mm, and this value is measured on diameter, i.e. radial displacement is 0.015mm.The radiai adjustment that should be noted that traversing slide block can not cause the corresponding radial displacement of rolling tools, because of the major part of displacement is used for traversing slide block, tool rack and instrument are exerted pressure, promptly forms rolling pressure.This is and the main difference that the method for cutting element is set on lathe usually.Lining is rotated with the speed of 90rpm, and this makes and produces relative velocity V=100m/min between rolling tools and the sleeve inner surface, and the bore hole bar enters lining with the feed velocity of S=0.5mm/rev.
Visual detection shows, also needs bigger rolling pressure, and feed velocity can also significantly improve.
Example 2
Except that the roll extrusion parameter, make cylinder liner by example 1 described same procedure.Carry out roll extrusion: V=100m/min with following parameters, F=0.10mm (on true footpath, measuring) and S=4.0mm/rev.
Visual sight side and roughness concentration show that feed velocity is suitable, and the zone between trough has the good extension of shape, is essentially the plane.
Example 3
Except that the roll extrusion parameter, make cylinder liner by example 1 described same procedure.Carry out roll extrusion: V=100m/min with following parameters, F=0.15mm (on diameter, measuring) and S=4.0mm/rev.
Visual observation and roughness concentration show that feed velocity is still suitable, and the zone between trough has bigger Jie's part of prolonging, and accounts for 30% of sleeve inner surface.
Example 4
Except that the roll extrusion parameter, make cylinder liner by example 1 described Same Way, carry out roll extrusion: V=100m/min with following parameters, F=0.20mm (on diameter, measuring) and S=4.0mm/rev.
Visual observation and slightly degree of making measure and to show that feed velocity is still suitable, the zone between the trough forms big extension, accounts for 40% of sleeve inner surface.
Compare test, in this test, adopt example 1 described Same Way to make cylinder liner, but replace roll extrusion to remove crest with the part honing.
To by example 4 manufacturings and with 5 times of photograph of the sleeve surface of part honing method manufacturing amplification, photo is seen Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, this surperficial roughness is measured with the Perthen roughness tester, the results are shown in Figure 8 and Fig. 9, and the multiplication factor in radial direction among this figure is transferred to very big.On record-paper, the 10mm of Y direction represents the distance of 0.025mm, then represents the distance of 1mm at the 10mm of X-direction.
It is on the zone on plane many points to be arranged substantially that clearly annular honing vestige or the groove that is formed by honing that demonstrate shown in Figure 6, the test of the roughness of Fig. 8 are presented at what remove the crest place.
The surface of roll extrusion shown in Figure 7 has goodish outward appearance, the roughness test of Fig. 9 shows, plane domain between trough does not have sharp-pointed protruding point basically, but still there are many little in height different dome-shaped projectioies on the plane on plane domain, and this helps lubricating oil and adheres to from the teeth outwards well.
Cut in the size Expressing of structure and rolling structure at above-mentioned ripple, should be understood that above-mentioned value is a mean value.Shown on the record-paper of roughness test, the part on surface has the big recess that is not included in this size, because the normally graphite of deposition or the similar variation determined by alloy from the teeth outwards of these recesses.It is in the zone on plane substantially that these recesses also are present in what also can be called land regions.
Claims (11)
1. method of making cylinder liner (1), this lining is used for for example large-scale two-stroke cross capitiform engine of piston-mode motor, in this kind method, on the inner surface (7) of lining, be formed for the slipsurface of piston ring, the method that forms is, at first to adopt at least one its cutting edge be crooked cutting element is cutting the waveform configuration that difference in height (h) between crest and trough is at least 0.005mm on the sleeve inner surface, at least from this waveform configuration, remove crest at the slipsurface place of the most close top land dead-centre position then, make the inner surface (7) of the lining (1) that on the longitudinal cross-section, processes have the waved surface of part, in this waved surface, trough (17) is separated by the zone (18) that is the plane basically, the method is characterized in that, the internal diameter of cylinder liner is in the scope of 25～100cm, and its length is in the scope of 100～400cm; Adopt the plasticity compression method without the honing method, be compressed into the 0.004mm of crest height at least above-mentioned and be the zone (18) on plane basically, remove crest thus; The bottom of the trough after the compression (17) is lower than these plane domains 0.001mm at least.
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, utilize above-mentioned at least one cutting element on the inner surface of above-mentioned lining, to cut waveform configuration, this cutting element is advanced along the lining longitudinal direction by the boring bar of certain feed velocity when lining rotates, and makes waveform configuration be shaped as at least one helical cutting; Utilize rolling tools to carry out the plasticity compression by the roll extrusion inner surface, these rolling tools are by the same bore hole bar forward impelling that promotes cutting element.
3. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, utilizes to have single roller (19; 23) rolling tools are implemented to compress by the plasticity that roll extrusion is used for carrying out, and this roller can be regulated with respect to the radial position of sleeve inner surface, and this roller longitudinal direction along lining when lining (1) rotates moves forward.
4. method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, rolling tools are connected in one and are used to indicate the manograph of rolling pressure (27) at that time.
5. as claim 3 or 4 described methods, it is characterized in that though lining (1) internal diameter changes, rolling tools keep the rolling pressure of requirement when the longitudinal direction along lining moves on the whole length of lining.
6. as each described method in the claim 2～5, it is characterized in that, only carry out roll extrusion on lining top, this top comprise piston (4) from it portion dead-centre position when motion topmost the piston ring zone of sliding and the part piston stroke that is displaced downwardly to the bottom dead center position.
7. as each described method in the claim 2～6, it is characterized in that, utilize rolling process to make crest deformation like this, make between trough (17), to be 25%～75% of the area in the zone (18) on the plane area that is about the total roll extrusion of lining (1) basically, be preferably in 40%～60%.
8. method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, utilize rolling process to make crest deformation like this, make to be that the zone (18) on plane has along the extension of lining longitudinal direction basically between the adjacent trough (17), this extension in ± 1mm scope, it be equivalent to encircle highly minimum piston ring the ring height 1/4th.
9. the method according to any one of the preceding claims, it is characterized in that, crest deformation like this, feasible 0.006mm at least, 0.018mm at the most, preferably at the most the crest height of 0.015mm to be compressed into be the zone (18) on plane basically, the bottom of trough (17) is lower than these plane domains 0.002mm at least.
10. as the described method of above-mentioned each claim, it is characterized in that, the structure that ripple is cut deformation like this, making formed is to be 7%～66% of the mean value of difference in height (h) between waveform configuration medium wave peak before the compression and trough at the mean value of radially difference in height between the zone (18) on plane and the trough (17) basically, is preferably in it between 16%～36%.
11. cylinder liner, be used for for example large-scale two-stroke cross capitiform engine of piston-mode motor, this lining has the slipsurface that is used for piston ring on the surface (7) within it, this slipsurface has the waveform configuration of part at least in the zone of its most close top land dead-centre position, trough in this structure (17) is separated by the zone (18) that is the plane basically, this cylinder liner is characterised in that, the internal diameter of cylinder liner is in the scope of 25～100cm, and its length is in the scope of 100～400cm; Basically the zone (18) that is the plane is the surface that does not have sharp-pointed protuberance through roll extrusion; The bottom of trough (17) is lower than these plane domains 0.001mm at least; Between adjacent trough (17) is that the zone (18) on plane has along the extension of lining longitudinal direction basically, this extension in the scope of ± 1mm, it be equivalent to encircle highly minimum piston ring the ring height 1/4th.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK199500343A DK174089B1 (en) | 1995-03-30 | 1995-03-30 | Process for producing a cylinder liner for a piston engine and a cylinder liner |
| DK0343/95 | 1995-03-30 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1179741A true CN1179741A (en) | 1998-04-22 |
| CN1084657C CN1084657C (en) | 2002-05-15 |
Family
ID=8092459
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN96192881A Expired - Fee Related CN1084657C (en) | 1995-03-30 | 1996-03-27 | Method of manufacturing cylinder liner for piston engine, and cylinder liner |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (2) | JPH11502470A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100252525B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1084657C (en) |
| DK (1) | DK174089B1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2151329B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2313074B (en) |
| HR (1) | HRP960145B1 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO317176B1 (en) |
| PL (1) | PL181683B1 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2162397C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1996030159A1 (en) |
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| CN102728894A (en) * | 2011-04-04 | 2012-10-17 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Cutting tool for control of surface roughness |
| CN103492768A (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2014-01-01 | 卡特彼勒发动机有限责任两合公司 | Small end bushing, piston and bushing-piston-system |
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| DE683262C (en) * | 1935-11-08 | 1939-11-02 | Schmidt Gmbh Karl | Cylinder sleeve for internal combustion engines with reciprocating pistons |
| US3049788A (en) * | 1960-02-26 | 1962-08-21 | Omega Ind Inc | Method and apparatus for finishing surfaces |
| JPS5342589Y2 (en) * | 1973-08-08 | 1978-10-13 | ||
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| JPS552802A (en) * | 1978-04-28 | 1980-01-10 | Teikoku Piston Ring Co Ltd | Cylindrical sliding member |
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| JP2791924B2 (en) * | 1991-05-24 | 1998-08-27 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | Sleeve bearing processing method |
| JPH0565849A (en) * | 1991-09-05 | 1993-03-19 | Toyota Motor Corp | Cylinder bore of internal combustion engine |
| JPH0611932U (en) * | 1992-07-16 | 1994-02-15 | 株式会社小松製作所 | Integrated turning / ball burnishing tool |
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-
1995
- 1995-03-30 DK DK199500343A patent/DK174089B1/en active
-
1996
- 1996-03-27 JP JP8528810A patent/JPH11502470A/en active Pending
- 1996-03-27 ES ES009650032A patent/ES2151329B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-03-27 CN CN96192881A patent/CN1084657C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-03-27 WO PCT/DK1996/000125 patent/WO1996030159A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1996-03-27 KR KR1019970706065A patent/KR100252525B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-03-27 RU RU97117947/02A patent/RU2162397C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-03-27 PL PL96322530A patent/PL181683B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-03-27 GB GB9719143A patent/GB2313074B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-03-29 HR HR960145A patent/HRP960145B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1997
- 1997-09-29 NO NO19974485A patent/NO317176B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2002
- 2002-10-02 JP JP2002289620A patent/JP4024122B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101653832A (en) * | 2008-08-18 | 2010-02-24 | 瓦特西拉瑞士股份有限公司 | Method of machining for producing a bearing surface on a cylinder wall of a cylinder liner of an internal combustion engine |
| CN102728894A (en) * | 2011-04-04 | 2012-10-17 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Cutting tool for control of surface roughness |
| CN103492768A (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2014-01-01 | 卡特彼勒发动机有限责任两合公司 | Small end bushing, piston and bushing-piston-system |
| CN103492768B (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2017-05-24 | 卡特彼勒发动机有限责任两合公司 | Small end bushing, piston and bushing-piston-system |
| CN104607889A (en) * | 2015-01-13 | 2015-05-13 | 哈尔滨飞机工业集团有限责任公司 | Double-curved-surface forming die tool manufacturing method |
| CN109906312A (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2019-06-18 | 戴姆勒股份公司 | Cylinder shell for piston reciprocating internal combustion engine |
| US11111874B2 (en) | 2016-11-15 | 2021-09-07 | Daimler Ag | Cylinder housing for a reciprocating-piston internal combustion engine |
| CN106523469A (en) * | 2017-01-04 | 2017-03-22 | 河海大学常州校区 | Composite wear-resisting cylinder barrel and preparing method thereof |
| CN106523468A (en) * | 2017-01-04 | 2017-03-22 | 河海大学常州校区 | Composite wear-resistant cylinder barrel and preparation method |
| CN108788768A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-11-13 | 宁波亚大自动化科技有限公司 | A kind of Smart Verify production line and its application method |
| CN108788768B (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2023-08-01 | 宁波亚大自动化科技有限公司 | Intelligent inspection production line and application method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| RU2162397C2 (en) | 2001-01-27 |
| KR19980702659A (en) | 1998-08-05 |
| GB2313074B (en) | 1998-08-12 |
| DK34395A (en) | 1995-03-31 |
| JP2003201910A (en) | 2003-07-18 |
| JP4024122B2 (en) | 2007-12-19 |
| KR100252525B1 (en) | 2000-04-15 |
| WO1996030159A1 (en) | 1996-10-03 |
| CN1084657C (en) | 2002-05-15 |
| GB9719143D0 (en) | 1997-11-12 |
| NO974485D0 (en) | 1997-09-29 |
| DK174089B1 (en) | 2002-06-10 |
| PL322530A1 (en) | 1998-02-02 |
| HRP960145B1 (en) | 2003-06-30 |
| NO974485L (en) | 1997-09-29 |
| NO317176B1 (en) | 2004-09-06 |
| ES2151329A1 (en) | 2000-12-16 |
| GB2313074A (en) | 1997-11-19 |
| GB2313074A8 (en) | 1998-01-13 |
| HRP960145A2 (en) | 1997-08-31 |
| JPH11502470A (en) | 1999-03-02 |
| PL181683B1 (en) | 2001-09-28 |
| ES2151329B1 (en) | 2001-07-01 |
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