CN117972850A - Method for suspending ceiling of assembled hyperboloid triangle honeycomb aluminum plate - Google Patents
Method for suspending ceiling of assembled hyperboloid triangle honeycomb aluminum plate Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an assembled hyperboloid triangle honeycomb aluminum plate ceiling method, which belongs to the technical field of aluminum plate ceiling, and comprises the following steps: measuring a main body structure of a suspended ceiling, establishing a BIM structure diagram, establishing a BIM model according to a drawing of the curved suspended ceiling to be installed, dividing the BIM model into units and correspondingly manufacturing a curved panel unit; importing BIM structure diagram data into a three-dimensional scanner and a total station arranged in a main body structure to form a suspended ceiling conversion layer; manufacturing a corresponding panel framework according to the curved panel unit; forming a curved surface suspended ceiling on the top of the main body structure; according to a solving algorithm of the problem of throwing eggs of a 100-storey building, searching the weakest point of the curved suspended ceiling by combining finite element analysis, and reinforcing or adjusting the position; carrying out load test of the suspended ceiling structure; adjusting and improving the suspended ceiling structure according to the load test result; and (5) finishing the construction of the assembled hyperboloid triangle honeycomb aluminum plate suspended ceiling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum plate suspended ceilings, and particularly relates to an assembly type hyperboloid triangle honeycomb aluminum plate suspended ceiling method.
Background
With the rise of urban high-rise and the improvement of building aesthetic requirements, the wide-span curved suspended ceiling is increasingly widely applied to modern buildings. The suspended ceilings generally adopt grid-type space steel structures or plate-type structures, and the overhanging span can reach 45 meters. In a strong wind environment, the large-span suspended ceiling is easy to be impacted by wind vibration, and long-term fatigue can affect the safety of the structure. At present, finite element modeling is mainly adopted for design calculation of the curved suspended ceiling, and static force and modal analysis is carried out. However, the calculation method is difficult to consider the influence of random factors such as nonlinear characteristics of the structure, material defects, construction errors and the like on the reliability of the structure. The long-term wind vibration fatigue is more difficult to accurately simulate in finite element calculation, and the service life of the suspended ceiling cannot be effectively estimated.
Existing ceiling structural designs are typically partially reinforced and partially optimized empirically. However, how to efficiently find the weakest part of the structure, it is still difficult to realize the optimized transformation of the structure with some vectors. In addition, the existing structural test is only verified for the ultimate bearing capacity, and an effective test means is lacking for the long-term fatigue performance of the structure. Therefore, the prior art is difficult to accurately analyze long-term fatigue and evaluate reliability of the large-span curved suspended ceiling, and cannot effectively guide the detail optimization transformation of the structure and comprehensively ensure the safety of the structure.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides an assembled hyperboloid triangle honeycomb aluminum plate suspended ceiling method which can effectively guide the detail optimization transformation of a structure and comprehensively ensure the safety of the structure.
The invention is realized in the following way:
the invention provides a method for suspending a ceiling of an assembled hyperboloid triangle honeycomb aluminum plate, which comprises the following steps:
s10, measuring and paying off a main body structure of a suspended ceiling, building a BIM structure diagram according to a construction drawing, building a BIM model according to a drawing of the curved suspended ceiling to be installed, dividing the BIM model into a plurality of units and correspondingly manufacturing a curved panel unit;
S20, importing data of the BIM structure diagram into a three-dimensional scanner and a total station arranged in the main body structure, correspondingly installing a steel skeleton according to lofting positions of the three-dimensional scanner and the total station at the top of the main body structure to form a suspended ceiling conversion layer, and installing a connecting piece for connecting with the curved panel unit on the steel skeleton;
S30, manufacturing a corresponding panel framework according to the curved panel unit, and fixing the panel framework to the curved panel unit;
S40, hanging the curved panel unit to a position corresponding to the suspended ceiling conversion layer, and fixedly connecting the panel framework with a corresponding connecting piece by using the suspended ceiling conversion layer as a construction platform, so that a curved suspended ceiling is formed at the top of the main body structure;
S50, searching the weakest point of the curved suspended ceiling by combining finite element analysis according to a solving algorithm of the problem of throwing eggs of a 100-storey building, and reinforcing or adjusting the position;
s60, carrying out load test on the suspended ceiling structure, and verifying stability and bearing capacity of the suspended ceiling structure;
S70, adjusting and improving the suspended ceiling structure according to the load test result to ensure that the suspended ceiling structure meets the design requirement;
S80, finishing construction of the assembled hyperboloid triangle honeycomb aluminum plate suspended ceiling, and checking and accepting.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the method for suspending the assembled hyperboloid triangle honeycomb aluminum plate can be improved as follows:
wherein, the step S10 includes:
Measuring a main body structure of a suspended ceiling to be installed by using a laser scanner, acquiring point cloud data of the main body structure, and establishing a BIM model of the main body structure;
Extracting key data of the main structure according to the main structure BIM model, wherein the key data comprise geometric data and positioning data;
establishing a suspended ceiling BIM model according to a drawing of a curved surface suspended ceiling to be installed;
importing the suspended ceiling BIM model to the main structure BIM model, and detecting the gap relation between the suspended ceiling BIM model and the main structure BIM model;
subdividing the suspended ceiling BIM model into curved plate units according to engineering implementation requirements, and generating a unit product model according to the curved plate units;
and integrating the unit product model with the BIM model of the main structure to form a construction cooperative model.
Further, the step S20 includes:
importing the suspended ceiling BIM model and the main structure BIM model;
Using a three-dimensional scanner and a total station to acquire point cloud data on the top of the main structure;
acquiring three-dimensional space coordinate information under actual construction conditions, comparing the point cloud data with the BIM model, and detecting data deviation;
extracting position information of a suspended ceiling conversion layer according to the BIM model, and lofting at the top of the main structure by using a measuring tool to obtain a lofting result;
and constructing a steel skeleton on site according to the lofting result, and forming a suspended ceiling conversion layer by the steel skeleton and the connecting piece.
Further, the step S30 includes:
Adopting a numerical control cutting technology to manufacture a curved plate according to the curved plate unit;
based on the geometric characteristics and mechanical requirements of the curved panel unit, automatically generating a panel skeleton digital model through computer aided design software;
manufacturing a panel framework by using a numerical control technology;
And assembling the panel framework and the curved panel unit by adopting a robot technology.
Computer Aided Design (CAD) software specifically includes a series of applications for product design, engineering drawings, and three-dimensional modeling. Such software allows designers to create, modify, optimize, and analyze details of the geometry, structural characteristics, and material properties of the product to achieve overall process support from conceptual design to final production stages.
Numerical Control (CNC) technology specifically includes a series of hardware and software components to control and operate an automated machine tool or manufacturing equipment. The main components and the technical key points are as follows:
Numerical control system hardware: the device consists of a controller, a driver, a servo motor, a feedback device and various sensors, and is responsible for receiving instructions and executing actions.
Control system software: the system comprises system software and application software, wherein the system software is a real-time operating system at the bottom layer and is responsible for managing and scheduling each hardware resource; the application software comprises a numerical control programming language interpreter, a PLC logic control program, a CAM interface program and the like, and converts the processing program into a machine executable action sequence.
Numerical control programming: and writing a machining program by using the G code, the M code and other specific numerical control instructions, and describing information such as cutter paths, speeds, feed amounts, cutting parameters and the like.
CAD/CAM integration: in combination with computer aided design software, the design data is converted into an actual numerical control machining program by CAM software.
Further, the step S40 includes:
Performing lifting point positioning measurement by utilizing laser scanning and a total station;
Hoisting the curved plate unit butt joint ring bolt hanging points;
Manually leveling the curved plate units, and adopting temporary fixing measures to connect and fix the curved plate units;
and using a digitizing device to ensure that the panel framework is assembled in a butt joint way with the connecting piece.
Temporary fixing means refers to a series of temporary supporting, reinforcing or positioning methods and means adopted in the construction process to ensure structural stability, installation accuracy and construction safety. The specific application comprises the following steps:
And (3) mounting a fabricated structure:
temporary support of vertical components (such as walls and columns) to bear dead weight and construction load.
Temporary support of horizontal members (e.g., floors, beams) ensures that they do not deform or collapse due to self-weight or external forces prior to casting the concrete.
Temporary vertical support under the beam ensures that the beam remains horizontally stable when not permanently connected.
The beam end temporary rigid bracket or other supporting devices are used for supporting temporary supports of bridges or other structures.
And the lower part of the balcony slab is temporarily and vertically supported to prevent the overhanging part of the balcony slab from being unstable.
And (3) installing a telescopic device:
The telescopic device is welded and temporarily anchored to ensure that the position is not shifted after the elevation measurement.
And (3) construction of a fence:
And a temporary surrounding baffle is arranged in the construction area, so that the safety isolation of the construction area is ensured.
And (3) ceiling installation:
The panel framework on the suspended ceiling conversion layer is connected with the connecting piece through temporary fixing, and the curved panel unit is ensured not to shift before formally fixing.
Other construction projects:
Scaffold, template system, tie bars, diagonal braces, etc. are used as temporary fixing tools to ensure safe and accurate alignment of the structure during construction.
Further, the step S50 includes:
establishing a finite element calculation model;
Setting material parameters and load conditions of the finite element calculation model, wherein the material parameters comprise elastic modulus and poisson ratio;
solving the internal force distribution condition of each component in the finite element calculation model and deformation response generated by stress;
Performing fatigue analysis and reliability analysis, and identifying the weakest part of the curved suspended ceiling;
and carrying out stress inspection on the weakest part.
Further, the step S60 includes:
Constructing a suspended ceiling temporary support system;
according to the temporary suspended ceiling supporting system, carrying out load test on the suspended ceiling structure, and gradually loading in different loading modes;
Recording damage load and limit load data in the loading process of the load test;
and using monitoring equipment to verify the finite element calculation model and searching the weak point part of the suspended ceiling structure.
Further, the step S70 includes:
summarizing the calculation result of the finite element calculation model and the test result of the load test;
Re-correcting the finite element computation model;
Reinforcing the weak point found by the load test;
And checking whether the modified suspended ceiling structural index meets the requirement.
Further, the method also comprises the step of detecting the assembly precision of the panel framework and the curved panel unit by using a machine vision system.
Further, the cell mesh size of the finite element computing model is not greater than 100mm.
Compared with the prior art, the method for suspending the assembled hyperboloid triangle honeycomb aluminum plate has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, by introducing a 100-storey building egg throwing algorithm model, a reliability analysis method considering random fatigue damage is established, the long-term fatigue damage degree of different parts of the suspended ceiling structure can be accurately predicted, and weak parts are found, so that the method is different from the traditional empirical reinforcement, the vector optimization transformation of the suspended ceiling structure can be realized, the wind fatigue resistance reliability of the structure is greatly improved, and the service life is prolonged; the load test performed by the invention sets different fatigue loading modes, can effectively test the fatigue response characteristics of the structure, provides accurate basis for reliability analysis, realizes long-term fatigue reliability evaluation and optimal design of the large-span complex curved suspended ceiling, solves the problem that the prior art is difficult to process, and ensures that the wind resistance reliability of the suspended ceiling structure reaches a higher level.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method of suspended ceiling of an assembled hyperboloid triangular honeycomb aluminum plate.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a flowchart of a first embodiment of a method for suspending a ceiling of an assembled hyperboloid triangle-shaped honeycomb aluminum plate according to the present invention includes the following steps:
S10, measuring and paying off a main body structure of a suspended ceiling, building a BIM structure diagram according to a construction drawing, building a BIM model according to the drawing of the curved suspended ceiling to be installed, dividing the BIM model into a plurality of units and correspondingly manufacturing a curved panel unit;
s20, importing data of the BIM structure diagram into a three-dimensional scanner and a total station arranged in a main body structure, correspondingly installing a steel skeleton according to the lofting positions of the three-dimensional scanner and the total station at the top of the main body structure to form a suspended ceiling conversion layer, and installing a connecting piece for connecting with a curved plate unit on the steel skeleton;
S30, manufacturing a corresponding panel framework according to the curved panel unit, and fixing the panel framework to the curved panel unit;
s40, hanging the curved panel unit to a position corresponding to the suspended ceiling conversion layer, and fixedly connecting the panel framework with a corresponding connecting piece by using the suspended ceiling conversion layer as a construction platform, so that a curved suspended ceiling is formed at the top of the main body structure;
S50, according to a solving algorithm of the problem of throwing eggs of a 100-storey building, searching the weakest point of the curved suspended ceiling by combining finite element analysis, and reinforcing or adjusting the position;
s60, carrying out load test on the suspended ceiling structure, and verifying stability and bearing capacity of the suspended ceiling structure;
S70, adjusting and improving the suspended ceiling structure according to the load test result to ensure that the suspended ceiling structure meets the design requirement;
S80, finishing construction of the assembled hyperboloid triangle honeycomb aluminum plate suspended ceiling, and checking and accepting.
In the above technical solution, step S10 includes:
Measuring a main body structure of a suspended ceiling to be installed by using a laser scanner, acquiring point cloud data of the main body structure, and establishing a BIM model of the main body structure;
extracting key data of the main structure according to the BIM of the main structure, wherein the key data comprise geometric data and positioning data;
establishing a suspended ceiling BIM model according to a drawing of a curved surface suspended ceiling to be installed;
leading in a suspended ceiling BIM model to a main structure BIM model, and detecting the gap relation between the suspended ceiling BIM model and the main structure BIM model;
Subdividing a suspended ceiling BIM model into curved plate units according to engineering implementation requirements, and generating a unit product model according to the curved plate units;
And integrating the unit product model with the BIM model of the main body structure to form a construction cooperative model.
For the specific implementation of step S10, the following sub-steps may be taken:
Firstly, the plane arrangement and the height dimension of a main structure to be suspended are measured, and the data such as the axial network position, the dimension and the like of main components such as structural columns, beams, floors and the like are obtained. During measurement, measuring equipment such as a laser scanner is adopted, point cloud data are rapidly and accurately acquired, building Information Model (BIM) software is utilized to convert the point cloud data into a BIM model, and accurate three-dimensional digital structural information is established.
And then, extracting key component data in the BIM model of the main structure, including positions, sizes, materials and the like of columns, beams and floors, according to the requirements of a construction design drawing, and establishing the BIM structure model meeting the design requirements. Meanwhile, the BIM model is partitioned and split step by combining the site construction progress and the site, so as to meet the requirements of the split site and step construction operation.
And then, importing a curved surface suspended ceiling design model to be installed, and integrating and cooperating the curved surface suspended ceiling model with a main structure BIM model by adopting a building information model technology. And detecting the clearance relation, shielding relation and collision problem of the two, and ensuring that the suspended ceiling and the main body structure cannot be interfered. Local adjustment is carried out when necessary, and coordination and matching between the suspended ceiling design model and the BIM model of the main structure are ensured.
Then, for the complex curved surface suspended ceiling structure, a parameterized modeling technology is adopted to subdivide the complex curved surface suspended ceiling structure into a plurality of standardized unit modules. Each unit module is of a simple quadric shape and has a standardized connection interface. And simultaneously automatically generating factory prefabricated drawings of each unit to form an accurate prefabricated product information model.
And finally, carrying out re-integration and relation correspondence on the subdivided unit product model, the main body structure and the suspended ceiling overall model to form a construction cooperative model with prefabricated unit information so as to guide subsequent construction and assembly. The method realizes the decomposition and recombination of the suspended ceiling with the complex curved surface, accurately transmits the characteristics of the curved surface to the prefabrication unit, and ensures that the effect of designing the curved surface can be accurately achieved after assembly.
Step S10 realizes high-efficiency accurate measurement modeling of the suspended ceiling with a complex curved surface and digital support of suspended ceiling production through laser scanning, BIM technology and parameterization decomposition reconstruction method, and lays a foundation for subsequent industrial production and construction assembly.
Further, in the above technical solution, step S20 includes:
leading in a suspended ceiling BIM model and a main structure BIM model;
Using a three-dimensional scanner and a total station to acquire point cloud data on the top of the main structure;
Acquiring three-dimensional space coordinate information under actual construction conditions, comparing the point cloud data with a BIM model, and detecting data deviation;
Extracting position information of a suspended ceiling conversion layer according to the BIM model, and lofting at the top of the main structure by using a measuring tool to obtain a lofting result;
And constructing a steel skeleton on site according to the lofting result, and forming a suspended ceiling conversion layer by the steel skeleton and the connecting piece.
For the specific implementation of step S20, the following sub-steps may be taken:
Firstly, a BIM model containing accurate suspended ceiling and main structure information established in the step S10 is imported, engineering quantity statistics and component list programming are carried out, and a complete material purchasing and making plan is formed.
Then, the main body structure information in the BIM model, especially accurate coordinate data of floor key points, opening edges and the like, is imported into a three-dimensional laser scanner and a total station arranged on a construction site.
And then, acquiring actual point cloud data at the top of the main body structure of the construction site by using a scanner and a total station, comparing the actual point cloud data with a BIM model, and detecting whether the data deviation is within an allowable error range. And if necessary, carrying out data correction to ensure that the top data of the main structure obtained by scanning is consistent with the BIM model.
And then, on the basis of comparing the consistent top scanning data of the main structure, extracting the preset position information of the suspended ceiling conversion layer in the BIM model, and carrying out accurate lofting arrangement. And a laser scanning positioning method is adopted to rapidly determine the positions of a datum point and a lifting point of the steel skeleton at the top of the main body.
And finally, according to the planned specification requirements of the steel bar net rack, adopting laser scanning high-precision lofting results, erecting a steel skeleton and installing connecting pieces to form a construction platform of the suspended ceiling conversion layer. Through the accurate butt joint of scanning and BIM data, guarantee the correct spatial correspondence of steel skeleton and furred ceiling product.
And step S20 adopts the combination of advanced measuring equipment and BIM, realizes the high-precision data acquisition and registration of a main body structure and a suspended ceiling conversion layer, and establishes an informationized construction platform for the accurate positioning of the follow-up suspended ceiling.
Further, in the above technical solution, step S30 includes:
adopting a numerical control cutting technology to manufacture a curved plate according to the curved plate unit;
based on the geometric characteristics and mechanical requirements of the curved panel unit, automatically generating a panel skeleton digital model through computer aided design software;
manufacturing a panel framework by using a numerical control technology;
and assembling the panel framework and the curved panel unit by adopting a robot technology.
For the specific implementation of step S30, the following sub-steps may be taken:
Firstly, according to the digital information of the subdivided suspended ceiling curved panel units, a computer numerical control cutting technology is adopted to rapidly and accurately manufacture the board products. And aiming at complex changes of the suspended ceiling curved surface, a parameterized design method is adopted to automatically generate an arrangement scheme and a connection node arrangement scheme of each board product, so that personalized customized production is realized.
Then, based on the digital data of the suspended ceiling curved panel units, the construction information model technology is adopted to carry out slot position design and connection processing of each unit. And automatically generating a three-dimensional digital model of the panel framework, wherein the three-dimensional digital model comprises detailed construction information such as a framework main body, a bonding strengthening area, connecting nodes and the like.
And then, by means of a numerical control technology, the aluminum alloy panel framework is rapidly and accurately manufactured by adopting a computer-aided manufacturing technology according to a digital model of the panel framework. In the process, seamless conversion from the design model to the manufacturing code is realized, and the manufacturing precision of the panel framework is ensured to completely accord with the BIM design model.
Finally, the efficient and accurate assembly of the panel framework and the curved plate is realized by adopting a robot technology. By means of an accurate robot operating system, accurate alignment bonding of the panel framework and the plates is achieved, and assembly quality and efficiency are greatly improved.
Step S30 realizes personalized customization and efficient and accurate assembly and manufacture of the panel framework through digital design, numerical control manufacture and robot assembly technology.
Further, in the above technical solution, step S40 includes:
Performing lifting point positioning measurement by utilizing laser scanning and a total station;
Hoisting a butt joint ring bolt hanging point of the curved plate unit;
manually leveling the curved panel units, and adopting temporary fixing measures to carry out connection fixing;
and using a digitizing device to ensure that the panel framework is assembled with the connecting piece in a butt joint way.
For the specific implementation of step S40, the following sub-steps may be taken:
Firstly, according to BIM information of a main structure, laser scanning and total station measurement are adopted, the position of a top lifting point is accurately lofted and positioned, and a lifting ring bolt is preset at a corresponding position.
And then, hoisting the prefabricated curved panel unit into position by using light hoisting equipment, and accurately butting the prefabricated curved panel unit at a preset ring bolt hoisting point. The process realizes accurate space alignment of the curved plate and the top of the main body structure through informationized positioning and accurate hoisting.
Then, the staff climbs the top steel skeleton construction platform, and the fine leveling and temporary connection fixation of the curved plate unit are completed manually by utilizing the convenience of the setting up of the staff. The laser level is adopted to assist in checking the verticality and flatness of the hoisting of the unit, so that the assembly quality is ensured.
Then, by means of a construction platform, the panel framework prefabricated on the back of the plate and the connecting piece preset in the steel structure are accurately butted, assembled and fastened in a manual or mechanical mode. And digital auxiliary equipment is adopted to ensure that the azimuth angle and the depth control of the connection of the panel framework and the steel structure are accurate in place.
And finally, checking the hoisting quality and the connection quality of each curved plate unit, and ensuring that the assembly precision and the stability completely meet the design requirements.
Further, in the above technical solution, step S50 includes:
establishing a finite element calculation model;
Setting material parameters and load conditions of a finite element calculation model, wherein the material parameters comprise elastic modulus and poisson ratio;
Solving the internal force distribution condition of each component in the finite element calculation model and the deformation response generated by stress;
Performing fatigue analysis and reliability analysis, and identifying the weakest part of the curved surface suspended ceiling;
and (5) carrying out stress inspection on the weakest part.
For the specific implementation of step S50, the following sub-steps may be taken:
Firstly, according to the BIM model of the completed complex curved surface suspended ceiling, importing the BIM model into finite element analysis software, and establishing a fine finite element calculation model. The model contains detailed construction information of the ceiling tile, panel framework and connectors.
And then, according to the wind load standard of the area where the suspended ceiling is positioned, simulating a wind load action mode by applying a fluid dynamics principle under the specific load conditions of a calculation model differential including wind pressure, a tuyere effect and the like. And parameters of the material such as density, elastic modulus, tensile strength and the like are set, and a calculation model is accurately defined.
And then, starting a finite element program according to the set load working condition, and solving the internal force distribution and deformation conditions of the whole suspended ceiling structure and each local component. And (5) automatically searching key parts of the component stress by adopting a subdomain analysis technology. And the fatigue AF life of each member was evaluated by adopting the fatigue theory.
And then, carrying out reliability analysis of the suspended ceiling structure based on the hypergraph theory and the Monte Carlo random sampling algorithm. And calculating the damage probability of different parts of the crane, and determining an important failure mode under the action of wind load.
And then, according to a solving algorithm of the problem of throwing eggs on 100 floors, combining the fatigue AF values and the damage probabilities of different parts, and identifying weak links and key failure parts of the suspended ceiling structure. The part is the weakest point of the suspended ceiling structure.
Finally, comparing the calculated stress of the weak point with the allowable stress of the material, and determining whether strengthening treatment is required to be carried out on the weakest point by controlling stress checking. And if the suspended ceiling structure is reinforced, returning to modify the BIM model, and performing calculation and inspection again until the suspended ceiling structure responds to the optimization requirement.
Among them, the problem of throwing eggs in a 100-story building is a very classical mathematical physical problem. The problem assumes that in a building of 100 floors, eggs are thrown from the first floor, the eggs are intact after each drop, and the eggs can be thrown from which floor at most without breaking.
This problem simulates the impact strength decay process of an object under constant impact load. Similarly, under wind load, the suspended ceiling structure also has gradual attenuation of fatigue strength.
An algorithm idea for solving the problem of throwing eggs in a 100-storey building is as follows: assuming that the initial impact strength of the egg is S 0, the strength damage caused by the impact of each floor is d, and the residual strength of the egg after the n-th floor is thrown down is:
Sn＝S0-n*d；
when S n is less than or equal to 0, the egg fails and breaks.
This simple algorithm reflects the fatigue decay law. Similarly, in the finite element calculation of the suspended ceiling structure, the fatigue damage AF value of each component under the action of multiple wind loads can be counted, and the residual degree of the fatigue strength of different parts can be reflected.
In addition, based on reliability analysis, the probability of damage to each part in the future service life can be predicted.
By combining the two indexes, the part with the most serious fatigue strength damage and the highest failure probability can be found out, namely the weakest link of the suspended ceiling structure is the possible key failure mode, so that the part is the weakest point of the whole suspended ceiling.
The method combines classical algorithm ideas with reliability analysis, can effectively identify weak parts of complex space structures, provides important structural optimization improvement basis, and enables structural design to be scientific and reasonable.
Specifically: for the specific implementation of step S50, the following technical means may be adopted to implement:
first, a three-dimensional finite element computational model of the suspended ceiling structure is built. The model comprises a plate unit, a panel framework, a connecting piece of the panel framework and other detailed structures, a calculation grid is generated by dividing the unit, and the size of the grid is customized according to the geometric characteristics of the component. Defining material attribute parameters:
The elastic modulus E c and the density rho c of the plate and the panel framework;
the elastic modulus E j and the density rho j of the connecting piece;
The contact stiffness k n between the junctions, the friction coefficient mu;
Load born by the setting structure:
The self-loading G is calculated according to the volume and the density of each component;
wind ballast F w, calculating wind pressure distribution by referring to wind vibration design specifications;
Wind vibration inertia force F a, calculating a pneumatic inertia force according to the structural wind vibration parameters;
and synthesizing wind loads in different action directions to form load combinations from multiple directions, and adopting fluid dynamics calculation to simulate wind pressure space distribution.
Then, a finite element program is started, and structural static rigidity calculation is carried out:
[K]u＝F；
Wherein [ K ] is an overall rigidity matrix, u is a node displacement vector, and F is an equivalent node load. The intra-structural forces are solved and the stress σ of each component is calculated.
Further, fatigue analysis was performed on the steel plate and the connector. Based on Palmgren-Miner linear fatigue cumulative damage theory, calculating the fatigue damage degree D of each component:
Where N i is the number of cycles of the stress range Δσ i and N i is the number of fatigue life cycles of the stress range.
From the calculated fatigue damage degree D, the safety margin of the structure within the expected service life can be evaluated. And find out the components and parts with the most serious fatigue damage.
In addition, structural system reliability analysis was performed based on the monte carlo method. With a structural finite state function g (X):
g(X)＝R-S；
Wherein R is structural resistance, and S is effect stress. The probability of failure over the expected lifetime P f is calculated taking into account the random variations of resistance and effect:
Pf＝P[g(X)<0]＝∫g(x)<0fX(x)dx；
Where f X (X) is the probability density function of the random variable X. The probability integral is solved based on a sample analysis. And obtaining failure probabilities of different parts of the structure, and finding out the weak part with the maximum probability.
By comprehensively considering fatigue damage analysis and probability failure analysis, the key weak part of the suspended ceiling structure, namely the weakest point, can be identified, and the reliability of the suspended ceiling structure needs to be improved by key inspection or measures.
Preferably, when the fatigue reliability analysis is performed, the fatigue accumulation and damage rule reflected in the problem of throwing eggs from 100 floors can be combined.
This problem assumes that the eggs are thrown down from layer 1, the damage caused by each impact is d, and the remaining impact strength of the eggs after the nth throw down is:
Sn＝S0-n*d；
when S n is less than or equal to 0, the eggs are broken.
In analogy to suspended ceiling structures, define an initial wind fatigue resistance of S 0, and a fatigue damage of d through each season, then remaining fatigue strength after the nth year:
Sn＝S0-n*d；
When S n is less than or equal to the allowable fatigue strength, the component is considered to be subjected to fatigue damage.
In the finite element fatigue calculation, for each component:
(1) Calculating the equivalent wind season number n of each component according to the wind pressure range;
(2) Assuming an initial fatigue resistance S 0;
(3) Counting the fatigue damage d of each component;
(4) Calculating the residual fatigue strength S n of each component;
(5) The smallest key component of S n is found as a possible fatigue failure site.
The method combining the simple algorithm model and the finite element numerical calculation can better evaluate the long-term fatigue reliability of the complex structure and find the weak part. The method combines a theoretical model and engineering practice, and realizes optimization of reliability analysis.
The finite element modeling, fatigue analysis and reliability calculation utilize the related theory of structural dynamics, material mechanics and probability theory, and are matched with a numerical calculation method, so that the wind resistance reliability of the large-span space reticulated shell structure can be comprehensively evaluated, weak links can be found, and a basis is provided for structural optimization improvement.
Step S50 realizes comprehensive assessment of safety and reliability of the complex large-span suspended ceiling structure through an advanced calculation and analysis technology, finds out weak parts and pertinently optimizes, and ensures safe use of the structure.
Further, in the above technical solution, step S60 includes:
Constructing a suspended ceiling temporary support system;
Carrying out load test on the suspended ceiling structure according to the suspended ceiling temporary support system, and gradually loading in different loading modes;
recording damage load and limit load data in the loading process of load test;
And using monitoring equipment to verify the finite element calculation model and searching the weak point part of the suspended ceiling structure.
For the specific implementation of step S60, the following sub-steps may be taken:
First, a temporary support system for a load test is built based on a BIM model of a finished suspended ceiling. In the test LOAD process, the dead weight of the suspended ceiling can be completely transferred to the supporting system, and the main body structure does not bear extra LOAD.
The different LOAD patterns are then distributed at predetermined steps across the ceiling, with the LOAD patterns being applied in a sequence. Firstly, static vertical concentrated load, then dynamic wind load and finally earthquake load. The displacement and internal force response of the suspended ceiling were measured at each LOAD.
And then, gradually increasing the sizes of various loads, and recording corresponding load values when new damage occurs to the suspended ceiling, wherein the load values are defined as damage loads. When obvious yielding or local damage occurs, the load is recorded and stopped, and the load is the limit load.
Then, the LOAD system adopts an electromagnetic loading device, so that the designed LOAD can be accurately given, and the strain response of the suspended ceiling can be monitored in real time. And simultaneously, a linear array camera is used for monitoring the suspended ceiling deformation process in a full time, and the suspended ceiling deformation process is compared with a numerical calculation model result for verification.
Finally, comparing the damage load and limit load test result with the design calculation value, and checking the accuracy of the design calculation method; and searching a weak point part of the suspended ceiling in the test, and guiding the later structural optimization.
Step S60 comprehensively checks the actual bearing performance of the suspended ceiling through a carefully set load test scheme and a precise test device, and provides a reliable basis for subsequent structural verification and optimization improvement.
Further, in the above technical solution, step S70 includes:
summarizing the calculation result of the finite element calculation model and the test result of the load test;
Re-correcting the finite element calculation model;
reinforcing the weak point found by the load test;
and checking whether the modified suspended ceiling structural index meets the requirement.
Further, in the above technical solution, the method further includes detecting the accuracy of assembling the panel skeleton and the curved panel unit by using a machine vision system.
Further, in the above technical solution, the cell mesh size of the finite element calculation model is not greater than 100mm.
The second embodiment of the method for suspending a ceiling of an assembled hyperboloid triangle honeycomb aluminum plate provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
1. and (3) measuring and paying-off modeling:
A hyperboloid ceiling structure with a span of 35 meters is added to reform a stadium. The existing hip truss main body structure is measured by using a total station (model: SOKKIA NET < 1 >, angle precision 3', distance precision 2mm+2ppm) and a laser scanner (model: FARO focus3D S < 120 >, scanning precision + -2 mm). And obtaining point cloud data 1287062 points, and generating a BIM model in Revit 2016 software, wherein the BIM model comprises a main body frame, boundary columns, secondary beams and other components, and the precision meets the construction requirements of a building structure.
And importing a designed hyperboloid ceiling BIM model, and integrating with the main body structure. And the NURBS curved surface is adopted to realize parameterized modeling of the ceiling structure, the control point number is 9 multiplied by 15, and no interference with the main body BIM model is ensured. The complex hyperboloid roof structure was broken down into 32 standard cells, each cell size being approximately 2500mm by 4000mm, and formed into a factory-made drawing of cells.
2. And (3) construction platform arrangement:
And exporting the integrated main body structure and the ceiling BIM model, wherein the integrated main body structure and the ceiling BIM model comprise 125063 pieces of three-dimensional coordinate information. Uploading the data to a field total station, wherein the maximum error of the coordinates of the checking control points is +3mm, and the engineering requirements are met. And a temporary support steel frame is constructed at the top of the main body structure according to design arrangement, the height is 1000mm, and phi 48 pipes are adopted. The distance between the frame bodies is 2000mm, the longitudinal distance is 3500mm, and M24 hoisting bolts are welded at the joint positions, and the total number of the bolts is 228. The frame body is reinforced by adopting a diagonal bracing system with the K24 spacing of 100mm, so that the total deformation is ensured to be less than 15mm.
3. Manufacturing and assembling a panel:
A5 mm thick 7005 series aluminum alloy plate is adopted, and 32 curved plate units are manufactured through a laser cutting machine according to a unit digital model. The dimensional tolerance of the unit is controlled to be +/-1 mm, and the two inclinations are +/-0.3 degrees, so that the requirement is met.
And (3) carrying out stamping forming on an aluminum plate according to a BIM design model to obtain a panel framework, adopting a 2024T3 aluminum alloy plate with the thickness of 1.5mm, and carrying out reinforcing treatment on part of important nodes by using a thick plate with the thickness of 2.0 mm. The obtained 32 high-strength shaped panel skeletons have the density of 0.13 and the tensile strength of more than or equal to 430MPa.
And hoisting the plate unit in place by adopting a crawler crane, and manually tightening an M24 hanging bolt for pre-fixing. And then the bolts of the panel framework and the connecting nodes are screwed one by one from the construction platform, and the fixed moment is controlled to be 190Nm.
4. And (3) optimizing and analyzing:
the as built BIM model was imported into ANSYS to build a computational model containing 132464 SOLID185 units. Setting material parameters and a steel frame: modulus of elasticity 2.0X105 MPa, rubber plate unit: the elastic modulus is 7.1X104 MPa. Wind load is set according to GB50009, static analysis is carried out, and the maximum displacement of the node is 12.6mm.
And (3) performing fatigue analysis, setting wind vibration loads in different directions according to spectrum indexes in the specifications, and calculating the fatigue damage degree D of each component. The fatigue damage of the angle steel at the joint of the square rib and the precast slab is found to be the largest, and D=0.81.
Monte Carlo sampling analysis is carried out, random changes of structural resistance and wind load are simulated, and failure probability is calculated. And determining that the 50-year failure probability of the angle steel connecting node is 0.0023.
In summary, it is determined that the angle steel node is a structurally weak part. By adopting the treatment scheme, a 2mm reinforcing steel plate is additionally arranged on the back surface of the node, phi 16 reinforcing ribs are additionally arranged, and the fatigue damage is re-analyzed and reduced to D=0.62, so that the requirement is met. And (5) finishing the optimized reinforcement design of the ceiling structure.
Specifically, the principle of the invention is as follows: the reliability analysis and optimization method of the suspended ceiling structure provided by the invention combines a fatigue accumulation algorithm model in the problem of throwing eggs of 100 floors with a finite element method and a reliability theory to form a brand new technical scheme: the scheme firstly builds a fine finite element calculation model, and considers random variability of structural members and loads. When the fatigue reliability calculation is carried out, introducing a fatigue decreasing rule reflected in the problem of throwing eggs, and solving the long-term random fatigue damage of each component; meanwhile, calculating the failure probability of each component and the connecting part in the expected service life by using a reliability algorithm in the probability theory; by matching the fatigue damage degree and the failure probability of different parts, the invention successfully identifies the weak links of the structure, realizes targeted structural optimization, and greatly improves the wind fatigue resistance reliability; the invention has scientific and reliable technical means, combines theory with practice, effectively solves the reliability evaluation and optimization problems of the large-span space reticulated shell structure which is difficult to process in the prior art, and achieves remarkable technical effects.
Claims (10)
1. The method for suspending the ceiling of the assembled hyperboloid triangle honeycomb aluminum plate is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s10, measuring and paying off a main body structure of a suspended ceiling, building a BIM structure diagram according to a construction drawing, building a BIM model according to a drawing of the curved suspended ceiling to be installed, dividing the BIM model into a plurality of units and correspondingly manufacturing a curved panel unit;
S20, importing data of the BIM structure diagram into a three-dimensional scanner and a total station arranged in the main body structure, correspondingly installing a steel skeleton according to lofting positions of the three-dimensional scanner and the total station at the top of the main body structure to form a suspended ceiling conversion layer, and installing a connecting piece for connecting with the curved panel unit on the steel skeleton;
S30, manufacturing a corresponding panel framework according to the curved panel unit, and fixing the panel framework to the curved panel unit;
S40, hanging the curved panel unit to a position corresponding to the suspended ceiling conversion layer, and fixedly connecting the panel framework with a corresponding connecting piece by using the suspended ceiling conversion layer as a construction platform, so that a curved suspended ceiling is formed at the top of the main body structure;
s50, searching the weakest point of the curved suspended ceiling by combining finite element analysis according to a solving algorithm of the problem of throwing eggs of a 100-storey building, and reinforcing or adjusting the weakest point;
s60, carrying out load test on the suspended ceiling structure, and verifying stability and bearing capacity of the suspended ceiling structure;
S70, adjusting and improving the suspended ceiling structure according to the load test result to ensure that the suspended ceiling structure meets the design requirement;
S80, finishing construction of the assembled hyperboloid triangle honeycomb aluminum plate suspended ceiling, and checking and accepting.
2. The method for suspended ceiling of an assembled hyperboloid triangle-shaped aluminum honeycomb panel according to claim 1, wherein said step S10 comprises:
Measuring a main body structure of a suspended ceiling to be installed by using a laser scanner, acquiring point cloud data of the main body structure, and establishing a BIM model of the main body structure;
Extracting key data of the main structure according to the main structure BIM model, wherein the key data comprise geometric data and positioning data;
establishing a suspended ceiling BIM model according to a drawing of a curved surface suspended ceiling to be installed;
importing the suspended ceiling BIM model to the main structure BIM model, and detecting the gap relation between the suspended ceiling BIM model and the main structure BIM model;
subdividing the suspended ceiling BIM model into curved plate units according to engineering implementation requirements, and generating a unit product model according to the curved plate units;
and integrating the unit product model with the BIM model of the main structure to form a construction cooperative model.
3. The method for suspended ceiling of an assembled hyperboloid triangle-shaped aluminum honeycomb panel according to claim 2, wherein said step S20 comprises:
importing the suspended ceiling BIM model and the main structure BIM model;
Using a three-dimensional scanner and a total station to acquire point cloud data on the top of the main structure;
acquiring three-dimensional space coordinate information under actual construction conditions, comparing the point cloud data with the BIM model, and detecting data deviation;
extracting position information of a suspended ceiling conversion layer according to the BIM model, and lofting at the top of the main structure by using a measuring tool to obtain a lofting result;
and constructing a steel skeleton on site according to the lofting result, and forming a suspended ceiling conversion layer by the steel skeleton and the connecting piece.
4. A method for suspended ceiling of an assembled hyperboloid triangle-shaped aluminum honeycomb panel according to claim 3, wherein said step S30 comprises:
Adopting a numerical control cutting technology to manufacture a curved plate according to the curved plate unit;
based on the geometric characteristics and mechanical requirements of the curved panel unit, automatically generating a panel skeleton digital model through computer aided design software;
manufacturing a panel framework by using a numerical control technology;
And assembling the panel framework and the curved panel unit by adopting a robot technology.
5. The method for suspended ceiling of an assembled hyperboloid triangle-shaped aluminum honeycomb panel according to claim 4, wherein said step S40 comprises:
Performing lifting point positioning measurement by utilizing laser scanning and a total station;
Hoisting the curved plate unit butt joint ring bolt hanging points;
Manually leveling the curved plate units, and adopting temporary fixing measures to connect and fix the curved plate units;
and using a digitizing device to ensure that the panel framework is assembled in a butt joint way with the connecting piece.
6. The method for suspended ceiling of an assembled hyperboloid triangle-shaped aluminum honeycomb panel according to claim 5, wherein said step S50 comprises:
establishing a finite element calculation model;
Setting material parameters and load conditions of the finite element calculation model, wherein the material parameters comprise elastic modulus and poisson ratio;
solving the internal force distribution condition of each component in the finite element calculation model and deformation response generated by stress;
Performing fatigue analysis and reliability analysis, and identifying the weakest part of the curved suspended ceiling;
and carrying out stress inspection on the weakest part.
7. The method for suspended ceiling of an assembled hyperboloid triangle-shaped aluminum honeycomb panel according to claim 6, wherein said step S60 comprises:
Constructing a suspended ceiling temporary support system;
according to the temporary suspended ceiling supporting system, carrying out load test on the suspended ceiling structure, and gradually loading in different loading modes;
Recording damage load and limit load data in the loading process of the load test;
and using monitoring equipment to verify the finite element calculation model and searching the weak point part of the suspended ceiling structure.
8. The method for suspended ceiling of an assembled hyperboloid triangle-shaped aluminum honeycomb panel according to claim 7, wherein said step S70 comprises:
summarizing the calculation result of the finite element calculation model and the test result of the load test;
Re-correcting the finite element computation model;
Reinforcing the weak point found by the load test;
And checking whether the modified suspended ceiling structural index meets the requirement.
9. The method of assembling a hyperboloid triangle honeycomb aluminum panel ceiling of claim 8, further comprising detecting accuracy of the assembly of the panel frame with the curved panel unit using a machine vision system.
10. The method of ceiling tile of fabricated hyperboloid triangle-shaped honeycomb aluminum plate of claim 9, wherein the cell grid size of the finite element computing model is no greater than 100mm.
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