CN113250468A - Construction method and construction structure of symmetrical cantilever steel truss of high-rise building - Google Patents
Construction method and construction structure of symmetrical cantilever steel truss of high-rise building Download PDFInfo
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- CN113250468A CN113250468A CN202110689373.4A CN202110689373A CN113250468A CN 113250468 A CN113250468 A CN 113250468A CN 202110689373 A CN202110689373 A CN 202110689373A CN 113250468 A CN113250468 A CN 113250468A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/35—Extraordinary methods of construction, e.g. lift-slab, jack-block
- E04B1/3511—Lift-slab; characterised by a purely vertical lifting of floors or roofs or parts thereof
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
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Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method and a construction structure of a symmetrical cantilever steel truss of a high-rise building, belonging to the technical field of high-rise building construction, wherein the method is used for carrying out ground assembly, integral lifting and high-rise separation on the symmetrical cantilever steel truss; the method comprises the following steps: 1) building a BIM model of the symmetrical cantilever steel truss; 2) carrying out stress checking calculation on the construction process; 3) manufacturing a ground assembled jig frame; 4) assembling on the ground; 5) integrally lifting; 6) after being lifted in place, the components are separated from the air; and during integral lifting, establishing a fitting point wedge diagram by using the three-dimensional coordinate data of the control points of each rod piece, fitting the fitting point wedge diagram with the original BIM model, acquiring deviation data of the control points of each rod piece, and adjusting connection according to the deviation data. The invention can improve the construction quality, has high productivity and fast construction progress, can save the construction period and the construction cost, and has high economic and social benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-rise building construction, in particular to a construction method of a symmetrical cantilever steel truss of a high-rise building and a construction steel structure.
Background
At present, domestic high-rise buildings are in the vogue, steel structures are widely applied to super high-rise buildings due to the advantages of high strength, high rigidity, short working period and strong shock resistance, and various steel structure construction technologies are in a vigorous development trend.
However, in the environment of an ultra-high layer, the installation of a steel structure also faces a plurality of challenges, generally, factors such as the narrow and small stacking site of components, the numerous conflicts of the components, the conflict between the low performance of a tower crane and a heavy component, the conflict between high-altitude operation and the environment and the like all affect the progress of the installation of the steel structure and the whole engineering, and the construction of the overhanging symmetrical steel truss model between the ultra-high layer double towers has the difficulties of small operation working face, difficult butt joint and positioning of the steel truss, large difficulty in accurate positioning, high hoisting risk of the heavy structure and the like besides the influences of the factors. How to scientifically, orderly, economically and reasonably organize construction plays a key role in effectively controlling the overall quality, progress and cost of the project.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical task of the invention is to provide a construction method and a construction structure of a symmetrical cantilever steel truss for a high-rise building aiming at the defects, which can improve the construction quality, have high productivity and fast construction progress, can save the construction period and the construction cost, and have high economic and social benefits.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a construction method of a symmetrical cantilever steel truss of a high-rise building is provided, which carries out ground assembly, integral lifting and high-speed separation on the symmetrical cantilever steel truss; the method comprises the following steps:
1) building a BIM model of the symmetrical cantilever steel truss;
2) carrying out stress checking calculation on the construction process;
3) manufacturing a ground assembled jig frame;
4) assembling on the ground;
5) integrally lifting;
6) after being lifted in place, the components are separated from the air;
the stress checking calculation in the construction process comprises checking whether the cantilever truss and the main tower member meet requirements in the integral lifting process, whether the stress of a rod piece meets the requirements in the welding process of the truss and the main tower after the truss and the main tower are lifted in place, and whether the stress of the main tower and the truss meet the requirements in the high-altitude separation process and the separated main tower;
determining lifting point coordinates, assembling the truss rod pieces according to the lifting point coordinates during ground assembly, and accurately butting the truss rod pieces with the main tower connecting rod pieces after the truss rod pieces are lifted in place;
and during integral lifting, establishing a fitting point wedge diagram by using the three-dimensional coordinate data of the control points of each rod piece, fitting the fitting point wedge diagram with the original BIM model, acquiring deviation data of the control points of each rod piece, and adjusting connection according to the deviation data.
The method can solve the problems of narrow bottom construction site, difficult positioning of the opposite-nature structure, high overhead welding difficulty and high risk, and can be used for carrying out ground splicing on the symmetrical cantilever steel truss, integrally lifting and separating high workers, improving the construction quality and the production efficiency, saving the construction cost and shortening the construction period.
Preferably, after the left and right symmetrically overhanging steel trusses are assembled, the steel trusses are connected by using temporary connecting rods to form a whole; the temporary connecting rod is provided with a connecting lug plate and a connecting bolt, is bolted with the connecting clamp plate through the connecting lug plate and is detached after being lifted in place, the chord member and the web member are welded and the lifter is detached.
Because the temporary connecting rod can take place structure system conversion when dismantling the truss of encorbelmenting, the sudden release of internal force can cause structure vibrations and displacement, has great potential safety hazard to operating personnel, so need set up slotted hole bolt node and cushion or offset the structural change. The connecting lug plate is welded with the temporary connecting rod, and the connecting lug plate is bolted with the connecting clamp plate, so that the temporary connecting rod is connected with and detached from the connecting clamp plate.
Preferably, the step of establishing the BIM model of the symmetrical cantilever steel truss is as follows:
1) establishing point coordinates of the integral model according to construction requirements and forming a line model;
2) forming a preliminary three-dimensional model by matching the line model with construction requirements;
3) independently refining each node of the preliminary three-dimensional model;
4) and stacking the preliminary three-dimensional model after node refinement on the floor where the steel truss of the main tower is located, and aligning the initial point.
Further, the method for checking the stress in the construction process is as follows:
importing the model data into calculation software, calculating the working condition analysis of the symmetrical cantilever steel truss in the lifting process, and analyzing the stress state of the symmetrical cantilever steel truss through the maximum stress value and the lifting counter force value of the rod piece;
assuming different displacement values of the lifting points, analyzing the stress state of the symmetrical cantilever steel truss through the maximum stress value and the lifting reaction value of the rod piece;
when the different displacement values of the lifting points are 20mm, the safety margin coefficients of the lifter are all larger than 1.25, and the lifting safety requirement is met; when the stress value of the rod piece is smaller than the allowable value of the strength of the member, and the different displacement values of the lifting points are 20mm, the lifting force of the lifter and the stress of the truss rod piece can meet the requirements.
Preferably, the construction of the truss is simulated, the stress checking calculation is carried out on the construction process, and the construction steps comprise:
establishing a steel truss structure model, establishing a lifting bracket, a temporary connecting rod and a reinforcing connecting rod, and inputting lifting data;
according to the weight data of the rod pieces, calculating and analyzing the stress of the rod pieces in the whole ground assembling process of the rod pieces;
performing simulation calculation according to the stress and deformation conditions of each rod piece of the steel truss in the lifting process, and judging whether the deformation of the lifting platform is out of limit;
and after the simulation is lifted in place, analyzing and calculating the stress of the steel truss when the temporary connecting rod is detached.
Preferably, the ground assembling jig frame comprises:
building a jig frame and pre-arching;
leveling the bottom of the jig frame;
coordinate positioning;
simulating the size of a rechecking jig frame;
the ground integral assembly step comprises:
1) establishing an assembly coordinate system, and placing the three-dimensional model of the main truss in the assembly coordinate system; the assembly coordinate system takes the top of the main rod piece as an original point, an X axis is arranged along the center line of the main rod piece, a Y axis is arranged perpendicular to the main rod piece, and a Z axis is arranged upward perpendicular to the plane of the inspection rack;
2) acquiring control point coordinates from the assembly coordinate system;
3) according to the control point coordinates, rod pieces are spliced on the jig frame according to the splicing sequence of primary splicing, secondary splicing, bottom splicing and top splicing;
4) after the symmetrically-cantilevered steel trusses are assembled, the left truss and the right truss are connected into a whole by the temporary connecting rod in the middle, and the temporary connecting rod is provided with the lug plates and the bolts.
Preferably, a random coordinate system is established on site, namely, a point on the ground is arbitrarily taken as a coordinate origin, a straight line in any direction is an X axis, and the ground is vertically upward to be a Z axis;
measuring three-dimensional coordinate data of control points of each rod piece by using a total station in a random coordinate system;
establishing a fitting point model diagram by using the three-dimensional coordinate data of the rod control points, and fitting the fitting point model diagram with the original model to obtain deviation data of the rod control points;
recording collected data of control points of each rod piece, measuring the coordinates of the control points of the complete rod piece, inputting the coordinates into a CAD (computer aided design), and establishing a fitting point model diagram;
if the deviation data value of the control point of the rod piece is within 5m, the assembly is qualified; deviation data values of the control points of the rod pieces are larger than 5m and smaller than 10m, deviation is made for the sizes, and local fine adjustment is carried out in field installation; and (4) if the deviation data value of the rod piece control point is more than 10m, readjusting and connecting adjacent rod pieces of the control point, and remeasuring by using a total station, wherein the total station can be fully welded for field installation after the total station is qualified.
Preferably, the hydraulic lifting is adopted for integral lifting,
positioning the position of a lifting point of the truss according to the BIM model;
simulating the assembling jig frame mounting process by using a BIM model, and acquiring assembling coordinate data;
installing the hydraulic lifters in place, adjusting the actual installation positions of the components according to the assembly coordinate data, and fixing the lifters in a spot welding manner;
comparing the spot coordinates of the components after spot welding and fixing with the assembly coordinate data, and fixing the components in a full welding mode after the deviation is confirmed to be in a reasonable range;
the lifting process is as follows:
fixing a hydraulic lifter on the lifting platform, wherein the lifting steel strand is effectively connected with a lifting hoisting point;
integrally lifting the steel truss at the speed of 6m/h, and monitoring the lifting process by master control;
establishing a fitting point wedge diagram by using the three-dimensional coordinate data of the rod control points, and fitting the fitting point wedge diagram with the original BIM model to obtain deviation data of the rod control points;
when the deviation data value of a rod control point is more than 10m, readjusting connection of adjacent rods of the control point, and re-measuring and re-testing by using a total station;
and when the observation data is not abnormal, the lifter is removed after the chord member and the web member are welded.
Preferably, after the symmetrically-cantilevered steel truss is lifted, the rods are supplemented and the welding is finished, the high-altitude separation operation is started,
the high-altitude separation steps are as follows:
cutting from the upper layer to the lower layer by layer, and removing the next layer after cutting the connecting rod and loosening the bolt on the first layer; synchronously cutting 2 connecting rods on the same layer, and synchronously loosening bolts; each connecting rod firstly cuts the middle part;
then gradually loosening the bolts, finally cutting the two ends of the temporary connecting rod, and performing high-altitude separation operation;
and (5) rechecking the coordinates of the steel truss.
The invention also claims a symmetrical overhanging steel truss construction structure of a high-rise building, which is characterized in that an assembling jig frame is manufactured on the ground, ground assembling is carried out, and high-altitude separation is carried out after the integral lifting;
the structure realizes ground assembly, integral lifting and high-speed separation of the symmetrical cantilever steel truss by the construction method of the symmetrical cantilever steel truss.
Compared with the prior art, the construction method and the construction structure of the symmetrical cantilever steel truss for the high-rise building have the following beneficial effects:
the method and the structure can successfully solve the problems of small operation working face, difficult butt joint positioning of the steel truss, high precision positioning difficulty, high hoisting risk of the heavy structure and the like, have strong construction quality reliability, high production efficiency and quick construction progress, can save construction period and construction cost, have good economic benefit and social benefit, and are worthy of popularization and application in high-rise buildings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a construction method of a symmetrical cantilever steel truss according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a truss in the construction method of the symmetrical cantilever steel truss according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-layer truss in the construction method of the symmetrical cantilever steel truss according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a connecting rod in a construction method of a symmetrical cantilever steel truss according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
The embodiment of the invention provides a construction method of a symmetrical cantilever steel truss of a high-rise building. The method comprises the following steps:
1. building a BIM model of the symmetrical cantilever steel truss:
establishing point coordinates of the integral model according to construction requirements and forming a line model;
forming a preliminary three-dimensional model by matching the line model with construction requirements;
refining each node of the preliminary stereo model individually;
and stacking the preliminary three-dimensional model after node refinement on the floor where the steel truss of the main tower is located, and aligning the preliminary three-dimensional model with the original point.
2. Simulating the construction of the truss and carrying out stress checking calculation on the construction process, wherein the construction steps comprise:
establishing a steel truss structure model, establishing a lifting bracket, a temporary connecting rod and a reinforcing connecting rod, and inputting lifting data;
according to the weight data of the rod pieces, calculating and analyzing the stress of the rod pieces in the whole ground assembling process of the rod pieces;
performing simulation calculation according to the stress and deformation conditions of each rod piece of the steel truss in the lifting process, and judging whether the deformation of the lifting platform is out of limit;
and after the simulation is lifted in place, analyzing and calculating the stress of the steel truss when the temporary connecting rod is detached.
The stress checking calculation of the construction process comprises the following steps: checking whether the cantilever truss and the main tower member meet the requirements or not in the integral lifting process; whether the stress of the rod piece meets the requirement in the welding process of the truss and the main tower after the truss is lifted in place; and (4) whether the high-altitude separation process and the stress of the main tower and the truss after separation meet the requirements or not.
3. Manufacturing a ground assembling jig frame:
building a jig frame and pre-arching;
leveling the bottom of the jig frame;
coordinate positioning;
simulating the size of a rechecking jig frame;
4. assembling the symmetrically overhanging steel truss on the ground:
establishing an assembly coordinate system, and placing a three-dimensional model of a main truss in the assembly coordinate system; the assembly coordinate system takes the top of the main rod piece as an original point, an X axis is arranged along the center line of the main rod piece, a Y axis is arranged perpendicular to the main rod piece, and a Z axis is arranged upward perpendicular to the plane of the inspection rack;
2) acquiring control point coordinates from the assembly coordinate system;
3) according to the control point coordinates, rod pieces are spliced on the jig frame according to the splicing sequence of primary splicing, secondary splicing, bottom splicing and top splicing;
4) after the symmetrically-cantilevered steel trusses are assembled, the left truss and the right truss are connected into a whole by the temporary connecting rod in the middle, and the temporary connecting rod is provided with the lug plates and the bolts.
5. Hydraulic integral lifting:
fixing a hydraulic lifter on the lifting platform, wherein the lifting steel strand is effectively connected with a lifting hoisting point;
the truss is integrally lifted at the speed of 6m/h, and the lifting process is monitored by master control;
establishing a fitting point wedge-shaped graph by using the three-dimensional coordinate data of the control points of each rod piece, and fitting the fitting point wedge-shaped graph with the original BIM model to obtain deviation data of the control points of each rod piece;
when the deviation data value of a rod control point is more than 10m, readjusting connection of adjacent rods of the control point, and re-measuring and re-testing by using a total station;
and when the observation data is not abnormal, the lifter is removed after the chord member and the web member are welded.
6. And after the lifting is in place, the high-altitude separation is carried out, and the unloading is finished.
The high-altitude separation needs to be cut layer by layer from the upper layer to the lower layer, the next layer is removed after the connecting rods are cut and the bolts are loosened in one layer, 2 connecting rods in the same layer are cut synchronously, the bolts are loosened synchronously, and the middle of each connecting rod is cut open firstly;
and then gradually loosening the bolts, finally cutting the two ends of the temporary connecting rod, and performing high-altitude separation operation.
And (5) rechecking the truss coordinates.
With reference to fig. 1-4, the specific implementation process of the construction method of the symmetrical cantilever steel truss is as follows:
firstly, building a BIM model of a truss:
the method comprises the following steps: inputting a preset node coordinate list into tekla, establishing point coordinates of the integral model, and connecting nodes into a line model according to a side view and a front view;
step two: according to a preset rod piece sectional diagram, a rod piece sectional dimension table is combined, a line model is utilized, all connecting lines are used as positioning control axes of the rod piece, and drawing commands such as three-dimensional modeling, stretching and lofting are applied to generate a preliminary three-dimensional model;
step three: the three-dimensional model generated simply by using the line model is incomplete, the intersection points of the rod pieces are staggered because the connection mode of the rod pieces and the rod pieces is not considered, a plurality of rod pieces are intersected in the same place and embedded into other rod pieces to cause node ambiguity, and the optimal connection mode is obtained by combining the steel structure node method aiming at the connection of the nodes;
step four: and stacking the three-dimensional model after the detail connection deepening is completed on the main tower structure model, and aligning the original point of the model with the original point of the plane diagram so as to read coordinates for field positioning and installation in subsequent construction.
Then, carrying out stress checking calculation on the construction process:
importing the model data into midas calculation software, calculating working condition analysis of the steel truss in the lifting process, and analyzing the stress state of the steel truss through the maximum stress value and the lifting counterforce value of the rod piece;
assuming different displacement values of the lifting points, analyzing the stress state of the steel truss through the maximum stress value and the lifting reaction value of the rod piece;
when the asynchronous displacement value of the lifting points is 20mm, the safety margin coefficients of the hydraulic lifters are all larger than 1.25, and the lifting safety requirements are met; meanwhile, the stress value of the rod piece is smaller than the strength allowable value of the member, and when the asynchronous displacement value of the lifting point under the working conditions is 20mm, the lifting force of the lifter and the stress of the truss rod piece can meet the requirements.
Then, manufacturing an assembling jig:
A194X 12 steel pipes are used on site to set up a jig frame, the lower parts of the jig frame are provided with 300X 8 square pipes for connection, the distance is 1500m, and the round steel pipes and the square steel pipes are welded to form a whole; when the jig frame is manufactured, the middle part is pre-arched by 30mm, so that the deformation settlement error caused by large overhanging span is offset;
leveling the bottom of the jig frame, leveling the bottom of the tire plastic one according to the difference of the height difference of the bottom mark by adopting two modes: adjusting the elevation to the proper position by using a steel plate with the height of 10m or 20m as a base plate at the position with a small difference of the elevation of the bottom; the specific size is measured at the position with larger elevation difference, and the 28a I-steel pad is directly used for leveling.
Integrally assembling the ground:
on the premise of convenient on-site assembly construction and accurate positioning, an assembly coordinate system is established, a three-dimensional model of a bottom steel frame is placed in the assembly coordinate system, the top of a main rod piece is taken as an original point, the central line of the main rod piece is taken as an X axis, the vertical main rod piece is taken as a Y axis, and the vertical frame checking plane is taken as a Z axis upwards;
acquiring control point coordinates from the assembly coordinate system;
according to the control point coordinates, assembling the rods on the jig frame according to a first main chord, a second chord and a first lower upper splicing sequence;
after the left and right two symmetrically overhanging steel trusses are assembled, the steel trusses are connected by using a temporary connecting rod to form a whole, and the temporary connecting rod is provided with an ear plate and a bolt;
and checking the size of the assembled steel truss.
Establishing a random coordinate system on site, namely taking a point on the ground as a destination point, wherein a straight line in any direction is an X axis, and the ground is vertically upwards a Z axis;
measuring three-dimensional coordinate data of control points of each rod piece by using a total station in a random coordinate system;
establishing a fitting point model diagram by using the three-dimensional coordinate data of the rod control points, and fitting the fitting point model diagram with the original model to obtain deviation data of the rod control points;
recording collected data of control points of each rod piece, measuring the coordinates of the control points of the complete rod piece, inputting the coordinates into a CAD (computer-aided design), and establishing a fitting point model diagram;
the difference data value of the control points of the rod pieces is within 5m, the assembly is qualified, and the adjustment and the modification are not needed;
the deviation data value of the control point of the rod piece is more than 5mm and less than 10m, the deviation is made for the size, and the important attention is paid, the deviation can be subjected to local fine adjustment in field installation, so the adjustment and the modification are not needed;
and (4) if the deviation data value of the rod piece control point is more than 10m, readjusting and connecting adjacent rod pieces of the control point, and remeasuring by using a total station, wherein the total station can be fully welded for field installation after the total station is qualified.
Hydraulic integral lifting:
fixing 4 hydraulic lifters on corresponding lifting platforms respectively to meet the requirement of theoretical lifting counterforce of each lifting point of a lifting unit, so that each hydraulic device is uniformly loaded;
connecting the lifter with a lower lifting point of a steel truss by using a steel strand, wherein the specification of the steel strand is 15.24mm, the breaking force of a single steel strand is not less than 260kN, and the safety coefficient of the steel strand is more than 6.0;
the steel strands are tensioned, so that all the steel strands are uniformly stressed, and the integral lifting speed is about 6 m/h;
lifting the integral lifting steel truss to be close to the installation elevation and suspending lifting;
the truss lifting unit is butted with the upper structure preassembly section (corbel) to form a whole.
And finally, high-altitude separation:
because the overhanging truss can generate structural system conversion when the temporary connecting rod is dismantled, the sudden release of internal force can cause structural vibration and displacement, great potential safety hazard is caused to operators, and a long circular hole bolt node is required to be arranged to buffer or offset structural change, the bolt selected in the embodiment is M20, the short direction of the long circular hole is 22mm, and the long direction is 37 mm;
the connecting lug plate is welded with the temporary connecting rod, the connecting lug plate is bolted with the connecting clamping plate, and the 6 temporary connecting rods in the middle of the truss can be disassembled after being lifted in place, welded with the chord member and the web member and removed from the lifter;
when the connecting rods are unloaded, the connecting rods are unloaded layer by layer from the upper layer to the lower layer (the lower layer is removed after one layer is cut and loosened), and 2 connecting rods on the same layer are synchronously cut and loosened;
the middle of each connecting rod is firstly cut open, then the bolts are slowly loosened one by one, and finally the two ends of the temporary connecting rod are cut and separated from each other at high altitude.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a construction structure of the symmetrical cantilever steel truss of the high-rise building, wherein an assembly jig frame is manufactured on the ground, the ground is assembled, high-altitude separation is carried out after the integral lifting, and the construction is carried out by the construction method of the symmetrical cantilever steel truss described in the embodiment, so that the ground assembly, the integral lifting and the high-altitude separation of the symmetrical cantilever steel truss are realized.
The construction structure realizes the integral assembly of the structure by establishing a BIM model of a truss, carrying out stress checking calculation on the construction process, manufacturing a ground assembly jig frame and ground assembly, carrying out hydraulic integral lifting on the assembly structure, and carrying out high-altitude separation after the assembly structure is lifted in place.
The method comprises the following steps of establishing a BIM model of the steel structure truss: building models of east and west tower buildings are built according to construction drawings and construction schemes, and the building models comprise corbels required by hydraulic lifters.
And establishing a structural model of the cantilever truss, refining construction nodes, and including a temporary connecting rod, a reinforcing connecting rod and a lifting bracket for integrally lifting the cantilever truss.
And placing the refined truss model at the positions of the east and west tower buildings to form a complete building information model.
The stress checking calculation step in the construction process comprises the following steps: checking whether the cantilever truss and the main tower member meet the requirements or not in the integral lifting process; whether the stress of the rod piece meets the requirement in the welding process of the truss and the main tower after the truss is lifted in place; and (4) whether the high-altitude separation process and the stress of the main tower and the truss after separation meet the requirements or not.
Establishing a steel truss structure model, establishing a lifting bracket, a temporary connecting rod and a reinforcing connecting rod, and inputting lifting data;
according to the weight data of the rod pieces, calculating and analyzing the stress of the rod pieces in the whole ground assembling process of the rod pieces;
performing simulation calculation according to the stress and deformation conditions of each rod piece of the steel truss in the lifting process, and judging whether the deformation of the lifting platform is out of limit;
and after the simulation is lifted in place, analyzing and calculating the stress of the steel truss when the temporary connecting rod is detached.
The ground assembling step comprises:
paying off, determining coordinates of lifting points, assembling truss rod pieces on the ground according to the coordinates, and accurately butting the truss rod pieces with connecting rod pieces of a main tower after the truss rod pieces are lifted in place;
manufacturing an assembly jig frame, namely manufacturing the assembly jig frame according to the overall dimension of the truss, wherein the assembly jig frame can bear all truss loads and construction loads;
determining the elevation of the jig frame;
assembling the truss, namely assembling the truss according to the BIM model and the control coordinate points of the truss and the sequence of the first lower chord member, the second upper chord member, the first main chord member and the second chord member.
And after the assembly is finished, rechecking the assembly size, and measuring the three-dimensional coordinate data of the control point of each rod piece by using a total station.
The hydraulic integral lifting comprises the following steps:
the hydraulic lifters are fixed in place, and 4 sets of hydraulic lifters are fixed on lifting brackets of the main tower steel column;
connecting the hydraulic lifter with the truss by using a lifting steel strand;
an electric appliance synchronous control system is adopted, so that 4 hydraulic lifters are lifted at a constant speed of 6m/h, hydraulic synchronous lifting is realized by controlling each lifting point to be synchronous through a computer, a component keeps a stable lifting posture in the lifting process, and the synchronous control precision is high.
The lifting lower lifting point is connected with the cantilever platform of the main truss lower chord by welding through a special lifting appliance, the lifting lower lifting point and the cantilever platform are processed and manufactured together with components in a factory into a whole, and the lifting unit mainly bears the vertical load generated by self weight in the whole lifting process. The lower lifting points are respectively and vertically arranged on the unit to be lifted corresponding to each upper lifting point.
The symmetrical cantilever steel truss is constructed by adopting an integral lifting method, the east-west cantilever trusses are connected into a whole through temporary connecting rods (B600X400X25X25, Q345), and the symmetrical cantilever steel truss is installed in an integral lifting mode after forming a form similar to that of an integral truss.
Because of the conversion of the structure system can take place for the truss of encorbelmenting when dismantling temporary connecting rod, the sudden release of internal force can cause structure vibrations and displacement, there is great potential safety hazard to operating personnel, need set up slotted hole bolt node and cushion or offset the structural change (wherein the bolt is M20, the slotted hole short direction 22mm, long to 37mm), connect otic placode and temporary connecting rod welding, connect otic placode and connecting splint bolt joint, 6 temporary connecting rods must be in the middle of the truss after lifting take one's place and welding chord member and web member and removing the lifting mechanism, the side can be dismantled.
The step of lifting the steel truss comprises:
positioning the position of a lifting point of the truss according to the BIM model;
simulating the assembling jig frame mounting process by using a BIM model, and acquiring assembling coordinate data;
installing the hydraulic lifters in place, adjusting the actual installation positions of the components according to the assembly coordinate data, and fixing the lifters in a spot welding manner;
and comparing the spot coordinates of the components after spot welding and fixing with the assembly coordinate data, and fixing the components in a full welding mode after the deviation is confirmed to be in a reasonable range.
The high-altitude separation step comprises the following steps:
after the symmetrically overhanging steel truss is lifted, the rods are supplemented and the welding is finished, the high-altitude separation operation is started;
when the temporary connecting rods are separated, the temporary connecting rods are unloaded layer by layer from the upper layer to the lower layer (the lower layer is removed after the connecting rods are cut and the bolts are loosened in one layer), 2 connecting rods in the same layer are cut synchronously, the bolts are loosened synchronously, the middle of each connecting rod is cut open firstly, then the bolts are loosened slowly one by one, and finally the two ends of each temporary connecting rod are cut to finish the high-altitude separation operation.
The present invention can be easily implemented by those skilled in the art from the above detailed description. It should be understood, however, that the intention is not to limit the invention to the particular embodiments described. On the basis of the disclosed embodiments, a person skilled in the art can combine different technical features at will, thereby implementing different technical solutions.
In addition to the technical features described in the specification, the technology is known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. A construction method of a symmetrical cantilever steel truss of a high-rise building is characterized in that the symmetrical cantilever steel truss is spliced on the ground, integrally lifted and separated in high-rise work; the method comprises the following steps:
1) building a BIM model of the symmetrical cantilever steel truss;
2) carrying out stress checking calculation on the construction process;
3) manufacturing a ground assembled jig frame;
4) assembling on the ground;
5) integrally lifting;
6) after being lifted in place, the components are separated from the air;
the stress checking calculation in the construction process comprises checking whether the cantilever truss and the main tower member meet requirements in the integral lifting process, whether the stress of a rod piece meets the requirements in the welding process of the truss and the main tower after the truss and the main tower are lifted in place, and whether the stress of the main tower and the truss meet the requirements in the high-altitude separation process and the separated main tower;
determining coordinates of lifting points, and assembling the truss rod pieces according to the coordinates of the lifting points during ground assembly;
and during integral lifting, establishing a fitting point wedge diagram by using the three-dimensional coordinate data of the control points of each rod piece, fitting the fitting point wedge diagram with the original BIM model, acquiring deviation data of the control points of each rod piece, and adjusting connection according to the deviation data.
2. The construction method of the symmetrical cantilever steel truss for the high-rise building according to claim 1, wherein after the left and right symmetrical cantilever steel trusses are assembled, the left and right symmetrical cantilever steel trusses are connected by a temporary connecting rod to form a whole; the temporary connecting rod is provided with a connecting lug plate and a connecting bolt, is bolted with the connecting clamp plate through the connecting lug plate and is detached after being lifted in place, the chord member and the web member are welded and the lifter is detached.
3. The construction method of the symmetrical cantilever steel truss of the high-rise building according to claim 1, wherein the step of establishing the BIM model of the symmetrical cantilever steel truss is as follows:
1) establishing point coordinates of the integral model according to construction requirements and forming a line model;
2) forming a preliminary three-dimensional model by matching the line model with construction requirements;
3) independently refining each node of the preliminary three-dimensional model;
4) and stacking the preliminary three-dimensional model after node refinement on the floor where the steel truss of the main tower is located, and aligning the initial point.
4. The symmetrical overhanging steel truss construction structure of high-rise buildings according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the stress checking calculation mode of the construction process is as follows:
importing the model data into calculation software, calculating the working condition analysis of the symmetrical cantilever steel truss in the lifting process, and analyzing the stress state of the symmetrical cantilever steel truss through the maximum stress value and the lifting counter force value of the rod piece;
assuming different displacement values of the lifting points, analyzing the stress state of the symmetrical cantilever steel truss through the maximum stress value and the lifting reaction value of the rod piece;
when the different displacement values of the lifting points are 20mm, the safety margin coefficients of the lifter are all larger than 1.25, and the lifting safety requirement is met; when the stress value of the rod piece is smaller than the allowable value of the strength of the member, and the different displacement values of the lifting points are 20mm, the lifting force of the lifter and the stress of the truss rod piece can meet the requirements.
5. The construction method of the symmetrical cantilever steel truss for the high-rise building according to claim 4, wherein the steps of simulating the construction of the truss and checking the stress during the construction process comprise:
establishing a steel truss structure model, establishing a lifting bracket, a temporary connecting rod and a reinforcing connecting rod, and inputting lifting data;
according to the weight data of the rod pieces, calculating and analyzing the stress of the rod pieces in the whole ground assembling process of the rod pieces;
performing simulation calculation according to the stress and deformation conditions of each rod piece of the steel truss in the lifting process, and judging whether the deformation of the lifting platform is out of limit;
and after the simulation is lifted in place, analyzing and calculating the stress of the steel truss when the temporary connecting rod is detached.
6. The construction method of the symmetrical cantilever steel truss for the high-rise building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ground assembling jig frame comprises:
building a jig frame and pre-arching;
leveling the bottom of the jig frame;
coordinate positioning;
simulating the size of a rechecking jig frame;
the ground integral assembly step comprises:
1) establishing an assembly coordinate system, and placing the three-dimensional model of the main truss in the assembly coordinate system;
2) acquiring control point coordinates from the assembly coordinate system;
3) according to the control point coordinates, rod pieces are spliced on the jig frame according to the splicing sequence of primary splicing, secondary splicing, bottom splicing and top splicing;
4) after the symmetrically-cantilevered steel trusses are assembled, the left truss and the right truss are connected into a whole by the temporary connecting rod in the middle, and the temporary connecting rod is provided with the lug plates and the bolts.
7. The construction method of the symmetrical cantilever steel truss for the high-rise building according to claim 1, wherein a random coordinate system is established on site, namely, a point on the ground is arbitrarily taken as a coordinate origin, a straight line in any direction is an X axis, and the ground is vertically upward and is a Z axis;
measuring three-dimensional coordinate data of control points of each rod piece by using a total station in a random coordinate system;
establishing a fitting point model diagram by using the three-dimensional coordinate data of the rod control points, and fitting the fitting point model diagram with the original model to obtain deviation data of the rod control points;
recording collected data of control points of each rod piece, measuring the coordinates of the control points of the complete rod piece, inputting the coordinates into a CAD (computer aided design), and establishing a fitting point model diagram;
if the deviation data value of the control point of the rod piece is within 5m, the assembly is qualified; deviation data values of the control points of the rod pieces are larger than 5m and smaller than 10m, deviation is made for the sizes, and local fine adjustment is carried out in field installation; and (4) if the deviation data value of the rod piece control point is more than 10m, readjusting and connecting adjacent rod pieces of the control point, and remeasuring by using a total station, wherein the total station can be fully welded for field installation after the total station is qualified.
8. The construction method of the symmetrical cantilever steel truss for the high-rise building according to claim 1 or 7, wherein hydraulic integral lifting is adopted,
positioning the position of a lifting point of the truss according to the BIM model;
simulating the assembling jig frame mounting process by using a BIM model, and acquiring assembling coordinate data;
installing the hydraulic lifters in place, adjusting the actual installation positions of the components according to the assembly coordinate data, and fixing the lifters in a spot welding manner;
comparing the spot coordinates of the components after spot welding and fixing with the assembly coordinate data, and fixing the components in a full welding mode after the deviation is confirmed to be in a reasonable range;
the lifting process is as follows:
fixing a hydraulic lifter on the lifting platform, wherein the lifting steel strand is effectively connected with a lifting hoisting point;
integrally lifting the steel truss at the speed of 6m/h, and monitoring the lifting process by master control;
establishing a fitting point wedge diagram by using the three-dimensional coordinate data of the rod control points, and fitting the fitting point wedge diagram with the original BIM model to obtain deviation data of the rod control points;
when the deviation data value of a rod control point is more than 10m, readjusting connection of adjacent rods of the control point, and re-measuring and re-testing by using a total station;
and when the observation data is not abnormal, the lifter is removed after the chord member and the web member are welded.
9. The construction method of the symmetrical cantilever steel truss for the high-rise building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the high-altitude separation step comprises the following steps:
cutting from the upper layer to the lower layer by layer, and removing the next layer after cutting the connecting rod and loosening the bolt on the first layer; synchronously cutting 2 connecting rods on the same layer, and synchronously loosening bolts; each connecting rod firstly cuts the middle part;
then gradually loosening the bolts, finally cutting the two ends of the temporary connecting rod, and performing high-altitude separation operation;
and (5) rechecking the coordinates of the steel truss.
10. A construction structure of a symmetrical cantilever steel truss of a high-rise building is characterized in that an assembly jig frame is manufactured on the ground, ground assembly is carried out, and high-altitude separation is carried out after the integral lifting;
the structure realizes ground assembly, integral lifting and high-speed separation of the symmetrical cantilever steel truss by the construction method of the symmetrical cantilever steel truss according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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