CN117970037A - SOD change-based multiple lightning identification method for power transmission line - Google Patents
SOD change-based multiple lightning identification method for power transmission line Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/085—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution lines, e.g. overhead
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
- G01R19/17—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values giving an indication of the number of times this occurs, i.e. multi-channel analysers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/088—Aspects of digital computing
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- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for identifying multiple mines of a power transmission line based on SOD change, and belongs to the field of intelligent manufacturing and relay protection of novel power systems. When the protected transmission line suffers from lightning strike to generate faults, performing SOD change on lightning strike fault phase current waveforms to obtain SOD change results of fault phase current waveforms in a wave recording time window; Then, the SOD change is adopted for the current waveform of one non-fault period on the wave recording time window in the S1 to obtain the SOD change result of the current waveform of the same-period non-fault phase; Then by comparisonAnd (3) withDetermining an abnormal point of the current waveform in the wave recording time window; and finally, determining a corresponding abnormal section by the abnormal points, thereby judging the lightning stroke times of the protected power transmission line. The invention only processes and compares the fault phase current information of the line after lightning stroke, does not need to consider the rest information of the current and the rest information of the electric quantity, has simple criterion and reliable result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for identifying multiple mines of a power transmission line based on SOD change, and belongs to the field of intelligent manufacturing and relay protection of novel power systems.
Background
The 110kV overhead transmission line is taken as an important part in a domestic power system, and has great significance in ensuring stable and safe transmission of electric energy. Lightning current is an ultra-strong electromagnetic pulse current, and transient overvoltage can be formed on a power transmission line during lightning cloud discharge. The main research direction of a plurality of students at home and abroad is based on fault components caused by first lightning stroke, and the influence of subsequent lightning stroke is ignored when the fault components are calculated and analyzed. According to statistical data analysis, the number of faults such as line lightning trip over 110kV voltage class is more than 60% of the total number of faults, and according to data of a lightning monitoring system, more than 70% of ground lightning drops are multiple lightning strokes.
However, due to the lack of a corresponding monitoring device, the difficulty in identifying and analyzing subsequent lightning currents is relatively high, the actual operation is relatively difficult, whether the overhead transmission line is caused by single lightning stroke or multiple lightning strokes is difficult to determine, a simple and reliable method is needed, whether the overhead transmission line is subjected to single lightning stroke or multiple lightning strokes can be accurately distinguished after the lightning stroke faults, and a reliable basic effect is played for the lightning stroke protection targeted analysis of the transmission line.
Therefore, the method for identifying the multiple mines of the power transmission line based on SOD variation is provided for solving the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects that the existing method lacks a corresponding monitoring device from the perspective of intelligent manufacturing and relay protection of a novel power system, has higher difficulty in identifying and analyzing subsequent lightning current, is relatively difficult to operate in practice, and is difficult to determine whether an overhead transmission line is caused by single lightning stroke or multiple lightning strokes. Based on the lightning stroke fault identification of the protection device, the invention provides a method for identifying single lightning stroke and multiple lightning strokes by comparing the similarity of current waveforms of each time window.
Based on the above consideration, a multiple lightning identification method of the power transmission line based on SOD change is provided.
A multiple lightning identification method of a power transmission line based on SOD variation is characterized in that: the three-phase current signals of the power transmission line after the fault are collected and identified according to the following steps:
S1: when the protected transmission line suffers from lightning strike to generate faults, performing SOD change on lightning strike fault phase current waveforms to obtain SOD change results of fault phase current waveforms in a wave recording time window ；
S2: the SOD change is adopted for the current waveform of one non-fault period on the wave recording time window in S1, so as to obtain the result of SOD change of the current waveform of the same-period non-fault phase；
S3: by comparison ofAnd/>Determining an abnormal point of the current waveform in the wave recording time window;
S4: and determining a corresponding abnormal section by the abnormal points, so as to judge the lightning stroke times of the protected transmission line.
Preferably, the S1 specifically includes:
Taking out the fault phase current waveform in the short time window to perform fourth-order SOD change to obtain The formula is as follows:
；
Wherein the method comprises the steps of Is the original fault signal.
Preferably, the S2 specifically includes:
Selecting a non-fault period on the wave recording time window in S1, advancing the margin of the wave recording time window by 20ms to obtain a current waveform of the same-period non-fault phase, and performing SOD change on the waveform to obtain 。
Preferably, the step S3 specifically includes:
I, adopt Principle;
Since the data is required to be subjected to normal distribution, in In principle,/>Is 99.7%, then the distance averageThe probability of appearance of values outside is/>Extremely individual, small probability event data, so if more than 3 times the standard deviation, it can be considered an outlier;
a1, calculating The formula is: /(I)
B1, calculatingThe standard deviation of (2) is as follows: /(I)
II by comparison ofAnd/>Difference of each item of data between two arrays and/>Determining abnormal points of current waveforms in the recording time window;
a2, if
Judging the point as a normal point;
b2, if
The point is judged to be an outlier.
Preferably, the S4 specifically includes:
a3, connecting the moments corresponding to the abnormal points to determine an abnormal time period;
b3, if the time interval between the two abnormal time periods is less than 1ms, merging the two abnormal time periods into one abnormal time period;
and c3, counting the number of abnormal time periods in the wave recording time window, and judging that n times of lightning strokes occur in the wave recording time window if the number is recorded as n.
The invention also discloses a transmission line multiple lightning identification system based on SOD change, which is characterized by comprising:
the signal acquisition and processing module is used for acquiring current signals of the circuit and processing and storing the current signals;
a fault starting module for comparing the current change rate Starting a control device according to the setting value;
the fault judging module is used for judging whether the fault is a lightning stroke fault or not;
Lightning stroke identification module for And determining an abnormal section of the current waveform in the wave recording time window by taking the principle as a reference, and identifying single lightning strokes and multiple lightning strokes.
Preferably, the signal acquisition and processing module specifically includes:
The device comprises a current transmitting unit, an A/D conversion unit and a memory.
Preferably, the fault starting module specifically includes:
The current change rate monitoring unit and the sampling device starting unit.
Preferably, the fault discriminating module specifically includes:
And the lightning stroke fault judging unit is used for judging whether the line fault is a lightning stroke fault or not and is not a short circuit or broken line and other faults.
Preferably, the lightning stroke identification module specifically includes:
The data calculation unit is used for carrying out SOD change on lightning stroke fault phase current and the same period fault-free phase current waveform to obtain And/>；
Calculation ofAverage value/>/>Standard deviation/>；
A lightning stroke type identification unit forBy comparison/>, based on principleAnd/>As a result, determining an abnormal section of the current waveform in the wave recording time window, and identifying single lightning strokes and multiple lightning strokes;
and the judging result output unit is used for outputting the lightning stroke type judging result.
The principle of the invention is as follows: the SOD change is adopted to the fault phase current waveform in the wave recording time window by utilizing the fault current waveform collected by the monitoring device arranged on the line so as toAnd determining abnormal sections of the current waveform in the wave recording time window by taking the principle as a reference, and counting the number of the abnormal sections in the wave recording time window to judge whether the single lightning stroke or the multiple lightning stroke exists.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. The SOD change-based transmission line multi-thunder identification method and system are intuitive and simple in principle, clear in physical concept, easy to realize and suitable for practical engineering application;
2. The multiple lightning identification method and system for the power transmission line based on SOD change only processes and compares fault phase current information of the line after lightning stroke, does not need to consider other information of current and other information of electric quantity, has simple criterion and reliable result;
3. The method and the system for identifying the multiple mines of the power transmission line based on the SOD change have the advantages of simple signal processing, no need of using a complex algorithm, and extremely low error probability, and only need to carry out the SOD change on fault phase current waveforms in a wave recording time window.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a model of an AC system;
FIG. 2 is a tower model;
FIG. 3 is a differential version of lightning strike fault current with a single strike amplitude of 30kA at 20km from the head end;
FIG. 4 is a differential version of current for a lightning strike fault with multiple lightning strike magnitudes of 30kA, 8kA, 5kA, respectively, 20km from the head end;
FIG. 5 is a differential version of lightning strike fault current with a single strike amplitude of 30kA at 100km from the head end;
FIG. 6 is a differential version of current for a lightning strike fault with multiple lightning strike magnitudes of 30kA, 8kA, 5kA, respectively, 100km from the head end;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart for transmission line multiple lightning identification;
fig. 8 is a diagram of a transmission line multiple lightning identification system.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
When the lightning stroke fault occurs to the power transmission line, the method and the system can accurately identify the single lightning stroke and the multiple lightning stroke, the single lightning stroke and the multiple lightning stroke identification flow of the power transmission line are shown in the figure 7, and the system is shown in the figure 8. The method comprises the following specific steps:
step1, when the current change rate When the current waveform is larger than the setting value, starting the high-frequency data acquisition and wave recording device, and recording the current waveform before and after the fault;
step2, judging whether the lightning stroke fault is a lightning stroke fault or not by using a lightning stroke fault identification method of the traveling wave protection of the power transmission line, wherein the lightning stroke fault identification method of the traveling wave protection of the power transmission line is an existing method.
Step3, when judging that the lightning strike fault occurs, performing SOD change on the lightning strike fault phase current waveform to obtain an SOD change result of the fault phase current waveform in the wave recording time window；
Step4, adopting SOD change to the current waveform of one non-fault period on the wave recording time window to obtain the SOD change result of the current waveform of the same-period non-fault phase；
Step5, by comparisonAnd/>Determining an abnormal point of the current waveform in the wave recording time window;
Step6, determining a corresponding abnormal section by using the abnormal point;
step7, judging the lightning stroke times of the protected power transmission line through the abnormal section.
Examples are illustrated below: according to the communication system model shown in fig. 1, the reliability of the present invention was verified in two sets of embodiments by simulation software:
Example one:
A 110kV line, 300km, wherein a single lightning stroke with the amplitude of 30kA and multiple lightning strokes with the amplitude of 30kA, 8kA and 5kA respectively occur at a position 20km away from the head end, and the required current extreme value moment is measured at the protection installation position of the station end and the lightning stroke weight is judged;
in order to ensure the reliability of the experiment, only one bus is built, so that the influence caused by bus reflection and refraction waves of a non-protection circuit is avoided, and the sampling rate is 100kHz.
I for single lightning strike
Through carrying out SOD change on fault phase current waveforms in a wave recording time window, four-order SOD change is selected, and the expression is as follows:
Obtaining SOD change result of fault phase current waveform in wave recording time window 。
The margin of the wave recording time window is advanced by 20ms to obtain the current waveform of the same period fault-free phase, and SOD change is carried out on the waveform to obtain。
The average value of (2) is:
the standard deviation of (2) is:
Then
Calculation ofWill/>, thereinThe value of (2) is marked as a normal point; The value of (2) is noted as outliers.
And connecting the moments corresponding to the selected abnormal points to determine that the abnormal time period is [1.00002,1.00016], as shown in figure 3.
In the wave recording time window, only 1 abnormal time period is provided, so that single lightning stroke occurs in the wave recording time window, and the judgment is accurate.
II for multiple lightning strokes
Through carrying out SOD change on fault phase current waveforms in a wave recording time window, four-order SOD change is selected, and the expression is as follows:
；
Obtaining SOD change result of fault phase current waveform in wave recording time window 。
The margin of the wave recording time window is advanced by 20ms to obtain the current waveform of the same period fault-free phase, and SOD change is carried out on the waveform to obtain。
The average value of (2) is:
the standard deviation of (2) is:
Then
Calculation ofWill/>, thereinThe value of (2) is marked as a normal point; The value of (2) is noted as outliers.
And connecting the moments corresponding to the selected abnormal points to determine the abnormal time periods of [1.00002,1.00016], [1.00202,1.00209] and [1.00272,1.00276], as shown in figure 4.
In the wave recording time window, 3 abnormal time periods exist, so that multiple lightning strokes occur in the wave recording time window, the lightning stroke frequency is 3 times, and the judgment is accurate.
Example two:
The method comprises the steps of measuring required current extreme value time and judging lightning strike weight at a protection installation position of a station end, wherein a 110kV line and 300km respectively generate a single lightning strike with the amplitude of 30kA and multiple lightning strikes at a position 100km away from a head end, and the lightning strike with the amplitude of 30kA, 8kA and 5 kA respectively have lightning strike faults.
In order to ensure the reliability of the experiment, a bus is built, and the influence caused by the reflection and refraction waves of the bus of the unprotected circuit is avoided, wherein the sampling rate is 100kHz.
I for single lightning strike
The method can be calculated according to the steps:
The average value of (2) is:
the standard deviation of (2) is:
Then
Calculation ofWill/>, thereinThe value of (2) is marked as a normal point; The value of (2) is noted as outliers.
And connecting the moments corresponding to the selected abnormal points to determine that the abnormal time period is [1.00029,1.00045], as shown in fig. 5.
In the wave recording time window, only 1 abnormal time period is provided, so that single lightning stroke occurs in the wave recording time window, and the judgment is accurate.
II for multiple lightning strokes
The method can be calculated according to the steps:
The average value of (2) is:
the standard deviation of (2) is:
Then
Calculation ofWill/>, thereinThe value of (2) is marked as a normal point; The value of (2) is noted as outliers.
The moments corresponding to the selected abnormal points are connected, and the abnormal time periods [1.00029,1.00045], [1.00229,1.00235], [1.00299,1.00303] are determined as shown in fig. 6.
In the wave recording time window, 3 abnormal time periods exist, so that multiple lightning strokes occur in the wave recording time window, the lightning stroke frequency is 3 times, and the judgment is accurate.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
The results in the table and a large amount of rest simulation experiments show that the invention is not only suitable for judging the lightning stroke types of the existing power transmission lines with various voltage grades, but also suitable for judging the lightning stroke types of the long-distance large-capacity half-wavelength power transmission lines with great development potential in the future. Therefore, the invention can be better applied to engineering practice.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A multiple lightning identification method of a power transmission line based on SOD variation is characterized in that: the three-phase current signals of the power transmission line after the fault are collected and identified according to the following steps:
S1: when the protected transmission line suffers from lightning strike to generate faults, performing SOD change on lightning strike fault phase current waveforms to obtain SOD change results of fault phase current waveforms in a wave recording time window ；
S2: the SOD change is adopted for the current waveform of one non-fault period on the wave recording time window in S1, so as to obtain the result of SOD change of the current waveform of the same-period non-fault phase；
S3: by comparison ofAnd/>Determining an abnormal point of the current waveform in the wave recording time window;
S4: and determining a corresponding abnormal section by the abnormal points, so as to judge the lightning stroke times of the protected transmission line.
2. The method for identifying multiple mines of the power transmission line based on SOD variation according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the S1 specifically comprises the following steps:
Taking out the fault phase current waveform in the short time window to perform fourth-order SOD change to obtain The formula is as follows:
；
Wherein the method comprises the steps of Is the original fault signal.
3. The method for identifying multiple mines of the power transmission line based on SOD variation according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step S2 specifically comprises the following steps:
Selecting a non-fault period on the wave recording time window in S1, advancing the margin of the wave recording time window by 20ms to obtain a current waveform of the same-period non-fault phase, and performing SOD change on the waveform to obtain 。
4. The method for identifying multiple mines of the power transmission line based on SOD variation according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step S3 specifically comprises the following steps:
I, adopt Principle;
a1, calculating The formula is: /(I)；
B1, calculatingThe standard deviation of (2) is as follows: /(I)；
II by comparison ofAnd/>Difference of each item of data between two arrays and/>Determining abnormal points of current waveforms in the recording time window;
a2, if ；
Judging the point as a normal point;
b2, if ；
The point is judged to be an outlier.
5. The method for identifying multiple mines of the power transmission line based on SOD variation according to claim 1,
The method is characterized in that: the step S4 specifically comprises the following steps:
a3, connecting the moments corresponding to the abnormal points to determine an abnormal time period;
b3, if the time interval between the two abnormal time periods is less than 1ms, merging the two abnormal time periods into one abnormal time period;
and c3, counting the number of abnormal time periods in the wave recording time window, and judging that n times of lightning strokes occur in the wave recording time window if the number is recorded as n.
6. The utility model provides a multiple thunder identification system of transmission line based on SOD changes which characterized in that includes:
The signal acquisition and processing module (1) is used for acquiring current signals of the circuit and processing and storing the current signals;
a fault starting module (2) for comparing the current change rate Starting a control device according to the setting value;
the fault judging module (3) is used for judging whether the fault is a lightning stroke fault or not;
A lightning stroke identification module (4) for use in a lightning stroke detection system And determining an abnormal section of the current waveform in the wave recording time window by taking the principle as a reference, and identifying single lightning strokes and multiple lightning strokes.
7. The SOD variation-based transmission line multiple lightning identification system of claim 6, wherein: the signal acquisition and processing module (1) specifically comprises:
a current transmitting unit (101), an A/D converting unit (102) and a memory (103).
8. The SOD variation-based transmission line multiple lightning identification system of claim 6, wherein: the fault starting module (2) specifically comprises:
A current change rate monitoring unit (201) and a sampling device starting unit (202).
9. The SOD variation-based transmission line multiple lightning identification system of claim 6, wherein: the fault discrimination module (3) specifically comprises:
And the lightning stroke fault judging unit (301) is used for judging whether the line fault is a lightning stroke fault or not and is not a short circuit or broken line and other faults.
10. The SOD variation-based transmission line multiple lightning identification system of claim 6, wherein: the lightning stroke identification module (4) specifically comprises:
A data calculation unit (401) for performing SOD change on lightning strike fault phase current and same period non-fault phase current waveform to obtain And/>；
Calculation ofAverage value/>/>Standard deviation/>；
A lightning strike type recognition unit (402) for use inBy comparison/>, based on principleAnd/>As a result, determining an abnormal section of the current waveform in the wave recording time window, and identifying single lightning strokes and multiple lightning strokes;
and a discrimination result output unit (403) for outputting a lightning stroke type discrimination result.
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