CN117969020A - Test device suitable for motion simulation of ice-rock debris flow - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a test device suitable for ice-rock debris flow motion simulation, which comprises a flow groove, a rotary drum type material box, a rotary driving assembly and a material releasing mechanism, wherein the flow groove is obliquely arranged and provided with a first end and a second end, the first end is higher than the second end, the flow groove is provided with a U-shaped notch, the rotary drum type material box is erected above the U-shaped notch of the flow groove and is close to the first end, a material opening is arranged on the circumferential side wall of the rotary drum type material box, the rotary drum type material box is sleeved and fixed on a rotating shaft, and two sides of the rotating shaft are connected with a bracket; the rotary driving assembly is provided with a rotary output end, and the rotary output end is connected with one end of the rotating shaft and used for driving the rotating shaft to rotate, and the material releasing mechanism is arranged at the material opening and used for opening or closing the material opening. The invention utilizes the rotary drum type feed box to mix the ice-rock fragments, can infinitely prolong the interaction time of the ice and the rock, and solves the problem that the ice fragments are difficult to melt due to the limitation of the size of the flow groove in the traditional flow slide test.

Description

Test device suitable for motion simulation of ice-rock debris flow

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of physical simulation of geological disasters, in particular to a test device suitable for motion simulation of ice-rock debris flow.

Background

The geological disasters of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau have large quantity, large scale and strong disaster-causing capacity, and seriously threaten the construction and safe operation of important engineering. The ice-rock debris flow is a unique high-speed remote geological disaster in Qinghai-Tibet plateau and similar mountain areas, and is a high-speed flowing geological disaster formed by ice scraps and rock-soil particle mixtures in alpine mountain areas. Unlike high-speed remote geological disasters in a general sense, the most obvious characteristic of the ice-rock debris flow is the participation of ice scraps, so that the catastrophe process of the ice-rock debris flow involves complex water-force-heat coupling action and ice water phase change effect, the disaster causing capability of the ice-rock debris flow is obviously enhanced, and the rapid movement speed, wide wave range and strong impact effect are shown.

Indoor scale physical simulation test is an important scientific approach for understanding geological disasters. For landslide debris flow and debris flow, a relatively complete hierarchical similarity scale design method is formed at present, and the simulation process is ensured to have a similar physical mechanism as a prototype from macroscopic and microscopic scales respectively. However, the complex water-force-heat-coupling process causes that the physical simulation of the rock debris flow faces greater challenges, and experimental research is difficult to develop by completely relying on a hierarchical similarity design method.

The ice-water phase change is an essential physical property of the material under the action of heat, the time required by the ice-water phase change is not changed in an equal proportion in the scaling process, and the time scale of the ice-water phase change in physical simulation is seriously inconsistent with the macroscopic inertial time scale of the ice-rock detritus flow, so that the ice-rock detritus flow-force-heat coupling process is difficult to reproduce effectively. For example, on a prototype scale, the duration of the high-speed ice-rock debris flow can reach at least 102-103 s, however, the water tank flow test on a laboratory scale is limited by the test scale, the length of the obliquely arranged flow tank is limited, the movement time of the debris flow in the obliquely arranged flow tank is more than 10s and even shorter, the consistency of the ice-water phase change time scale and the macroscopic inertia time scale of the ice-rock debris flow in physical simulation is difficult to ensure, the ice-water phase change influence cannot be fully considered, the problems that the movement of a sliding body is short in time and the ice debris is difficult to fully melt are solved, and the accuracy of an experimental result is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a test device suitable for ice-rock debris flow motion simulation, so as to solve the problems that a traditional sliding simulation device is short in sliding body motion time and ice debris is difficult to sufficiently melt.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a test device suitable for ice-rock fragment stream motion simulation, includes flow tank, rotary drum workbin, rotary drive subassembly and the release mechanism that the slope set up, the flow tank has first end and second end, first end is higher than the second end, the flow tank has U-shaped notch, and the U-shaped notch upwards sets up, and the rotary drum workbin is vertical to be set up in the U-shaped notch, and is close to first end department, be equipped with the feed opening on the circumference lateral wall of rotary drum workbin, rotary drum workbin suit is fixed on the pivot, the both sides and the leg joint of pivot; the rotary driving assembly is provided with a rotary output end, the rotary output end is connected with one end of the rotating shaft and used for driving the rotating shaft to rotate, and the material releasing mechanism is arranged at the material opening and used for opening or closing the material opening.

Preferably, as a further improvement of the present invention, the rotary driving assembly includes a driving motor, the driving motor is fixed on the bracket, and an output shaft of the driving motor is connected with the rotating shaft.

Preferably, as a further improvement of the invention, the top of the bracket is fixed with a supporting frame, the rotary drum type feed box is positioned in the supporting frame, the middle part of the rotary drum type feed box is provided with a through hole, one end of the rotating shaft far away from the driving motor passes through the through hole and is rotationally connected with the inner wall of the supporting frame, one end of the rotating shaft close to the driving motor is circumferentially fixed with a plurality of connecting rods, and the connecting rods are fixed with the outer wall of one side of the rotary drum type feed box.

Preferably, as a further improvement of the invention, the material releasing mechanism comprises a gate, a first electromagnet, a pressure spring, a second electromagnet and a high-speed moving module, wherein the gate is made of magnetic attraction materials, the gate is arranged at the material port, the cross section of the material port is in an inverted T shape, the shape of the gate is matched with that of the material port, the first electromagnet is embedded on the inner walls of the two sides of the material port, the pressure spring is arranged between the gate and the material port, one end of the pressure spring is fixed with the material port opposite to the side wall of the gate, the second electromagnet is fixed at the bottom of the gate, the high-speed moving module is arranged on the outer wall of the rotary drum type material box and is close to the material port, the high-speed moving module is provided with a moving output end, and the moving output end is connected with a magnetic plate, and when the second electromagnet is adsorbed on the magnetic plate, the high-speed moving module drives the magnetic plate to move to the side of the material port.

Preferably, as a further improvement of the present invention, the high-speed moving module includes two sliding rails, two supporting rods, a fixing frame, a telescopic sleeve rod and a limiter, the two sliding rails are arranged in parallel on two sides below the material port, two ends of the two sliding rails are respectively fixed with the outer wall of the rotary drum type material box through supporting frames, the two supporting rods are arranged in parallel below the two sliding rails, the two supporting rods are perpendicular to the two sliding rails, two ends of each supporting rod are provided with sliding blocks, the sliding blocks are in sliding connection with the sliding rails, the magnetic plate is fixed between the two supporting rods, the fixing frame is fixed at the bottom of one supporting frame, the fixing frame is connected with the supporting rods through a plurality of tension springs, the telescopic sleeve rod is vertically fixed on the other supporting frame, the limiter is in a T shape, the horizontal end of the limiter is fixed with the end of the telescopic sleeve rod, and the vertical end of the limiter is used for hanging with the other supporting rod.

Preferably, as a further improvement of the invention, a stacking groove is arranged at the second end of the flow groove, the side wall of the second end of the flow groove is hinged with the notch of the stacking groove, and an angle adjusting mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the first end of the flow groove and used for adjusting the inclination degree of the flow groove so as to simulate the flow process of the ice-rock detritus flow at different inclination angles.

Preferably, as a further improvement of the present invention, the angle adjusting mechanism includes a gate type supporting frame and a winding machine, the gate type supporting frame is disposed at a side close to the first end of the flow groove, the winding machine is fixed on the gate type supporting frame, a rope is wound on the winding machine, and one end of the rope is fixed with the bottom of the flow groove.

Preferably, as a further improvement of the invention, the bottom of the bracket is provided with a first lifting platform.

Preferably, as a further improvement of the present invention, the rotary drum type ice-rock debris flow speed measuring device further comprises a substrate stress measuring module, a flow depth measuring module, a flow speed measuring module and a control unit, wherein the substrate stress measuring module is arranged on the inner wall of the rotary drum type bin and is used for monitoring the total pressure and the hole pressure of the substrate, the flow depth measuring module is arranged on the output shaft of the driving motor and is used for monitoring the flow depth of the ice-rock debris, the flow speed measuring module is arranged in the rotary drum type bin through a second lifting platform and is used for monitoring the flow speed of the ice-rock debris, and the rotary driving assembly, the material releasing mechanism, the substrate stress measuring module, the flow depth measuring module and the flow speed measuring module are respectively electrically connected with the control unit.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. The invention utilizes the rotating drum type feed box to mix the ice-rock chip test, can be suitable for the simulation of ice water phase change in the small-scale flow slide test, has the advantages of infinitely prolonging the ice-rock interaction time, ensuring the consistency of the ice-water phase change time scale and the macroscopic inertia time scale of the ice-rock chip flow in the physical simulation, fully considering the influence of the ice-water phase change, solving the problem that ice chips are difficult to melt due to the limitation of the size of a flow groove in the traditional flow slide test, and improving the accuracy of experimental results.

2. Through the release mechanism that sets up for rotary drum workbin feed gate department, can open the feed gate and release the rock sample of ice at the specific stage to accomplish the simulation of ice-rock piece flow, can realize automatic and accurate experimental simulation process.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a first perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a second perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the invention at I-I in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a first motion state of the present invention for an ice-rock chip release process;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a second motion state of the ice-rock chip release process according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the operation of the first stage of the gate opening process according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the second stage of operation of the gate opening process of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the third stage of the gate opening process according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing a first stage of opening a shutter by a high-speed moving module according to the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the second stage of operation of the present invention in which the gate is opened by the high speed movement module;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing a third stage of opening a shutter by a high-speed moving module according to the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the control signal formation of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 to 12. In the description of the invention, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first", "a second" may include one or more such features, either explicitly or implicitly; in the description of the invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

Examples

As shown in fig. 1 to 12, the embodiment of the invention provides a test device suitable for ice-rock debris flow motion simulation, which comprises a flow groove 1, a rotary drum type material box 2, a rotary driving assembly 5 and a material releasing mechanism, wherein the flow groove 1 is provided with a first end and a second end, the first end is higher than the second end, the flow groove 1 is provided with a U-shaped groove opening, the U-shaped groove opening is upwards arranged, the rotary drum type material box 2 is vertically arranged in the U-shaped groove opening of the flow groove 1 and is close to the first end, a material opening 22 is arranged on the circumferential side wall of the rotary drum type material box 2, the rotary drum type material box 2 is sleeved and fixed on a rotary shaft 51, and two sides of the rotary shaft 51 are connected with a bracket 3; the rotary driving assembly 5 has a rotary output end, and the rotary output end is connected with one end of the rotating shaft 51, and is used for driving the rotating shaft 51 to rotate, and the material releasing mechanism is arranged at the material opening 22 and is used for opening or closing the material opening 22.

In this embodiment, the rotary driving assembly 5 is provided to drive the rotary drum type material box 2 to rotate, and the rotary drum type material box 2 is utilized to perform the mixing of the ice-rock chip test, which has the advantages of infinitely prolonging the ice-rock interaction time, thereby considering the influence of ice-water phase change, avoiding the problem that the ice chip is difficult to melt due to the short movement time of the traditional chute, and simultaneously opening the material opening and releasing the ice rock sample at a specific stage through the material releasing mechanism arranged at the material opening 22 of the rotary drum type material box 2, thereby completing the simulation of the ice-rock chip flow.

Specifically, as an alternative implementation manner of the rotary driving assembly 5, the rotary driving assembly 5 is a driving motor, the driving motor is fixed on the bracket 3, an output shaft of the driving motor is connected with the rotating shaft 51 through a coupling, and when the rotating shaft 51 is driven to rotate by the rotary driving assembly 5 so as to drive the rotary drum type feed box 2 to rotate, the rotating shaft 51 is driven by controlling the driving motor.

Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, in order to avoid the tilting of the drum type bin 2 during the rotation process, a supporting frame 31 is fixed at the top of the bracket 3, the drum type bin 2 is located in the supporting frame 31, two sides of the drum type bin 2 can be limited by the supporting frame 31, meanwhile, in order to facilitate feeding into the drum type bin 2 and observing the melting state of the ice-rock debris flow in the drum type bin 2, a through hole 21 is formed in the middle of the drum type bin 2, one end of a rotating shaft 51, far away from a driving motor, penetrates through the through hole 21 and is rotationally connected with the inner wall of the supporting frame 31, one end of the rotating shaft 51, close to the driving motor, is circumferentially fixed with a plurality of connecting rods 52, and the plurality of connecting rods 52 are fixed with one side outer wall of the drum type bin 2.

The bottom of the supporting frame 31 is connected with an electromagnetic heating module 11 through a mounting frame, the electromagnetic heating module 11 is an electromagnetic heating plate, and the electromagnetic heating plate can simulate the substrate heat generating behavior in the process of the ice-rock debris flow movement, so that the melting speed of the ice-rock debris can be regulated.

Specifically, as an implementation mode of the material releasing mechanism, the material releasing mechanism comprises a gate 61, a first electromagnet 62, a pressure spring 63, a second electromagnet 64 and a high-speed moving module, wherein the gate 61 is made of magnetic material and is arranged at the material port 22, the cross section of the material port 22 is in an inverted T shape, the shape of the gate 61 is matched with that of the material port 22, the first electromagnet 62 is embedded on the inner walls of two sides of the material port 22, the pressure spring 63 is arranged between the gate 61 and the material port, one end of the pressure spring 63 is fixed with the material port opposite to the side wall of the gate 61, the second electromagnet 64 is fixed at the bottom of the gate 61, the high-speed moving module is arranged on the outer wall of the rotary drum type material box 2 and is arranged close to the material port 22, the high-speed moving module is provided with a moving output end, and the moving output end is connected with a magnetic plate 65, and when the second electromagnet 64 is adsorbed to the magnetic plate 65, the high-speed moving module drives the magnetic plate 65 to move to the side of the material port 22.

In this embodiment, the material preparation stage and the release stage of the ice-rock debris flow can be realized through the provided material release mechanism, and the specific principle is as follows:

When in the material making stage, as shown in fig. 6, the gate 61 is tightly attached to the material port 22, the first electromagnet 62 and the pressure spring 63 are embedded in the material port 22, and when the gate 61 is closed, the first electromagnet 62 is used for adsorbing and fixing the gate, so that the gate is prevented from falling off. At this time, the compression spring 63 is in a compressed state, accumulates elastic force, and reserves power for opening the shutter.

When in the release phase:

First, as shown in fig. 7, in the radial open state of the shutter 61, the first electromagnet 62 loses the restraining function under the control signal, the compression spring 63 starts to work, the shutter 61 is opened by its elastic force, and the control signal activates the second electromagnet 64.

Finally, in the side open state of the gate 61, as shown in fig. 8, after the gate 61 is opened radially, the gate 61 will be attracted to the magnetic plate 65 by the second electromagnet 64 due to the second electromagnet 64 being started, and the magnetic plate 65 and the gate 61 will be driven to move to the side of the material port 22 by the high-speed moving module, so as to thoroughly open the material port 22 and complete the material feeding.

Further, as shown in fig. 9 to 11, as a specific embodiment of the high-speed moving module, the high-speed moving module includes two slide rails 71, two support rods 73, a fixing frame 75, a telescopic sleeve rod 77 and a limiter 78, wherein the two slide rails 71 are arranged on two sides below the material inlet 22 in parallel, two ends of the two slide rails 71 are respectively fixed with the outer wall of the drum type material box 2 through the support frames 72, the two support rods 73 are arranged below the two slide rails 71 in parallel, the two support rods 73 are perpendicular to the two slide rails 71, two ends of each support rod 73 are fixed with a sliding block 74, the sliding blocks 74 are in sliding connection with the slide rails 71, a magnetic plate 65 is fixed between the two support rods 73, the fixing frame 75 is fixed at the bottom of one support frame 72, the fixing frame 75 is connected with the support rods 73 through a plurality of tension springs 76, the telescopic sleeve rod 77 is vertically fixed on the other support frame 72, the limiter 78 is in a T shape, the horizontal end of the limiter 78 is fixed with the end of the telescopic sleeve rod 77, and the vertical end of the limiter 78 is used for being hung with the other support rod 73.

When the gate 61 is opened laterally by the high-speed moving module, referring to fig. 9, the slider 74 is slid along the guide rail 71 to a side close to the stopper 78, and is hung on the support rod 73 close to the side by the stopper 78, at this time, the tension spring 76 is elongated to accumulate force, referring to fig. 10, when the gate 61 is opened radially, the second electromagnet 64 generates suction force to drive the gate 61 to be adsorbed on the magnetic plate 65, at this time, an upward thrust force is given to the magnetic plate 65, so that the stopper 78 loses the capacity of limiting the support rod 73, referring to fig. 11, thereby driving the gate 61 to translate to the side of the material port 22 along the direction of the guide rail 71 under the tension force of the tension spring 76, and meanwhile, in practical design, in order to avoid interference, other components except the gate 61, the magnetic plate 65, the second electromagnet 64 and the like are made of materials which are not adsorbed by magnetic force, such as aluminum alloy.

Further, in order to avoid water leakage after the ice chips are melted, a water stop strip 611 is arranged on the side wall of the gate 61 opposite to the material inlet, and when the gate 61 is closed, the water stop strip 611 is pressed tightly, so that a sealing function is provided, and water leakage after the ice chips are melted is avoided.

Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a stacking groove 8 is further included, and the stacking groove 8 is provided at the second end of the flow groove 1 for simulating a stacking process after the deceleration of the ice-rock chip flow.

Further, in order to enable simulation of the flow process of the ice-rock chip flow at different inclinations, the side wall at the second end of the flow slot 1 is hinged with the notch of the stacking slot 8, and the bottom of the first end of the flow slot 1 is provided with an angle adjusting mechanism.

Specifically, the angle adjusting mechanism includes a door-type supporting frame 91 and a winding machine 92, the door-type supporting frame 91 is arranged at one side close to the first end of the flow groove 1, the winding machine 92 is fixed on the door-type supporting frame 91, a rope 93 is wound on the winding machine 92, and one end of the rope 93 is fixed with the bottom of the flow groove 1.

When the inclination angle of the flow groove 1 is adjusted by the angle adjusting mechanism, the rope 93 is controlled to be tightened or released by controlling the hoist 92, when the rope 93 is tightened, the rope 93 lifts the flow groove 1, rotates the flow groove 1 around the hinge position thereof with the stacking groove 8, and increases the inclination angle thereof, and when the rope 93 is released, the rope 93 lowers the flow groove 1, rotates the flow groove 1 around the hinge position thereof with the stacking groove 8, and decreases the inclination angle thereof.

Further, in order to adjust the inclination of the flow tank 1 by the angle adjusting mechanism, the height of the drum type feed box 2 can be adjusted simultaneously to adapt to the height change of the flow tank 1, so that the bottom of the bracket 3 is provided with a first lifting platform 32, the first lifting platform 32 is a hydraulic lifting platform, the top of the hydraulic lifting platform is rigidly connected with the bottom of the supporting table 8, and the bottom of the hydraulic lifting platform is rigidly connected with the ground by an anchor bolt.

Example 2

The present embodiment is based on the above embodiment, considering that the drum type bin 2 is in high speed rotation, it is difficult to finish feeding by manually judging and opening the gate 61, and thus an automatic detection module is required to judge whether the feeding stage is reached, thereby forming a control signal, and performing automatic control, and thus further includes a base stress measurement module 12, a flow depth measurement module 13, a flow rate measurement module 14, and a control unit, wherein the base stress measurement module 12 is an earth pressure sensor and a hole pressure sensor, respectively fixed on the inner wall of the drum type bin 2, the total pressure of the rock debris flow is obtained through the earth pressure sensor, the hole pressure of the rock debris flow is obtained through the hole pressure sensor, the effective stress of the rock debris flow is obtained by subtracting the obtained hole pressure from the obtained total pressure, the liquefaction state of the rock-ice mixture can be judged through effective stress, wherein the flow depth measuring module 13 is a laser displacement machine, is arranged on an output shaft 51 of a driving motor, rotates synchronously along with the output shaft 51 and the rotary drum type material box 2 and is used for monitoring the flow depth of ice-rock fragments in the rotary drum type material box 2, wherein the flow rate measuring module 14 is a high-speed camera, is arranged on the outer side of the rotary drum type material box 2, a second lifting platform 141 is arranged at the bottom of the high-speed camera, the second lifting platform 141 is a hydraulic lifting platform, the height of the high-speed camera is adjusted through the hydraulic lifting platform, and then the high-speed camera extends into the rotary drum type material box 2 from a through hole 21 to monitor the flow speed of the ice-rock fragments in the rotary drum type material box 2, and the rotary driving assembly 5, the material releasing mechanism, the electromagnetic heating module 11, the substrate stress measuring module 12 and the flow depth measuring module 13 are arranged on the bottom of the rotary drum type material box 2, the flow rate measurement modules 14 are electrically connected to the control unit, respectively.

In this embodiment, the substrate stress measurement module 12 is used to monitor the total pressure of the substrate and the hole pressure of the substrate, the flow depth measurement module 13 is used to monitor the flow depth of the ice-rock fragments, and the flow rate measurement module 14 is used to monitor the flow speed of the ice-rock fragments, so that the characterization of the flow state of the ice rock fragments is completed by the four parameters. The flow state characterization adopts the Froude number and the Savage number, and the different Froude numbers and the Savage arrays are used as the basis for forming the control signals. And calibrating a series of flow states and control signals according to the test purpose and the requirement. After forming the control signal, the first electromagnet 62 can be controlled synchronously in series by the control unit, the second electromagnet 64 opens the gate 61, and the control signal is set in advance according to the result of the calibration test, so that the automatic detection and automatic execution of the feeding stage are realized, the control signal can be customized by a user according to the flow state characterization parameters and the test purpose constructed by the monitored four parameters of the total substrate stress, the substrate pore pressure, the flow depth of the rock fragments and the flow speed, and the like, after the gate 61 is completely opened, the ice-rock fragments lose the bottom support, namely rapidly flow out from the opening and enter the flow groove 1, so that a high-speed ice-rock fragment flow is formed, and then the movement is completed until stopping.

The whole test flow of the invention is as follows:

Step 1, firstly selecting a thermostatic chamber, setting the temperature of the thermostatic chamber according to test requirements, keeping the temperature below a freezing point and constant in the test process, and arranging and adjusting the electromagnetic heating module 11. Then, the device is assembled, a substrate stress measuring module 12, a flow depth measuring module 13 and a flow velocity measuring module 14 are arranged, a flow groove 1 and a stacking groove 8 are arranged according to test requirements, and if the impact of the rock debris flow on an engineering structure acts, a structural model can be installed in the area of the stacking groove 8, and related technologies can refer to the related technologies in the prior art.

Step 2, initializing a material releasing device, closing a gate 61, developing a calibration test, starting a material releasing mechanism in a manual triggering mode in the calibration process, and determining the corresponding relation between a target test working condition and a control signal through a series of calibration tests;

Step 3, preparing rock scraps and ice scraps, preparing mixed samples according to the grain size grading and the like required by test purposes, filling the mixed samples into a rotary drum type feed box 2, and controlling the stacking range and stacking form of the ice rock samples at the bottom of the feed box during filling so as to ensure that each group of tests have similar initial states;

And 4, starting the motor and the electromagnetic heating module, and recording data of the set constant temperature chamber temperature T, the electromagnetic heating temperature M and the rotating speed V of the material box. Then, the rotary drum type feed box 2 is rotated through the rotary driving assembly 5, the state of the rock ice test in the feed box is observed until all the ice scraps are melted, and data acquired by a substrate stress measuring module, a flow depth measuring module, a flow velocity measuring module and other measuring modules in the test process are recorded; analyzing test data, calculating a fluid state F characterization parameter, and drawing a relation curve of a thermostatic chamber temperature T, an electromagnetic heating temperature M, a material box rotating speed V and the fluid state F.

And 5, changing parameter data of the temperature T of the thermostatic chamber, the electromagnetic heating temperature M and the rotating speed V of the material box, repeating the steps 2 to 4, and drawing a series of relation curves of the temperature T of the thermostatic chamber, the electromagnetic heating temperature M, the rotating speed V of the material box and the fluid state F.

And 6, determining a rock releasing test at which flowing stage is required according to the test purpose, and constructing a control signal S as a basis for controlling the material releasing according to the drawn relation curve of the temperature T of the thermostatic chamber, the electromagnetic heating temperature M, the rotating speed V of the material box and the flow state F.

And 7, setting the grades of the control signals S under different constant temperature temperatures T, electromagnetic heating temperatures M, bin rotating speeds V and flow states F, repeating the step 3, and manually triggering the material releasing device to form an ice-rock chip flow when the preset control signals S are reached, recording speed data U when the ice-rock chip flow moves to the middle of the flow groove, and drawing the corresponding relation between the constant temperature temperatures T, the electromagnetic heating temperatures M, the bin rotating speeds V and the flow states F and the speeds U when the ice-rock chip flow moves to the middle of the flow groove. Thereby providing basis for constructing automatic triggering and releasing materials.

And 8, according to test requirements, parameters such as ice content and the like and the inclination angle of the flow tank 2 can be changed by controlling the lifting of the first lifting platform 32 and the second lifting platform 141, and the corresponding relations of different ice contents, different inclination angles of the flow tank 2, different constant temperature chamber temperatures T, electromagnetic heating temperatures M, a rotating speed V of a material box and control signals S under a fluid state F and speed data U when the ice-rock debris flow moves to the middle of the flow tank are drawn, so that the functional phase diagram of the test device is further perfected.

And 9, setting a proper control signal according to the drawn functional phase diagram with reference to the test purpose, and formally starting the test. The related steps refer to the steps 1 to 4, and the difference is that the material releasing device automatically detects and automatically triggers.

The foregoing disclosure is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any variations within the scope of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Claims (9)

1. Test device suitable for ice-rock fragment stream motion simulation, including slope setting's flow cell (1), flow cell (1) have first end and second end, first end is higher than the second end, flow cell (1) have U-shaped notch, its characterized in that still includes:

The rotary drum type material box (2) is erected above the U-shaped notch of the flow groove (1) and is close to the first end, a material opening (22) is formed in the circumferential side wall of the rotary drum type material box (2), the rotary drum type material box (2) is sleeved and fixed on a rotating shaft (51), and two sides of the rotating shaft (51) are connected with the support (3);

The rotary driving assembly (5) is provided with a rotary output end, and the rotary output end is connected with one end of the rotating shaft (51) and is used for driving the rotating shaft (51) to rotate;

the material releasing mechanism is arranged at the material opening (22) and is used for opening or closing the material opening (22).

2. Test device suitable for the simulation of ice-rock debris flow movement according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotary drive assembly (5) comprises a drive motor fixed to the support (3), the output shaft of which is connected to the rotation shaft (51).

3. The test device suitable for ice-rock debris flow motion simulation according to claim 2, wherein a supporting frame (31) is fixed at the top of the support (3), the rotary drum type material box (2) is located in the supporting frame (31), a through hole (21) is formed in the middle of the rotary drum type material box (2), one end, far away from the driving motor, of the rotating shaft (51) penetrates through the through hole (21) and is rotationally connected with the inner wall of the supporting frame (31), a plurality of connecting rods (52) are circumferentially fixed at one end, close to the driving motor, of the rotating shaft (51), and the plurality of connecting rods (52) are fixed with the outer wall of one side of the rotary drum type material box (2).

4. The test device for ice-rock fragment stream motion simulation according to claim 1, wherein the material release mechanism comprises:

the gate (61) is made of magnetic materials and is arranged at the material port (22), the cross section of the material port (22) is in an inverted T shape, and the shape of the gate (61) is matched with the shape of the material port (22);

The first electromagnets (62) are embedded on the inner walls of the two sides of the material opening (22);

The pressure spring (63) is arranged between the gate (61) and the material port, and one end of the pressure spring (63) is fixed with the side wall of the material port, which is opposite to the gate (61);

a second electromagnet (64) fixed at the bottom of the gate (61);

The high-speed moving module is arranged on the outer wall of the rotary drum type material box (2) and is close to the material opening (22), the high-speed moving module is provided with a moving output end, the moving output end is connected with a magnetic plate (65), and when the second electromagnet (64) is adsorbed to the magnetic plate (65), the high-speed moving module drives the magnetic plate (65) to move to the side of the material opening (22).

5. The test device adapted for ice-rock fragment stream motion simulation of claim 4, wherein the high speed movement module comprises:

two slide rails (71) are arranged in parallel on two sides below the material opening (22), and two ends of the two slide rails (71) are respectively fixed with the outer wall of the rotary drum type material box (2) through a supporting frame (72);

The two support rods (73) are arranged below the two slide rails (71) in parallel, the two support rods (73) are perpendicular to the two slide rails (71), sliding blocks (74) are fixed at two ends of each support rod (73), the sliding blocks (74) are in sliding connection with the slide rails (71), and the magnetic force plate (65) is fixed between the two support rods (73);

The fixing frame (75) is fixed at the bottom of one of the supporting frames (72), and the fixing frame (75) is connected with the supporting rods (73) through a plurality of tension springs (76);

A telescopic sleeve rod (77) vertically fixed on the other support frame (72);

the limiter (78) is T-shaped, the horizontal end of the limiter (78) is fixed with the end part of the telescopic sleeve rod (77), and the vertical end of the limiter (78) is used for being connected with another supporting rod (73) in a hanging mode.

6. The test device suitable for ice-rock debris flow motion simulation according to claim 1, wherein a stacking groove (8) is formed at the second end of the flow groove (1), the second end side wall of the flow groove (1) is hinged with the notch of the stacking groove (8), and an angle adjusting mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the first end of the flow groove (1) and used for adjusting the inclination degree of the flow groove (1) so as to simulate the flow process of the ice-rock debris flow under different inclination angles.

7. The test device for ice-rock fragment stream motion simulation according to claim 6, wherein the angle adjustment mechanism comprises:

a gate support (91) arranged on one side close to the first end of the flow channel (1);

The winch (92) is fixed on the door type supporting frame (91), a rope (93) is wound on the winch (92), and one end of the rope (93) is fixed with the bottom of the flowing groove (1).

8. Test device suitable for the simulation of the movement of ice-rock fragments according to claim 7, characterized in that the bottom of the support (3) is provided with a first lifting platform (32).

9. Test device suitable for ice-rock fragment flow simulation according to any one of claims 1-8, further comprising a base stress measurement module (12), a flow depth measurement module (13), a flow rate measurement module (14) and a control unit, wherein the base stress measurement module (12) is arranged on the inner wall of the drum bin (2) for monitoring the base total pressure and the base pore pressure, the flow depth measurement module (13) is arranged on the rotating shaft (51) for monitoring the ice-rock fragment flow depth, the flow rate measurement module (14) is arranged in the drum bin (2) through a second lifting platform (141) for monitoring the ice-rock fragment flow speed, and the rotary driving assembly (5), the material releasing mechanism, the base stress measurement module (12), the flow depth measurement module (13) and the flow rate measurement module (14) are respectively electrically connected with the control unit.