CN117968512A - Non-magnetic metal plate thickness measuring method based on eddy current effect - Google Patents
Non-magnetic metal plate thickness measuring method based on eddy current effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN117968512A CN117968512A CN202410131791.5A CN202410131791A CN117968512A CN 117968512 A CN117968512 A CN 117968512A CN 202410131791 A CN202410131791 A CN 202410131791A CN 117968512 A CN117968512 A CN 117968512A
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011478 gradient descent method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of non-magnetic metal plate thickness measurement, in particular to a non-magnetic metal plate thickness measurement method based on an eddy current effect, which is realized by adopting the following steps: step one: setting up a measuring system; step two: the method comprises the steps that an upper computer is used for initially setting the excitation frequency of an impedance analyzer; step three: selecting at least three non-magnetic metal plates with known thickness, and measuring thickness measurement characteristic values of each non-magnetic metal plate one by one; step four: fitting out environmental parameters; step five: selecting a non-magnetic metal plate with unknown thickness, and measuring a thickness measurement characteristic value of the non-magnetic metal plate; step six: the thickness of the nonmagnetic metal plate is calculated. The invention solves the problem that the existing non-magnetic metal plate thickness measurement technology has low measurement accuracy under the influence of experience and skill of measurement personnel and environmental interference, and is suitable for the thickness measurement of non-magnetic metal plates.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of non-magnetic metal plate thickness measurement, in particular to a non-magnetic metal plate thickness measurement method based on an eddy current effect.
Background
In industrial production, thickness is a critical parameter that directly affects the subsequent use and safety of the non-magnetic metal sheet. Therefore, thickness measurement of the nonmagnetic metal plate is of great importance. Currently, two methods are commonly used for measuring the thickness of a non-magnetic metal plate: the first method is a manual measurement method, namely, a measurer holds vernier calipers to measure the nonmagnetic metal plates one by one. In practical application, the measurement result of the method is greatly affected by experience and skills of a measurer, so that the method has the problem of low measurement accuracy. The second method is an ultrasonic measurement method, i.e., measuring the thickness of a non-magnetic metal plate using the principle of ultrasonic pulse reflection. In practical application, the measurement result of the method is greatly affected by environmental interference, so that the method also has the problem of low measurement accuracy. Based on the above, it is necessary to invent a non-magnetic metal plate thickness measuring method based on eddy current effect, so as to solve the problem that the existing non-magnetic metal plate thickness measuring technology has low measuring accuracy under the influence of experience and skill of measuring personnel and environmental interference.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a non-magnetic metal plate thickness measuring method based on an eddy current effect, which aims to solve the problem that the existing non-magnetic metal plate thickness measuring technology is low in measuring accuracy under the influence of experience and skill of measuring personnel and environmental interference.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the method for measuring the thickness of the non-magnetic metal plate based on the eddy current effect is realized by adopting the following steps:
step one: setting up a measuring system;
The measuring system comprises a double-coil eddy current sensor, an impedance analyzer and an upper computer; the double-coil eddy current sensor comprises a coil core, an exciting coil and a receiving coil; the coil core is vertically arranged; the exciting coil is fixedly sleeved at the upper end of the outer side surface of the coil core; the receiving coil is fixedly sleeved at the lower end of the outer side surface of the coil core; the exciting coil and the receiving coil together form a coil pair; the impedance analyzer is electrically connected with the exciting coil and the receiving coil respectively; the upper computer is electrically connected with the impedance analyzer;
Step two: the excitation frequency of the impedance analyzer is initially set through the upper computer, and the impedance analyzer outputs a sine excitation signal; the sinusoidal excitation signal is transmitted to the excitation coil, so that an induction signal is induced in the receiving coil; the induction signal is transmitted to an impedance analyzer, the impedance analyzer measures the impedance of the coil pair according to the induction signal, the measurement result is transmitted to an upper computer, and the upper computer calculates the imaginary part of the impedance of the coil pair according to the measurement result;
step three: selecting at least three non-magnetic metal plates with known thickness, ensuring that the thickness of each non-magnetic metal plate is different on one hand, ensuring that the materials of each non-magnetic metal plate are the same on the other hand, and then measuring the thickness measurement characteristic values of each non-magnetic metal plate one by one; the specific measurement steps are as follows:
Step a: the method comprises the steps that a nonmagnetic metal plate to be measured is arranged below a double-coil eddy current sensor, excitation frequency of an impedance analyzer is subjected to sweep frequency control through an upper computer, the impedance analyzer measures impedance of a coil pair under the sweep frequency excitation frequency, a measurement result is transmitted to the upper computer, and the upper computer calculates an imaginary part of the impedance of the coil pair under the sweep frequency excitation frequency according to the measurement result;
Step b: the upper computer calculates the imaginary part of the inductance under the frequency sweep excitation frequency according to the imaginary part of the impedance of the coil pair under the frequency sweep excitation frequency; the specific calculation formula is as follows:
wherein: im (L) represents the imaginary part of the inductance; im (Z) represents the imaginary part of the impedance of the coil pair; ω represents the corresponding excitation frequency;
Step c: the upper computer fits a relation straight line between the imaginary part of the inductor and the excitation frequency by adopting a gradient descent method according to the imaginary part of the inductor under the sweep excitation frequency, and the slope of the relation straight line is the thickness measurement characteristic value of the nonmagnetic metal plate;
step four: substituting the thickness measurement characteristic values and the thicknesses of the non-magnetic metal plates into a fitting equation by the upper computer, and fitting out environmental parameters; the fitting equation is expressed as follows:
y＝y0+Aecx；
wherein: y represents a thickness measurement characteristic value of the nonmagnetic metal plate; c represents the thickness of the nonmagnetic metal plate; y 0, A, x each represent an environmental parameter;
step five: selecting a non-magnetic metal plate with unknown thickness, ensuring that the material of the non-magnetic metal plate is the same as that of each non-magnetic metal plate in the third step, and measuring the thickness measurement characteristic value of the non-magnetic metal plate; the specific measurement steps are as follows:
Step a: the method comprises the steps that a nonmagnetic metal plate to be measured is arranged below a double-coil eddy current sensor, excitation frequency of an impedance analyzer is subjected to sweep frequency control through an upper computer, the impedance analyzer measures impedance of a coil pair under the sweep frequency excitation frequency, a measurement result is transmitted to the upper computer, and the upper computer calculates an imaginary part of the impedance of the coil pair under the sweep frequency excitation frequency according to the measurement result;
Step b: the upper computer calculates the imaginary part of the inductance under the frequency sweep excitation frequency according to the imaginary part of the impedance of the coil pair under the frequency sweep excitation frequency; the specific calculation formula is as follows:
wherein: im (L) represents the imaginary part of the inductance; im (Z) represents the imaginary part of the impedance of the coil pair; ω represents the corresponding excitation frequency;
Step c: the upper computer fits a relation straight line between the imaginary part of the inductor and the excitation frequency by adopting a gradient descent method according to the imaginary part of the inductor under the sweep excitation frequency, and the slope of the relation straight line is the thickness measurement characteristic value of the nonmagnetic metal plate;
Step six: substituting the thickness measurement characteristic value and the environmental parameter of the non-magnetic metal plate into a measurement equation by the upper computer, and calculating the thickness of the non-magnetic metal plate; the measurement equation is expressed as follows:
y＝y0+Aecx；
Wherein: y represents a thickness measurement characteristic value of the nonmagnetic metal plate; c represents the thickness of the nonmagnetic metal plate; y 0, A, x each represent an environmental parameter.
In the third step and the fifth step, the frequency sweep range is 4000 Hz-10000 Hz, the number of frequency sweep data points is 100, and the frequency sweep step length is 60Hz.
The coil core adopts an air core made of nonmetal; the inner diameter of the exciting coil is 0.75mm, the outer diameter is 3mm, and the height is 1mm; the inner diameter of the receiving coil is 0.75mm, the outer diameter is 3mm, and the height is 1mm; the distance between the exciting coil and the receiving coil is 1mm.
The non-magnetic metal plate is a copper plate or an aluminum plate or a zinc plate or a titanium plate.
Compared with the prior non-magnetic metal plate thickness measurement technology, the non-magnetic metal plate thickness measurement method based on the eddy current effect disclosed by the invention has the advantages that on one hand, the non-magnetic metal plate with known thickness is used for fitting environmental parameters, and on the other hand, the slope of a relation straight line between the imaginary part of an inductor and the excitation frequency is used as a thickness measurement characteristic value to calculate the thickness of the non-magnetic metal plate, so that the non-magnetic metal plate thickness measurement method based on the eddy current effect has the following advantages: firstly, compared with a manual measurement method, the method effectively eliminates the influence of experience and skill of a measuring person on a measurement result, thereby greatly improving the measurement accuracy. Secondly, compared with an ultrasonic measurement method, the method effectively eliminates the influence of environmental interference on the measurement result, thereby greatly improving the measurement accuracy.
The invention effectively solves the problem that the existing non-magnetic metal plate thickness measurement technology has low measurement accuracy under the influence of experience, skill and environmental interference of measurement personnel, and is suitable for thickness measurement of non-magnetic metal plates.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a double-coil eddy current sensor and a nonmagnetic metal plate according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of the structure of the measuring system in the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a 101-coil core, a 102-exciting coil, a 103-receiving coil, a 2-impedance analyzer, a 3-upper computer and a 4-nonmagnetic metal plate.
Detailed Description
The method for measuring the thickness of the non-magnetic metal plate based on the eddy current effect is realized by adopting the following steps:
step one: setting up a measuring system;
The measuring system comprises a double-coil eddy current sensor, an impedance analyzer 2 and an upper computer 3; the double-coil eddy current sensor comprises a coil core 101, an exciting coil 102 and a receiving coil 103; the coil core 101 is vertically arranged; the exciting coil 102 is fixedly sleeved at the upper end of the outer side surface of the coil core 101; the receiving coil 103 is fixedly sleeved at the lower end of the outer side surface of the coil core 101; the excitation coil 102 and the receiving coil 103 together constitute a coil pair; the impedance analyzer 2 is electrically connected to the exciting coil 102 and the receiving coil 103, respectively; the upper computer 3 is electrically connected with the impedance analyzer 2;
Step two: the excitation frequency of the impedance analyzer 2 is initially set through the upper computer 3, and the impedance analyzer 2 outputs a sine excitation signal; the sinusoidal excitation signal is transmitted to the excitation coil 102, so that an induction signal is induced in the receiving coil 103; the induction signal is transmitted to the impedance analyzer 2, the impedance analyzer 2 measures the impedance of the coil pair according to the induction signal, the measurement result is transmitted to the upper computer 3, and the upper computer 3 calculates the imaginary part of the impedance of the coil pair according to the measurement result;
Step three: selecting at least three non-magnetic metal plates 4 with known thickness, ensuring that the thickness of each non-magnetic metal plate 4 is different on one hand, ensuring that the materials of each non-magnetic metal plate 4 are the same on the other hand, and then measuring thickness measurement characteristic values of each non-magnetic metal plate 4 one by one; the specific measurement steps are as follows:
Step a: the method comprises the steps that a nonmagnetic metal plate 4 to be measured is arranged below a double-coil eddy current sensor, excitation frequency of an impedance analyzer 2 is subjected to sweep frequency control through an upper computer 3, the impedance analyzer 2 measures impedance of a coil pair under the sweep frequency excitation frequency, a measurement result is transmitted to the upper computer 3, and the upper computer 3 calculates an imaginary part of the impedance of the coil pair under the sweep frequency excitation frequency according to the measurement result;
step b: the upper computer 3 calculates the imaginary part of the inductance under the frequency sweep excitation frequency according to the imaginary part of the impedance of the coil pair under the frequency sweep excitation frequency; the specific calculation formula is as follows:
wherein: im (L) represents the imaginary part of the inductance; im (Z) represents the imaginary part of the impedance of the coil pair; ω represents the corresponding excitation frequency;
Step c: the upper computer 3 fits a relation straight line between the imaginary part of the inductance and the excitation frequency by adopting a gradient descent method according to the imaginary part of the inductance under the sweep excitation frequency, and the slope of the relation straight line is the thickness measurement characteristic value of the nonmagnetic metal plate 4;
Step four: substituting the thickness measurement characteristic values and the thicknesses of the nonmagnetic metal plates 4 into a fitting equation by the upper computer 3, and fitting out environmental parameters; the fitting equation is expressed as follows:
y＝y0+Aecx；
Wherein: y represents a thickness measurement characteristic value of the nonmagnetic metal plate 4; c represents the thickness of the nonmagnetic metal plate 4; y 0, A, x each represent an environmental parameter;
Step five: selecting a non-magnetic metal plate 4 with unknown thickness, ensuring that the material of the non-magnetic metal plate 4 is the same as that of each non-magnetic metal plate 4 in the third step, and measuring the thickness measurement characteristic value of the non-magnetic metal plate 4; the specific measurement steps are as follows:
Step a: the method comprises the steps that a nonmagnetic metal plate 4 to be measured is arranged below a double-coil eddy current sensor, excitation frequency of an impedance analyzer 2 is subjected to sweep frequency control through an upper computer 3, the impedance analyzer 2 measures impedance of a coil pair under the sweep frequency excitation frequency, a measurement result is transmitted to the upper computer 3, and the upper computer 3 calculates an imaginary part of the impedance of the coil pair under the sweep frequency excitation frequency according to the measurement result;
step b: the upper computer 3 calculates the imaginary part of the inductance under the frequency sweep excitation frequency according to the imaginary part of the impedance of the coil pair under the frequency sweep excitation frequency; the specific calculation formula is as follows:
wherein: im (L) represents the imaginary part of the inductance; im (Z) represents the imaginary part of the impedance of the coil pair; ω represents the corresponding excitation frequency;
Step c: the upper computer 3 fits a relation straight line between the imaginary part of the inductance and the excitation frequency by adopting a gradient descent method according to the imaginary part of the inductance under the sweep excitation frequency, and the slope of the relation straight line is the thickness measurement characteristic value of the nonmagnetic metal plate 4;
Step six: the upper computer 3 substitutes the thickness measurement characteristic value and the environmental parameter of the non-magnetic metal plate 4 into a measurement equation to calculate the thickness of the non-magnetic metal plate 4; the measurement equation is expressed as follows:
y＝y0+Aecx；
wherein: y represents a thickness measurement characteristic value of the nonmagnetic metal plate 4; c represents the thickness of the nonmagnetic metal plate 4; y 0, A, x each represent an environmental parameter.
In the third step and the fifth step, the frequency sweep range is 4000 Hz-10000 Hz, the number of frequency sweep data points is 100, and the frequency sweep step length is 60Hz.
The coil core 101 adopts an air core made of nonmetal; the exciting coil 102 has an inner diameter of 0.75mm, an outer diameter of 3mm and a height of 1mm; the inner diameter of the receiving coil 103 is 0.75mm, the outer diameter is 3mm, and the height is 1mm; the distance between the exciting coil 102 and the receiving coil 103 is 1mm.
The nonmagnetic metal plate 4 is a copper plate or an aluminum plate or a zinc plate or a titanium plate.
While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these are by way of example only, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, but such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A non-magnetic metal plate thickness measuring method based on eddy current effect is characterized in that: the method is realized by the following steps:
step one: setting up a measuring system;
The measuring system comprises a double-coil eddy current sensor, an impedance analyzer (2) and an upper computer (3); the double-coil eddy current sensor comprises a coil core (101), an exciting coil (102) and a receiving coil (103); the coil core (101) is vertically arranged; the exciting coil (102) is fixedly sleeved at the upper end of the outer side surface of the coil core (101); the receiving coil (103) is fixedly sleeved at the lower end of the outer side surface of the coil core (101); the exciting coil (102) and the receiving coil (103) together form a coil pair; the impedance analyzer (2) is electrically connected with the exciting coil (102) and the receiving coil (103) respectively; the upper computer (3) is electrically connected with the impedance analyzer (2);
Step two: the excitation frequency of the impedance analyzer (2) is initially set through the upper computer (3), and the impedance analyzer (2) outputs a sine excitation signal; the sinusoidal excitation signal is transmitted to the excitation coil (102) so that an induction signal is induced in the receiving coil (103); the induction signal is transmitted to an impedance analyzer (2), the impedance analyzer (2) measures the impedance of the coil pair according to the induction signal, the measurement result is transmitted to an upper computer (3), and the upper computer (3) calculates the imaginary part of the impedance of the coil pair according to the measurement result;
step three: selecting at least three non-magnetic metal plates (4) with known thickness, ensuring that the thickness of each non-magnetic metal plate (4) is different on one hand, ensuring that the materials of each non-magnetic metal plate (4) are the same on the other hand, and then measuring the thickness measurement characteristic values of each non-magnetic metal plate (4) one by one; the specific measurement steps are as follows:
Step a: the method comprises the steps that a nonmagnetic metal plate (4) to be measured is arranged below a double-coil eddy current sensor, sweep frequency control is conducted on the excitation frequency of an impedance analyzer (2) through an upper computer (3), the impedance analyzer (2) measures the impedance of a coil pair under the sweep frequency excitation frequency, a measurement result is transmitted to the upper computer (3), and the upper computer (3) calculates the imaginary part of the impedance of the coil pair under the sweep frequency excitation frequency according to the measurement result;
step b: the upper computer (3) calculates the imaginary part of the inductance under the frequency sweep excitation frequency according to the imaginary part of the impedance of the coil pair under the frequency sweep excitation frequency; the specific calculation formula is as follows:
wherein: im (L) represents the imaginary part of the inductance; im (Z) represents the imaginary part of the impedance of the coil pair; ω represents the corresponding excitation frequency;
step c: the upper computer (3) fits a relation straight line between the imaginary part of the inductance and the excitation frequency by adopting a gradient descent method according to the imaginary part of the inductance under the sweep excitation frequency, and the slope of the relation straight line is the thickness measurement characteristic value of the nonmagnetic metal plate (4);
Step four: substituting the thickness measurement characteristic values and the thicknesses of the nonmagnetic metal plates (4) into a fitting equation by the upper computer (3) to fit environmental parameters; the fitting equation is expressed as follows:
y＝y0+Aecx；
Wherein: y represents a thickness measurement characteristic value of the nonmagnetic metal plate (4); c represents the thickness of the nonmagnetic metal plate (4); y 0, A, x each represent an environmental parameter;
Step five: selecting a non-magnetic metal plate (4) with unknown thickness, ensuring that the material of the non-magnetic metal plate (4) is the same as that of each non-magnetic metal plate (4) in the third step, and measuring the thickness measurement characteristic value of the non-magnetic metal plate (4); the specific measurement steps are as follows:
Step a: the method comprises the steps that a nonmagnetic metal plate (4) to be measured is arranged below a double-coil eddy current sensor, sweep frequency control is conducted on the excitation frequency of an impedance analyzer (2) through an upper computer (3), the impedance analyzer (2) measures the impedance of a coil pair under the sweep frequency excitation frequency, a measurement result is transmitted to the upper computer (3), and the upper computer (3) calculates the imaginary part of the impedance of the coil pair under the sweep frequency excitation frequency according to the measurement result;
step b: the upper computer (3) calculates the imaginary part of the inductance under the frequency sweep excitation frequency according to the imaginary part of the impedance of the coil pair under the frequency sweep excitation frequency; the specific calculation formula is as follows:
wherein: im (L) represents the imaginary part of the inductance; im (Z) represents the imaginary part of the impedance of the coil pair; ω represents the corresponding excitation frequency;
step c: the upper computer (3) fits a relation straight line between the imaginary part of the inductance and the excitation frequency by adopting a gradient descent method according to the imaginary part of the inductance under the sweep excitation frequency, and the slope of the relation straight line is the thickness measurement characteristic value of the nonmagnetic metal plate (4);
step six: the upper computer (3) substitutes the thickness measurement characteristic value and the environmental parameter of the non-magnetic metal plate (4) into a measurement equation to calculate the thickness of the non-magnetic metal plate (4); the measurement equation is expressed as follows:
y＝y0+Aecx；
wherein: y represents a thickness measurement characteristic value of the nonmagnetic metal plate (4); c represents the thickness of the nonmagnetic metal plate (4); y 0, A, x each represent an environmental parameter.
2. The method for measuring the thickness of a non-magnetic metal plate based on the eddy current effect according to claim 1, wherein: in the third step and the fifth step, the frequency sweep range is 4000 Hz-10000 Hz, the number of frequency sweep data points is 100, and the frequency sweep step length is 60Hz.
3. The method for measuring the thickness of a non-magnetic metal plate based on the eddy current effect according to claim 1, wherein: the coil core (101) adopts an air core made of nonmetal; the inner diameter of the exciting coil (102) is 0.75mm, the outer diameter is 3mm, and the height is 1mm; the inner diameter of the receiving coil (103) is 0.75mm, the outer diameter is 3mm, and the height is 1mm; the distance between the exciting coil (102) and the receiving coil (103) is 1mm.
4. The method for measuring the thickness of a non-magnetic metal plate based on the eddy current effect according to claim 1, wherein: the nonmagnetic metal plate (4) is a copper plate or an aluminum plate or a zinc plate or a titanium plate.
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