CN117967672A - Nut capable of preventing thread from being bitten and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Nut capable of preventing thread from being bitten and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117967672A CN117967672A CN202410375529.5A CN202410375529A CN117967672A CN 117967672 A CN117967672 A CN 117967672A CN 202410375529 A CN202410375529 A CN 202410375529A CN 117967672 A CN117967672 A CN 117967672A
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 25
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 66
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000011858 nanopowder Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 229920002396 Polyurea Polymers 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 210000001114 tooth apex Anatomy 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001967 Metal rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 28
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
A nut capable of preventing threads from being bitten and a preparation method thereof belong to the technical field of connecting fasteners. The isosceles triangle height H of the nut is divided into 9 equal parts, and plane crests are arranged at the positions 1H/9-1.6H/9 away from the crest angles; the thread height H 1 = 7.4H/9-8H/9 of the internal thread; pitch P 1 =1.42H to 1.43H of the internal thread; the tooth inclined plane from the position 3H/9 to 3.6H/9 to the tooth bottom is an inclined plane of 60 degrees, and the tooth inclined plane from the position 3H/9 to 3.6H/9 to the plane tooth top is an inclined plane of 40 degrees to 50 degrees. The invention designs the relation between the variable-angle idle cutter teeth and the screw pitch, thereby effectively preventing the screw thread from being snapped and improving the allowable error range; the screw thread connection is guaranteed to have stable self-locking function, the strength of the matched external screw thread piece is improved, the stress on the thread is uniform, the friction locking performance is good, the shock resistance is improved, the screwing locking and screwing-out are smooth, and local stress is large and breakage cannot occur.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of connecting fasteners, and particularly relates to a nut capable of preventing threads from being bitten and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The threaded connection is a common fastening means, and is divided into external threads and internal threads according to the position of the threads on the parent body of the fastening means, for example, the external threads are formed on the outer wall of a screw, a bolt or a screw rod, and the internal threads are formed on the wall of the base material threads or the inner wall of a nut. At present, fastening mating threads can be classified into triangular threads, rectangular threads, trapezoidal threads, zigzag threads, round threads, wedge threads and other special-shaped threads according to the teeth. However, no matter what kind of thread form is matched, the precision error of production and preparation exists, especially the self-locking nut which is self-locking by virtue of friction force, the thread form size error easily causes the phenomenon of internal and external thread seizure or seizing, so that the problem of fastening installation and disassembly occurs, and serious problems exist, such as influencing the service life and the use safety of instruments, devices and equipment, especially in the fields of aerospace and diving, and the performance requirement on each component is very high.
The self-locking nut mainly has the effects of looseness prevention and vibration resistance, at present, the self-locking nut has a plurality of types, such as a nylon ring embedded self-locking nut, a head flattening self-locking nut, a slotting closing self-locking nut and the like, the self-locking nut has a complex structure, and the problems of high processing difficulty, poor control of preparation precision, small allowable error range, low quality and yield, difficult control of self-locking moment, excessively fast attenuation of repeated disassembly and locking moment and the like exist, so that the internal and external thread matching is easy to generate a seizure phenomenon, and even a screw is broken near the end of an internal thread supporting surface.
Disclosure of Invention
The self-locking nut aims at solving the problem that threads of the existing self-locking nut are easy to bite due to various reasons. The invention provides a nut capable of preventing threads from being seized and a preparation method thereof, which are characterized in that the relation between the idle cutter teeth with variable angles and the thread pitches is designed, the threads are effectively prevented from being seized, the allowable error range can be improved, the preparation is simple, and the yield is improved; the material structure of the thread surface is designed, the interference fit performance is improved, the self-locking friction force is improved, the shock resistance is good, the allowable error range is further improved, the thread seizure is prevented, and the attenuation rate of the locking moment of multiple disassembly and assembly is reduced. The specific technical scheme is as follows:
The internal thread of the nut takes an isosceles triangle with a tooth apex angle of 40-50 degrees as a design basis, the isosceles triangle is H in height, the H is equally divided into 9 equal parts, and the 1H/9-1.6H/9 parts away from the tooth apex angle are plane tooth apexes; the thread height of the internal thread is H 1,H1 =7.4H/9-8H/9; the pitch of the internal thread is P 1,P1 =1.42H-1.43H; the tooth inclined plane from the position 3H/9 to 3.6H/9 to the tooth bottom is an inclined plane of 60 degrees, and the tooth inclined plane from the position 3H/9 to 3.6H/9 to the plane tooth top is an inclined plane of 40 degrees to 50 degrees.
In the technical scheme, the internal thread is matched with the external thread of the fastening fitting, and the external thread of the fastening fitting is an isosceles trapezoid tooth form with a 60-degree vertex angle; the tooth height of the external thread is smaller than that of the internal thread and is larger than that of a 60-degree tooth inclined plane of the internal thread; the root width of the external thread is equal to the root width of the internal thread.
In the technical scheme, the fastening accessory comprises a screw, a bolt, a screw rod and a screw sleeve.
In the technical scheme, the pitch of the external thread is P 2, and the allowable error range of the pitch P 1=1.025P2;P1 of the internal thread is +/-0.005 mm; the allowable error range of P 2 is + -0.06 mm.
In the technical scheme, the inner thread surface of the nut is also provided with a coating, the thickness of the coating is 10-50 mu m, the total design size of the coated inner thread is the same as that of the uncoated inner thread, and the coated inner thread is used for improving the elastic deformation amount of interference fit, improving the friction fastening property and shock resistance and improving the allowable error range of the thread pitch, and the practical error range can be as follows: the allowable error range of P 1 is + -0.025 mm; the allowable error range of P 2 is + -0.08 mm, and the seizure phenomenon does not occur.
In the technical scheme, the coating comprises the following components: polyurea micro-powder, carbon silica nano-powder, phenolic resin nano-powder and a liquid binder.
The preparation method of the nut for preventing the thread from being bitten comprises the following steps:
S1: stamping and forming steel materials to prepare nut ingots;
S2, primary tapping: adopting a tap to perform isosceles triangle internal thread flat angle tooth tapping with the apex angle of 40-50 degrees to form a tooth form with a planar crest and a tooth inclined plane of 40-50 degrees;
S3, secondary tapping: adopting a tap to tap an isosceles triangle internal thread inclined plane with a vertex angle of 60 degrees, forming a 60-degree inclined plane from the position 3H/9-3.6H/9 of the vertex angle to the root of the tooth, namely forming a 40-50-degree blank face from the position 3H/9-3.6H/9 of the vertex angle to the crest of the tooth, and obtaining an internal thread tooth of the nut;
the primary tapping and the secondary tapping adopt continuous thread taps of 40-50-60 degrees, and are formed by one-step continuous tapping; or the primary tapping adopts a 40-50-degree thread type screw tap, the secondary tapping adopts a 60-degree thread type screw tap, and the two tapping forms are carried out independently.
The preparation method further comprises the following steps:
s4, preparing composite micro powder: according to the mass ratio, the polyurea micro-powder comprises carbon silica nano-powder and phenolic resin nano-powder= (60-80): (10-40): (3-6), the polyurea micro-powder, the carbon silica nano-powder and the phenolic resin nano-powder are mixed in an air flow, are subjected to heat treatment at 200-220 ℃, are cooled, and are crushed and graded to obtain composite micro powder below 20 mu m;
S5, coating, optionally one of the following A method or B method:
the method A comprises the following steps: firstly, coating a liquid binder on a carrier screw rod, then spraying composite micro powder by air flow, then screwing a nut into the carrier screw rod, screwing out the nut before the liquid binder is solidified, and finishing the coating of the internal thread of the nut;
the method B comprises the following steps: mixing the composite micro powder with the diluted liquid binder to obtain spraying liquid; spraying the spraying liquid on the inner thread surface of the nut to finish the coating of the inner thread of the nut.
The preparation method further comprises the following steps:
s6, post-processing: the post-treatment includes one or more of drying, heat treatment, internal thread coating grinding, and internal thread cleaning.
In the preparation method, the granularity of the polyurea micro-powder is below 15 mu m.
In the preparation method, the liquid binder is one or a combination of more of a metal binder, a metal stone binder and a metal rubber binder.
In the method A of the S5 of the preparation method, the carrier screw rod is made of a carbon rod or a wood rod.
In the method A of the S5 of the preparation method, the carrier screw rod is provided with external threads matched with the internal threads of the nuts, and the external threads are isosceles trapezoid tooth shapes with 60-degree vertex angles; the tooth height of the external thread is smaller than that of the internal thread and is larger than that of a 60-degree tooth inclined plane of the internal thread; the root width of the external thread is 40-80 μm larger than the root width of the internal thread.
In the method A of S5 of the preparation method, the carrier screw rod simultaneously screws in and screws out a plurality of nuts.
In the preparation method, after the coating is dried, the composite micro powder accounts for 65-85% of the mass of the coating, and the balance is colloid.
Compared with the prior art, the nut for preventing the thread from being bitten and the preparation method thereof have the beneficial effects that:
1. According to the design of the interference fit dimension relation of the P 1=1.025P2, when the internal thread and the external thread are not completely screwed, due to the fact that the number of screwing buckles is small, the screw pitch difference does not completely compensate the fit clearance of the internal thread and the external thread caused by the factors of manufacturing tolerance of the threads and the like, the internal thread and the external thread can be easily screwed in, when the internal thread and the external thread are screwed in a certain length, after the screw pitch difference existing between the internal thread and the external thread compensates the fit clearance of the whole threads, the side faces of the threads at the two ends of the screwed-in part start to contact, the screwing-in is continued, interference is generated between the contacted threads, elastic bending deformation is forced to enable the adjacent threads to be sequentially contacted with each other so as to generate interference, after the threads are completely screwed in, the interference of the threads at the two ends of the screwed-in length is maximum, the interference of the threads is gradually reduced towards the middle, and due to the fact that the screw fit clearance exists, the threads at the middle of the screwed-in length do not contact with each other. When no axial load exists on the screw thread, the difference of the screw pitches of the internal thread and the external thread enables the screw threads to generate axial interference at the two ends of the screwing length, and the axial acting forces with the same size and opposite directions and extruding mutually are formed. When the pitch of the internal thread is larger than that of the external thread, the external thread at the two ends of the screwing length is stretched, the internal thread is compressed, and a fit gap exists between the internal thread and the external thread of the middle part. The axial tension generated when the screw thread is continuously twisted is used for deforming related parts, the acting force generated by the screw pitch difference is counteracted by the tension in the opposite direction near the end of the internal screw thread supporting surface, after the acting force generated by the screw pitch difference is counteracted completely along with the increase of the axial tension, the screw thread gap on the surface of the internal screw thread, which is provided with a gap, is eliminated near the internal screw thread supporting end, the screw thread gap is contacted and bears the axial acting force, the screw thread in the middle part of the screwing length is also bear the axial force successively along with the increase of the twisting force. The acting force generated by the screw pitch difference exists continuously at the end far away from the internal thread supporting surface, and meanwhile, the acting force is increased due to the same-direction axial force transmitted by the elastic deformation of the thread teeth. Namely, the acting force generated by the screw pitch interference reduces the stress of the thread teeth close to the internal thread supporting end, increases the stress of the thread teeth far away from the internal thread supporting end, and ensures that the stress of the thread teeth in the screwing length range is uniform. The screw pitch interference fit screw thread changes the strength of the screw thread in the screwing length range and greatly improves, and the technical problem that the fastening fittings (screw, bolt, screw rod and screw sleeve) are broken at the end close to the internal thread supporting surface is solved.
2. The 60-degree tooth inclined plane is of standard conventional design, but the invention adopts a special tapping method and a tap, and a 40-50-degree blank face is formed from the 3H/9-3.6H/9 position of the tooth apex angle to the tooth crest on the tooth inclined plane, namely, the variable-angle blank tooth type is designed. The internal thread is added with a 40-50 degree angle blank cutter on the basis of a standard 60 degree thread profile, and when the internal thread and the external thread are matched, certain gaps exist at the end parts of the internal thread profile and the external thread profile; the tooth height of the external thread is smaller than that of the internal thread and is larger than that of a 60-degree tooth inclined plane of the internal thread, so that a certain gap exists between the large diameter of the external thread and the large diameter of the internal thread, namely a certain gap exists on the crest surface of the tooth; the clearance between the crest surface and the upper part of the flank surface are matched for use, so that the problem of seizure of internal and external threads can be well solved, and the screwing smoothness is greatly improved.
3. The variable angle tooth inclined plane design, the crest clearance design and the pitch relation matching design of the nut are combined, so that the thread seizure can be effectively prevented, the allowable error range can be improved, the preparation is simple, and the yield is improved; the screw thread connection is guaranteed to have stable self-locking function, the strength of the matched external screw thread piece is improved, the stress on the thread is uniform, the friction locking performance is good, the shock resistance is improved, the screwing locking and screwing-out are smooth, and local stress is large and breakage cannot occur.
4. The internal thread of the nut is designed into a tooth inclined plane with a variable angle, and in the tapping process, a primary tapping and a secondary tapping adopt continuous tooth taps with the angles of 40-50-60 degrees, and are formed by one-time continuous tapping; or the primary tapping adopts a 40-50-degree thread type screw tap, the secondary tapping adopts a 60-degree thread type screw tap, and the two tapping forms are carried out independently. The continuous thread tap with the angle of 40-50-60 degrees is designed, the tapping precision of one-time continuous tapping forming is higher, the shock resistance is better, and the continuous thread tap is suitable for high-precision fastener connection.
5. The composite micro powder prepared by the polyurea micro powder, the carbon silica nano powder and the phenolic resin nano powder has good coating wear resistance and elasticity, the polyurea micro powder and the carbon silica nano powder are combined through the phenolic resin, the fusion property is good, the homogeneity of composite micro powder materials is good, the coating and coating properties are more uniform, the material of a thread coating layer can improve the interference fit property, the self-locking friction force and the shock resistance, the allowable error range is further improved, the thread seizure is prevented, and the attenuation rate of the locking moment of repeated disassembly and assembly is reduced. In addition, the carbon silica nano powder can dilute and homogenize the polyurea micro powder and the phenolic resin nano powder, so that the polyurea micro powder achieves a proper elastic effect, the phenolic resin nano powder achieves a proper solidification performance after heat treatment, and the coating is prevented from falling off after repeated use.
6. The invention also designs a special coating method and a carrier screw rod external thread structure aiming at the internal thread structure of the nut and the material characteristics of the coating, so as to effectively support smooth coating, and the thickness of the coating is 10-50 mu m; the total design size of the internal thread with the coating is the same as that of the internal thread without the coating, the practical allowable error range of the thread pitch can be improved, and the allowable error range of P 1 is +/-0.025 mm; the allowable error range of P 2 is + -0.08 mm, and the seizure phenomenon does not occur.
7. In particular, compared with spraying, the coating mode adopting the A carrier screw rod has higher coating precision and more uniform coating thickness; and the crests of the internal threads are not coated with a coating, so that a larger space is provided for interference fit, and interference fit is not affected.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the screwing of the internal thread of the anti-thread seizing nut and the external thread of the fastening fitting according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view at a of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments and figures 1-2, but the invention is not limited to these embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the internal thread of the nut takes an isosceles triangle with a tooth apex angle of 50 degrees as a design basis, the isosceles triangle is H in height, the H is divided into 9 equal parts in a bisector manner, and plane crests are arranged at a position 1H/9 away from the tooth apex angle; the thread height of the internal thread is H 1,H1 =8H/9; the pitch of the internal thread is P 1,P1 = 1.42H; the tooth slope from the top of the tooth to the root is 60 deg. slope at a distance of 3H/9, and the tooth slope from the top of the tooth to the plane at a distance of 3H/9 is 50 deg. slope.
The internal thread of the embodiment is matched with external threads of fastening accessories such as screws, bolts, screws, threaded sleeves and the like, and the external threads of the fastening accessories are isosceles trapezoid teeth with 60-degree vertex angles; the tooth height of the external thread is smaller than that of the internal thread and is larger than that of a 60-degree tooth inclined plane of the internal thread; the root width of the external thread is equal to the root width of the internal thread; the pitch of the external thread is P 2, and the allowable error range of the pitch P 1=1.025P2;P1 of the internal thread is +/-0.005 mm; the allowable error range of P 2 is + -0.06 mm.
The preparation method of the nut for preventing the thread from being bitten comprises the following steps:
S1: stamping and forming steel materials to prepare nut ingots;
s2, primary tapping: adopting a tap to perform flat angle tapping on isosceles triangle internal threads with the apex angle of 50 degrees to form a tooth form with plane crests and tooth inclined planes of 50 degrees;
S3, secondary tapping: adopting a tap to tap an isosceles triangle internal thread inclined plane with a vertex angle of 60 degrees, forming a 60-degree inclined plane from the 3H/9 position of the vertex angle to the root of the tooth, namely forming a 50-degree blank face from the 3H/9 position of the vertex angle to the crest of the tooth, and obtaining the internal thread profile of the nut;
the primary tapping and the secondary tapping adopt continuous thread taps of 50 degrees to 60 degrees, and are formed by one-time continuous tapping.
The batch nuts prepared by the embodiment have good service conditions, 30 nuts and screws are randomly taken for 20 times to repeatedly screwing and unscrewing test, the seizure phenomenon is avoided, the self-locking fastening performance is good, and the nut is free from loosening after vibration.
Example 2
The internal thread of the nut takes an isosceles triangle with a crest angle of 45 degrees as a design basis, the isosceles triangle is H in height, the H is equally divided into 9 parts, and the plane crest is 1.4H/9 away from the crest angle; the thread height of the internal thread is H 1,H1 =7.6h/9; the pitch of the internal thread is P 1,P1 =1.425H; the tooth slope from 3.4H/9 to the root of the tooth is 60 deg. slope, and the tooth slope from 3.4H/9 to the planar crest is 45 deg. slope.
The internal thread of the embodiment is matched with external threads of fastening accessories such as screws, bolts, screws, threaded sleeves and the like, and the external threads of the fastening accessories are isosceles trapezoid teeth with 60-degree vertex angles; the tooth height of the external thread is smaller than that of the internal thread and is larger than that of a 60-degree tooth inclined plane of the internal thread; the root width of the external thread is equal to the root width of the internal thread; the pitch of the external thread is P 2, and the allowable error range of the pitch P 1=1.025P2;P1 of the internal thread is +/-0.005 mm; the allowable error range of P 2 is + -0.06 mm.
The preparation method of the nut for preventing the thread from being bitten comprises the following steps:
S1: stamping and forming steel materials to prepare nut ingots;
S2, primary tapping: adopting a tap to perform flat angle tapping on isosceles triangle internal threads with the apex angle of 45 degrees to form a tooth form with plane crests and 45 degrees tooth inclined planes;
S3, secondary tapping: adopting a tap to tap an isosceles triangle internal thread inclined plane with a vertex angle of 60 degrees, forming a 60-degree inclined plane from the position 3.4H/9 away from the vertex angle to the root, namely forming a 45-degree blank face from the position 3.4H/9 away from the vertex angle to the crest, and obtaining an internal thread tooth type of the nut;
the primary tapping and the secondary tapping adopt 45-60-degree continuous thread taps, and are formed by one-time continuous tapping.
The batch nuts prepared by the embodiment have good service conditions, 30 nuts and screws are randomly taken for 20 times to repeatedly screwing and unscrewing test, the seizure phenomenon is avoided, the self-locking fastening performance is good, and the nut is free from loosening after vibration.
Example 3
The internal thread of the nut takes an isosceles triangle with a tooth apex angle of 40 degrees as a design basis, the isosceles triangle is H in height, the H is equally divided into 9 equal parts, and a plane crest is arranged at a position 1.6H/9 away from the tooth apex angle; the thread height of the internal thread is H 1,H1 = 7.4H/9; the pitch of the internal thread is P 1,P1 =1.43h; the tooth slope from 3.6H/9 to the root of the tooth is 60 deg. slope, and the tooth slope from 3.6H/9 to the planar crest is 40 deg. slope.
The internal thread of the embodiment is matched with external threads of fastening accessories such as screws, bolts, screws, threaded sleeves and the like, and the external threads of the fastening accessories are isosceles trapezoid teeth with 60-degree vertex angles; the tooth height of the external thread is smaller than that of the internal thread and is larger than that of a 60-degree tooth inclined plane of the internal thread; the root width of the external thread is equal to the root width of the internal thread; the pitch of the external thread is P 2, and the allowable error range of the pitch P 1=1.025P2;P1 of the internal thread is +/-0.005 mm; the allowable error range of P 2 is + -0.06 mm.
The preparation method of the nut for preventing the thread from being bitten comprises the following steps:
S1: stamping and forming steel materials to prepare nut ingots;
s2, primary tapping: adopting a tap to perform isosceles triangle internal thread flat angle tapping with the apex angle of 40 degrees to form a tooth form with a planar crest and a tooth inclined plane of 40 degrees;
s3, secondary tapping: adopting a tap to tap an isosceles triangle internal thread inclined plane with a vertex angle of 60 degrees, forming a 60-degree inclined plane from the position 3.6H/9 away from the vertex angle to the root, namely forming a 40-degree blank face from the position 3.6H/9 away from the vertex angle to the crest, and obtaining an internal thread tooth type of the nut;
the primary tapping adopts a 40-degree thread type screw tap, the secondary tapping adopts a 60-degree thread type screw tap, and the two tapping forms are carried out independently.
The batch nuts prepared by the embodiment have good service conditions, 30 nuts and screws are randomly taken for 20 times to repeatedly screwing and unscrewing test, the seizure phenomenon is avoided, the self-locking fastening performance is good, and the nut is free from loosening after vibration.
Example 4
A nut for preventing thread seizure, as described in example 1; the difference from example 1 is that: the internal thread surface of the nut of this embodiment is also provided with a coating, the thickness of the coating is 10 μm-50 μm, the total design size of the internal thread with the coating in this embodiment is the same as the design size of the internal thread without the coating in embodiment 1, and the internal thread is used for improving the elastic deformation amount of interference fit, improving the friction fastening performance and shock resistance, improving the allowable range of the screw pitch, and the practical error range can reach: the allowable error range of P 1 is + -0.025 mm; the allowable error range of P 2 is + -0.08 mm, and the seizure phenomenon does not occur. The coating comprises the following components: polyurea micro-powder, carbon silica nano-powder, phenolic resin nano-powder and a liquid binder.
The preparation method of the nut for preventing the thread from being bitten comprises the following steps:
S1, S2, S3 are as described in example 1;
S4, preparing composite micro powder: according to the mass ratio, polyurea micro powder, carbon silica nano powder and phenolic resin nano powder=70:30:5, mixing polyurea micro powder, carbon silica nano powder and phenolic resin nano powder below 15 mu m in an airflow manner, performing heat treatment at 210 ℃, cooling, crushing and grading to obtain composite micro powder below 20 mu m;
S5, coating:
Firstly, coating a liquid binder on a carrier screw rod, then spraying composite micro powder by air flow, then screwing a nut into the carrier screw rod, screwing out the nut before the liquid binder is solidified, and finishing the coating of the internal thread of the nut;
The carrier screw rod is made of wood rods, is provided with external threads matched with the internal threads of the nuts, and is an isosceles trapezoid tooth shape with a 60-degree vertex angle; the tooth height of the external thread is smaller than that of the internal thread and is larger than that of a 60-degree tooth inclined plane of the internal thread; the width of the root of the external thread is 40-80 μm larger than that of the internal thread; the carrier screw rod simultaneously screws in and screws out a plurality of nuts; the liquid binder is a metal stone binder;
S6, post-processing: drying at 80 ℃, polishing the internal thread coating and cleaning the internal thread to obtain a nut; after the coating is dried, the composite micro powder accounts for 65-85% of the mass of the coating, and the balance is colloid.
The batch nuts prepared by the embodiment have good service conditions, 30 nuts and screws are randomly taken for 20 times to repeatedly screwing and unscrewing test, the seizure phenomenon is avoided, the self-locking fastening performance is good, and the nut is free from loosening after vibration.
Example 5
A nut that is resistant to thread galling as described in example 2; the difference from example 2 is that: the internal thread surface of the nut of this embodiment is also provided with a coating, the thickness of the coating is 10 μm-50 μm, the total design size of the internal thread with the coating in this embodiment is the same as the design size of the internal thread without the coating in embodiment 2, and the internal thread is used for improving the elastic deformation amount of interference fit, improving the friction fastening performance and shock resistance, improving the allowable range of the screw pitch, and the practical error range can reach: the allowable error range of P 1 is + -0.025 mm; the allowable error range of P 2 is + -0.08 mm, and the seizure phenomenon does not occur. The coating comprises the following components: polyurea micro-powder, carbon silica nano-powder, phenolic resin nano-powder and a liquid binder.
The preparation method of the nut for preventing the thread from being bitten comprises the following steps:
S1, S2, S3 are as described in example 2;
s4, preparing composite micro powder: according to the mass ratio, polyurea micro powder, carbon silica nano powder and phenolic resin nano powder=60:10:3, mixing polyurea micro powder, carbon silica nano powder and phenolic resin nano powder below 15 mu m in an airflow manner, performing heat treatment at 200 ℃, cooling, crushing and grading to obtain composite micro powder below 20 mu m;
S5, coating:
Firstly, coating a liquid binder on a carrier screw rod, then spraying composite micro powder by air flow, then screwing a nut into the carrier screw rod, screwing out the nut before the liquid binder is solidified, and finishing the coating of the internal thread of the nut;
The carrier screw rod is made of a carbon rod, is provided with external threads matched with the internal threads of the nut, and is an isosceles trapezoid tooth with a 60-degree vertex angle; the tooth height of the external thread is smaller than that of the internal thread and is larger than that of a 60-degree tooth inclined plane of the internal thread; the width of the root of the external thread is 40-80 μm larger than that of the internal thread; the carrier screw rod simultaneously screws in and screws out a plurality of nuts; the liquid binder is a metal binder, and the metal stone binder=1:2 mass ratio composition;
S6, post-processing: drying at 80 ℃ to obtain a nut; after the coating is dried, the composite micro powder accounts for 65-85% of the mass of the coating, and the balance is colloid.
The batch nuts prepared by the embodiment have good service conditions, 30 nuts and screws are randomly taken for 20 times to repeatedly screwing and unscrewing test, the seizure phenomenon is avoided, the self-locking fastening performance is good, and the nut is free from loosening after vibration.
Example 6
A nut that is resistant to thread galling as described in example 3; the difference from example 3 is that: the internal thread surface of the nut of this embodiment is also provided with a coating, the thickness of the coating is 10 μm-50 μm, the total design size of the internal thread with the coating of this embodiment is the same as the design size of the internal thread without the coating of embodiment 3, and the internal thread is used for improving the elastic deformation amount of interference fit, improving the friction fastening performance and shock resistance, improving the allowable range of the screw pitch, and the practical error range can reach: the allowable error range of P 1 is + -0.025 mm; the allowable error range of P 2 is + -0.08 mm, and the seizure phenomenon does not occur. The coating comprises the following components: polyurea micro-powder, carbon silica nano-powder, phenolic resin nano-powder and a liquid binder.
The preparation method of the nut for preventing the thread from being bitten comprises the following steps:
s1, S2, S3 are as described in example 3;
S4, preparing composite micro powder: according to the mass ratio, polyurea micro powder, carbon silica nano powder and phenolic resin nano powder=80:40:6, mixing polyurea micro powder, carbon silica nano powder and phenolic resin nano powder below 15 mu m in an airflow manner, performing heat treatment at 220 ℃, cooling, crushing and grading to obtain composite micro powder below 20 mu m;
S5, coating:
Mixing the composite micro powder with the diluted liquid binder to obtain spraying liquid; spraying the spraying liquid on the inner thread surface of the nut to finish the coating of the inner thread of the nut; the liquid adhesive is a metal rubber adhesive;
S6, post-processing: drying at 70 degrees to obtain a nut; after the coating is dried, the composite micro powder accounts for 65-85% of the mass of the coating, and the balance is colloid.
The batch nuts prepared by the embodiment have good service conditions, 30 nuts and screws are randomly taken for 20 times to repeatedly screwing and unscrewing test, the seizure phenomenon is avoided, the self-locking fastening performance is good, and the nut is free from loosening after vibration.
The internal threads prepared by adopting the coating mode of the carbon rod carrier screw rod in the embodiment 5 are found to be smoother in screwing-in and screwing-out of interference fit, better in self-locking performance and higher in yield, and the yield can reach 99%. In the embodiment 4, the internal thread is prepared by adopting a coating mode of a wood rod carrier screw rod, and the yield can reach 96%; in the internal thread prepared by adopting a spray coating mode in the embodiment 6, the yield can reach 93%, and compared with the embodiment 4 and the embodiment 5, the smooth and smooth screwing-out of the interference fit is slightly poorer.
After the batch internal threads of the embodiments are tried out, the coating of the internal threads is not peeled off; the polyurea micro powder ensures the elastic deformation of the coating, the carbon silica nano powder improves the wear resistance of the coating, the phenolic resin nano powder improves the adhesiveness of the coating, and the polyurea micro powder and the carbon silica nano powder are well bonded to prevent the separation and the peeling of the polyurea micro powder and the carbon silica nano powder. In addition, the phenolic resin nano powder is matched with polyurea micro powder and carbon silica nano powder for use, and has crack resistance.
Claims (10)
1. The nut is characterized in that the internal thread of the nut is based on an isosceles triangle with a tooth apex angle of 40-50 degrees, the isosceles triangle is H, the height H is equally divided into 9 parts, and plane crests are arranged at a position 1H/9-1.6H/9 away from the tooth apex angle; the thread height of the internal thread is H 1,H1 =7.4H/9-8H/9; the pitch of the internal thread is P 1,P1 =1.42H-1.43H; the tooth inclined plane from the position 3H/9 to 3.6H/9 to the tooth bottom is an inclined plane of 60 degrees, and the tooth inclined plane from the position 3H/9 to 3.6H/9 to the plane tooth top is an inclined plane of 40 degrees to 50 degrees.
2. The nut against thread seizure as defined in claim 1, wherein said internal thread is used in cooperation with an external thread of a fastening fitting, said external thread of said fastening fitting being in the form of an isosceles trapezoid tooth having a60 ° apex angle; the tooth height of the external thread is smaller than that of the internal thread and is larger than that of a 60-degree tooth inclined plane of the internal thread; the root width of the external thread is equal to the root width of the internal thread.
3. The nut of claim 2, wherein said fastening fitting comprises a screw, a bolt, a shank, and a sleeve.
4. The nut against thread seizure as defined in claim 2, wherein the pitch of said male thread is P 2 and the allowable error range of the pitch of the female thread P 1=1.025P2;P1 is ±0.005mm; the allowable error range of P 2 is + -0.06 mm.
5. The nut capable of preventing thread seizure as recited in claim 2, wherein the pitch of the external thread is P 2, the pitch of the internal thread is P 1=1.025P2, the internal thread surface of the nut is further provided with a coating layer, the thickness of the coating layer is 10 μm-50 μm, and the allowable error range of P 1 is ±0.025mm; the allowable error range of P 2 is + -0.08 mm.
6. The anti-galling nut according to claim 5, wherein the composition of said coating comprises: polyurea micro-powder, carbon silica nano-powder, phenolic resin nano-powder and a liquid binder.
7. A method for preparing a nut for preventing thread seizure, which is used for preparing the nut for preventing thread seizure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising the steps of:
S1: stamping and forming steel materials to prepare nut ingots;
S2, primary tapping: adopting a tap to perform isosceles triangle internal thread flat angle tooth tapping with the apex angle of 40-50 degrees to form a tooth form with a planar crest and a tooth inclined plane of 40-50 degrees;
S3, secondary tapping: adopting a tap to tap an isosceles triangle internal thread inclined plane with a vertex angle of 60 degrees, forming a 60-degree inclined plane from the position 3H/9-3.6H/9 of the vertex angle to the root of the tooth, namely forming a 40-50-degree blank face from the position 3H/9-3.6H/9 of the vertex angle to the crest of the tooth, and obtaining an internal thread tooth of the nut;
The primary tapping and the secondary tapping adopt continuous tooth taps of 40-50-60 degrees, and are formed by one-step continuous tapping; or the primary tapping adopts a 40-50-degree thread tap, the secondary tapping adopts a 60-degree thread tap, and the two tapping forms are carried out independently.
8. A method for preparing a nut for preventing thread seizure, which is used for preparing the nut for preventing thread seizure according to claim 6, characterized in that the method comprises the steps of:
S1: stamping and forming steel materials to prepare nut ingots;
S2, primary tapping: adopting a tap to perform isosceles triangle internal thread flat angle tooth tapping with the apex angle of 40-50 degrees to form a tooth form with a planar crest and a tooth inclined plane of 40-50 degrees;
S3, secondary tapping: adopting a tap to tap an isosceles triangle internal thread inclined plane with a vertex angle of 60 degrees, forming a 60-degree inclined plane from the position 3H/9-3.6H/9 of the vertex angle to the root of the tooth, namely forming a 40-50-degree blank face from the position 3H/9-3.6H/9 of the vertex angle to the crest of the tooth, and obtaining an internal thread tooth of the nut;
The primary tapping and the secondary tapping adopt continuous tooth taps of 40-50-60 degrees, and are formed by one-step continuous tapping; or the primary tapping adopts a 40-50-degree thread tap, the secondary tapping adopts a 60-degree thread tap, and the two tapping forms are carried out independently;
s4, preparing composite micro powder: according to the mass ratio, the polyurea micro-powder comprises carbon silica nano-powder and phenolic resin nano-powder= (60-80): (10-40): (3-6), the polyurea micro-powder, the carbon silica nano-powder and the phenolic resin nano-powder are mixed in an air flow, are subjected to heat treatment at 200-220 ℃, are cooled, and are crushed and graded to obtain composite micro powder below 20 mu m;
S5, coating, optionally one of the following A method or B method:
the method A comprises the following steps: firstly, coating a liquid binder on a carrier screw rod, then spraying composite micro powder by air flow, then screwing a nut into the carrier screw rod, screwing out the nut before the liquid binder is solidified, and finishing the coating of the internal thread of the nut;
the method B comprises the following steps: mixing the composite micro powder with the diluted liquid binder to obtain spraying liquid; spraying the spraying liquid on the inner thread surface of the nut to finish the coating of the inner thread of the nut.
9. The method of preparing an anti-galling nut according to claim 8, further comprising the steps of:
S6, post-processing: the post-treatment includes one or more of drying, internal thread coating grinding, and internal thread cleaning.
10. The method for preparing a nut capable of preventing thread seizure as recited in claim 8, wherein the particle size of said polyurea micro-powder is 15 μm or less; the liquid binder is one or a combination of more of a metal binder, a metal stone binder and a metal rubber binder;
In the method A of S5, the carrier screw rod is made of a carbon rod or a wood rod; the carrier screw rod is provided with external threads matched with the internal threads of the nut, and the external threads are isosceles trapezoid teeth with 60-degree vertex angles; the tooth height of the external thread is smaller than that of the internal thread and is larger than that of a 60-degree tooth inclined plane of the internal thread; the width of the root of the external thread is 40-80 μm larger than that of the internal thread; the carrier screw rod simultaneously screws in and screws out a plurality of nuts.
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