CN117967294A - Signal regulation system and method for single-core cable - Google Patents
Signal regulation system and method for single-core cable Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a signal conditioning system for a single-core cable, comprising: the signal amplifying device is used for receiving the output signal of the single-core cable in real time and amplifying the output signal to obtain a first signal; the frequency compensation device is used for determining the frequency compensation intensity and the frequency compensation position in real time according to the frequency parameter of the first signal, and carrying out frequency compensation on the first signal according to the frequency compensation intensity at the frequency compensation position to obtain a second signal with the compensation frequency. The invention realizes the self-adaptive frequency equalization compensation of the attenuation distortion signals on the single-core cable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of petroleum logging instruments, and particularly relates to a signal conditioning system and method for a single-core cable.
Background
Today, in petroleum logging technology, downhole instruments modulate logging data within digital baseband signals, and transmit the digital baseband signals with the logging data to the surface via a cable, enabling transmission of the logging data. Wherein the transmission path of the signal is generally referred to as a channel. In practical application, the distributed capacitance, the distributed inductance and the distributed resistance existing in the cable make the attenuation and the delay of the digital baseband signals of each frequency different and the channel uneven. The digital baseband signal transmitted by the downhole tool may experience attenuation and distortion after passing through an uneven channel. Accordingly, the digital baseband signal carrying the logging data transmitted to the surface cannot be decoded normally.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a signal conditioning system for a single-core cable, which comprises the following components: the signal amplifying device is used for receiving an output signal of the single-core cable in real time and amplifying the output signal to obtain a first signal; the frequency compensation device is used for determining frequency compensation intensity and frequency compensation position in real time according to the frequency parameter of the first signal, and carrying out frequency compensation on the first signal according to the frequency compensation intensity at the frequency compensation position to obtain a second signal with compensation frequency.
Preferably, the frequency compensation means is further configured to determine an inflection point for adjusting a compensation frequency according to a frequency variation characteristic of the first signal, thereby determining the frequency compensation position.
Preferably, the frequency compensation device is further configured to determine a corresponding data transmission attenuation characteristic according to a characteristic parameter of the current single-core cable, and further combine the frequency parameter of the first signal to restore an input signal of the current single-core cable, and determine the frequency compensation strength based on the input signal.
Preferably, the frequency compensation device includes: the frequency parameter identification module is used for identifying the frequency parameter of the first signal and determining a high-frequency signal and a low-frequency signal in the first signal according to a preset frequency parameter threshold; a compensation information generation module for generating first compensation information for compensating frequency intensity of the high-frequency signal for the high-frequency signal, and generating second compensation information for compensating frequency intensity of the low-frequency signal for the low-frequency signal, wherein frequency compensation intensity in the first compensation information is higher than the second compensation information; the compensation position generation module is used for determining a critical position between a high-frequency signal and a low-frequency signal in the first signal and generating frequency compensation position information; and the compensation module is used for compensating the corresponding frequency band signals in the first signals by utilizing the first compensation information and the second compensation information according to the frequency compensation position information.
Preferably, the compensation module is provided with a frequency intensity compensation unit, wherein the frequency intensity compensation unit comprises: a variable resistance chip connected to an inverting input terminal of the signal amplifying device; and a feedback resistor connected across the inverting input and the output of the signal amplifying device.
Preferably, the compensation module further includes a frequency compensation position adjustment unit, wherein the frequency compensation position adjustment unit includes: a variable capacitance chip; and the resonance resistor is connected with the variable capacitance chip in series, and the resonance resistor is connected with the midpoint position of the feedback resistor.
Preferably, the frequency intensity compensation unit is further configured to adjust the frequency compensation intensity in real time by adjusting an equivalent resistance value of the variable resistance chip; the frequency compensation position adjusting unit is further used for adjusting the frequency compensation position in real time by adjusting the equivalent capacitance value of the variable capacitance chip.
Preferably, the variable resistance chip is preferably AD5263; the variable capacitance chip is preferably MAX1474.
Preferably, the signal conditioning system further comprises: and the crystal oscillator circuit is connected between the inverting input end and the output end of the signal amplifying device in a bridging way and is connected with the feedback resistor in parallel, wherein the crystal oscillator circuit is used for controlling the signal amplifying bandwidth of the signal amplifying device.
In addition, the invention also provides a signal regulating method for the single-core cable, which realizes the regulation of signals by using the system disclosed by the invention, and comprises the following steps: receiving an output signal of a single-core cable in real time, and amplifying the output signal to obtain a first signal; and determining frequency compensation intensity and a frequency compensation position in real time according to the frequency parameter of the first signal, and performing frequency compensation on the first signal according to the frequency compensation intensity at the frequency compensation position to obtain a second signal with compensation frequency.
One or more embodiments of the above-described solution may have the following advantages or benefits compared to the prior art:
The invention provides a signal conditioning system and a signal conditioning method for a single-core cable. The system amplifies the output signal of the single-core cable in real time, and frequency compensates the amplified output signal at the corresponding frequency compensation position according to the corresponding frequency compensation intensity. The invention realizes the self-adaptive frequency equalization compensation of the signal which generates attenuation distortion after passing through the single-core cable, realizes the waveform recovery of the input signal of the single-core cable, and ensures that the corresponding output signal can be accurately decoded.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention, without limitation to the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a specific structure of a signal conditioning system for a single-core cable according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of data transmission attenuation characteristics of a cable of a signal conditioning system for a single-core cable according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a gain frequency relationship of an amplifier of a signal conditioning system for a single-core cable according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a step diagram of a signal conditioning method for a single-core cable according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The following will describe embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings and examples, thereby solving the technical problems by applying technical means to the present invention, and realizing the technical effects can be fully understood and implemented accordingly. It should be noted that, as long as no conflict is formed, each embodiment of the present invention and each feature of each embodiment may be combined with each other, and the formed technical solutions are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
Today, in petroleum logging technology, downhole instruments modulate logging data within digital baseband signals, and transmit the digital baseband signals with the logging data to the surface via a cable, enabling transmission of the logging data. Wherein the transmission path of the signal is generally referred to as a channel. In practical application, the distributed capacitance, the distributed inductance and the distributed resistance existing in the cable make the attenuation and the delay of the digital baseband signals of each frequency different and the channel uneven. The digital baseband signal transmitted by the downhole tool may experience attenuation and distortion after passing through an uneven channel. Accordingly, the digital baseband signal carrying the logging data transmitted to the surface cannot be decoded normally.
Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the embodiments of the present invention provide a signal conditioning system and method for a single-core cable. The system amplifies the output signal of the single-core cable in real time, and frequency compensates the amplified output signal at the corresponding frequency compensation position according to the corresponding frequency compensation intensity. The invention realizes the self-adaptive frequency equalization compensation of the digital baseband signal which generates attenuation distortion after passing through the single-core cable, realizes the waveform recovery of the input signal of the single-core cable, and ensures that the corresponding output signal can be accurately decoded.
Example 1
The signal conditioning system for a single-core cable in this embodiment includes at least: signal amplifying means and frequency compensating means. Specifically, the signal conditioning system for a single-core cable according to the present embodiment is disposed at an output end of a digital baseband signal of the single-core cable. Firstly, a signal amplifying device receives an output signal of a single-core cable in real time and amplifies the output signal to obtain a first signal; and then, the frequency compensation device determines the frequency compensation intensity and the frequency compensation position in real time according to the frequency parameter of the first signal obtained by amplifying the output signal by the signal amplification device, and performs frequency compensation on the first signal according to the frequency compensation intensity at the frequency compensation position to obtain a second signal with compensation frequency.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a specific structure of a signal conditioning system for a single-core cable according to an embodiment of the present application. The signal conditioning system for a single-core cable according to the present application will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 1, the signal amplifying device of the present embodiment employs a general-purpose integrated operational amplifier chip as an inverting amplifier. The output signal of the single-core cable (i.e. the digital baseband signal transmitted through the single-core cable in real time) is input from Vin, and the output signal of the single-core cable is amplified by an inverting amplifier to obtain a first signal. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of data transmission attenuation characteristics of a cable of a signal conditioning system for a single-core cable according to an embodiment of the present application. After the digital baseband signal passes through the uneven channel of the single-core cable, the output signal of the single-core cable is inevitably erroneous due to the influence of the channel transmission characteristics and the channel noise. Specifically, the digital baseband signal passing through the single-core cable generates different attenuation degrees due to different signal frequencies, wherein the attenuation of the signal with low frequency is smaller, and the attenuation of the signal with high frequency is larger (refer to fig. 2). In order to recover the data information carried by the input signal, it is necessary to analyze the characteristics of the channel and amplify the output signal according to the analysis result, so as to correct the output signal.
Referring to fig. 2, the attenuation of the high-frequency signal passing through the single-core cable has a remarkable reduction tendency, so the invention adopts a frequency equalization adjustment mode to further process the output signal of the single-core cable. According to the embodiment, the attenuation characteristics of the output signals caused by the single-core cable are analyzed according to the characteristic parameters of the single-core cable, and the signals of different frequency bands in the output signals are properly enhanced, so that corresponding attenuation is compensated. Accordingly, the invention realizes the channel equalization compensation of the baseband digital signal which is distorted by the single-core cable, and restores the output signal to the normal signal, so that the output signal can be accurately decoded.
After the first signal is obtained, the frequency compensation device determines a corresponding frequency compensation mode in real time according to the frequency parameter of the first signal obtained by amplifying the output signal by the signal amplifying device, in other words, the frequency compensation device determines the corresponding frequency compensation mode in real time according to the numerical value and the change trend of the frequency parameter of the first signal, and adjusts the frequency compensation intensity and the frequency compensation position of the first signal in real time according to the change of the frequency compensation mode, so as to finally obtain the second signal with the compensation frequency.
Next, with continued reference to fig. 1, the output signal of the single-core cable enters the inverting amplifier through the input resistor Ri. The present embodiment employs a compensation amplifier constituted by an input resistor Ri, feedback resistors Rf1 and Rf2, and an inverting amplifier to amplify an output signal of a single-core cable. In addition, a frequency compensation network consisting of a resistor Rb and a capacitor C is added into the compensation amplifier of the embodiment, so that the signal conditioning system (namely, the balanced compensation amplifier) is formed. Wherein the gain of the signal conditioning system is expressed by the following expression:
wherein Uo represents an output voltage signal of a single-core cable, ui represents an output voltage signal of a signal regulating system, rf1 and Rf2 represent resistance values of feedback resistors respectively, ri represents resistance values of an input resistor, rb represents resistance values of resistors in a frequency compensation network, and 1/jωc represents alternating current impedance of a capacitor C.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a gain frequency relationship of an amplifier of a signal conditioning system for a single-core cable according to an embodiment of the present application. The slope represents the frequency compensation strength. Based on the expression of the gain of the signal conditioning system, a correlation between the gain and the signal frequency can be obtained (refer to fig. 3), namely: the gain of the signal conditioning system increases with increasing frequency. Accordingly, the application achieves the purpose of high-frequency compensation.
According to the correlation between the gain and the signal frequency, the inflection point of the compensated frequency can be adjusted by changing the parameter of the capacitor C, so that the method can be suitable for signals in different frequency bands; by varying the parameters of the input resistor Ri or the feedback resistors Rf1 and Rf2 to adjust the frequency compensation strength, different cable characteristics can be accommodated. Furthermore, the signal conditioning system for a single-core cable according to the embodiment introduces the digital potentiometer and the programmable capacitor as the control part on the basis of balanced compensation amplification, and combines the digital potentiometer and the programmable capacitor, thereby realizing the functions of adjustable compensation frequency inflection point and adjustable compensation slope.
The frequency compensation means determines an inflection point for adjusting the compensation frequency based on the frequency variation characteristic of the first signal, thereby determining a frequency compensation position. Specifically, the frequency compensation device of the embodiment performs real-time analysis on the frequency variation characteristics of the first signal output by the output end of the inverting amplifier, classifies the signals according to the frequency according to the analysis result, locks the critical positions of the high-low frequency band signals in real time, and takes the critical positions as inflection points of the compensation frequency, thereby taking the inflection points as corresponding frequency compensation positions.
Then, the frequency compensation device analyzes the data transmission attenuation characteristics of the output signal caused by the current single-core cable according to the characteristic parameters of the current single-core cable. After the attenuation characteristic is obtained, the embodiment combines the frequency parameters of the first signal, and appropriately enhances the signals of different frequency bands in the output signal based on the corresponding frequency compensation intensity to restore the input signal of the current single-core cable, so that the frequency compensation intensity can be determined.
Specifically, a frequency threshold value for distinguishing a high-frequency signal from a low-frequency signal is preset in the frequency compensation device, and a frequency parameter identification module in the frequency compensation device identifies a frequency parameter of the first signal. After the frequency parameters of the first signal are identified, the frequency parameter identification module determines a high-frequency signal and a low-frequency signal in the first signal according to a preset frequency parameter threshold. Then, the compensation information generation module generates first compensation information for compensating the frequency intensity of the high-frequency signal for the high-frequency signal, and generates second compensation information for compensating the frequency intensity of the low-frequency signal for the low-frequency signal, wherein the frequency compensation intensity in the first compensation information is higher than that in the second compensation information. That is, the compensation information generating module performs low-intensity compensation on the low-frequency signal and performs high-intensity compensation on the high-frequency signal in the first signal based on the classification result of the different frequency band signals in the first signal by the frequency parameter identifying module, and the specific first compensation information and the specific second compensation information are determined by the input signal of the current single-core cable. It should be noted that the preset frequency parameter threshold is not particularly limited in the present invention, and those skilled in the art may set the preset frequency parameter threshold according to attenuation characteristics of the digital baseband signal actually transmitted by the cable.
Next, since the first signal is formed by interleaving continuous high-frequency signals and low-frequency signals, the compensation position generating module in this embodiment determines a critical position between the high-frequency signals and the low-frequency signals in the first signal according to the classification result of the frequency parameter identifying module on the signals in different frequency bands in the first signal, and generates frequency compensation position information indicating the compensation positions of the first compensation information and the second compensation information. And finally, the compensation module compensates corresponding compensation information (first compensation information and second compensation information) at the corresponding frequency compensation position according to the frequency compensation position information, so as to realize the compensation of the corresponding frequency band signal in the first signal.
Further, the compensation module is provided with a frequency intensity compensation unit, wherein the frequency intensity compensation unit includes: a variable resistance chip connected to the inverting input terminal of the signal amplifying device; and a feedback resistor connected across the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the signal amplifying device. As shown in fig. 1, the input resistor of the present embodiment employs a variable resistance chip, which is connected to an inverting input terminal of a signal amplifying device (inverting amplifier), and an output signal of a single-core cable is input from Vin and then amplified by the signal amplifying device, and a first signal is output from an output terminal of the signal amplifying device. Meanwhile, the embodiment is further provided with a feedback resistor connected between the inverting input end and the output end of the signal amplifying device in a bridging mode, the feedback resistor guides the first signal output by the output end of the signal amplifying device back to an input loop of an amplifying circuit of the signal amplifying device, then the signal output by the signal amplifying device based on the returned first signal is used as a second signal to be output from Vout, and the second signal at the moment is an equilibrium compensation signal.
The compensation module further includes a frequency compensation position adjustment unit, wherein the frequency compensation position adjustment unit includes: a variable capacitance chip; and the resonance resistor is connected with the variable capacitance chip in series, and the resonance resistor is connected with the midpoint position of the feedback resistor. The frequency compensation adjusting unit of the embodiment of the application controls the variable capacitance chip through the digital control signal to finish the adjustment of the inflection point of the compensation frequency and the compensation intensity. The variable capacitance chip and the resistor (resonance resistor) in the frequency compensation network form a series resonance loop, and the connection mode is that the resonance resistor is connected with the midpoint position of the two feedback resistors.
The input resistance and the two fixed-value resistors as feedback resistors determine the gain of the signal conditioning system. The frequency intensity compensation unit adjusts the frequency compensation intensity in real time by adjusting the equivalent resistance value of the variable resistance chip. That is, the present embodiment changes the frequency compensation intensity by adjusting the resistance setting value of the variable resistance chip. The frequency compensation position adjusting unit adjusts the frequency compensation position in real time by adjusting the equivalent capacitance value of the variable capacitance chip. The present embodiment changes the frequency compensation position by adjusting the set value of the variable capacitance chip.
In one embodiment of the application, the variable resistance chip is preferably an AD5263 chip and the variable capacitance chip is preferably a MAX1474 chip. In practical application, the variable resistance chip and the variable capacitance chip can both change the set value according to the corresponding digital control signal.
Further, the signal conditioning system further comprises: and the crystal oscillator circuit is connected between the inverting input end and the output end of the signal amplifying device in a bridging way and is connected with the feedback resistor in parallel, wherein the crystal oscillator circuit is used for controlling the bandwidth of the signal amplifying device. Referring to fig. 1, a crystal oscillator circuit is connected to both ends of an inverting amplifier and is connected in parallel with a feedback resistor. In the embodiment of the application, the crystal oscillator circuit comprises a crystal oscillator CRB and a load capacitor Cf connected in series with the crystal oscillator CRB. The application adopts the crystal oscillator circuit to limit the signal amplification bandwidth of the signal amplification device (namely, the inverting amplifier) so that the inverting amplifier has a signal frequency amplification range matched with the frequency of the output signal, thereby ensuring that the inverting amplifier of the embodiment has an optimal frequency amplification range.
In addition, the capacitor Cin and the capacitor Cout of the embodiment are respectively connected with the input end and the output end of the crystal oscillator circuit, and the structure ensures continuous oscillation of the circuit in the signal regulating system and can correct the passing signal to a certain extent through fine tuning frequency and waveform.
Example two
On the other hand, based on the signal conditioning system for the single-core cable, the embodiment of the application also provides a signal conditioning method for the single-core cable, and the method utilizes the signal conditioning system for the single-core cable to effectively realize the self-adaptive frequency equalization compensation function for the signal of attenuation distortion on the single-core cable. Fig. 4 is a step diagram of a signal conditioning method for a single-core cable according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 4, the signal conditioning method for a single-core cable according to the present application includes the steps of: step S410 receives an output signal of a single-core cable in real time, and amplifies the output signal to obtain a first signal; step S420 is to determine the frequency compensation intensity and the frequency compensation position in real time according to the frequency parameter of the first signal obtained by amplifying the output signal in step S410, and to perform frequency compensation on the first signal according to the frequency compensation intensity at the frequency compensation position to obtain a second signal with a compensation frequency.
The invention provides a signal conditioning system and a signal conditioning method for a single-core cable. The system amplifies the output signal of the single-core cable in real time, and frequency compensates the amplified output signal at the corresponding frequency compensation position according to the corresponding frequency compensation intensity. The invention realizes the self-adaptive frequency equalization compensation of the digital baseband signal which generates attenuation distortion after passing through the single-core cable, realizes the waveform recovery of the input signal of the single-core cable, and ensures that the corresponding output signal can be accurately decoded.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
It is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments are not limited to the specific structures, process steps, or materials disclosed herein, but are intended to extend to equivalents of these features as would be understood by one of ordinary skill in the relevant arts. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting.
Reference in the specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrase "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.
While the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the embodiments are presented for the purpose of facilitating understanding of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can make any modification and variation in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, but the scope of the present disclosure is still subject to the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A signal conditioning system for a single core cable, comprising:
the signal amplifying device is used for receiving an output signal of the single-core cable in real time and amplifying the output signal to obtain a first signal;
the frequency compensation device is used for determining frequency compensation intensity and frequency compensation position in real time according to the frequency parameter of the first signal, and carrying out frequency compensation on the first signal according to the frequency compensation intensity at the frequency compensation position to obtain a second signal with compensation frequency.
2. The signal conditioning system of claim 1, wherein the signal conditioning system comprises,
The frequency compensation device is further used for determining an inflection point for adjusting the compensation frequency according to the frequency change characteristic of the first signal, so as to determine the frequency compensation position.
3. A signal conditioning system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that,
The frequency compensation device is further used for determining corresponding data transmission attenuation characteristics according to characteristic parameters of the current single-core cable, further combining the frequency parameters of the first signal to restore an input signal of the current single-core cable, and determining the frequency compensation intensity based on the input signal.
4. A signal conditioning system according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the frequency compensation means comprises:
the frequency parameter identification module is used for identifying the frequency parameter of the first signal and determining a high-frequency signal and a low-frequency signal in the first signal according to a preset frequency parameter threshold;
A compensation information generation module for generating first compensation information for compensating frequency intensity of the high-frequency signal for the high-frequency signal, and generating second compensation information for compensating frequency intensity of the low-frequency signal for the low-frequency signal, wherein frequency compensation intensity in the first compensation information is higher than the second compensation information;
The compensation position generation module is used for determining a critical position between a high-frequency signal and a low-frequency signal in the first signal and generating frequency compensation position information;
and the compensation module is used for compensating the corresponding frequency band signals in the first signals by utilizing the first compensation information and the second compensation information according to the frequency compensation position information.
5. The signal conditioning system of claim 4, wherein the compensation module is provided with a frequency intensity compensation unit, wherein the frequency intensity compensation unit comprises:
a variable resistance chip connected to an inverting input terminal of the signal amplifying device; and
And the feedback resistor is connected between the inverting input end and the output end of the signal amplifying device in a bridging way.
6. The signal conditioning system of claim 5, wherein the compensation module is further provided with a frequency compensation position adjustment unit, wherein the frequency compensation position adjustment unit comprises:
a variable capacitance chip; and
And the resonance resistor is connected with the variable capacitance chip in series, and the resonance resistor is connected with the midpoint position of the feedback resistor.
7. The signal conditioning system of claim 6, wherein the signal conditioning system,
The frequency intensity compensation unit is further used for adjusting the frequency compensation intensity in real time by adjusting the equivalent resistance value of the variable resistance chip;
The frequency compensation position adjusting unit is further used for adjusting the frequency compensation position in real time by adjusting the equivalent capacitance value of the variable capacitance chip.
8. The signal conditioning system according to claim 6 or 7, wherein,
The variable resistance chip is preferably AD5263;
the variable capacitance chip is preferably MAX1474.
9. The signal conditioning system according to any one of claims 6 to 8, further comprising:
and the crystal oscillator circuit is connected between the inverting input end and the output end of the signal amplifying device in a bridging way and is connected with the feedback resistor in parallel, wherein the crystal oscillator circuit is used for controlling the signal amplifying bandwidth of the signal amplifying device.
10. A signal conditioning method for a single core cable, characterized in that the signal conditioning method is implemented with a system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the method comprising:
Receiving an output signal of a single-core cable in real time, and amplifying the output signal to obtain a first signal;
And determining frequency compensation intensity and a frequency compensation position in real time according to the frequency parameter of the first signal, and performing frequency compensation on the first signal according to the frequency compensation intensity at the frequency compensation position to obtain a second signal with compensation frequency.
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