CN117964065A - Continuous electrodialysis industrial wastewater treatment process - Google Patents
Continuous electrodialysis industrial wastewater treatment process Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 132
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
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- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 15
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- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- 101100478693 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) STP22 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004737 colorimetric analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, and discloses a continuous electrodialysis industrial wastewater treatment process, which is realized by adopting a plurality of parallel flow dialysis tanks, specifically by communicating an industrial wastewater source to be treated with a water inlet pipe A and closing a flow valve A; the fresh water source is communicated with any water inlet pipe B for extremely water desalination and replacement; and obtaining the flow opening suitable for the current electrodialysis environment by adjusting the flow valve A, and performing continuous electrodialysis wastewater treatment. The continuous electrodialysis treatment is carried out on the flowing industrial wastewater by adopting the narrow long-strip groove body, so that large-batch, high-efficiency and low-energy consumption dialysis ion removal can be realized, and compared with the existing multi-concentration water chamber/fresh water chamber crossed arrangement, the static treatment process is more suitable for the treatment of the industrial wastewater in a large quantity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to the technical field of electrodialysis low carbon and harmless treatment of industrial wastewater, and specifically relates to a continuous electrodialysis industrial wastewater treatment process.
Background
Electrodialysis is a combination of electrochemical and dialysis diffusion processes; the method of separating different solute particles (such as ions) by utilizing the selective permeability of a semipermeable membrane under the drive of an externally applied direct current electric field is called dialysis. When dialysis is performed under the action of an electric field, the phenomenon in which charged solute particles (e.g., ions) in a solution migrate through a membrane is called electrodialysis. The technology of purifying and separating substances by electrodialysis, called electrodialysis method, is a new technology developed in the 50 s of the 20 th century, is used for sea water desalination initially, is now widely used in chemical industry, light industry, metallurgy, paper making, and medical industry, and is particularly important for preparing pure water and treating three wastes in environmental protection, such as acid-base recovery, electroplating waste liquid treatment, and recovery of useful substances from industrial waste water.
The conventional electrodialysis is carried out by adopting an electrodialysis tank, forming a plurality of concentrated water chambers by arranging a plurality of ion exchange membranes which are arranged at intervals in the electrodialysis tank, and a fresh water chamber and a polar chamber positioned at two ends, so that anions and cations in sewage or solution can move directionally under the action of concentration, electric field and self charge under the action of electric field at two ends, and anions and cations can be concentrated under the action of selective permeation of anion/cation membranes to form concentrated water and fresh water, thereby achieving the effects of metal ion recovery and sewage treatment. However, the technology is mature in the mode, the efficiency is not high enough, and the electrodialysis device needs to be stationary for a certain time in the dialysis process for ion movement, so that the output of fresh water and concentrated water of electrodialysis is discontinuous, the ion concentration of the concentrated water chamber is continuously increased along with the directional movement of anions and cations, the ion concentration of the fresh water chamber is continuously reduced, and the electrodialysis efficiency is gradually reduced under the condition that an electric field is not changed in time. After the dialysis is finished once, the wastewater to be treated in the concentrate chamber and the fresh water chamber needs to be renewed again, so that the whole electrodialysis process is discontinuous, and the efficiency is not high enough. Furthermore, the arrangement of the plurality of concentrate chambers and the fresh water chambers can greatly increase the span of the electric field, so that ions are not subjected to strong electric field action in the electric field, and the movement speed of the ions is not fast enough, so that the electrodialysis efficiency is not high under the action of the same electric field intensity. In order to solve the problems of industrial wastewater continuity and mass treatment, the invention provides an industrial wastewater treatment process which is different from the existing electrodialysis method, adopts a dynamic electrodialysis tank body and meets different concentrations and different pollutant types by controlling the flow of wastewater.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem of continuous industrial wastewater and high-efficiency treatment in large batches, the application provides a continuous electrodialysis industrial wastewater treatment process which is used for realizing uninterrupted industrial wastewater treatment and improving the electrodialysis efficiency. According to the electrodialysis method, the purpose of continuously electrodialysis treatment of heavy metal ions in industrial wastewater is achieved by changing the state of the industrial wastewater in the electrodialysis process mainly according to the basic principle of electrodialysis. Meanwhile, the high-concentration polar water generated in the electrodialysis process can be subjected to subsequent extraction and application, and the heavy metal is recovered, so that the aim of changing waste into valuables is fulfilled.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows:
The continuous electrodialysis industrial wastewater treatment process is realized by adopting a plurality of parallel flow dialysis tanks, each flow dialysis tank comprises a tank body, a negative/positive ion membrane is respectively arranged in the tank body along the length direction and divides the tank body into a flow cavity in the middle and a polar water cavity A which are positioned at two sides, one end of the flow cavity is provided with a water inlet pipe A for injecting wastewater, the water inlet pipe A is provided with a flow valve A for controlling the flow of wastewater, the other end of the flow cavity is provided with a water outlet pipe A for discharging the dialyzed wastewater, the width of the flow cavity is K, the length of the flow cavity is L, wherein L is more than or equal to 100K, and the unit: the two ends of the polar water cavity A and the polar water cavity A are respectively provided with a water inlet pipe B for injecting fresh water and a water outlet pipe B for discharging polar water; electrode plates A and electrode plates B which are parallel to the cationic membrane are respectively arranged on two sides of the inner wall of the tank body, and the electrode plates A and the electrode plates B are respectively communicated with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a direct current power supply and form an electric field E; the treatment steps of the wastewater dialysis are as follows:
Step STP10, communicating an industrial wastewater source to be treated with the water inlet pipe A, and closing a flow valve; the fresh water source is communicated with any water inlet pipe B for extremely water desalination and replacement;
Step STP20, opening a flow valve A, fixing the opening angle of the flow valve A, waiting for 15min, sampling water discharged from a water outlet pipe A, performing qualitative detection on pollutant ions, if the detection result is negative, performing step STP40, and if the detection result is positive, performing step STP30;
Step STP30, reducing the opening angle of the flow valve A, waiting for 15min, continuing to sample the water discharged from the water outlet pipe A and qualitatively detecting the pollutant ions, if the detection result is negative, performing step STP50, and if the detection result is positive, repeating step STP30;
step STP40, increasing the opening angle of the flow valve A, waiting for 15min, continuing to sample the water discharged from the water outlet pipe A and qualitatively detecting the pollutant ions, repeating step STP40 if the detection result is negative, and performing step STP30 if the detection result is positive;
in step STP50, the opening angle of the flow valve a is reduced by 1 ° and the current opening state is locked.
In order to fully recycle resources, preferably, the method of desalting and replacing the water in the step STP10 is changed into that the water outlet pipe A is communicated with any water inlet pipe B through a three-way valve, a flow valve B is additionally arranged on the water inlet pipe B, and a flow valve C is additionally arranged at the outlet end of the water outlet pipe A. The water inlet pipe B is communicated with the polar water cavity A and is used for reducing the concentration of the polar water by injecting fresh water into the polar water cavity A and the polar water cavity A, so that the whole electrolysis environment is in a relatively stable state. The method of injecting the fresh water in the flowing cavity into the polar water cavity A and the polar water cavity A can reduce the volume of secondary or secondary pollution water generated by electrodialysis treatment industrial wastewater, and is more environment-friendly. It is worth to say that, in the prior art, the electrodialysis tank structure with multiple concentrate chambers and fresh water chambers is adopted, namely, the electrodialysis tank is divided into a plurality of concentrate chambers and fresh water chambers through the ion membrane, after electrodialysis treatment, fresh water generated in the fresh water chambers does not contain harmful ions or compounds any more, harmless emission can be made after the standard of national regulation emission is reached, and the concentrate is treated independently. However, in the electrodialysis process, there is no treatment process for changing the concentration halfway, so in the conventional electrodialysis wastewater treatment process, the ion concentration difference between the concentrate chamber and the fresh water chamber is increased along with the electrodialysis, and the electrodialysis efficiency is reduced. The invention adopts the fresh water generated by electrodialysis to be gradually injected into the polar water cavity A and the polar water cavity A, thereby reducing the concentration difference caused by the electrodialysis, and the electrodialysis process is dynamic, and does not adopt a static electrodialysis mode in the prior art, so that the electrodialysis efficiency does not reduce along with the electrodialysis. Moreover, the fresh water produced by the water outlet pipe A is not desalted by the existing tap water, so that the pollution of the fresh water is not caused, and the effect of secondary utilization of sewage desalination is achieved.
In order to fully utilize the electrodialysis environment and aim at utilizing the effect of the electric field E in electrodialysis with maximum efficiency, avoid the waste of electric energy and avoid the incomplete electrodialysis, in order to maximize the resource utilization, preferably, the calculation method of the angle for opening the flow valve A for the first time in the step STP20 is as follows:
Step STP21, estimating a time T required for the migration distance S of the ions under the condition of the electric field E to be greater than the width K of the flow chamber, t=f (E, S, T +-, c), wherein E is the electric field strength, S is the ion migration distance, T +- is the ion mobility, and c is the ion concentration;
Step STP22, calculating the flow Q of the industrial wastewater flowing out from the flow valve A to the water outlet pipe A in the time T, wherein Q=V/T, and V is the volume of the flow chamber;
In step STP23, the opening angle of the flow Q is calculated from the maximum flow Qmax and the corresponding opening angle of the flow valve a.
Because the different industrial wastewater is treated, the compound ion types and the concentration are not uniform, how to quickly find the proper flow of the wastewater through the tank body is an important index for achieving energy conservation, high efficiency and compatibility when electrodialysis is carried out. If the flow Q of the wastewater passing through the tank body is too low, although the wastewater flowing out of the water outlet pipe A is the freshwater meeting the standard, the electric field E does not exert the maximum efficiency, and the optimal technical effect of 'making the best use of things' is not achieved; otherwise, if the flow Q of the wastewater passing through the tank body is too large, partial compounds or heavy metal ions are necessarily mixed in the wastewater flowing out of the water outlet pipe A, so that the purpose of purifying the wastewater is not achieved; therefore, it is necessary to find a flow Q of the currently treated industrial wastewater matched with the current electrodialysis environment by repeatedly adjusting the opening size of the flow valve A. Meanwhile, the size of the flow valve A which is opened for the first time is more approximate to the theoretical optimal opening size, the subsequent debugging process is shorter and efficient; the adaptability to fluctuation of pollutants in wastewater or replacement of treatment objects is also stronger.
In order to avoid the problem that the theoretical value fluctuates repeatedly up and down due to the overlarge single adjustment angle, unnecessary repeated adjustment occurs, the angle of the flow valve A is reduced/increased in the steps STP 30-STP 40 by taking 0.5-1 degree as an adjustment unit.
Preferably, the qualitative detection method of the contaminant ions in the STP40 comprises any one of a test paper assay method, a reagent detection precipitation method, a reagent detection colorimetry method or an instrumental assay method.
In order to increase the throughput per unit time, it is preferable that the tanks have a plurality of water inlet pipes a installed on any one of the tanks are connected to each other and to a waste water source. For industrial wastewater treatment and pipelining, the invention can realize the linear rising of wastewater treatment capacity by increasing the number of the tank bodies, and completely meets the demands of large flow and continuous industrial wastewater treatment which are urgent at present.
The beneficial effects are that:
1. The continuous electrodialysis treatment is carried out on the flowing industrial wastewater by adopting the narrow long-strip groove body, so that large-batch, high-efficiency and low-energy consumption dialysis ion removal can be realized, and compared with the existing multi-concentration water chamber/fresh water chamber crossed arrangement, the static treatment process is more suitable for the treatment of the industrial wastewater in a large quantity.
2. According to the invention, the flow valve group is adopted to accurately control the industrial wastewater flow, the water flow of the desalination electrode is accurately controlled, the electric field and intermediate products provided by electric energy can be utilized to the greatest extent, the low energy consumption and high efficiency are realized, meanwhile, the whole treatment process is completed only by utilizing the pressure difference flow of the industrial wastewater without driving equipment, and the construction and popularization are facilitated.
3. The continuous treatment process can increase the wastewater treatment capacity in unit time by increasing the number of the tanks participating in electrodialysis, and the increase of the number of the tanks is in linear proportion to the volume of the wastewater treatment in unit time, so that the wastewater treatment of different volumes can be satisfied.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the application or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the application, and that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive faculty for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tank body of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along section symbol A-A in fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a structure in which a plurality of tanks are arranged in parallel.
In the figure: 1-a water inlet pipe A; 2-flow valve a; 3-a water outlet pipe A; 4-a flow valve C; 5-a water inlet pipe B; 6-a flow valve B; 7-a water outlet pipe B; 10-a groove body; 101-an electrode plate A; 102-an anionic membrane; 103-cationic membrane; 104-electrode plate B; 105-pole water cavity A; 106-a flow chamber; 107-pole water chamber a.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments of the present application. The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the application, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the application, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, if the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate an azimuth or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, or an azimuth or a positional relationship in which a product of the application is conventionally put in use, it is merely for convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and it is not indicated or implied that the referred device or element must have a specific azimuth, be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description of the present application, if any, are used for distinguishing between the descriptions and not necessarily for indicating or implying a relative importance.
Furthermore, the terms "horizontal," "vertical," and the like in the description of the present application, if any, do not denote a requirement that the component be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but rather may be slightly inclined. As "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the description of the present application, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Example 1:
Referring to the continuous electrodialysis industrial wastewater treatment process shown in fig. 1-3 of the specification, the continuous electrodialysis industrial wastewater treatment process is realized by adopting a plurality of parallel flow dialysis tanks, wherein each flow dialysis tank comprises a tank body 10, the inside of each tank body 10 is respectively provided with a negative/positive ion membrane 102 and a positive ion membrane 103 along the length direction and divides the inner cavity of each tank body 10 into a flow cavity 106 positioned in the middle and a polar water cavity A105 and a polar water cavity A107 positioned at two sides, one end of each flow cavity 106 is provided with a water inlet pipe A1 for injecting wastewater, a flow valve A2 for controlling the flow of wastewater is arranged on the water inlet pipe A1, the other end of each flow cavity 106 is provided with a water outlet pipe A3 for discharging dialyzed wastewater, the width of each flow cavity 106 is K, and the length of each flow cavity 106 is L, wherein L is more than or equal to 100K, and the unit: mm, both ends of the polar water cavity A105 and the polar water cavity A107 are provided with a water inlet pipe B5 for injecting fresh water and a water outlet pipe B7 for discharging polar water; electrode plates A101 and electrode plates B104 which are parallel to the cationic membrane 103 are respectively arranged on two sides of the inner wall of the tank body 10, and the electrode plates A101 and the electrode plates B104 are respectively communicated with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a direct current power supply and form an electric field E; the treatment steps of the wastewater dialysis are as follows:
Step STP10, communicating an industrial wastewater source to be treated with the water inlet pipe A1, and closing the flow valve A2; the fresh water source is communicated with any water inlet pipe B5 for extremely desalting and replacing water;
Step STP20, opening a flow valve A2, fixing the opening angle of the flow valve A2, waiting for 15min, sampling water discharged from a water outlet pipe A3, qualitatively detecting pollutant ions, if the detection result is negative, performing step STP40, and if the detection result is positive, performing step STP30;
Step STP30, decreasing the opening angle of the flow valve A2, waiting for 15min, continuing to sample the water discharged from the water outlet pipe A3 and qualitatively detecting the pollutant ions, if the detection result is negative, performing step STP50, and if the detection result is positive, repeating step STP30;
Step STP40, increasing the opening angle of the flow valve A2, waiting for 15min, continuing to sample the water discharged from the water outlet pipe A3 and qualitatively detecting the pollutant ions, repeating step STP40 if the detection result is negative, and performing step STP30 if the detection result is positive;
In step STP50, the opening angle of the flow valve A2 is reduced by 1 ° and the current opening state is locked. This step is based on the safety consideration of the discharged waste water, because the opening of the flow valve A2 is the theoretical optimum value of the current industrial waste water, and the actual opening value is set to be lower than the theoretical optimum value, so that the electrodialysis process which is completed when the waste water does not reach the water outlet pipe A3 is finished, namely, the discharged waste water does not have relevant compound ions or compound ions are lower than the national specified discharge standard. In order to further improve the safety of the treatment process, the opening of the optimal flow valve A2 set in advance is not suitable for subsequent treatment based on the fact that uncertain or uncontrollable factors possibly exist in industrial wastewater to cause compound concentration fluctuation in the middle, the water sample discharged from the water outlet pipe A3 is detected again after 60 minutes of treatment, and if the water sample is negative, electrodialysis treatment is continued without any adjustment; if the detected pollutant content of the water sample exceeds the standard or is positive, the opening of the flow valve A2 should be adjusted down again.
Description of working principle:
The present embodiment is based on the existing electrodialysis principle, and by improving the structure of the tank body 10, a certain time is required when the wastewater passes through the narrow and longer tank body 10, but the present invention skillfully uses the time that the wastewater passes through the tank body 10, and separates the harmful ions in the wastewater under the action of the electric field E, thereby achieving the effect of purifying the water quality.
As a core improvement of the present invention, the effect of providing the tank 10 in a long and narrow shape is two: 1. ensure that the wastewater has enough time to complete electrodialysis when flowing through the flow cavity 106 of the tank body 10, thereby achieving continuous treatment of the wastewater, avoiding the need of intermittent water exchange and static electrodialysis as in the prior art, and having higher efficiency. 2. The narrower cell 10 allows for higher ion mobility and better results under the same electric field E.
Of course, since the number of ions in the wastewater to be treated is unknown, and the ion types and concentrations are different from each other, the flow rate of the different industrial wastewater during treatment is also different, and therefore, the opening of the flow valve A2 for controlling the flow rate/flow rate of the industrial wastewater entering the flow chamber 106 is particularly important, so that the treatment device is suitable for the treatment of various industrial wastewater, and the technical effects of low energy consumption and high efficiency can be achieved.
As described in the above steps STP10 to STP50, the opening degree of the electrodialysis treatment of the industrial wastewater in the best electrodialysis environment determined currently can be adjusted by the flow valve A2 to simultaneously satisfy the maximum utilization of the electric field E and the highest efficiency of the treatment of the industrial wastewater, so that neither electric energy is wasted nor the discharged wastewater is caused to have out-of-standard ionic pollutants.
Example 2:
In this embodiment, based on the structure and principle of embodiment 1, further referring to fig. 1-3, in order to fully recycle resources, in this embodiment, in the step STP10, the mode of extremely water desalination and replacement is changed into that the water outlet pipe A3 is communicated with any water inlet pipe B5 through a three-way valve, a flow valve B6 is additionally arranged on the water inlet pipe B5, and a flow valve C4 is additionally arranged on the outlet end of the water outlet pipe A3. The water inlet pipe B5 is communicated with the polar water cavity A105 and the polar water cavity A107 and is used for reducing the concentration of the polar water by injecting fresh water into the polar water cavity A105 and the polar water cavity A107, so that the whole electrolysis environment is in a relatively stable state. The method of injecting the fresh water in the flow cavity 106 into the polar water cavity A105 and the polar water cavity A107 can reduce the volume of secondary or secondary pollution water generated by the electrodialysis treatment industrial wastewater, and is more environment-friendly. It is worth to say that, in the prior art, the electrodialysis tank structure with multiple concentrate chambers and fresh water chambers is adopted, namely, the electrodialysis tank is divided into a plurality of concentrate chambers and fresh water chambers through the ion membrane, after electrodialysis treatment, fresh water generated in the fresh water chambers does not contain harmful ions or compounds any more, harmless emission can be made after the standard of national regulation emission is reached, and the concentrate is treated independently. However, in the electrodialysis process, there is no treatment process for changing the concentration halfway, so in the conventional electrodialysis wastewater treatment process, the ion concentration difference between the concentrate chamber and the fresh water chamber is increased along with the electrodialysis, and the electrodialysis efficiency is reduced. The invention adopts the fresh water generated by electrodialysis to be gradually injected into the polar water cavity A105 and the polar water cavity A107, thereby reducing the concentration difference caused by the electrodialysis, and the electrodialysis process is dynamic, and does not adopt the static electrodialysis mode in the prior art, so that the electrodialysis efficiency does not reduce along with the electrodialysis. Moreover, the fresh water produced by the water outlet pipe A3 is not desalted by the existing tap water, so that the pollution of the fresh water is not caused, and the effect of secondary utilization of sewage desalination is achieved. The amount of the extreme water desalination is mainly regulated by the flow valve B6 and is regulated in an auxiliary way by the flow valve C4, because if the opening of the flow valve C4 is too large, resulting in too low a pressure of the liquid entering the flow valve B6, even if the flow valve B6 has a certain opening, the liquid actually flowing through the flow valve B6 will be lower than the set flow, resulting in a reduced effect of the extreme water desalination.
In order to fully utilize the electrodialysis environment and aim at utilizing the effect of the electric field E in electrodialysis with maximum efficiency, avoiding the waste of electric energy and avoiding the incomplete electrodialysis, in order to maximize the resource utilization, in this embodiment, the method for calculating the angle of opening the flow valve A2 for the first time in the step STP20 is as follows:
Step STP21, estimating a time T, t=fe, S, T +-, c required for the migration distance S of the ions under the electric field E condition to be greater than the width K of the flow chamber 106, wherein E is the electric field strength, S is the ion migration distance, T +- is the ion mobility, and c is the ion concentration; in order to facilitate estimation, besides the accurate values of the electric field E and the ion migration distance S, the ion mobility t +- and the ion concentration c can be calculated by adopting an average value of industrial wastewater treatment, so that an estimation result can be quickly obtained. It is worth to say that, because of the large difference of the ion types and the content concentration of different industrial sewage, the step only needs to be estimated roughly, so that the opening of the flow valve A2 can be determined quickly, a foundation is laid for the subsequent opening adjustment, and the time period of the whole opening adjustment is shortened. Of course, this step only increases the beneficial effect, and improves the improvement setting of adjustment efficiency, even if the opening starts from the maximum or the minimum, the step STP 20-step STP50 can also obtain the opening value that is better for the current electrodialysis environment and the determined industrial wastewater, and only the adjustment times will be obviously increased, thus resulting in the reduction of efficiency. In the whole opening debugging process, water discharged through the water outlet pipe A3 and the water outlet pipe B7 is required to be reintroduced into an untreated industrial wastewater source to participate in electrodialysis treatment, so that the problem of pollution caused by leakage of pollutants in the debugging process is avoided.
Step STP22, calculating the flow Q, q=v/T of the industrial wastewater flowing out from the flow valve A2 into the flow chamber 106 to the water outlet pipe A3 in the time T, wherein V is the volume of the flow chamber 106;
In step STP23, the opening angle of the flow Q is calculated from the maximum flow Qmax and the corresponding opening angle of the flow valve A2.
Because of the different industrial wastewater treatments, the compound ion types and the concentration are not uniform, how to quickly find the proper flow of the wastewater through the tank body 10 is an important index for achieving energy conservation, high efficiency and compatibility when electrodialysis is performed. If the flow Q of the wastewater passing through the tank body 10 is too low, although the wastewater flowing out from the water outlet pipe A3 is guaranteed to be the standard-compliant fresh water, the electric field E does not exert the maximum efficiency, and the optimal technical effect of 'making the best use of things' is not achieved; conversely, if the flow Q of the wastewater passing through the tank body 10 is too large, part of compounds or heavy metal ions are necessarily mixed in the wastewater flowing out of the water outlet pipe A3, so that the purpose of purifying the wastewater is not achieved; therefore, it is necessary to find a flow Q of the currently treated industrial wastewater matched with the current electrodialysis environment by repeatedly adjusting the opening size of the flow valve A2. Meanwhile, the size of the flow valve A2 which is opened for the first time is more approximate to the theoretical optimal opening size, the subsequent debugging process is shorter and efficient; the adaptability to fluctuation of pollutants in wastewater or replacement of treatment objects is also stronger.
In order to avoid the problem that the theoretical value fluctuates repeatedly up and down due to the excessively large single adjustment angle, unnecessary repeated adjustment occurs, the angle of decreasing/increasing the flow valve A2 in step STP30 to step STP40 is adjusted in units of 0.5 ° -1 °.
In this embodiment, the qualitative detection method of the contaminant ions in the STP40 includes any one of a test paper assay, a reagent detection precipitation method, a reagent detection colorimetric method and an instrumental assay.
In order to increase the throughput per unit time, in this embodiment, the tank body 10 has a plurality of water inlet pipes A1 installed on any one of the tank bodies 10, as shown in fig. 3, are all mutually communicated and connected to a waste water source. For industrial wastewater treatment and pipelining, the invention can realize the linear rise of wastewater treatment capacity by increasing the number of the tank bodies 10, and completely meets the demands of large-flow and continuous industrial wastewater treatment which are urgent at present.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (6)
1. The continuous electrodialysis industrial wastewater treatment process is characterized by being realized by adopting a plurality of parallel flow dialysis tanks, wherein each flow dialysis tank comprises a tank body (10), the inside of each tank body (10) is respectively provided with a negative/positive ion membrane (102, 103) along the length direction and divides the inner cavity of each tank body (10) into a flow cavity (106) positioned in the middle and polar water cavities A (105) and A (107) positioned at two sides, one end of each flow cavity (106) is provided with a water inlet pipe A (1) for injecting wastewater, the water inlet pipe A (1) is provided with a flow valve A (2) for controlling the flow of wastewater, the other end of each flow cavity (106) is provided with a water outlet pipe A (3) for discharging the dialyzed wastewater, the width of each flow cavity (106) is K, the length of each flow cavity (106) is L, and L is more than or equal to 100K, and the unit is as follows: the two ends of the polar water cavity A (105) and the polar water cavity A (107) are provided with a water inlet pipe B (5) for injecting fresh water and a water outlet pipe B (7) for discharging polar water; electrode plates A (101) and electrode plates B (104) which are parallel to the cationic membrane (103) are respectively arranged on two sides of the inner wall of the tank body (10), and the electrode plates A (101) and the electrode plates B (104) are respectively communicated with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a direct current power supply and form an electric field E; the treatment steps of the wastewater dialysis are as follows:
step STP10, communicating an industrial wastewater source to be treated with the water inlet pipe A (1), and closing the flow valve A (2); the fresh water source is communicated with any water inlet pipe B (5) for extremely desalting and replacing water;
Step STP20, opening the flow valve A (2), fixing the opening angle of the flow valve A (2), waiting for 15min, sampling the water discharged from the water outlet pipe A (3), qualitatively detecting pollutant ions, if the detection result is negative, performing step STP40, and if the detection result is positive, performing step STP30;
step STP30, decreasing the opening angle of the flow valve A (2), waiting for 15min, continuing to sample the water discharged from the water outlet pipe A (3) and qualitatively detecting the pollutant ions, if the detection result is negative, performing step STP50, and if the detection result is positive, repeating step STP30;
Step STP40, increasing the opening angle of the flow valve A (2), waiting for 15min, continuing to sample the water discharged from the water outlet pipe A (3) and qualitatively detecting pollutant ions, repeating step STP40 if the detection result is negative, and performing step STP30 if the detection result is positive;
in step STP50, the opening angle of the flow valve a (2) is reduced by 1 ° and the current opening state is locked.
2. The continuous electrodialysis industrial wastewater treatment process according to claim 1, wherein the method of extremely desalting and replacing in the step STP10 is changed into that the water outlet pipe a (3) is communicated with any water inlet pipe B (5) through a three-way valve, a flow valve B (6) is additionally arranged on the water inlet pipe B (5), and a flow valve C (4) is additionally arranged on the outlet end of the water outlet pipe a (3).
3. The continuous electrodialysis industrial wastewater treatment process according to claim 1, wherein the angle calculation method for opening the flow valve a (2) for the first time in the step STP20 is as follows:
Step STP21, estimating a time T required for the migration distance S of the ions under the electric field E to be greater than the width K of the flow chamber (106), t=f (E, S, T +-, c), wherein E is the electric field strength, S is the ion migration distance, T +- is the ion mobility, and c is the ion concentration;
Step STP22, calculating the flow Q of the industrial wastewater flowing out from the flow valve a (2) into the flow cavity (106) to the water outlet pipe a (3) within the time T, wherein q=v/T, wherein V is the volume of the flow cavity (106);
In step STP23, the opening angle of the flow Q is calculated from the maximum flow Qmax and the corresponding opening angle of the flow valve a (2).
4. A continuous electrodialysis industrial wastewater treatment process according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the angle of decreasing/increasing flow valve a (2) in step STP 30-step STP40 is in units of adjustment of 0.5 ° -1 °.
5. The continuous electrodialysis industrial wastewater treatment process according to claim 1, wherein said qualitative detection method of contaminant ions in step STP40 comprises any one of a test paper assay, a reagent detection precipitation method, a reagent detection colorimetry method, or an instrumental assay method.
6. A continuous electrodialysis industrial wastewater treatment process according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the tanks (10) have a plurality of water inlet pipes a (1) mounted on any one tank (10) are connected to each other and to a wastewater source.
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