CN201148367Y - Electric softening installation - Google Patents

Electric softening installation Download PDF

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Publication number
CN201148367Y
CN201148367Y CNU2008200009909U CN200820000990U CN201148367Y CN 201148367 Y CN201148367 Y CN 201148367Y CN U2008200009909 U CNU2008200009909 U CN U2008200009909U CN 200820000990 U CN200820000990 U CN 200820000990U CN 201148367 Y CN201148367 Y CN 201148367Y
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China
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electric
exchange membrane
softener
water
water chamber
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Expired - Fee Related
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CNU2008200009909U
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Chinese (zh)
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孟广祯
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BEIJING GRANT MEMBRANE SEPARATION EQUIPMENT Co Ltd
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Individual
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  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model relates to a liquid softening device driven by direct current. The device comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode, at least an anion-exchange membrane, at least a cation exchange membrane, and mixed ion exchange resin that is filled between the anion-exchange membrane and the cation exchange membrane; the anion-exchange membrane and the cation exchange membrane are alternatively arranged between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; thus the inside of the device is divided into a soft water chamber, a concentrated water chamber and a polar water chamber; two electrodes are communicated with direct-current electricity so that the calcium and magnesium ions and the antiparticles can be driven by the electricity to leave the soft water chamber to enter the concentrated water chamber. In the device, the mixed ion exchange resin is filled in the soft water chamber, or the soft water chamber and the concentrated water chamber so as to reduce the operating voltage and the power consumption of the device. When the device operates, the operating current is controlled between 20 percent and 90 percent of the limiting current, so as to reach the purpose of partly softening. Compared with the traditional cation exchanger, the device can prevent the use of acid, alkali or salt, avoid the emissions of concentrated salt water, reduce the environmental pollution, and simultaneously realize the partly softening. Compared with the traditional electrodialytic softening device, the liquid softening device can reduce the operating voltage and further reduce the power consumption.

Description

Electric softener
Technical field
The utility model belongs to water-treatment technology field, relates to a kind ofly with the liquid softening installation of direct current as motivating force, particularly a kind ofly carries out liquid or water section remollescent Electric softener by the control current amount.
Technical background
The softening process that is meant calcium in the liquid and magnesium ion removal of liquid.Traditional liquid softening method mainly is a base exchange method, and this method is exactly with the sodium ion in the Zeo-karb or calcium in hydrogen ion and the liquid and magnesium ion exchange, and calcium and magnesium ion concentration in the water are reduced; When the sodium ion in the Zeo-karb or hydrogen ion exchange totally, realize back exchange with the sodium ion solution or the hydrogen ion solution of high density again, make Zeo-karb obtain regeneration.The greatest problem that the cationic exchange tenderizer exists is that ion exchange resin must use acid, alkali or salt regeneration, therefore causes a large amount of uses and the environmental pollution of chemical; Intermitten service, operating parameter fluctuation have also been caused; Simultaneously, regenerative operation is also comparatively complicated.The cationic exchange tenderizer can not realize that generally part is softening in addition, but at aspects such as domestic waters, and part is softening obviously to have certain necessity.
Calcium in the liquid and magnesium ion can be removed with electrically driven (operated) mode fully.Because calcium and magnesium ion are double-charge ions, under same electromotive force, the electrical drive power that acts on these ions can be higher than the electrical drive power that acts on the univalent cation (as sodium ion).Therefore electricity drives the desalination meeting has preferential selectivity to hardness.Electricity consumption drives and realizes the softening use that can avoid chemical, reduces environmental pollution; Continuous operation that can implement device; Can also realize that part is softening by current setting.
Electricity drives desalination method and comprises that mainly (electric desalination is also referred to as filling electrodialysis or continuous electric desalination for Electro-dialysis, ED) technology and electric desalination technology (Electro-de-ionization EDI) in electrodialysis.The two the structural difference of electrodialysis and electric desalination is that the latter is filled with ionophore at least in freshwater room; The two difference on using is that the former is used for the preliminary desalination of solution and the latter is used for the advanced desalination of solution; Difference on the two operational conditions be the former the latter works more than limiting current working below the limiting current.Limiting current (I wherein 0) be meant the electric current that all ions need in the migration liquid, can flow through flow F (L/s) and Ferrari constant calculations between a pair of film according to salt total concn M (mole/L) in the liquid.
I 0(A)=96500(Q/mole)×M(mole/L)×F(L/s) (1)
It is known technology that electric desalination technology is used for PREPARATION OF ULTRA-PURE WATER.For example United States Patent (USP) (US4465573) has disclosed a kind of electric desalination method with freshwater room and the equal filling ion exchange resin of dense hydroecium, and this patent has also disclosed the electric desalination plant of multistage combination simultaneously.Chinese patent (application number 200720153934.4) has disclosed the reverse-flow type electric desalting unit of a kind of freshwater room and the equal filling of dense hydroecium, this reverse-flow type electric desalting unit can be avoided dense water hardness fouling effectively, make electricity remove salt pair feedwater index request and relax greatly, thereby make electric desalination technology obtain application space more widely.
Chinese patent (97116340.5) has disclosed the Electric softener at the single Zeo-karb of freshwater room filling, and this device is attempted to utilize when the method for water softening room filling sun resin realizes the Electric softener ion migration the preferential selectivity to hardness.But calcium and magnesium ion by cationic exchange resin adsorption, also must break away from the absorption of Zeo-karb simultaneously on the cationic exchange membrane surface in water softening room in Electric softener, see through cationic exchange membrane and enter dense water.With respect to sodium ion, calcium and magnesium ion are higher by the tendency of cationic exchange resin adsorption, and the tendency of disengaging Zeo-karb is lower.Therefore, freshwater room filling Zeo-karb can not improve the softening selectivity of device.As previously mentioned, Electric softener is selective to calcium and magnesium ion transport really, and in fact this selectivity comes from electric field high charge ion impellent is better than low charge state ions but not the selectivity of Zeo-karb.The technology that this patent discloses is that these resins only provide conductor for positively charged ion at water softening room filling Zeo-karb.And in the ion migration process, zwitterion migration the quantity of electric charge must balance, only obviously be unfavorable for reducing the resistance of Electric softener for negatively charged ion raising conductor for positively charged ion provides conductor.Water softening room and dense hydroecium resistance only do not provide conductor obviously can cause the problem of whole device too high in resistance for dense water ion migration for water softening room provides the ion migration conductor at the same order of magnitude in electric softening process simultaneously.
In sum, lack Electric softener in the known technology at water softening room and the equal filling mixture iron exchange resin of dense hydroecium.
Summary of the invention
The utility model will solve existing electrodialysis unit and the high technical problem of cations filling Electric softener power consumption, and a kind of Electric softener at water softening room and the equal filling mixture iron exchange resin of dense hydroecium is provided.
The utility model Electric softener is characterised in that at water softening room and the equal filling mixture iron exchange resin of dense hydroecium.
The utility model Electric softener feature also is to utilize the countercurrent electric softening installation to carry out the softening of liquid, reduces the tendency of dense water fouling in the Electric softener.
The utility model Electric softener feature also is to utilize multistage Electric softener to carry out the softening of liquid, to satisfy the requirement of softening required electric current.
The utility model Electric softener feature also is to control the 20-90% that running current is a limiting current.When electric current less than 20% the time, bating effect is not obvious, when electric current was higher than 90%, too much hydroxide ion participated in conduction, makes anion-exchange side surface p H value increase, dense water scale formation is more serious.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of first kind of Electric softener of the utility model, and shown is the softening mode of a kind of downflow system electricity, expresses the situation of each flow direction and various ion migration simultaneously.
Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram of second kind of Electric softener of the utility model, and shown is the softening mode of a kind of reverse-flow electricity, expresses the situation of each flow direction and various ion migration simultaneously.
Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram of the third reverse-flow Electric softener of the utility model, expression be a kind of Electric softener of multistage counter current formula, express the situation of each flow direction and various ion migration simultaneously.
Embodiment
The synoptic diagram of first kind of Electric softener of the utility model shown in Figure 1, shown is the softening mode of a kind of downflow system electricity.The space that anion-exchange membrane in the device (20) and cationic exchange membrane (30) will install between positive and negative electrode (60,50) is divided into two utmost point hydroeciums (1), a plurality of water softening rooms alternate with each other (2) and dense hydroecium (3).Water softening room (2) filling mixture iron exchange resin particle (10); Dense hydroecium (3) and utmost point hydroecium (1) be filling mixture iron exchange resin (40) all.Wherein the mixture iron exchange resin (40) of the mixture iron exchange resin particle (10) of water softening room (2) filling and dense utmost point hydroecium (1,2) filling can be same mixture, also can be different mixtures.The soft water feed-water intake is located at the lower end of downflow system electricity desalination plant, and soft water outlet is located at the upper end of downflow system electricity desalination plant, and fresh water flows in water softening room (2) from bottom to top; Dense water inlet is located at downflow system electricity desalination plant lower end, and dense water out is located at downflow system electricity desalination plant upper end, and dense water from bottom to top flows in dense hydroecium 3; Utmost point water inlet is located at downflow system electricity desalination plant lower end, and utmost point water out is located at the reverse-flow type electric desalting unit upper end, and utmost point water from bottom to top flows in utmost point hydroecium (1), is beneficial to get rid of in the utmost point water because the gas that electrolysis produces.
At water softening room (2) water intake end, zwitterion sees through anion and cation exchange membrane respectively and enters dense hydroecium (3) under electric field action.The positively charged ion of dense water will be based on calcium, magnesium, sulfate ion because the electrical haulage power that multiplycharged ion is subjected to greater than single charge ion, therefore enters here.In water softening room (2) water side, because most of calcium, magnesium, sulfate ion have entered dense hydroecium (3) in the water softening room (2), the ion of the dense water that enters here will be taken as the leading factor with sodium, chlorion.Though the ionigraphic mobility of hydrogen ion and hydroxide ion is higher, other ionic concentration ratio hydrogen ions and the high 4-5 of a hydroxide ion order of magnitude in the soft water in Electric softener, thereby hydrogen ion and hydroxide ion are less to current contribution.
This device should be at first according to formula (1) estimation limiting current when operation.In limiting current 20-90% scope, regulate the magnitude of current to obtain suitable bating effect.When the maximum current that can bear near ion-exchange membrane when the magnitude of current still can not satisfy softening the requirement, can lower feedwater flow or adopt as shown in Figure 3 multistage softening installation.
For the purpose of simplification device, dense water shown in Figure 1 and the feedwater of utmost point water can merge, and dense water and the water outlet of utmost point water also can merge.
The synoptic diagram of second kind of Electric softener of the utility model shown in Figure 2, shown is a kind of reverse-flow Electric softener.This kind form is identical with first kind of Electric softener downflow system of the utility model Electric softener essential structure shown in Figure 1, and identical part is represented with identical label, and no longer is repeated in this description.
What second kind of reverse-flow Electric softener of Electric softener of the utility model shown in Figure 2 was different with first kind of Electric softener downflow system of the utility model Electric softener shown in Figure 1 is the upper end that the soft water feed-water intake is located at reverse-flow Electric softener, soft water outlet is located at the lower end of reverse-flow Electric softener, and soft water flows in water softening room 2 from top to bottom.
Second kind of Electric softener of the utility model shown in Figure 2, the calcium, magnesium ion that at first enter dense water at the soft water water intake end in the reverse-flow Electric softener are directly discharged with dense water water outlet, with respect to the downflow system Electric softener of first kind of Electric softener of utility model, the tendency of dense water fouling is lower.Salt concn difference at reverse-flow Electric softener soft water water side soft water and dense water is relatively low, and relative higher with the salt concn difference of dense water at downflow system Electric softener soft water water side soft water, therefore reverse-flow Electric softener is more higher than downflow system Electric softener electrical efficiency.
For the purpose of simplification device, a feedwater piping is merged in dense water shown in Figure 2 and the feedwater of utmost point water, and a pipeline is also merged in dense water and the water outlet of utmost point water.
The synoptic diagram of the third Electric softener of the utility model shown in Figure 3, shown is a kind of multistage counter current formula Electric softener of representing with 3 sections countercurrent electric softening installations.This multistage counter current formula Electric softener is identical with the reverse-flow Electric softener essential structure of second kind of Electric softener of the utility model shown in Figure 2, and identical part is represented with identical label, and no longer is repeated in this description.
The third Electric softener multistage counter current formula Electric softener of the utility model shown in Figure 3 is different with second kind of reverse-flow Electric softener of Electric softener of the utility model shown in Figure 2 is that soft water and dense water are respectively through the electric softening process more than 2 sections.
Embodiment 1
Feedwater is phreatic water, feedwater total dissolved solid 526mg/L, hardness 352mg/L (CaCO 3Meter).After filtering through 30 micrometer fibers strainers, former water enters Electric softener as shown in Figure 1.Electric softener is made up of 200mm * 42 pairs of 500mm anion and cation exchange membranes, and with downflow system shown in Figure 1 assembling, the soft water flow is hours 3.0 cubic metres, and dense, utmost point discharge always is per hour 0.45 cubic metre.Service data such as following table.
Electric current (A) (± 0.1) 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0
Voltage (V) (± 1) 28 58 100 125 161 210
Hardness (mg/L, CaCO 3Meter) 448 375 307 238 171 105
Embodiment 2
Feedwater is phreatic water, feedwater total dissolved solid 526mg/L, hardness 352mg/L (CaCO 3Meter).After filtering through 30 micrometer fibers strainers, former water enters Electric softener as shown in Figure 1.Electric softener is made up of 200mm * 42 pairs of 500mm anion and cation exchange membranes, and with reverse-flow assembling shown in Figure 2, the soft water flow is hours 3.0 cubic metres, and dense, utmost point discharge always is per hour 0.45 cubic metre.Service data such as following table.
Electric current (A) (± 0.1) 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0
Voltage (V) (± 1) 26 55 95 115 148 189
Hardness (mg/L, CaCO3 meter) 445 368 299 230 160 95
Embodiment 3
Feedwater is phreatic water, feedwater total dissolved solid 526mg/L, hardness 352mg/L (CaCO 3Meter).After filtering through 30 micrometer fibers strainers, former water enters Electric softener as shown in Figure 1.Electric softener is made up of 200mm * 42 pairs of 500mm anion and cation exchange membranes, 2 sections reverse-flow assemblings shown in Figure 3, and the soft water flow is hours 1.5 cubic metres, dense, utmost point discharge always is per hour 0.25 cubic metre.Service data such as following table.
Electric current (A) (± 0.1) 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0
Voltage (V) (± 1) 31 67 107 130 167 223
Hardness (mg/L, CaCO3 meter) 366 229 76 46 35 19

Claims (4)

1, a kind of Electric softener, comprise a positive electrode, a negative potential, at least one anion-exchange membrane, at least one cationic exchange membrane and be filled in anion-exchange membrane and cationic exchange membrane between mixture iron exchange resin, wherein anion-exchange membrane and cationic exchange membrane are alternately between positive electrode and negative potential, to install interior every being divided into water softening room, dense hydroecium and utmost point hydroecium, on two electrodes, apply direct current, make calcium and magnesium ion and gegenion thereof under electricity drives, leave water softening room and enter dense hydroecium.It is characterized in that running current is the 20-90% of limiting current at water softening room and dense hydroecium filling ion exchange resin.
2, Electric softener according to claim 1, its feature also are at utmost point hydroecium filling mixture iron exchange resin.
3, Electric softener according to claim 1, its feature also be soft water flow to concentrated stream to opposite.
4, Electric softener according to claim 1, its feature are that also Electric softener is by forming more than two sections.
CNU2008200009909U 2008-01-11 2008-01-11 Electric softening installation Expired - Fee Related CN201148367Y (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101928054A (en) * 2010-09-03 2010-12-29 上海港申化工有限公司 Production equipment for purified water
CN102574709A (en) * 2009-09-02 2012-07-11 (株)阿酷阿科技 Electrode separation type water softener
CN103058425A (en) * 2011-10-21 2013-04-24 通用电气公司 Desalting system and method
CN103502155A (en) * 2011-05-13 2014-01-08 松下电器产业株式会社 Regenerative water softening device
CN104961204A (en) * 2015-05-15 2015-10-07 浙江沐源环境工程有限公司 Electrodialyzer common electrode plate
CN108083518A (en) * 2017-12-25 2018-05-29 天津中领水系统技术有限公司 The portable electrolemma method for desalting brackish water and device of a kind of Driven by Solar Energy

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102574709A (en) * 2009-09-02 2012-07-11 (株)阿酷阿科技 Electrode separation type water softener
CN101928054A (en) * 2010-09-03 2010-12-29 上海港申化工有限公司 Production equipment for purified water
CN103502155A (en) * 2011-05-13 2014-01-08 松下电器产业株式会社 Regenerative water softening device
CN103502155B (en) * 2011-05-13 2015-12-23 松下知识产权经营株式会社 Regenerative softening device
CN103058425A (en) * 2011-10-21 2013-04-24 通用电气公司 Desalting system and method
CN103058425B (en) * 2011-10-21 2015-07-29 通用电气公司 desalination system and method
US10351446B2 (en) 2011-10-21 2019-07-16 Bl Technologies, Inc. Desalination system and method
CN104961204A (en) * 2015-05-15 2015-10-07 浙江沐源环境工程有限公司 Electrodialyzer common electrode plate
CN108083518A (en) * 2017-12-25 2018-05-29 天津中领水系统技术有限公司 The portable electrolemma method for desalting brackish water and device of a kind of Driven by Solar Energy

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C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
ASS Succession or assignment of patent right

Owner name: BEIJING CANPURE ENVIRONMENT PROTECTIONTECHNOLOGY C

Free format text: FORMER OWNER: MENG GUANGZHEN

Effective date: 20091106

C41 Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model
TR01 Transfer of patent right

Effective date of registration: 20091106

Address after: Ma Fang West Industrial Park of Beijing city Pinggu District No. 249, zip code: 101204

Patentee after: Canpure Equipment International, Ltd.

Address before: Beijing City, Chaoyang District Hebei sun Dian Huang Road No. 18, the Grant company, zip code: 100102

Patentee before: Meng Guangzhen

EE01 Entry into force of recordation of patent licensing contract

Assignee: Beijing Grant Membrane Separation Equipment Co., Ltd.

Assignor: Meng Guangzhen

Contract fulfillment period: 2009.6.25 to 2019.6.24

Contract record no.: 2009990000742

Denomination of utility model: Electric softening installation

Granted publication date: 20081112

License type: Exclusive license

Record date: 20090713

LIC Patent licence contract for exploitation submitted for record

Free format text: EXCLUSIVE LICENSE; TIME LIMIT OF IMPLEMENTING CONTACT: 2009.6.25 TO 2019.6.24; CHANGE OF CONTRACT

Name of requester: BEIJING GRANT MEMBRANE SEPARATION EQUIPMENT CO., L

Effective date: 20090713

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Owner name: BEIJING GRANT MEMBRANE SEPARATION EQUIPMENT CO., L

Free format text: FORMER OWNER: BEIJING CANPURE ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD

Effective date: 20100727

C41 Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model
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Free format text: CORRECT: ADDRESS; FROM: 101204 NO.249, WEST ZONE, MAFANG INDUSTRIAL PARK, PINGGU DISTRICT, BEIJING TO: 101312 BUILDING 2, YARD 12, TIANZHU WEST ROAD, KONGGANG AREA A, SHUNYI DISTRICT, BEIJING

TR01 Transfer of patent right

Effective date of registration: 20100727

Address after: 101312, No. 2, building 12, Tianzhu West Road, Shunyi District Airport A District, Beijing

Patentee after: Beijing Grant Membrane Separation Equipment Co., Ltd.

Address before: 101204 Beijing city Pinggu District Ma Industrial Park West No. 249

Patentee before: Canpure Equipment International, Ltd.

CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20081112

Termination date: 20160111