CN117948310B - Hydraulic system, hydraulic method and switching method of straw feed bundling machine - Google Patents
Hydraulic system, hydraulic method and switching method of straw feed bundling machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN117948310B CN117948310B CN202410341100.4A CN202410341100A CN117948310B CN 117948310 B CN117948310 B CN 117948310B CN 202410341100 A CN202410341100 A CN 202410341100A CN 117948310 B CN117948310 B CN 117948310B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 193
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
- F15B11/16—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors
- F15B11/17—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors using two or more pumps
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F15/00—Baling presses for straw, hay or the like
- A01F15/08—Details
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
- F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
- F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
- F15B13/027—Check valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B19/00—Testing; Calibrating; Fault detection or monitoring; Simulation or modelling of fluid-pressure systems or apparatus not otherwise provided for
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
- F15B21/04—Special measures taken in connection with the properties of the fluid
- F15B21/041—Removal or measurement of solid or liquid contamination, e.g. filtering
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
- F15B21/08—Servomotor systems incorporating electrically operated control means
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of bundling machines, and provides a hydraulic system, a hydraulic method and a switching method of a straw feed bundling machine, wherein the system comprises a main oil cylinder, a material pressing oil cylinder and a material pushing oil cylinder, and the working states of the oil cylinders are controlled to perform the processes of twice material pressing and once material pushing. According to the invention, the unidirectional sequence valve in the prior art is optimized to be the first pilot electromagnetic overflow valve, when the system pressure P is between P1 and 17 percent P1, high-power loss caused by incomplete opening of the unidirectional sequence valve is eliminated, the heat generated by oil liquid is reduced, and the oil temperature of hydraulic oil is reduced; in the hydraulic system, the pressure set by the pilot electromagnetic relief valve is the safety pressure, and in the whole working process, the three relief valves do not work, so that the energy loss of the hydraulic system is reduced, and the oil temperature of the whole hydraulic system is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of bundling machines, and particularly relates to a hydraulic system, a hydraulic method and a switching method of a straw feed bundling machine.
Background
In the field of agricultural machinery, the straw feed bundling machine is widely applied, as shown in fig. 1, forage falls into a pressing bin 22 from a storage bin, and a main oil cylinder 1 extends to the maximum stroke to complete first compression of the forage and lock the main oil cylinder 1; then, the pressing oil cylinder 2 extends out to the maximum stroke, the second compression of forage is completed, and the pressing oil cylinder 2 is locked; then, the pushing cylinder 3 extends to the maximum stroke to finish pushing out the compressed forage; finally, the main oil cylinder 1, the material pressing oil cylinder 2 and the material pushing oil cylinder 3 are simultaneously retracted to the initial positions. Thus, one cycle of operation is completed, namely, one bundling operation is completed. In the process of pushing out the compressed forage from the discharge hole 23, according to equipment configuration, a net winding device can be arranged at the position of the discharge hole 23 to perform net winding or bagging operation, so that the whole packing operation is completed.
As shown in fig. 2, a conventional baler system employs a main cylinder 1, a pressing cylinder 2 and a pushing cylinder 3. Each oil cylinder is connected with three corresponding electro-hydraulic reversing valves, and then the three electro-hydraulic reversing valves are connected to an oil tank through a one-way sequence valve, an overflow valve and the like, and are provided with a filter, a high-pressure pump, a low-pressure pump and the like.
However, in the whole operation process, the main oil cylinder 1 and the material pressing oil cylinder 2 have a time-delay pressure-maintaining process at the tail end of the extending stroke, and at the moment, power loss is generated, a large amount of heat is generated, so that the oil temperature of the whole hydraulic system is increased; the unidirectional sequence valve generally selects a pressure ratio of 17%, namely when the system pressure P is between P1 and 17% P1 (P1 is the set pressure of the unidirectional sequence valve in FIG. 2), the unidirectional sequence valve is not fully opened, high power loss exists, and a large amount of heat is generated; therefore:
1. when the existing hydraulic system of the straw feed bundling machine works normally, the hydraulic oil temperature is high, especially when working in summer, the hydraulic oil temperature exceeds 80 ℃ and cannot work, and the operation can be continued after stopping and cooling;
2. the whole machine has high driving power, the tractor with small horsepower can not drive the work, and the power loss is large.
In the prior art, the total driving power of the high-pressure pump and the low-pressure pump is relatively large, and the P2 (the set pressure of the electromagnetic overflow valve in fig. 2) pressure cannot be adjusted too high due to the limitation of the driving power, so that the density of the compressed forage cannot be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve at least one problem in the background art, the invention provides a hydraulic system, a hydraulic method and a switching method of a straw feed bundling machine.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a straw feed baler hydraulic system comprising:
The main oil cylinder is connected with a first electrohydraulic reversing valve;
An oil inlet of the first electro-hydraulic reversing valve is connected with a pipeline C, and one end of the pipeline C is connected with a pipeline K and a pipeline H respectively; the pipeline K is connected to the oil tank, and a medium-pressure pump is arranged on the pipeline K; the pipeline H is provided with a first pilot electromagnetic overflow valve and is connected to the pipeline F;
an oil return filter is arranged on the pipeline F, one end of the pipeline F is connected with an oil return port of the main oil cylinder, and the other end of the pipeline F is connected to an oil tank;
The material pressing oil cylinder is connected with a second electrohydraulic reversing valve; an oil inlet of the second electro-hydraulic reversing valve is connected with a pipeline C, and an oil outlet of the second electro-hydraulic reversing valve is connected with a pipeline F;
The material pushing oil cylinder is connected with a third electro-hydraulic reversing valve, an oil inlet of the third electro-hydraulic reversing valve is connected with a pipeline C, and an oil outlet of the third electro-hydraulic reversing valve is connected with a pipeline F;
The pipeline A is connected with oil inlets of the first electro-hydraulic reversing valve, the second electro-hydraulic reversing valve and the third electro-hydraulic reversing valve and is provided with a pressure sensor;
the pipeline B is connected with oil outlets of the first electro-hydraulic reversing valve, the second electro-hydraulic reversing valve and the third electro-hydraulic reversing valve;
the low-pressure pump is used for conveying hydraulic oil to the main oil cylinder, the material pressing oil cylinder and the material pushing oil cylinder;
the high-pressure pump is used for conveying hydraulic oil to the main oil cylinder, the material pressing oil cylinder and the material pushing oil cylinder.
Preferably, the pipeline C is provided with a first one-way valve for guiding hydraulic oil to the pipeline a.
Preferably, the pipeline K is further provided with a first oil suction filter, and the first oil suction filter is located between the medium-pressure pump and the oil tank.
Preferably, the pipeline A is connected with a pipeline D, and a second one-way valve is arranged on the pipeline D and used for guiding hydraulic oil to the pipeline A;
One end of the pipeline D is also connected with a pipeline L and a pipeline I, the pipeline L is connected with the oil tank, and the pipeline I is connected with a pipeline F.
Preferably, the pipeline L is provided with a low-pressure pump and a second oil suction filter, and the second oil suction filter is positioned between the low-pressure pump and the oil tank.
Preferably, a second pilot electromagnetic relief valve is mounted on the pipeline I.
Preferably, the pipeline A is also connected with a pipeline E, and a third one-way valve is arranged on the pipeline E and is used for guiding hydraulic oil to the pipeline A;
The one end that keeps away from pipeline A of pipeline E still is connected with pipeline G, pipeline J and pipeline M, pipeline G is connected to pipeline F, pipeline J is connected to pipeline F, pipeline M is connected to the oil tank.
Preferably, a direct-acting overflow valve is installed on the pipeline G, an electromagnetic directional valve is installed on the pipeline J, and a high-pressure pump is installed on the pipeline M and is connected to an oil tank.
A hydraulic method is used for the hydraulic system of the straw feed bundling machine, and comprises the following steps:
Hydraulic oil is conveyed to a rodless cavity of a main oil cylinder through a low-pressure pump, a medium-pressure pump and a high-pressure pump, so that a telescopic rod of the main oil cylinder moves to a maximum stroke and maintains pressure for time delay, and the first compression of forage is completed;
After the telescopic rod of the main oil cylinder moves to the maximum stroke, hydraulic oil is conveyed to a rodless cavity of the pressing oil cylinder through a low-pressure pump, a medium-pressure pump and a high-pressure pump, so that the telescopic rod of the pressing oil cylinder moves to the maximum stroke and maintains pressure for a time delay, and the second compression of forage is completed;
After the telescopic rod of the material pushing oil cylinder moves to the maximum stroke, hydraulic oil is conveyed to a rodless cavity of the material pushing oil cylinder through a low-pressure pump, a medium-pressure pump and a high-pressure pump, so that the telescopic rod of the material pushing oil cylinder moves to the maximum stroke and maintains pressure for delay, and forage is pushed out;
After the forage is pushed out, the telescopic rods of the main oil cylinder and the pressing oil cylinder are controlled to reset, and then the telescopic rods of the pushing oil cylinder are controlled to reset.
A switching method is used for the hydraulic system of the straw feed bundling machine, and comprises the following steps:
Detecting the working pressure of the pipeline A through a pressure sensor in the extending process and the pressure maintaining time delay process of the telescopic rods of the main oil cylinder and the material pressing oil cylinder;
selecting operating conditions of the medium, low and high pressure pumps based on the operating pressure of line a, comprising:
The high-pressure pump outputs hydraulic oil to enter the first electro-hydraulic reversing valve and the second electro-hydraulic reversing valve;
The medium-pressure pump and the high-pressure pump output hydraulic oil to be converged into a first electro-hydraulic reversing valve and a second electro-hydraulic reversing valve;
And hydraulic oil output by the medium-pressure pump, the high-pressure pump and the low-pressure pump is converged into the first electro-hydraulic reversing valve and the second electro-hydraulic reversing valve.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. According to the invention, the unidirectional sequence valve in the prior art is optimized to be the first pilot electromagnetic overflow valve, when the system pressure P is between P1 and 17 percent P1, high-power loss caused by incomplete opening of the unidirectional sequence valve is eliminated, the heat generated by oil liquid is reduced, and the oil temperature of hydraulic oil is reduced;
2. In the hydraulic system, the pressure set by the pilot electromagnetic relief valve is the safety pressure, and in the whole working process, the three relief valves do not work, so that the energy loss of the hydraulic system is reduced, and the oil temperature of the whole hydraulic system is reduced;
3. Compared with the prior art, under the same driving power, the highest compression pressure of the forage can be increased to the upper limit due to the small flow rate (generally 6-10 mL/r) of the high-pressure pump, so that the density of the compressed forage is increased;
4. Compared with the prior art, the set pressure of the medium-pressure pump 7 is smaller than the set pressure of the high-pressure pump in the prior art, so that the maximum driving power is smaller than the existing driving power, and the tractor is more suitable for being used by a small tractor;
5. According to the hydraulic pump, the low-pressure pump, the medium-pressure pump and the high-pressure pump are combined, when hydraulic oil is conveyed to the cylinder body, one, two or three of the three pump bodies can be selected to work according to the working pressure of the oil inlet, so that the pump bodies and pipelines are protected, and the service life is prolonged.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structure of a straw feed baler in the background art;
FIG. 2 shows a hydraulic system of a straw feed baler of the background art;
FIG. 3 shows a hydraulic system of a straw feed baler of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows a port map of an electro-hydraulic reversing valve of the present invention;
fig. 5 shows an operating state diagram of the electrohydraulic reversing valve of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a master cylinder; 2. a material pressing oil cylinder; 3. pushing oil cylinder; 4. a first electro-hydraulic reversing valve; 5. a second electro-hydraulic reversing valve; 6. a third electro-hydraulic reversing valve; 7. a medium pressure pump; 8. a low pressure pump; 9. a first oil absorption filter; 10. an oil return filter; 11. a high pressure pump; 12. an electromagnetic reversing valve; 13. a direct-acting overflow valve; 14. a first pilot electromagnetic spill valve; 15. a second pilot electromagnetic spill valve; 16. a second oil absorption filter; 17. a pressure sensor; 18. a first one-way valve; 19. a second one-way valve; 20. a third one-way valve; 21. an oil tank; 22. pressing a bin; 23. and a discharge port.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
A hydraulic system of a straw feed bundling machine, as shown in figure 3, comprises a main oil cylinder 1, a pressing oil cylinder 2, a pushing oil cylinder 3, a pipeline A and a pipeline B. Wherein the main oil cylinder 1 is connected with a first electrohydraulic reversing valve 4; an oil inlet of the first electro-hydraulic reversing valve 4 is connected with a pipeline C, an oil outlet is connected to a pipeline F, and one end of the pipeline C is connected with a pipeline K and a pipeline H respectively; the pipeline K is connected to the oil tank 21, and a medium-pressure pump 7 is arranged on the pipeline K; the first pilot electromagnetic spill valve 14 is provided on the pipe H, and the pipe H is connected to the pipe F. One end of the pipeline F is connected with an oil return port of the main oil cylinder 1, the other end of the pipeline F is connected to the oil tank 21, and an oil return filter 10 is arranged on the pipeline F.
The first check valve 18 is installed on the pipeline C, and the first check valve 18 is used for guiding hydraulic oil to the pipeline a. The pipeline K is also provided with a first oil suction filter 9, and the first oil suction filter 9 is positioned between the medium pressure pump 7 and the oil tank 21.
Further, the material pressing oil cylinder 2 is connected with a second electrohydraulic reversing valve 5; the oil inlet of the second electrohydraulic reversing valve 5 is connected with a pipeline C, and the oil outlet is connected with a pipeline F. The pushing oil cylinder 3 is connected with a third electro-hydraulic reversing valve 6, an oil inlet of the third electro-hydraulic reversing valve 6 is connected with a pipeline C, and an oil outlet of the third electro-hydraulic reversing valve is connected with a pipeline F.
Further, the pipeline A is an oil inlet pipeline which is connected with oil inlets of the first electro-hydraulic reversing valve 4, the second electro-hydraulic reversing valve 5 and the third electro-hydraulic reversing valve 6, and is also provided with a pressure sensor 17, and the pressure of the oil inlets of the electro-hydraulic reversing valves can be detected in real time through the pressure sensor 17. Similarly, the pipeline B is connected with oil outlets of the first electro-hydraulic reversing valve 4, the second electro-hydraulic reversing valve 5 and the third electro-hydraulic reversing valve 6, so that the three electro-hydraulic reversing valves are connected to the pipeline F through the pipeline B.
Further, the pipeline A is connected with a pipeline D, and a second one-way valve 19 is arranged on the pipeline D, and the second one-way valve 19 is used for guiding hydraulic oil to the pipeline A. One end of the pipeline D is also connected with a pipeline L and a pipeline I, the pipeline L is connected with the oil tank 21, and the pipeline I is connected with a pipeline F. The low-pressure pump 8 and the second oil suction filter 16 are installed on the pipeline L, and the second oil suction filter 16 is positioned between the low-pressure pump 8 and the oil tank 21. A second pilot electromagnetic relief valve 15 is mounted on the line I.
Further, the pipeline A is also connected with a pipeline E, and a third one-way valve 20 is arranged on the pipeline E, and the third one-way valve 20 is used for guiding hydraulic oil to the pipeline A; the end of the pipe E away from the pipe a is also connected with a pipe G, a pipe J and a pipe M, the pipe G being connected to a pipe F, the pipe J being connected to a pipe F, the pipe M being connected to the tank 21. In addition, a direct-acting relief valve 13 (internal control type) is installed on the pipe G, an electromagnetic directional valve 12 is installed on the pipe J, a high-pressure pump 11 is installed on the pipe M, and the high-pressure pump 11 is connected to an oil tank 21.
In fig. 3, the medium-pressure pump 7, the low-pressure pump 8 and the high-pressure pump 11 can pump hydraulic oil out of the oil tank 21, then reach the pipeline a, then enter the first electro-hydraulic directional valve 4, the second electro-hydraulic directional valve 5 and the third electro-hydraulic directional valve 6, and finally be delivered to the master cylinder 1, the pressing cylinder 2 and the pushing cylinder 3. For example, the hydraulic oil of the medium pressure pump 7 may reach the line a through the lines K, C; the hydraulic oil conveying route of the low-pressure pump 8 is provided with a pipeline L, a pipeline D and a pipeline A; the hydraulic oil delivery route of the high-pressure pump 11 is provided with a pipeline M, a pipeline E and a pipeline A. The working pressures of the three are a high-pressure pump 11, a medium-pressure pump 7 and a low-pressure pump 8 in sequence from large to small. In addition, in fig. 3, the oil inlets of the first electro-hydraulic directional valve 4, the second electro-hydraulic directional valve 5 and the third electro-hydraulic directional valve 6 are connected to the pipeline a first, and then connected to the pipeline C through the pipeline a. Similarly, the oil outlets of the first electro-hydraulic reversing valve 4, the second electro-hydraulic reversing valve 5 and the third electro-hydraulic reversing valve 6 are firstly connected to the pipeline B and then connected to the pipeline F through the pipeline B, so that the first electro-hydraulic reversing valve 4, the second electro-hydraulic reversing valve 5 and the third electro-hydraulic reversing valve 6 can be installed in an indirect connection mode with the pipeline C.
As shown in FIG. 4, the three electrohydraulic reversing valves of the invention are three-position four-way valves, wherein the port P is an oil inlet, the port O is an oil return port, and the port A and the port B are oil through ports. In addition, as can be seen from fig. 1, in the three electrohydraulic reversing valves, the port a is communicated with the rodless cavity of the cylinder body, and the port B is communicated with the rod cavity of the cylinder body.
A hydraulic method is used for the hydraulic system of the straw feed bundling machine, and comprises the following steps:
S1: hydraulic oil is conveyed to a rodless cavity of the main oil cylinder 1 through the low-pressure pump 8, the medium-pressure pump 7 and the high-pressure pump 11, so that a telescopic rod of the main oil cylinder 1 moves to a maximum stroke and maintains pressure for time delay, and the first compression of forage is completed; s2: after the telescopic rod of the main oil cylinder 1 moves to the maximum stroke, hydraulic oil is conveyed to a rodless cavity of the pressing oil cylinder 2 through the low-pressure pump 8, the medium-pressure pump 7 and the high-pressure pump 11, so that the telescopic rod of the pressing oil cylinder 2 moves to the maximum stroke and maintains pressure for time delay, and the second compression of forage is completed; s3: after the telescopic rod of the material pressing oil cylinder 2 moves to the maximum stroke, hydraulic oil is conveyed to a rodless cavity of the material pushing oil cylinder 3 through the low-pressure pump 8, the medium-pressure pump 7 and the high-pressure pump 11, so that the telescopic rod of the material pushing oil cylinder 3 moves to the maximum stroke and maintains pressure for delay, and forage is pushed out; s4: after the forage is pushed out, the telescopic rods of the main oil cylinder 1 and the pressing oil cylinder 2 are controlled to reset, and then the telescopic rods of the pushing oil cylinder 3 are controlled to reset.
A switching method is used for the hydraulic system of the straw feed bundling machine, and comprises the following steps:
The working pressure of the pipeline A is detected by the pressure sensor 17 in the extending process and the pressure maintaining and time delaying process of the telescopic rods of the main oil cylinder 1 and the material pressing oil cylinder 2;
Selecting the operating states of the medium pressure pump 7, the low pressure pump 8, and the high pressure pump 11 based on the operating pressure of the line a, includes: the high-pressure pump 11 outputs hydraulic oil to enter the first electro-hydraulic reversing valve 4 and the second electro-hydraulic reversing valve 5; the medium-pressure pump 7 and the high-pressure pump 11 output hydraulic oil to be converged into the first electro-hydraulic reversing valve 4 and the second electro-hydraulic reversing valve 5; the middle pressure pump 7, the high pressure pump 11 and the low pressure pump 8 output hydraulic oil to be converged into the first electro-hydraulic reversing valve 4 and the second electro-hydraulic reversing valve 5.
In fig. 3, the first electro-hydraulic directional valve 4, the second electro-hydraulic directional valve 5 and the third electro-hydraulic directional valve 6 all adopt electromagnetic conduction, and the electromagnetic directional valve 12, the first pilot electromagnetic relief valve 14 and the second pilot electromagnetic relief valve 15 all adopt electromagnetic control, so that DT1 to DT9 in fig. 3 can obtain electricity or lose electricity, thereby controlling the working state of the valve, and the detailed working process of the present invention is described below with reference to the system, the hydraulic method and the switching method described above in fig. 3.
The hydraulic method comprises the following specific processes:
1) When automatic bundling operation is started, feeding is started to the pressing bin 22, when a weighing sensor detects a bag reset fixed value, electromagnets DT1, DT2, DT3 and DT5 are powered on, at the moment, a pipeline H, I, J is disconnected, the first electro-hydraulic reversing valve 4 moves left to a position corresponding to (a) in fig. 5, output flows of the middle-pressure pump 7, the low-pressure pump 8 and the high-pressure pump 11 are converged and reach a pipeline A, then the mixed flow enters a rodless cavity of the main oil cylinder 1 through the first electro-hydraulic reversing valve 4, the main oil cylinder 1 is pushed to stretch out, meanwhile, oil in the rod cavity of the main oil cylinder 1 returns to an oil tank 21 through an oil return filter 10 of the first electro-hydraulic reversing valve 4, a pipeline B and a pipeline F, the main oil cylinder 1 is stretched out, and first compression of forage is completed.
2) When the main oil cylinder 1 reaches the maximum stroke, the main oil cylinder 1 maintains pressure on a pressure value set by a program for delay T1 seconds; meanwhile, when the working pressure reaches a set pressure value, DT5 is powered off, meanwhile DT1, DT2, DT3 and DT7 are powered on, at the moment, the pipeline H, I, J is disconnected, the output flow of the middle pressure pump 7, the low pressure pump 8 and the high pressure pump 11 are converged after the second electrohydraulic reversing valve 5 moves left, the hydraulic fluid enters a rodless cavity of the pressing cylinder 2 through the second electrohydraulic reversing valve 5 to push the pressing cylinder 2 to stretch out, and meanwhile, oil in the rod cavity of the pressing cylinder 2 returns to the oil tank 21 through the second electrohydraulic reversing valve 5, the oil return filter 10 of the pipeline B and the pipeline F to realize stretching out of the pressing cylinder 2, so that the second compression of forage is completed.
3) When the material pressing oil cylinder 2 reaches the maximum stroke, the material pressing oil cylinder 2 maintains pressure on a program set pressure value for delay T2 seconds; meanwhile, when the working pressure reaches a set pressure value, DT7 is powered off, meanwhile DT1, DT2, DT3 and DT9 are powered on, at the moment, the pipeline H, I, J is disconnected, the output flow of the middle pressure pump 7, the low pressure pump 8 and the high pressure pump 11 are converged after moving left and moving left, the mixed flow enters a rodless cavity of the pushing cylinder 3 through the third electro-hydraulic reversing valve 6, the pushing cylinder 3 stretches out, and meanwhile, oil in the rod cavity of the pushing cylinder 3 returns to the oil tank 21 through an oil return port of the third electro-hydraulic reversing valve 6, an oil return filter 10 of the pipeline B and an oil return filter 10 of the pipeline F, so that the pushing cylinder 3 stretches out, and forage pushing is completed.
4) When the pushing oil cylinder 3 reaches the maximum stroke, after pressure maintaining is delayed for T3 seconds, DT9 is powered off, meanwhile, DT1, DT2, DT3, DT6 and DT8 are powered on, at the moment, a pipeline H, I, J is disconnected, the second electrohydraulic reversing valve 5 and the third electrohydraulic reversing valve 6 move right, and the pressing oil cylinder 2 and the pushing oil cylinder 3 retract; after the time delay T4 seconds, the DT6 and DT8 are powered off, meanwhile, the DT1, DT2, DT3 and DT4 are powered on, at the moment, the pipeline H, I, J is disconnected, the first electrohydraulic reversing valve 4 is positioned at the position corresponding to b in FIG. 5, and the master cylinder 1 is retracted to the initial position; one cycle of work is completed.
The set pressure in the hydraulic flows (1) - (4) can be adjusted according to actual conditions, for example, a pressure value P2 in the background technology is adopted.
The specific flow of the switching method will be described below, and it should be noted that, first, the set pressure of the second pilot electromagnetic relief valve 15 is P3, the unloading pressure is P31, p3= (1.1 to 1.3) P31, and p31=p1, P1 is the set pressure of the unidirectional sequence valve in fig. 2. The set pressure of the first pilot electromagnetic relief valve 14 is P4, the unload pressure is P41, and p4= (1.1 to 1.3) P41. The set pressure of the direct-acting relief valve 13 is P5, the unloading pressure of the electromagnetic directional valve 12 is p21, p21=p2, and P2 is the set pressure of the electromagnetic relief valve in fig. 2, and P5> P4> P3. The specific switching procedure is thus as follows:
1) In the extending process and the time delay process of the main oil cylinder 1 and the material pressing oil cylinder 2, when the pressure sensor 17 detects that the working pressure P is more than P31, the DT1 is powered off, the second pilot electromagnetic relief valve 15 is unloaded, the unloading of the low-pressure pump 8 is realized, and only the middle-pressure pump 7 and the high-pressure pump 11 are converged to enter the first electro-hydraulic reversing valve 4 at the moment; when the pressure sensor 17 detects that the working pressure P is smaller than P31, DT1 is powered on, and the second pilot electromagnetic relief valve 15 is closed, so that the output flow of the medium pressure pump 7, the high pressure pump 11 and the low pressure pump 8 are converged and enter the first electro-hydraulic reversing valve 4 and the second electro-hydraulic reversing valve 5.
2) In the extending process and the time delay process of the main oil cylinder 1 and the material pressing oil cylinder 2, when the pressure sensor 17 detects that the working pressure P is more than P41, the DT1 and DT2 are powered off, the first pilot electromagnetic relief valve 14 and the second pilot electromagnetic relief valve 15 are unloaded, the unloading of the middle pressure pump 7 and the low pressure pump 8 is realized, and only the high pressure pump 11 enters the first electro-hydraulic reversing valve 4 at the moment; when the pressure sensor 17 detects that the working pressure P is P31 < P41, DT1 is powered off, DT2 is powered on, the second pilot electromagnetic relief valve 15 is unloaded, the first pilot electromagnetic relief valve 14 is conducted, and output flow confluence of the middle pressure pump 7 and the high pressure pump 11 is achieved and the output flow confluence of the middle pressure pump and the high pressure pump 11 is achieved to enter the first electro-hydraulic reversing valve 4 and the second electro-hydraulic reversing valve 5.
3) In the extending process and the time delay process of the main oil cylinder 1 and the material pressing oil cylinder 2, when the pressure sensor 17 detects that the working pressure P is more than P21, the DT1, DT2 and DT3 are all powered off, all electromagnets are powered off, the first pilot electromagnetic relief valve 14, the second pilot electromagnetic relief valve 15 and the electromagnetic reversing valve 12 are unloaded, the unloading of the low-pressure pump 8, the medium-pressure pump 7 and the high-pressure pump 11 is realized, and the oil cylinder stops at the moment.
4) When the pressure sensor 17 detects that the working pressure P41 is smaller than P and smaller than or equal to P21, the DT1 and DT2 are powered off, the DT3 is powered on, the first pilot electromagnetic relief valve 14 and the second pilot electromagnetic relief valve 15 are all unloaded, the output flow of the high-pressure pump 11 is converged and enters the first electro-hydraulic reversing valve 4 and the second electro-hydraulic reversing valve 5, at the moment, the hydraulic system is in the time delay T1 and T2 stages, the energy loss is reduced while the pressure maintaining pressure value P21 is ensured, and the oil temperature of the whole machine is reduced.
Although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A hydraulic system for a straw feed baler, comprising:
the main oil cylinder (1) is connected with a first electrohydraulic reversing valve (4);
An oil inlet of the first electro-hydraulic reversing valve (4) is connected with a pipeline C, and one end of the pipeline C is connected with a pipeline K and a pipeline H respectively; the pipeline K is connected to the oil tank (21), and a medium-pressure pump (7) is arranged on the pipeline K; the pipeline H is provided with a first pilot electromagnetic relief valve (14), and is connected to the pipeline F;
An oil return filter (10) is arranged on the pipeline F, one end of the pipeline F is connected with an oil return port of the main oil cylinder (1), and the other end of the pipeline F is connected to an oil tank (21);
The material pressing oil cylinder (2) is connected with a second electrohydraulic reversing valve (5); an oil inlet of the second electro-hydraulic reversing valve (5) is connected with a pipeline C, and an oil outlet is connected with a pipeline F;
The pushing oil cylinder (3) is connected with a third electro-hydraulic reversing valve (6), an oil inlet of the third electro-hydraulic reversing valve (6) is connected with a pipeline C, and an oil outlet of the third electro-hydraulic reversing valve is connected with a pipeline F;
the pipeline A is connected with oil inlets of the first electro-hydraulic reversing valve (4), the second electro-hydraulic reversing valve (5) and the third electro-hydraulic reversing valve (6), and is provided with a pressure sensor (17);
The pipeline B is connected with oil outlets of the first electro-hydraulic reversing valve (4), the second electro-hydraulic reversing valve (5) and the third electro-hydraulic reversing valve (6);
the low-pressure pump (8) is used for conveying hydraulic oil to the main oil cylinder (1), the material pressing oil cylinder (2) and the material pushing oil cylinder (3);
the high-pressure pump (11) is used for conveying hydraulic oil to the main oil cylinder (1), the material pressing oil cylinder (2) and the material pushing oil cylinder (3).
2. A hydraulic system of a straw feed baler according to claim 1, characterized in that the pipeline C is provided with a first non-return valve (18), the first non-return valve (18) being adapted to direct hydraulic oil to the pipeline a.
3. The hydraulic system of the straw feed baler according to claim 1, characterized in that the pipeline K is further provided with a first oil suction filter (9), and the first oil suction filter (9) is located between the medium pressure pump (7) and the oil tank (21).
4. The hydraulic system of the straw feed baler according to claim 1, characterized in that the pipeline a is connected with a pipeline D, a second one-way valve (19) is arranged on the pipeline D, and the second one-way valve (19) is used for guiding hydraulic oil to the pipeline a;
one end of the pipeline D is also connected with a pipeline L and a pipeline I, the pipeline L is connected with an oil tank (21), and the pipeline I is connected with a pipeline F.
5. A hydraulic system of a straw feed baler according to claim 4, characterized in that the pipeline L is provided with a low pressure pump (8) and a second oil suction filter (16), the second oil suction filter (16) being located between the low pressure pump (8) and the oil tank (21).
6. A hydraulic system of a straw feed baler according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the conduit I is provided with a second pilot electromagnetic spill valve (15).
7. The hydraulic system of the straw feed baler according to claim 1, characterized in that the pipeline a is further connected with a pipeline E, a third one-way valve (20) is installed on the pipeline E, and the third one-way valve (20) is used for guiding hydraulic oil to the pipeline a;
The end of the pipeline E far away from the pipeline A is also connected with a pipeline G, a pipeline J and a pipeline M, wherein the pipeline G is connected to a pipeline F, the pipeline J is connected to the pipeline F, and the pipeline M is connected to an oil tank (21).
8. A hydraulic system of a straw feed baler according to claim 7, characterized in that the pipeline G is provided with a direct-acting overflow valve (13), the pipeline J is provided with an electromagnetic directional valve (12), the pipeline M is provided with a high-pressure pump (11), and the high-pressure pump (11) is connected to an oil tank (21).
9. A hydraulic method for a hydraulic system of a straw feed baler as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
Hydraulic oil is conveyed to a rodless cavity of a main oil cylinder (1) through a low-pressure pump (8), a medium-pressure pump (7) and a high-pressure pump (11), so that a telescopic rod of the main oil cylinder (1) moves to a maximum stroke and maintains pressure for time delay, and the first compression of forage is completed;
after the telescopic rod of the main oil cylinder (1) moves to the maximum stroke, hydraulic oil is conveyed to a rodless cavity of the material pressing oil cylinder (2) through the low-pressure pump (8), the medium-pressure pump (7) and the high-pressure pump (11), so that the telescopic rod of the material pressing oil cylinder (2) moves to the maximum stroke and maintains pressure for a time, and the second compression of forage is completed;
after the telescopic rod of the material pushing oil cylinder (2) moves to the maximum stroke, hydraulic oil is conveyed to a rodless cavity of the material pushing oil cylinder (3) through a low-pressure pump (8), a medium-pressure pump (7) and a high-pressure pump (11), so that the telescopic rod of the material pushing oil cylinder (3) moves to the maximum stroke and maintains pressure for delay, and forage is pushed out;
After the forage is pushed out, the telescopic rods of the main oil cylinder (1) and the pressing oil cylinder (2) are controlled to reset, and then the telescopic rods of the pushing oil cylinder (3) are controlled to reset.
10. A switching method for a hydraulic system of a straw feed baler according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
during the extending process and the pressure maintaining time delay process of the telescopic rods of the main oil cylinder (1) and the material pressing oil cylinder (2), the working pressure of the pipeline A is detected by the pressure sensor (17);
Selecting the operating states of the medium pressure pump (7), the low pressure pump (8) and the high pressure pump (11) based on the operating pressure of the pipeline A, comprising:
the high-pressure pump (11) outputs hydraulic oil to enter the first electro-hydraulic reversing valve (4) and the second electro-hydraulic reversing valve (5);
The hydraulic oil output by the medium-pressure pump (7) and the high-pressure pump (11) is converged into a first electro-hydraulic reversing valve (4) and a second electro-hydraulic reversing valve (5);
the middle pressure pump (7), the high pressure pump (11) and the low pressure pump (8) output hydraulic oil to be converged into the first electro-hydraulic reversing valve (4) and the second electro-hydraulic reversing valve (5).
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