CN117948151B - Safe and efficient excavation method for excavating multiple tunnels by taking vertical shaft as starting point - Google Patents
Safe and efficient excavation method for excavating multiple tunnels by taking vertical shaft as starting point Download PDFInfo
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- CN117948151B CN117948151B CN202410355486.4A CN202410355486A CN117948151B CN 117948151 B CN117948151 B CN 117948151B CN 202410355486 A CN202410355486 A CN 202410355486A CN 117948151 B CN117948151 B CN 117948151B
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- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
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- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 241001023788 Cyttus traversi Species 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007723 die pressing method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 3
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel tunneling methods, and discloses a safe and efficient tunneling method for tunneling a plurality of tunnels by taking a vertical shaft as a starting point. So as to ensure safety when a plurality of tunnels extending in different directions are excavated by taking the same height of the vertical shaft as a starting point; meanwhile, as a plurality of tunnels are synchronously excavated and the soil is conveniently discharged, the excavation efficiency is higher. After the tunnel is excavated, the grids in the middle of the cage-shaped structure are filled up to form a complete two-lining structure, so that no leakage is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel tunneling methods, in particular to a safe and efficient excavation method for excavating a plurality of tunnels by taking a vertical shaft as a starting point.
Background
First, name interpretation is performed:
primary liner/primary liner: namely, the primary lining of various underground caverns comprises annular arches and steel mesh sheets arranged among the arches, and concrete sprayed on the steel mesh sheets is abutted against a stratum;
And (2) a second lining: namely, secondary lining of various underground caverns is a reinforced concrete cylinder poured by a formwork and is attached to the primary lining; the primary lining is enough to resist the formation pressure, the secondary lining is further reinforced and waterproof is ensured, and the secondary lining does not allow holes to be drilled because the secondary lining needs to be complete to ensure the waterproof, so that the construction is very late;
horse head door: the tunnel gate as the starting point of the undercut tunnel is arranged on the primary lining of the vertical shaft or the transverse passage.
The urban underground structure in the subway station needs to excavate a large number of underground tunnels, and the common underground excavation method is to firstly make a vertical shaft to reach a construction stratum, then excavate a horizontal passage from the vertical shaft horizontally to serve as a passage for underground earth transportation and other construction materials, and finally excavate various needed tunnels from the horizontal passage to the left and right sides in a manner of being perpendicular to the horizontal passage by taking the horizontal passage as a starting point.
The tunnel is not directly excavated from the vertical shaft, but a transverse passage is firstly excavated and then the tunnel is excavated, so that the tunnel is required, the transverse passage is necessary for a plurality of tunnels, the tunnel is used for connecting the tunnels into a whole and is also used as a passage for carrying earth underground and other construction materials, the vertical shaft is not suitable for being used as a starting point of the tunnels, the primary lining cross section of the vertical shaft is small, a horsehead door is opened to cause great damage to the lining of the vertical shaft, a plurality of horsehead doors are required to be opened on the vertical shaft for constructing the tunnels, and if the horsehead doors are positioned at the same height, the primary lining at the position of the vertical shaft is completely weak against the extrusion of stratum, so that the vertical shaft is directly collapsed. If the transverse passage is used, the tunnels can be staggered by a little to avoid collapse caused by intensively arranging a large number of horse head doors on the primary lining of the transverse passage.
Some tunnels start from a shaft and are useful for their performance, a typical example being a tunnel in a subway, which communicates with the ground through the shaft so that passengers located below the ground can breathe air on the ground. According to the principle of fluid mechanics, if the air duct is excavated by taking the transverse channel as a starting point, the air duct is equivalent to that a bend and a section of pipeline are added on the pipeline, and for no reason has no reason that a lot of flow resistance is added, so that the energy consumption is increased. At the same time, after staggering, the inlet areas of the air channels are not overlapped any more, so that the problem of air channel 'robbing' close to the vertical shaft is caused (when overlapping, air suction of one air channel has a promotion effect on air suction of other air channels, and when not overlapping, the air suction of the other air channels is opposite). If there is only one tunnel, the tunnels can be excavated directly from the shaft, if there is a plurality of tunnels, the prior art tends to avoid excavating a plurality of tunnels from the same height of the shaft to different directions in consideration of safety, further tends to stagger the inlets of the tunnels up and down (the cost is "rushing air" and only suitable for tunnels with different burial depths), or excavates more shafts (the cost is high).
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a safe and efficient excavation method for excavating a plurality of tunnels by taking a vertical shaft as a starting point.
The technical problems to be solved are as follows: some tunnels start from a shaft and are helpful to their performance, but it is not safe to excavate multiple tunnels from the same height of the shaft to different directions.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the safe and efficient excavation method for excavating a plurality of tunnels by taking a vertical shaft as a starting point, wherein the vertical shaft is provided with transverse channels which are excavated before the tunnels to be excavated are excavated, and each tunnel to be excavated extends to different directions at the same height of the vertical shaft, and the excavation method comprises the following steps:
step one: after the primary lining of the vertical shaft is constructed, dividing a secondary lining of the vertical shaft which is not constructed into two parts, wherein one part is constructed before a horse head door of a tunnel to be excavated is opened and marked as an advance lining, and the other part is constructed at the secondary lining of the tunnel to be excavated and marked as a residual lining;
The advance liner needs to meet the following conditions:
condition 1: the overturning can not occur without the aid of an additional supporting member;
condition 2: under the condition that all tunnels to be excavated are simultaneously opened, the collapse of the residual primary liner of the vertical shaft can be avoided;
Condition 3: the two ends of the tunnel to be excavated are respectively provided with a connecting rod;
condition 4: an interface combined with the residual liner can be reserved, and the interface is not interfered with a construction route of the residual liner;
Step two: a construction advance lining is constructed;
Step three: synchronously opening horse head doors of each tunnel to be excavated on the primary lining of the vertical shaft and excavating;
step four: after the construction of the two liners of the tunnel to be excavated is completed, the residual liner is constructed, so that the residual liner, the advanced liner and the two liners of the tunnel to be excavated are connected into a whole.
Further, the advance lining is a cage-shaped structure formed by combining and fixedly connecting a plurality of horizontal ring beams arranged at intervals along the vertical direction and a plurality of hidden columns arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the vertical shaft, the horizontal ring beams are marked as the advance construction ring beams, and the hidden columns are marked as the advance construction hidden columns.
Further, the tunnel to be excavated is a tunnel which is excavated by adopting a multi-pilot tunnel method, the pre-construction ring beam is arranged at the inverted arch position between the upper pilot tunnel layer and the lower pilot tunnel layer, and pre-construction hidden columns are arranged at the left side and the right side of each tunnel to be excavated.
Further, the second lining of the vertical shaft is a reinforced concrete lining and comprises a vertical main rib and a horizontal main rib which winds the vertical shaft along the horizontal direction for one circle, and the pre-construction ring beam and the pre-construction hidden column are reinforced concrete strips which comprise reinforcement cages extending along the length direction of the pre-construction ring beam and the pre-construction hidden column;
The steel bars in the pre-construction ring beam comprise original horizontal main bars in the second lining of the vertical shaft, sections of the original vertical main bars in the second lining of the vertical shaft in the pre-construction ring beam, and new hooping bars hooped on the horizontal main bars and used for forming a steel bar cage together with the horizontal main bars; the segments of the vertical main reinforcements in the pre-construction ring beam are bound on the reinforcement cage and are thrown outside the pre-construction ring beam, and the vertical main reinforcements and the corresponding vertical main reinforcements in the residual liners are connected into a whole through the sleeve during the construction of the residual liners;
The steel bars in the pre-construction hidden column comprise original vertical main bars in the second lining of the vertical shaft, sections of the original horizontal main bars in the second lining of the vertical shaft in the pre-construction hidden column, and new hooping bars hooped on the vertical main bars and used for forming a steel bar cage together with the vertical main bars; the horizontal main bars are positioned in the pre-construction hidden column, are bound on the reinforcement cage in a segmented mode, are thrown out of the pre-construction hidden column, and are connected with the corresponding horizontal main bars in the residual liner into a whole through the sleeve when the residual liner is constructed.
Further, the upper surface and the lower surface of the construction ring beam in advance and the side elevation of the construction hidden column perpendicular to the adjacent shaft wall are rough surfaces, the rough surfaces are rough surfaces formed by chiseling, punching or die pressing, and the rough surfaces and the throwing ribs jointly form an interface connected with the residual lining.
Further, the construction ring beam in advance and the construction hidden column in advance are poured synchronously to form a whole, the construction ring beam in advance and the reinforcement cage of the construction hidden column in advance cross each other to pass through each other, the template of the construction ring beam in advance comprises a bottom die and side dies arranged on side vertical faces of the construction ring beam in advance far away from a shaft wall, the template of the construction hidden column in advance comprises three side dies respectively arranged on three side vertical faces of the construction hidden column in advance, and the construction ring beam in advance and the construction hidden column in advance are supported by a full steel pipe frame.
Furthermore, the lower end of the pre-construction hidden column is connected with the bottom sealing of the vertical shaft into a whole, and a ring beam is arranged at intervals of two layers of pilot holes upwards from the bottom sealing of the vertical shaft.
Furthermore, the cross section of the vertical shaft is rectangular, the side walls of the four side walls of the primary lining of the vertical shaft do not need to be marked as interference-free walls for the opening of the main door of the tunnel to be excavated, and the advance lining further comprises an advance construction side wall on the interference-free walls.
Further, the vertical shaft is provided with a transverse channel which is excavated before the tunnel to be excavated is excavated, the tunnels to be excavated and the transverse channel extend to different directions at the same height of the vertical shaft respectively, and in the first step, the first lining of the vertical shaft and the transverse channel are divided into the second lining of the vertical shaft after the construction is completed.
Compared with the prior art, the safe and efficient excavation method for excavating a plurality of tunnels by taking the vertical shaft as the starting point has the following beneficial effects:
In the invention, a part of the two liners of the vertical shaft is constructed before the opening of the horsehead door of the tunnel to be excavated in advance, and the two liners which are constructed in advance are made into a cage-shaped structure consisting of the beam and the column, so that the primary liner of the vertical shaft can be supported while the horsehead door is not blocked, and the primary liner is ensured not to collapse in the process of opening the horsehead door. So as to ensure safety when a plurality of tunnels extending in different directions are excavated by taking the same height of the vertical shaft as a starting point; meanwhile, as a plurality of tunnels are synchronously excavated and the soil is conveniently discharged, the excavation efficiency is higher. After the tunnel is excavated, the grids in the middle of the cage-shaped structure can be filled to form a complete two-lining structure, so that no leakage is generated (the method of filling the grids surrounded by the beams and the columns with walls has proved the reliability in countless construction cases, and the complete and leakless integrated structure with good stress can be formed, and is typically a frame structure building);
Compared with the prior art, the invention only needs to adjust a part of construction steps, does not need to construct any additional structure, and consumes only a few stirrups more materials compared with the conventional method. Can be conveniently popularized to all construction occasions with similar requirements.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a construction site in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of section AA in FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a cross section of a reinforcement cage for pre-constructing a ring beam;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a cross section of a reinforcement cage for pre-construction of a hidden post;
In the figure, 1-vertical shaft, 2-transverse channel, 3-tunnel to be excavated, 41-construction of ring beam in advance, 42-construction of hidden column in advance, and 43-construction of side wall in advance.
Detailed Description
Taking the air duct of the Beijing subway 19 line Beitaibanzhuang station as an example, as shown in fig. 1-2, a safe and efficient excavation method for excavating a plurality of tunnels by taking a vertical shaft as a starting point is provided, wherein the vertical shaft 1 is provided with transverse channels 2 excavated before the tunnels 3 to be excavated are excavated, and each tunnel 3 to be excavated extends to different directions at the same height of the vertical shaft 1.
The excavation method comprises the following steps:
step one: after the primary lining of the vertical shaft 1 is constructed, dividing the secondary lining of the vertical shaft 1 which is not constructed into two parts, wherein one part is constructed before the opening of the head door of the tunnel 3 to be excavated and is marked as an advance lining, and the other part is constructed after the secondary lining of the tunnel 3 to be excavated and is marked as a residual lining;
the advance liner needs to meet the following conditions:
condition 1: the overturning can not occur without the aid of an additional supporting member;
The lining of the shaft 1 is an elongated cylindrical structure which itself may be prone to toppling during construction if the problem of toppling is not considered for its division.
Condition 2: the collapse of the primary lining of the residual vertical shaft 1 can be avoided under the condition that all tunnels 3 to be excavated are simultaneously opened; here, the judgment is made by calculating the bearing capacity of the primary lining and the advanced lining of the vertical shaft 1 after the horsehead door is opened, and comparing the bearing capacity with the load applied to the vertical shaft 1 by the stratum, wherein the bearing capacity of the primary lining and the advanced lining of the vertical shaft 1 is larger than the load applied to the vertical shaft 1 by the stratum. Considering that the bearing capacity of the primary lining is not quite good after the opening of the overhead door, the primary lining of the vertical shaft 1 at the position of the opening of the overhead door can be directly ignored (the bearing capacity of the primary lining of the vertical shaft 1 is used as safety redundancy), and only whether the bearing capacity of the primary lining is larger than the load applied by the stratum to the vertical shaft 1 is judged, so that the calculation is simplified.
Condition 3: no interference is generated between the tunnel to be excavated and the horsehead door of the tunnel to be excavated 3; i.e. cannot be blocked in front of the door opening of the horse head door, facing the horse head door.
Condition 4: an interface combined with the residual liner can be reserved, and the interface is not interfered with a construction route of the residual liner; note that the two lining parts are sequentially constructed, so that the problem that whether the two lining parts can be firmly combined into a whole is faced, the two lining parts can be firmly combined without random division, and if the two lining parts are not firmly combined, water leakage occurs at the joint position.
The presence of the advance lining prevents the shaft 1 from collapsing when the plurality of horsedoors are opened. In this embodiment, the shaft 1 is provided with a transverse channel 2 which is excavated before the tunnel 3 to be excavated is excavated, each tunnel 3 to be excavated and the transverse channel 2 extend to different directions respectively at the same height of the shaft 1, and in the first step, the first lining of the shaft 1 and the second lining of the shaft 1 are subdivided after the construction of the transverse channel 2 is completed. The shaft 1 is equivalent to being provided with three horse-head doors in construction, but is still safe in the actual construction process.
Step two: a construction advance lining is constructed;
step three: synchronously opening horse head doors of each tunnel 3 to be excavated on the primary lining of the vertical shaft 1 and excavating;
The synchronous excavation is performed, firstly, in order to improve the construction efficiency, and secondly, the time for the vertical shaft 1 to receive uneven stratum pressure is reduced. The horse head doors are positioned as symmetrically as possible in fig. 1 on the shaft 1 to ensure that the effects of the formation pressures on both sides cancel each other.
Step four: after the construction of the two liners of the tunnel 3 to be excavated is completed, the residual liner is constructed, so that the residual liner, the advanced liner and the two liners of the tunnel 3 to be excavated are connected into a whole.
The advance lining is a cage-shaped structure formed by surrounding and fixedly connecting a plurality of horizontal ring beams arranged at intervals along the vertical direction and a plurality of hidden columns arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the vertical shaft 1, wherein the horizontal ring beams are denoted as advance construction ring beams 41, and the hidden columns are denoted as advance construction hidden columns 42.
The cage structure has proved to be capable of being effectively combined with concrete filled in the grids for a plurality of times, and the expansion mould force to the periphery in the pouring process of the residual lining is opposite to the restraint force direction of the grids, so that the concrete of the two parts is tightly combined.
The tunnel 3 to be excavated is a tunnel which is excavated by adopting a multi-pilot tunnel method, the pre-construction ring beam 41 is arranged at the inverted arch position between the upper and lower layers of pilot tunnels, and the pre-construction hidden columns 42 are arranged at the left and right sides of each tunnel 3 to be excavated. I.e. the four corners of the shaft 1 in fig. 1.
The second lining of the vertical shaft 1 is a reinforced concrete lining, comprises a vertical main rib and a horizontal main rib which winds the vertical shaft 1 for a circle along the horizontal direction, and the pre-construction ring beam 41 and the pre-construction hidden column 42 are reinforced concrete strips which comprise reinforcement cages extending along the length direction of the pre-construction ring beam and the pre-construction hidden column;
The second liner typically comprises two layers of mesh reinforcement, so that some of the reinforcement may be conveniently selected from, and the hoops are banded to form a reinforcement cage as shown in fig. 3-4. The steel bar section extending out of the steel bar cage in the drawing is not a part of the steel bar cage, but is bound to the steel bar cage when the steel bar cage is bound, and then is connected with steel bars in grids with a cage-shaped structure into a whole when the steel bar cage is poured with a secondary lining through a threaded sleeve or a grouting sleeve.
The steel bars in the pre-construction ring beam 41 comprise original horizontal main bars in the second lining of the vertical shaft 1, segments of the original vertical main bars in the second lining of the vertical shaft 1 positioned in the pre-construction ring beam 41, and new hoops hooped on the horizontal main bars for forming a steel bar cage together with the horizontal main bars; the segments of the vertical main bars positioned in the pre-construction ring beam 41 are bound on the reinforcement cage and are thrown out of the pre-construction ring beam 41, and the vertical main bars and the corresponding vertical main bars in the residual liner are connected into a whole through a sleeve when the residual liner is constructed;
The steel bars in the pre-construction hidden column 42 comprise original vertical main bars in the two linings of the vertical shaft 1, segments of the original horizontal main bars in the two linings of the vertical shaft 1 in the pre-construction hidden column 42, and new hooping bars hooped on the vertical main bars and used for forming a steel bar cage together with the vertical main bars; the horizontal main bars are positioned in the pre-construction hidden column 42 and are bound on the reinforcement cage in a segmented manner and are thrown outside the pre-construction hidden column 42, and are connected with the corresponding horizontal main bars in the residual liner into a whole through the sleeve during the construction of the residual liner.
That is, the ring beam 41 and the hidden column 42 are added on the original main reinforcement in the two linings of the vertical shaft 1. The original main ribs in the two liners of the vertical shaft 1 are crisscrossed grids, and if the two liners are cut into long strips, the stress condition of the two liners is not suitable for being used as beams or columns. The main bars in the reinforcement cage can be four main bars which are arranged in a matrix shape, and double-limb hoops are adopted as hoops. Of course, six main reinforcements arranged in matrix can be used, and three-limb hoops are used as hoops.
The upper and lower surfaces of the ring beam 41 and the side vertical surfaces of the hidden column 42 perpendicular to the adjacent shaft 1 wall are rough surfaces, the rough surfaces are rough surfaces formed by chiseling, punching or die pressing, and the rough surfaces and the throwing ribs together form an interface connected with the residual lining. Of course, the rough surface can be replaced by a surface with a plurality of key grooves, but the cost is lower when the rough surface is used.
The pre-construction ring beam 41 and the pre-construction hidden column 42 are poured synchronously to form a whole, the pre-construction ring beam 41 and the reinforcement cage of the pre-construction hidden column 42 cross each other to pass through each other, the template of the pre-construction ring beam 41 comprises a bottom die and side dies arranged on the side elevation of the pre-construction ring beam 41 far away from the wall of the vertical shaft 1, and the template of the pre-construction hidden column 42 comprises three side dies respectively arranged on the three temporary side elevation of the pre-construction hidden column 42, and both the pre-construction ring beam 41 and the pre-construction hidden column 42 are supported by the full steel pipe frame.
The lower end of the pre-construction hidden column 42 is connected with the back cover of the vertical shaft 1 into a whole, and a ring beam is arranged at intervals of two layers of pilot holes upwards from the back cover of the vertical shaft 1. Of course, if the calculation shows the requirement, some non-looped pre-construction ring beams 41 can be added locally as shown in fig. 2. In addition, the specifications of the pre-construction ring beam 41 and the pre-construction hidden post 42 in the present embodiment are changed due to the actual construction space and the requirement of the stress situation. In this embodiment, four ring beams 41 are constructed in advance, wherein the shape of the uppermost two cross sections is changed, and half ring beam is added between the two ring beams.
The cross section of the vertical shaft 1 is rectangular, the side walls of the four side walls of the primary lining of the vertical shaft 1 do not need to be marked as interference-free walls for opening the horsedoor of the tunnel 3 to be excavated, and the advanced lining further comprises advanced construction side walls 43 on the interference-free walls.
The original vertical main ribs in the two linings of the vertical shaft 1 are not needed to be cut out in sections in the early construction ring beam 41 and are arranged in the early construction ring beam 41 at the position of the early construction side wall 43, and the whole vertical main ribs can be directly bound in without connection. Of course, the stirrup in the ring beam 41 cannot be constructed in advance.
Another benefit of having the side wall 43 built in advance is that there are many fewer seams. The reduced seams not only reduce the amount of roughening, but also make it desirable for both liners of the straight-face formation to be seamless walls with the seams in both tunnels.
The above examples are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solution of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The safe and efficient excavation method for excavating a plurality of tunnels by taking a vertical shaft as a starting point is characterized in that each tunnel (3) to be excavated extends to different directions at the same height of the vertical shaft (1), and the safe and efficient excavation method is characterized in that: the excavation method comprises the following steps:
Step one: after the primary lining of the vertical shaft (1) is constructed, dividing the secondary lining of the vertical shaft (1) which is not constructed into two parts, wherein one part is constructed before the opening of the horsehead of the tunnel (3) to be excavated and is marked as an advance lining, and the other part is constructed after the secondary lining of the tunnel (3) to be excavated and is marked as a residual lining;
The advance liner needs to meet the following conditions:
condition 1: the overturning can not occur without the aid of an additional supporting member;
condition 2: under the condition that all tunnels (3) to be excavated are simultaneously opened, collapse of the primary lining of the residual vertical shaft (1) can be avoided;
condition 3: the two ends of the tunnel (3) to be excavated are not interfered with the horse head door;
condition 4: an interface combined with the residual liner can be reserved, and the interface is not interfered with a construction route of the residual liner;
Step two: a construction advance lining is constructed;
Step three: synchronously opening horse head doors of each tunnel (3) to be excavated on the primary lining of the vertical shaft (1) and excavating;
Step four: after the construction of the secondary lining of the tunnel (3) to be excavated is completed, constructing a residual lining, and connecting the residual lining, the advanced lining and the secondary lining of the tunnel (3) to be excavated into a whole;
The advance lining is of a cage-shaped structure formed by surrounding and fixedly connecting a plurality of horizontal ring beams arranged at intervals along the vertical direction and a plurality of hidden columns arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the vertical shaft (1), the horizontal ring beams are marked as advance construction ring beams (41), and the hidden columns are marked as advance construction hidden columns (42);
The second lining of the vertical shaft (1) is reinforced concrete lining and comprises a vertical main rib and a horizontal main rib which winds the vertical shaft (1) along the horizontal direction for a circle, and the pre-construction ring beam (41) and the pre-construction hidden column (42) are reinforced concrete strips which comprise reinforcement cages extending along the length direction of the pre-construction ring beam;
The steel bars in the pre-construction ring beam (41) comprise original horizontal main bars in the second lining of the vertical shaft (1), segments of the original vertical main bars in the second lining of the vertical shaft (1) in the pre-construction ring beam (41), and new hooping bars hooped on the horizontal main bars and used for forming a steel bar cage together with the horizontal main bars; the vertical main bars are positioned in the pre-construction ring beam (41), are bound on the reinforcement cage in a segmented manner, are thrown out of the pre-construction ring beam (41), and are connected with the corresponding vertical main bars in the residual liner into a whole through a sleeve when the residual liner is constructed;
the steel bars in the pre-construction hidden column (42) comprise original vertical main bars in the second lining of the vertical shaft (1), segments of the original horizontal main bars in the second lining of the vertical shaft (1) in the pre-construction hidden column (42), and new hooping bars hooped on the vertical main bars and used for forming a steel bar cage together with the vertical main bars; the horizontal main bars are positioned in the pre-construction hidden columns (42) and are bound on the reinforcement cage in a segmented mode, are thrown out of the pre-construction hidden columns (42), and are connected with the corresponding horizontal main bars in the residual lining into a whole through the sleeve when the residual lining is constructed.
2. The safe and efficient excavation method for excavating a plurality of tunnels with a shaft as a starting point according to claim 1, wherein: the tunnel to be excavated (3) is a tunnel which is excavated by adopting a multi-pilot tunnel method, the pre-construction ring beam (41) is arranged at the inverted arch position between the upper pilot tunnel layer and the lower pilot tunnel layer, and the pre-construction hidden columns (42) are arranged at the left side and the right side of each tunnel to be excavated (3).
3. The safe and efficient excavation method for excavating a plurality of tunnels with a shaft as a starting point according to claim 1, wherein: the upper surface and the lower surface of the construction ring beam (41) in advance and the side elevation of the construction hidden column (42) perpendicular to the wall of the adjacent vertical shaft (1) are rough surfaces, the rough surfaces are rough surfaces formed by chiseling, punching or die pressing, and the rough surfaces and the throwing ribs jointly form an interface connected with the residual lining.
4. The safe and efficient excavation method for excavating a plurality of tunnels with a shaft as a starting point according to claim 1, wherein: the construction ring beam (41) and the construction hidden column (42) are synchronously poured and form a whole, the reinforcement cages of the construction ring beam (41) and the construction hidden column (42) are crossed with each other, the template of the construction ring beam (41) comprises a bottom die and side dies arranged on the side elevation of the construction ring beam (41) far away from the wall of the vertical shaft (1), and the template of the construction hidden column (42) comprises three side dies respectively arranged on the three side elevation of the construction hidden column (42) in advance, and the construction ring beam (41) and the construction hidden column (42) in advance are supported by the full steel pipe frame.
5. The safe and efficient excavation method for excavating a plurality of tunnels with a shaft as a starting point according to claim 2, wherein: the lower end of the pre-construction hidden column (42) is connected with the back cover of the vertical shaft (1) into a whole, and a ring beam is arranged at every other two layers of pilot holes upwards from the back cover of the vertical shaft (1).
6. The safe and efficient excavation method for excavating a plurality of tunnels with a shaft as a starting point according to claim 1, wherein: the cross section of the vertical shaft (1) is rectangular, the side walls of the four side walls of the primary lining of the vertical shaft (1) do not need to be marked as interference-free walls for opening the horsehead door of the tunnel (3) to be excavated, and the advance lining further comprises advance construction side walls (43) on the interference-free walls.
7. The safe and efficient excavation method for excavating a plurality of tunnels with a shaft as a starting point according to claim 1, wherein: the vertical shaft (1) is provided with a transverse channel (2) which is excavated before the tunnel (3) to be excavated is excavated, the tunnels (3) to be excavated and the transverse channel (2) extend to different directions respectively at the same height of the vertical shaft (1), and in the first step, the primary lining of the vertical shaft (1) and the transverse channel (2) are respectively divided into two lining of the vertical shaft (1) after construction is completed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410355486.4A CN117948151B (en) | 2024-03-27 | Safe and efficient excavation method for excavating multiple tunnels by taking vertical shaft as starting point |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410355486.4A CN117948151B (en) | 2024-03-27 | Safe and efficient excavation method for excavating multiple tunnels by taking vertical shaft as starting point |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117948151A CN117948151A (en) | 2024-04-30 |
| CN117948151B true CN117948151B (en) | 2024-06-28 |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105298501A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-02-03 | 上海市城市建设设计研究总院 | Construction method for auxiliary air duct structure of underground excavation station |
| CN109958443A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-02 | 北京万兴建筑集团有限公司 | The vertical shaft arranged side by side and its construction method secretly made in a kind of piping lane tunnel |
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105298501A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-02-03 | 上海市城市建设设计研究总院 | Construction method for auxiliary air duct structure of underground excavation station |
| CN109958443A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-02 | 北京万兴建筑集团有限公司 | The vertical shaft arranged side by side and its construction method secretly made in a kind of piping lane tunnel |
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