CN117944525A - Parallel battery charging method for electric vehicle - Google Patents
Parallel battery charging method for electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN117944525A CN117944525A CN202211299469.0A CN202211299469A CN117944525A CN 117944525 A CN117944525 A CN 117944525A CN 202211299469 A CN202211299469 A CN 202211299469A CN 117944525 A CN117944525 A CN 117944525A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a battery parallel charging method of an electric vehicle, which can be implemented by a battery parallel charging system, wherein the system is applied to the electric vehicle and comprises a plurality of battery modules and a control unit. When the electric vehicle is connected to a charger, the control unit is awakened to receive the voltage values of the battery modules, and the control unit judges whether the voltage difference value between the battery modules is larger than a preset voltage value. When the voltage difference is larger than the preset voltage value, the control unit controls the lower voltage value of the battery modules to charge; when the voltage difference is smaller than the preset voltage value, the control unit controls the plurality of battery modules to charge together.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a battery for an electric vehicle, and more particularly, to a method for charging a battery for an electric vehicle in parallel.
Background
In order to improve the capacitance problem of a single battery, the existing electric motorcycle develops a power supply system using a plurality of batteries, and a battery pack is usually formed by connecting a plurality of batteries in series, so that the endurance of the electric motorcycle is increased; the battery pack in the electric motorcycle can be directly charged by the exclusive charging cable, or the user takes out each battery from the electric motorcycle to charge; when a user charges the battery pack with a charging cable, since the batteries in the battery pack are connected in series, if the voltages of the batteries are not balanced, any one of the batteries may end charging early, and the remaining batteries are not fully charged.
Regarding the shortcomings of the battery serial charging technology, taiwan patent application No. 109106621 discloses a multi-battery pack charging balancing device, system and method, by means of a round-robin architecture, the architecture uses a controller to disconnect a serial switch in a switching circuit containing a full-charged battery, and to conduct a bypass switch in the switching circuit, so that the full-charged battery leaves a charging loop, and the rest of the battery can be continuously and stably charged. This technique may have the following problems:
1. When the series switch of the switching circuit is suddenly opened, the overall charging voltage drops suddenly, affecting the charging stability.
2. If the series switch and the bypass switch in the switching circuit fail, there is a risk of the battery in the switching circuit being damaged by a short circuit.
Disclosure of Invention
[ Problem to be solved by the invention ]
In order to enable a full-charged battery to leave a charging loop, a series switch in a switching circuit containing the full-charged battery needs to be disconnected to cause the charging voltage of a charger to suddenly drop, so that the charging stability is affected, and if the switch in the switching circuit fails, the battery in the switching circuit is short-circuited and damaged.
[ Means of solving the problems ]
The invention provides a battery parallel charging method of an electric vehicle, according to an embodiment of the invention, the electric vehicle comprises a plurality of battery modules and a control unit, wherein the battery modules comprise a battery core module, a charging switch and a discharging switch, the battery modules are connected in parallel, and the control unit is electrically connected with the battery modules; when the electric vehicle is connected with a charger, the control unit receives a trigger wake-up signal transmitted by the charger to execute the battery parallel charging method, and the method comprises the following steps:
the control unit receives voltage values of a plurality of battery modules;
The control unit judges whether the voltage difference value between the battery modules is larger than a preset voltage value or not;
when the voltage difference is larger than the preset voltage value, the control unit controls one of the battery modules with lower voltage value to charge;
when the voltage difference is smaller than the preset voltage value, the control unit controls the plurality of battery modules to charge together.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the electric vehicle includes a first battery module, a second battery module and a control unit, wherein the first battery module includes a first battery core module, a first charging switch and a first discharging switch; the second battery module comprises a second battery core module, a second charging switch and a second discharging switch; the first battery module is connected with the second battery module in parallel, and the control unit is electrically connected with the first battery module and the second battery module; when the electric vehicle is connected with a charger, the control unit receives a trigger wake-up signal transmitted by the charger to execute the battery parallel charging method, and the method comprises the following steps:
the control unit receives a first voltage value of the first battery module and a second voltage value of the second battery module;
The control unit calculates a voltage difference between the first voltage value and the second voltage value;
the control unit judges whether the voltage difference is larger than a preset voltage value;
when the voltage difference is larger than the preset voltage value, the control unit controls the first battery module and the second battery module to charge with lower voltage value;
When the voltage difference is smaller than the preset voltage value, the control unit controls the first battery module and the second battery module to charge together.
[ Efficacy of the invention ]
The invention relates to a battery parallel charging method of an electric vehicle, which is characterized in that the voltage difference between battery modules is judged, any battery module does not need to leave a charging loop in the charging process, the charging voltage of a charger can be stably output, each battery module comprises a charging switch and a discharging switch, the charging switch and the discharging switch have a unidirectional conduction function, and the situation that current is mutually filled in the charging process of each battery module does not occur. In addition, because the charging is performed in a parallel manner, the charging and discharging rate (C-rate) of the charging current of the charger is dispersed, the temperature of each battery module during charging is reduced, and the service life of each battery module is prolonged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit block diagram of a battery parallel charging system for implementing a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a battery parallel charging method of an electric vehicle according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a circuit of the second battery module according to the first embodiment of the present invention when the second battery module is charged.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a circuit for simultaneously charging a first battery module and a second battery module according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a circuit block diagram of a battery parallel charging system for implementing a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a flowchart of a battery parallel charging method of an electric vehicle according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
List of reference numerals
10 First battery module
11 First cell core die set
First battery management system 12
13 First communication interface
14 First charging switch
15 First discharge switch
20 Second battery module
21 Second cell module
Second Battery management System 22
23 Second communication interface
24 Second charging switch
25 Second discharge switch
30 Control unit
31 Communication control module
32 Receiving module
40 Third battery module
41 Third cell module
42 Third Battery management System
43 Third communication interface
44 Third charging switch
45 Third discharge switch
50 Charger
51 Charging communication module
52 Wake-up module
I1 first charging current
I2 second charging current
T1, triggering a wake-up signal.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a battery parallel charging method of an electric vehicle, which can be implemented by using a battery parallel charging system shown in fig. 1. The battery parallel charging system is disposed on an electric vehicle, and in a first embodiment of the battery parallel charging system of the present invention, the battery parallel charging system includes a first battery module 10, a second battery module 20, and a control unit 30, wherein the first battery module 10 and the second battery module 20 are connected in parallel, and the charging flat cable receives the power provided by a charger 50 together for charging. The control unit 30 has a communication control module 31 and a receiving module 32, wherein the communication control module 31 is connected to the first battery module 10 and the second battery module 20 for communication, and the receiving module 32 can be, but is not limited to, a wake-up circuit and is connected to the charger 50 for communication. When the control unit 30 wakes up by receiving the signal transmitted by the charger 50 through the receiving module 32, the communication control module 31 can receive the battery information transmitted by the first battery module 10 and the second battery module 20, or output instructions to control the first battery module 10 and the second battery module 20.
The first Battery module 10 includes a first Battery cell module 11 and a first Battery Management System (BMS) 12. The first battery core module 11 may be a single battery core or be composed of a plurality of battery cores, and the first battery management system 12 may be implemented on a circuit board as an information management core of the first battery core module 11 for performing charge and discharge operation management on the first battery core module 11 and monitoring the electric quantity information, the temperature information, etc. of the first battery core module 11.
The first battery management system 12 is connected to the charger 50, the first battery core module 11 and the control unit 30, and includes a first communication interface 13, a first charge switch 14 and a first discharge switch 15, where the first communication interface 13 is connected to the communication control module 31, receives a control command sent from the control unit 30, or transmits a battery information of the first battery module 10 to the control unit 30, specifically, the first battery management system 12 and the control unit 30 are connected to communicate with the first communication interface 13 through the communication control module 31, and the first communication module 13 and the communication control module 31 may support a protocol of a controller area network (Controller Area Network, abbreviated as CAN or CAN bus), or other wired/wireless communication interfaces.
The first charge switch 14 and the first discharge switch 15 are switches with unidirectional conduction function, such as Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors (MOSFETs) and Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs), and the first charge switch 14 and the first discharge switch 15 are respectively described as a Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET), where a parasitic diode exists between a source (source) and a drain (drain) of the metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor. The charger 50, the first charging switch 14, the first discharging switch 15 are connected in series with the first battery core module 11, and the first charging switch 14 and the first discharging switch 15 are connected in opposite directions, so that the cathodes of the respective parasitic diodes are connected. The first charging switch 14 and the first discharging switch 15 can be turned on or off respectively according to the control of the control unit 30, and the charger 50 is enabled to charge the first battery core module 11 by changing the states of the first charging switch 14 and the first discharging switch 15.
The second battery module 20 also includes a second battery core module 21 and a second battery management system 22, the second battery management system 22 has a second communication interface 23, a second charging switch 24 and a second discharging switch 25, wherein the second communication interface 23 is also connected to and communicated with the communication control module 31 of the control unit 30; since the circuit structure of the second battery module 20 is the same as that of the first battery module 10, the description thereof will be omitted.
A first embodiment of the battery parallel charging method of the electric vehicle of the present invention can be implemented by connecting the above-mentioned battery parallel charging system to the charger 50. Specifically, the charger 50 has a charging communication module 51 and a wake-up module 52, when the battery parallel charging system is connected to the charger 50, the charging communication module 51 is in communication with the communication control module 31, the wake-up module 52 is in communication with the receiving module 32, so that the charger 50 transmits a trigger wake-up signal T1 to the receiving module 32 through the wake-up module 52, and the receiving module 32 receives the trigger wake-up signal T1, thereby the control unit 30 triggers wake-up to execute the battery parallel charging method, wherein the trigger wake-up signal T1 can be a power signal. Referring to fig. 2, the parallel battery charging method includes:
S10: the control unit 30 receives a first voltage value of the first battery module 10 and a second voltage value of the second battery module 20. The control unit 30 triggers to wake up the first battery module 10 and the second battery module 20 by the communication control module 31, so that the first battery module 10 transmits the first voltage value to the communication control module 31 by the first communication interface 13, and the second battery module 20 transmits the second voltage value to the communication control module 31 by the second communication interface 23.
S11: the control unit 30 calculates a voltage difference according to the first voltage value and the second voltage value.
S12: judging whether the voltage difference is larger than a preset voltage value.
S13: when the voltage difference is greater than the preset voltage value, the first battery module 10 and the second battery module 20 with lower voltage value are controlled to charge. For example, as shown in fig. 3, the second battery module 20 has a lower voltage value, the control unit 30 controls the first battery management system 21 and the second battery management system 22 by the communication control module 31 to turn on the first charging switch 14, the second charging switch 24 and the second discharging switch 25, so that the charger 50 outputs a larger second charging current I2 to charge the second battery module 20 first, and the first battery module 10 only turns on the first charging switch 14, so that only a small first charging current I1 is input to the first battery module 10, and the first charging current I1 is input to the first battery module 10 by the parasitic diode of the first discharging switch 15, wherein the total charging current output by the charger 50 is the sum of the first charging current I1 and the second charging current I2.
Along with the gradual charging of the second battery module 20, the voltage value of the second battery module 20 gradually increases, so that the second charging current I2 gradually decreases, and the first charging current I1 input into the first battery module 10 gradually increases, and when the first charging current I1 exceeds the maximum current value that the parasitic diode can bear, the voltage difference between the first battery module 10 and the second battery module 20 is smaller than the preset voltage value. It is particularly noted that, in the above-described charging process, since the first discharging switch 15 is maintained to be interrupted, it is possible to prevent the current of the first battery module 10 having a higher voltage from being supplied to the second battery module 20 having a lower voltage, thereby preventing the second battery module 20 from being damaged.
S14: when the voltage difference is smaller than the preset voltage value, the first battery module 10 and the second battery module 20 are controlled to be charged together. As shown in fig. 4, the control unit 30 controls the first battery management system 12 and the second battery management system 22 by the communication control module 31 to turn on the first charge switch 14, the first discharge switch 15, the second charge switch 24 and the second discharge switch 25, so that the first battery module 10 and the second battery module 20 respectively receive the first charging current I1 and the second charging current I2 for common charging, wherein the first charging current I1 and the second charging current I2 are changed along with the voltage increase of the first battery module 10 and the second battery module 20, and when the voltage of the first battery module 10 and the second battery module 20 are equal, the first charging current I1 is equal to the second charging current I2. In an embodiment of the present invention, when the first battery module 10 and the second battery module 20 are charged together, the control unit 30 can communicate with the charging communication module 51 through the communication control module 31, so that the charger 50 can boost the output total charging current.
The second embodiment of the battery parallel charging method of the electric vehicle of the present invention can be implemented by using a second embodiment of the battery parallel charging system, in this embodiment of the system, a plurality of battery modules are added, each of the battery modules has a charging switch and a discharging switch, and the battery parallel charging system is described below as having three battery modules.
As shown in fig. 5, the third battery module 40 also includes a third battery core module 41 and a third battery management system 42, the third battery management system 42 has a third communication interface 43, a third charging switch 44 and a third discharging switch 45, wherein the third communication interface 43 is also connected to and communicated with the communication control module 31 of the control unit 30; since the circuit architecture of the third battery module 30 is the same as that of the first battery module 10, it is not repeated. When the second embodiment of the battery parallel charging system is connected to the charger 50, the control unit 30 triggers the wake-up to execute the second embodiment of the battery parallel charging method, please refer to fig. 6, which includes:
S20: the control unit 30 receives the voltage values of the first battery module 10, the second battery module 20, and the third battery module 40. Because the receiving method is the same as the step S10 in the first embodiment of the method, the description will not be repeated.
S21: the control unit 30 determines whether the voltage difference between the battery modules is greater than a predetermined voltage value. Specifically, the control unit 30 may determine the battery module having a minimum voltage value among the first battery module 10, the second battery module 20, and the third battery module 40 as a reference battery module. The control unit 30 calculates a voltage difference between the reference battery module and each other battery module, and determines whether the voltage differences are greater than the preset voltage value, wherein the voltage difference between the reference battery module and the first battery module 10 is a first voltage difference, the voltage difference between the reference battery module and the second battery module 20 is a second voltage difference, and the preset voltage value is related to the maximum current value that each parasitic diode can bear as in the first embodiment of the method.
S22: when the voltage difference is greater than the preset voltage, the control unit 30 controls the lower voltage of the battery modules to charge, and when the first voltage difference and the second voltage difference are greater than the preset voltage, the control unit 30 controls the reference battery module to charge. Because the charging manner is the same as the step S14 in the first embodiment of the method, the description is omitted.
S23: when the voltage difference is smaller than the preset voltage value, the control unit 30 controls the plurality of battery modules to be charged together. In combination with the above example, for example, at least one of the first voltage difference and the second voltage difference is smaller than the preset voltage value, the control unit 30 controls the battery module with the voltage difference smaller than the preset voltage value to charge together with the reference battery module. For example, the second voltage difference is smaller than the preset voltage, and the control unit 30 controls the second battery management system 22 and the third battery management system 42 by the communication control module 31 to charge the second battery module 20 and the third battery module 40 together.
The battery parallel charging method of the electric vehicle is used for judging a plurality of battery modules with different voltages in the electric vehicle when the electric vehicle is connected to a charger by a charging cable, wherein the battery modules are provided with a minimum voltage value as a reference battery module, and the voltage difference value between the reference battery module and other battery modules is calculated respectively. When the voltage difference is larger than a preset voltage value, the reference battery module is singly charged, the charging switch and the discharging switch of the reference battery module are controlled to be conducted, and other battery modules only conduct the charging switch of the reference battery module so as to limit the current of other battery modules to be poured into the reference battery module; when at least one of the voltage differences is smaller than the preset voltage value, the battery module with the voltage difference smaller than the preset voltage value and the reference battery module are charged together, the charging switch and the discharging switch of the reference battery module are controlled to be conducted, and the charging switch and the discharging switch of the battery module with the voltage difference smaller than the preset voltage value are controlled to be conducted. Because the invention charges in parallel, the voltage values of the battery modules can be charged simultaneously under the condition of difference, and the voltage values of the battery modules are averaged.
In summary, the embodiments and examples of the technical means adopted for solving the problems are described only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the patent implementation of the present invention. It is intended that all such equivalent variations and modifications as fall within the meaning of the claims or are within the scope of this invention.
Claims (9)
1. The battery parallel charging method of the electric vehicle is characterized in that the electric vehicle comprises a plurality of battery modules and a control unit, wherein each battery module comprises a battery core module, a charging switch and a discharging switch, the plurality of battery modules are connected in parallel, and the control unit is electrically connected with the plurality of battery modules; when the electric vehicle is connected with a charger, the control unit receives a trigger wake-up signal transmitted by the charger to execute the battery parallel charging method, and the method comprises the following steps:
the control unit receives voltage values of a plurality of battery modules;
the control unit judges whether the voltage difference value between the battery modules is larger than a preset voltage value or not;
When the voltage difference is larger than the preset voltage value, the control unit controls charging of lower voltage values in the battery modules;
and when the voltage difference is smaller than the preset voltage value, the control unit controls the plurality of battery modules to charge together.
2. The battery parallel charging method of the electric vehicle is characterized in that the electric vehicle comprises a first battery module, a second battery module and a control unit, wherein the first battery module comprises a first battery core module, a first charging switch and a first discharging switch; the second battery module comprises a second battery core module, a second charging switch and a second discharging switch; the first battery module is connected with the second battery module in parallel, and the control unit is electrically connected with the first battery module and the second battery module; when the electric vehicle is connected with a charger, the control unit receives a trigger wake-up signal transmitted by the charger to execute the battery parallel charging method, and the method comprises the following steps:
The control unit receives a first voltage value of the first battery module and a second voltage value of the second battery module;
the control unit calculates a voltage difference value between the first voltage value and the second voltage value;
the control unit judges whether the voltage difference value is larger than a preset voltage value or not;
When the voltage difference is larger than the preset voltage value, the control unit controls the first battery module and the second battery module to charge with a lower voltage value;
When the voltage difference is smaller than the preset voltage value, the control unit controls the first battery module and the second battery module to be charged together.
3. The method for parallel charging of electric vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the control unit comprises a receiving module, the charger comprises a wake-up module, the charger transmits the trigger wake-up signal to the receiving module by means of the wake-up module, and the trigger wake-up signal is a power signal.
4. The method for parallel charging of batteries of an electric vehicle according to claim 3, wherein the receiving module is a wake-up circuit, and the wake-up circuit wakes up the control unit according to the trigger wake-up signal.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein the first battery module includes a first battery management system, the second battery module includes a second battery management system, and the control unit includes a communication control module, wherein the control unit communicates with the first battery management system and the second battery management system respectively by means of the communication control module to receive the first voltage value and the second voltage value.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the charger further comprises a charging communication module, and the charging communication module and the communication control module communicate with each other.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the control unit causes the charger to boost the output total charging current by the charging communication module when the first battery module and the second battery module are charged together.
8. The method according to claim 2, wherein when the voltage difference is greater than the preset voltage value, the control unit turns on a charge switch and a discharge switch of the first battery module and the second battery module having a lower voltage value, and turns on a charge switch of the first battery module and the second battery module having a higher voltage value.
9. The method according to claim 2, wherein when the voltage difference is smaller than the preset voltage value, the control unit turns on the second charging switch and the second discharging switch, and turns on the first charging switch and the first discharging switch to charge together.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211299469.0A CN117944525A (en) | 2022-10-21 | 2022-10-21 | Parallel battery charging method for electric vehicle |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211299469.0A CN117944525A (en) | 2022-10-21 | 2022-10-21 | Parallel battery charging method for electric vehicle |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN117944525A true CN117944525A (en) | 2024-04-30 |
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| CN202211299469.0A Pending CN117944525A (en) | 2022-10-21 | 2022-10-21 | Parallel battery charging method for electric vehicle |
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- 2022-10-21 CN CN202211299469.0A patent/CN117944525A/en active Pending
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