CN117926775A

CN117926775A - Ocean oil spilling processing apparatus of friction nanometer electricity generation

Info

Publication number: CN117926775A
Application number: CN202410010424.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄桥高; 郑思洁; 何幸; 李鑫明; 李晗
Original assignee: Northwestern Polytechnical University
Current assignee: Northwestern Polytechnical University
Priority date: 2024-01-04
Filing date: 2024-01-04
Publication date: 2024-04-26

Abstract

The invention relates to a marine oil spill treatment device for friction nano power generation, belonging to the technical field of marine oil spill treatment; the device comprises a pontoon, a hydrophobic and oleophilic filtering unit communicated with the inside and the outside of the pontoon, a buffer unit and an oleophobic and hydrophilic filtering unit arranged in the pontoon, and an energy harvesting unit; the hydrophobic and oleophylic filtering unit is arranged on the circumferential surface of the pontoon, performs preliminary filtration on external ocean spilled oil based on a hydrophobic and oleophylic principle, and drains the ocean spilled oil into the pontoon; the buffer unit is in butt joint with the outlet of the hydrophobic and oleophilic filter unit and is used for reducing the flow rate of oil entering the pontoon, so that layering treatment of oil and water is facilitated; the oleophobic hydrophilic filter unit is positioned in the layered water medium, performs secondary filtration on the water medium in the pontoon based on the oleophobic hydrophilic principle, and discharges the filtered water out of the pontoon. Based on different properties of oil and water in ocean spilled oil, the treatment mode of combining hydrophobic oleophilic, oleophobic hydrophilic twice filtration and oil-water layering technology is adopted, so that the environment-friendly spilled oil treatment with low energy consumption is realized.

Description

Ocean oil spilling processing apparatus of friction nanometer electricity generation

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of ocean oil spill treatment, and particularly relates to an ocean oil spill treatment device for friction nano power generation.

Background

In the petroleum exploration, development, storage and transportation or refining process, accidents such as natural disasters or manual operation cause leakage of petroleum products, spilled petroleum flows to the sea surface, and an oil film with different thickness is formed on the sea surface, and the phenomenon is called offshore spilled petroleum accident. The most typical health hazards of petroleum are benzene and its derivatives, which can affect human blood and prolonged exposure to such substances can result in a high incidence of cancer. Because petroleum is flammable and explosive, when overflowed, it poses a threat to both personal and public safety. In the initial stages of oil spills, or heavy oil areas of light crude oil and light refineries, flammable gases may be present that burn when exposed to an open flame, resulting in a fire hazard. Spilled oil can also harm the marine environment, and the spilled oil can cause biological choking, wherein toxic substances can enter the food chains of marine organisms, and the marine ecological system is adversely affected.

The general treatment steps of marine spilled oil are as follows: 1) Oil rope oil containment: dragging the oil line floating on the sea surface by adopting a plurality of tugs, so that leaked crude oil is enclosed in the oil line, and the crude oil is prevented from being continuously diffused; 2) Oil pump oil absorption: the area surrounded by the oil line is gradually reduced by the movement of the tug, so that the thickness of crude oil on the sea surface is increased when the area is reduced, and the crude oil is pumped to the oil transporting ship by adopting a floating oil pump after the thickness is enough so as to be collected and transported. 3) And finally, the residual crude oil which cannot be extracted by the oil pump adopts a chemical agent decomposition method, a combustion method and an adsorption method. As can be seen from the ocean spilled oil treatment method, the current treatment method is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and can cause secondary pollution to the ocean environment, and a green and efficient ocean spilled oil treatment device is urgently needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problems to be solved are as follows:

In order to avoid the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the ocean oil spill treatment device for friction nano power generation, which realizes the green environment-friendly oil spill treatment with low energy consumption by adopting a treatment mode of combining hydrophobic oleophilic, oleophobic hydrophilic twice filtration and an oil-water layering technology based on different properties of oil and water in ocean oil spill.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the marine oil spill treatment device for friction nano power generation comprises a pontoon, a hydrophobic and oleophilic filtering unit, a buffer unit, an oleophobic and hydrophilic filtering unit and an energy harvesting unit, wherein the hydrophobic and oleophilic filtering unit is communicated with the inside and the outside of the pontoon;

the hydrophobic and oleophylic filtering unit is arranged on the circumferential surface of the pontoon, performs preliminary filtration on external ocean spilled oil based on a hydrophobic and oleophylic principle, and drains the ocean spilled oil into the pontoon;

the buffer unit is in butt joint with the outlet of the hydrophobic and oleophilic filter unit and is used for reducing the flow rate of oil entering the pontoon, so that layering treatment of oil and water is facilitated;

The oleophobic hydrophilic filter unit is positioned in the layered water medium, performs secondary filtration on the water medium in the pontoon based on the oleophobic hydrophilic principle, and discharges the filtered water out of the pontoon;

The energy harvesting unit is used for providing the whole device with required electric energy.

The invention further adopts the technical scheme that: the outer peripheral surface of the pontoon is provided with a plurality of inlets, the periphery of each inlet is provided with an accessory, and a shell of the accessory is internally provided with a hydrophobic and oleophilic filtering unit and a first energy harvesting unit;

The shell is of a cavity structure with two open ends, one end of the shell is open towards the outside, the other end of the shell is in sealing fit with the peripheral surface of the pontoon, and the inlet of the pontoon corresponding to the shell is covered in the shell;

The hydrophobic and oleophylic filter unit is arranged along the lower wall surface of the inner side of the shell and comprises a flow pipe, fushengsha and a protective cover, wherein the Fushengsha and the protective cover are arranged at the inlet of the flow pipe; the inlet of the flow pipe is concentrically and hermetically arranged with the opening at the outer side of the shell, the outlet of the flow pipe is hermetically butted with the inlet of the pontoon, and the inlet position is higher than the outlet position, so that the drainage of external oil is realized; the floating objects except the oil liquid are blocked from entering the flow channel through the protective cover, and the oil liquid entering the inlet of the flow pipe is subjected to preliminary filtration through Fusheng sand.

The invention further adopts the technical scheme that: the outer opening end of the shell is in a ring shape, the inner opening end of the shell is in a water drop shape, the upper edges of the openings at the two ends and the upper edge of the shell are flush in the horizontal direction, and the lower edges of the openings at the two ends and the lower edge of the shell are in parabolic shapes and bent downwards.

The invention further adopts the technical scheme that: the first energy harvesting unit comprises an accessory power generation platform and PTFE balls, wherein multiple layers of accessory power generation platforms are sequentially and horizontally arranged in the shell along the vertical direction, and each accessory power generation platform comprises a nylon membrane, a copper electrode and acrylic resin from top to bottom; and a plurality of PTFE balls are placed on each layer of attached power generation platform, when the PTFE balls and the platform displace, electrons are generated by friction between the PTFE balls and the nylon membrane, electronegativity is presented, the nylon membrane loses positive charges of the electrons, and the copper electrode transports charges to generate current, so that friction nano power generation is completed.

The invention further adopts the technical scheme that: the buffering unit is a guide pipeline with a C-shaped section, the guide pipeline is coaxially arranged in the pontoon, a plurality of overflow holes are formed in the top of the guide pipeline, an annular cavity is formed between the guide pipeline and the inner wall of the pontoon, all inlets of the pontoon are covered, oil flowing in all flow pipes is converged in the annular cavity for buffering and decelerating, and the oil enters the pontoon through the overflow holes to finish layering of oil and water in the oil.

The invention further adopts the technical scheme that: the oleophobic hydrophilic filter unit is positioned below the pontoon and sequentially comprises a filter outer shell, a PVDF-PES nanofiber layer, a filter inner shell and a water pump from outside to inside, wherein the top surfaces of the outer shell and the inner shell are of closed structures, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the side walls of the outer shell and the inner shell; the water below the layered filter shell flows through the through hole of the filter shell, the PVDF-PES nanofiber layer and the through hole of the filter inner shell in sequence, and is pumped to a drain pipe which is communicated with the outside of the pontoon by a water pump and then discharged out of the pontoon.

The invention further adopts the technical scheme that: the PVDF-PES nanofiber layer is a nano layer structure which is obtained by taking a PVDF-PES nanofiber membrane as a substrate to perform microwave-assisted in-situ growth of carboxymethyl cyclodextrin-titanium dioxide.

The invention further adopts the technical scheme that: the buoy is internally provided with an oil pump, an oil suction port of the oil pump extends into oil above the buoy after layering, and the oil is pumped to an oil discharge pipe outside the buoy for storage.

The invention further adopts the technical scheme that: the energy harvesting unit comprises a first energy harvesting unit, a second energy harvesting unit, a third energy harvesting unit and a storage battery, wherein the second energy harvesting unit is positioned above the buoy and is consistent with the structure and the power generation principle of the first energy harvesting unit; the third energy harvesting unit comprises a photovoltaic panel positioned at the top of the pontoon and is used for converting solar energy into electric energy;

The storage battery is respectively communicated with the first energy harvesting unit, the second energy harvesting unit and the third energy harvesting unit, and is used for storing the electric energy generated by the three energy harvesting units and supplying power to the whole device.

The invention further adopts the technical scheme that: the pontoon is also provided with a water-oil interface detector, a warning lamp and an organic glass cover; the water-oil interface detector is used for detecting the position of a water-oil interface after layering in the pontoon;

The warning lamp is used for displaying the condition of a water-oil interface; when the water-oil interface is positioned at the oleophobic hydrophilic filter unit and the oil pump inlet and the oil level is higher than the oil pump inlet, the warning lamp is a green light; in other cases, the warning lamp emits different lights to display the position states of the water and the oil, and the positions of the water and the oil are regulated by regulating the rotation rates of the water pump and the oil pump;

the organic glass cover is transparent, the upper end of the pontoon is sealed, the inner structure of the pontoon is protected, solar energy is conveniently obtained during photovoltaic power generation, and warning light is transmitted to facilitate observation.

Advantageous effects

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the ocean oil spill treatment device for friction nano power generation has the following advantages: 1. solves the problems of heavy workload and secondary pollution to the marine environment in the marine oil spill treatment. 2. Based on a friction nano power generation technology, the wave low-frequency motion on the ocean is efficiently converted into electric energy; 3. the hydrophobic and oleophobic hydrophilic materials are adopted respectively, so that the collection efficiency of ocean spilled oil is improved; 4. the manufacturing cost is low, and the construction steps are relatively simple.

According to the invention, the hydrophobic and oleophylic filter unit adopts the Fusheng sand to realize the absorption and filtration of spilled oil, the Fusheng sand is wind-deposited sand in the desert as the raw material, and the surface of the wind-deposited sand is wrapped with the mixture of the hydrophobic and oleophylic polytetrafluoroethylene and the polypropylene, so that the filter unit has the advantages of low relative density, high strength, corrosion resistance and the like, and can be used for filtering water and oil. The polytetrafluoroethylene and polypropylene mixture outside Fusheng sand has the characteristics of hydrophobicity and oleophilicity, the oleophilicity can enable oil in sea water to pass through, the hydrophobicity limits the water passing rate, and the collection of ocean spilled oil is facilitated.

The oleophobic hydrophilic filter unit adopts the PVDF-PES nanofiber layer to carry out secondary filtration on oil, and the PVDF-PES nanofiber layer takes the PVDF-PES nanofiber membrane as a substrate to carry out microwave-assisted in-situ growth of carboxymethyl cyclodextrin-titanium dioxide, so that the oleophobic hydrophilic filter unit has a nano-layer structure with proper pore diameter, high porosity and super-hydrophilicity-underwater superoleophobic property. The PVDF-PES nanofiber membrane allows water to pass through and prevents oil from being returned to the ocean again by the water pump due to turbulence or water-oil interface below the water-oil filtration structure.

The buffering unit is an annular cavity formed by the C-shaped diversion ring and the inner wall of the pontoon, and the oil after preliminary filtration is converged and then decelerated, so that oil and water in the oil can be rapidly layered; if the diversion loop is not arranged, the fluid with a certain speed directly flows to the middle at the outlet of the pipeline, so that the mixing degree of water and oil is increased, the water-oil interface is not clear, the water-oil mixture can be pumped out together by the oil pump, and the oil collecting efficiency is reduced; and a certain flow rate can act on the water-oil filtering structure to cause damage to the PVDF-PES nanofiber membrane. The diversion ring makes inflow flow along the ring, inflow flows into the pontoon through the plurality of annular openings on the upper part, so that the water-oil mixing degree of the water-oil interface is reduced, and meanwhile, the structure inside the pontoon is not impacted.

Preferably, the opening of the accessory shell at the outer end is in a ring shape, the inlet of the ring shape can increase the inflow flow, the change of the inflow section is small, and the inflow is more stable. And the shape of the accessory shell can also prevent the wave on the sea surface from surging.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic overall appearance of the device of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic overall cross-sectional view of the device of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the inflow tube of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the friction nano-generation of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the pontoon structure of the invention.

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the water-oil filtering structure of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a diverter ring according to the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a spar power generation platform of the present invention.

Reference numerals illustrate: 1 is an appendage, 1-1 is an appendage shell, 1-2 is a hydrophobic and oleophilic filtering unit, 1-2-1 is a flow pipe, 1-2-2 is Fusheng sand, 1-2-3 is a protective cover, 1-3 is an appendage power generation platform, 1-3-1 is a nylon membrane, 1-3-2 is a copper electrode, 1-3-3 is acrylic resin, and 1-4 is PTFE balls; 2 is a pontoon, 2-1 is a pontoon structure, 2-1-1 is a pontoon casing, 2-1-2 is a pontoon-platform, 2-1-3 is a pontoon-platform, 2-1-4 is a pontoon-platform, 2-1-5 is a pontoon-platform, 2-2 is an oleophobic hydrophilic filter unit, 2-2-1 is a filter housing, 2-2-2 is a PVDF-PES nanofiber layer, 2-2-3 is a filter inner housing, 2-2-4 is a water pump, 2-3 is a storage battery, 2-4 is a flow guide ring, 2-5 is an oil pump, 2-6 is a water-oil interface detector, 2-7 is PTFE balls, 2-8 is a pontoon power generation platform, 2-9 is a photovoltaic panel, 2-10 is a warning lamp, and 2-11 is an organic glass cover.

Detailed Description

The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Based on the defects of the prior art caused by adopting methods such as oil rope oil enclosing, oil pump oil absorption, chemical agent decomposition and the like to treat ocean spilled oil, the invention provides an ocean spilled oil treatment device for friction nano power generation, which comprises a pontoon, a hydrophobic and oleophilic filtering unit communicated with the inside and the outside of the pontoon, a buffer unit and an oleophobic and hydrophilic filtering unit arranged in the pontoon, and an energy harvesting unit; the hydrophobic and oleophylic filtering unit is arranged on the circumferential surface of the pontoon, performs preliminary filtration on external ocean spilled oil based on a hydrophobic and oleophylic principle, and drains the ocean spilled oil into the pontoon; the buffer unit is in butt joint with the outlet of the hydrophobic and oleophilic filter unit and is used for reducing the flow rate of oil entering the pontoon, so that layering treatment of oil and water is facilitated; the oleophobic hydrophilic filter unit is positioned in the layered water medium, performs secondary filtration on the water medium in the pontoon based on the oleophobic hydrophilic principle, and discharges the filtered water out of the pontoon; the energy harvesting unit is used for providing the whole device with required electric energy.

Specifically, the outer circumferential surface of the pontoon is provided with a plurality of inlets, the periphery of each inlet is provided with an accessory, and a hydrophobic and oleophilic filtering unit and a first energy harvesting unit are arranged in a shell of the accessory; the shell is of a cavity structure with two open ends, one end of the shell is open towards the outside, the other end of the shell is in sealing fit with the peripheral surface of the pontoon, and the inlet of the pontoon corresponding to the shell is covered in the shell; the hydrophobic and oleophylic filter unit is arranged along the lower wall surface of the inner side of the shell and comprises a flow pipe, fushengsha and a protective cover, wherein the Fushengsha and the protective cover are arranged at the inlet of the flow pipe; the inlet of the flow pipe is concentrically and hermetically arranged with the opening at the outer side of the shell, the outlet of the flow pipe is hermetically butted with the inlet of the pontoon, and the inlet position is higher than the outlet position, so that the drainage of external oil is realized; the floating objects except the oil liquid are blocked from entering the flow channel through the protective cover, and the oil liquid entering the inlet of the flow pipe is subjected to preliminary filtration through Fusheng sand.

Specifically, the outer opening end of the shell is in a ring shape, the inner opening end is in a water drop shape, the upper edges of the openings at the two ends and the upper edge of the shell are flush in the horizontal direction, and the lower edges of the openings at the two ends and the lower edge of the shell are in parabolic shapes and bent downwards.

Specifically, the first energy harvesting unit comprises an accessory power generation platform and PTFE balls, wherein multiple layers of accessory power generation platforms are sequentially and horizontally arranged in the shell along the vertical direction, and each accessory power generation platform comprises a nylon membrane, a copper electrode and acrylic resin from top to bottom; and a plurality of PTFE balls are placed on each layer of attached power generation platform, when the PTFE balls and the platform displace, electrons are generated by friction between the PTFE balls and the nylon membrane, electronegativity is presented, the nylon membrane loses positive charges of the electrons, and the copper electrode transports charges to generate current, so that friction nano power generation is completed.

Specifically, the buffer unit is a guide pipeline with a C-shaped section, the guide pipeline is coaxially arranged in the pontoon, a plurality of overflow holes are formed in the top of the guide pipeline, an annular cavity is formed by the guide pipeline and the inner wall of the pontoon, all inlets of the pontoon are covered, oil flowing in each flow pipe is converged in the annular cavity to be buffered and decelerated, and the oil enters the pontoon through the overflow holes to finish layering of oil and water in the oil.

Specifically, the oleophobic hydrophilic filtering unit is positioned below the pontoon and sequentially comprises a filtering outer shell, a PVDF-PES nanofiber layer, a filtering inner shell and a water pump from outside to inside, the top surfaces of the outer shell and the inner shell are of closed structures, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the side walls of the outer shell and the inner shell; the water below the layered filter shell flows through the through hole of the filter shell, the PVDF-PES nanofiber layer and the through hole of the filter inner shell in sequence, and is pumped to a drain pipe which is communicated with the outside of the pontoon by a water pump and then discharged out of the pontoon.

Specifically, the PVDF-PES nanofiber layer is prepared by taking a PVDF-PES nanofiber membrane as a substrate to perform microwave-assisted in-situ growth of carboxymethyl cyclodextrin-titanium dioxide, so as to obtain the super-hydrophilic-underwater super-oleophobic nano layer structure.

Specifically, still be provided with the oil pump in the flotation pontoon, the oil suction port of oil pump extends to the layering back and is located in the oil of top, stores after taking out the oil to the oil drain pipe that leads to outside the flotation pontoon.

Specifically, the energy harvesting unit comprises a first energy harvesting unit, a second energy harvesting unit, a third energy harvesting unit and a storage battery, wherein the second energy harvesting unit is positioned above the buoy and is consistent with the structure and the power generation principle of the first energy harvesting unit; the third energy harvesting unit comprises a photovoltaic panel positioned at the top of the pontoon and is used for converting solar energy into electric energy; the storage battery is respectively communicated with the first energy harvesting unit, the second energy harvesting unit and the third energy harvesting unit, and is used for storing the electric energy generated by the three energy harvesting units and supplying power to the whole device.

Specifically, the pontoon is also provided with a water-oil interface detector, a warning lamp and an organic glass cover; the water-oil interface detector is used for detecting the position of a water-oil interface after layering in the pontoon; the warning lamp is used for displaying the condition of a water-oil interface; when the water-oil interface is positioned at the oleophobic hydrophilic filter unit and the oil pump inlet and the oil level is higher than the oil pump inlet, the warning lamp is a green light; in other cases, the warning lamp emits different lights to display the position states of the water and the oil, and the positions of the water and the oil are regulated by regulating the rotation rates of the water pump and the oil pump; the organic glass cover is transparent, the upper end of the pontoon is sealed, the inner structure of the pontoon is protected, solar energy is conveniently obtained during photovoltaic power generation, and warning light is transmitted to facilitate observation.

The invention solves the problems of large workload and secondary pollution to the ocean environment in ocean oil spill treatment and realizes the green and environment-friendly oil spill treatment with low energy consumption.

The technical scheme is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

Referring to fig. 1, the marine oil spill treatment device for friction nano power generation of the embodiment comprises an appendage 1 and a pontoon 2. The number of the attachment bodies 1 is 4-8, and the attachment bodies are connected to the side surface of the pontoon 2 in a welding mode. The appendage 1 surrounds the pontoon, can improve the wave resistance of the pontoon, and provide a portion of buoyancy.

Referring to fig. 2, the appendage 1 includes an appendage shell 1-1, a hydrophobic and oleophilic filtration unit 1-2, an appendage power generation platform 1-3, and a PTFE ball 1-4.

The accessory shell 1-1 is a shell with a ring-shaped outer end and a drop-shaped inner end. The annular shape of the outer end of the accessory shell 1-1 is flush with the upper edge of the drop shape of the inner end, and the lower edge of the drop shape presents a parabolic shape. The annular inflow port can increase inflow flow, and inflow section change is small, and inflow is more stable. The shape of the appendage shell can also prevent the upwelling of waves on the sea surface.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the hydrophobic and oleophilic filtering unit 1-2 is located inside the accessory shell 1-1 and comprises a flow pipe 1-2-1, fusheng sand 1-2-2 and a protective cover 1-2-3.

The outer port of the flow tube 1-2-1 is in a ring shape, the inner port is in a round shape, the flow tube 1-2-1 is attached to the inner side lower wall surface of the accessory shell 1-1, and the flow tube extends from the outer port of the accessory shell 1-1 to the inlet of the pontoon 2 along the lower edge. The outer port of the flow pipe 1-2-1 is concentrically arranged with the outer port of the accessory shell 1-1, and faces the water surface when in use, so that ocean spilled oil can enter the pontoon along the flow pipe. The flow pipe 1-2-1 is provided with a circle of annular protrusions on the wall surface of the inner side of the Fusheng sand 1-2-2 for fixing the Fusheng sand 1-2-2. The Fusheng sand is in a loop shape, is positioned at the outer side of the loop-shaped bulge of the flow pipe and is attached to the inner wall of the flow pipe. The Fusheng sand is made of aeolian sand in desert, and the surface of aeolian sand is wrapped with a hydrophobic and oleophylic polytetrafluoroethylene and polypropylene mixture, so that the Fusheng sand has the advantages of low relative density, high strength, corrosion resistance and the like, and can be used for filtering water and oil. The polytetrafluoroethylene and polypropylene mixture outside Fusheng sand has the characteristics of hydrophobicity and oleophilicity, the oleophilicity can enable oil in sea water to pass through, the hydrophobicity limits the water passing rate, and the collection of ocean spilled oil is facilitated.

The accessory shell 1-1 and the flow tube 1-2-1 are of complex curve structures, can be manufactured by adopting additive manufacturing technology, and are made of corrosion-resistant high-strength alloy. The flow tube 1-2-1 is connected with the accessory shell 1-1 by means of welding.

The protective cover 1-2-3 is of a net cover structure, the outer edge of the protective cover is in a ring shape and is positioned at the outer side of Fusheng sand 1-2-2. Is used for preventing the blockage of the device caused by the floating objects on the ocean surface and fixing the Fusheng sand 1-2-2 on the inner side. After the Fusheng sand 1-2-2 is placed inside the flow pipe 1-2-1, the protective cover 1-2-3 is welded to the outer end of the flow pipe 1-2-1.

Referring to fig. 4, the attached power generation platform 1-3 comprises a nylon membrane 1-3-1, a copper electrode 1-3-2 and acrylic resin 1-3-3, wherein the nylon membrane 1-3-1 is positioned at the uppermost layer, the copper electrode 1-3-2 is positioned in the middle, and the acrylic resin 1-3-3 is positioned at the lower layer. The accessory power generation platform 1-3 is arranged in the accessory 1 and is 4-6 layers, and curved surfaces of the accessory shell 1-1 and the pipeline 1-2-1 are attached.

The PTFE balls 1-4 are polytetrafluoroethylene balls, and a plurality of PTFE balls 1-4 are placed on each accessory power generation platform 1-3; when disturbance exists, when the PTFE ball and the platform are displaced, the PTFE ball and the nylon membrane are rubbed, electrons are easily obtained by the PTFE ball, electronegativity is presented, the nylon membrane loses positive charges of electrons, the copper electrode conveys charges, current is generated, and friction nano power generation is realized.

Referring to FIG. 5, the pontoon 2 comprises a pontoon structure 2-1, an oleophobic hydrophilic filter unit 2-2, a storage battery 2-3, a diversion loop 2-4, a water pump 2-5, a water-oil interface detector 2-6, PTFE balls 2-7, a pontoon power generation platform 2-8, a photovoltaic panel 2-9, a warning lamp 2-10 and an organic glass cover 2-11.

The pontoon structure 2-1 comprises a pontoon shell 2-1-1, a pontoon first platform 2-1-2, a pontoon second platform 2-1-3, a pontoon third platform 2-1-4 and a pontoon fourth platform 2-1-5 which are all made of corrosion-resistant high-strength alloy materials. The pontoon casing 2-1-1 is a cylindrical casing structure, the side surface of the pontoon casing is welded with the appendage 1, an opening is arranged at the position connected with the outlet of the flow tube 1-2-1, and the shape and the size of the opening are consistent with the section of the outlet at the lower end of the flow tube 1-2-1. Also, an opening is formed at the oil discharge pipeline of the oil pump 2-5, and the opening is matched with the outer wall of the oil discharge pipeline. The pontoon three-platform 2-1-4 and the pontoon four-platform 2-1-5 are provided with circular holes in the middle.

Referring to fig. 6, the oleophobic and hydrophilic filter unit 2-2 comprises a filter outer shell 2-2-1, a PVDF-PES nanofiber layer 2-2-2, a filter inner shell 2-2-3 and a water pump 2-2-4, wherein the oleophobic and hydrophilic filter unit 2-2 is arranged on a pontoon three-platform 2-1-4.

The filtering shell 2-2-1 is a cylindrical shell, the top of the filtering shell is capped, and a plurality of circular holes are formed in the side face of the filtering shell, so that water flow can enter the filtering structure conveniently.

The PVDF-PES nanofiber layer 2-2-2 is positioned inside the filtering outer shell 2-2-1 and is wound on the side surface of the filtering inner shell 2-2-3. The PVDF-PES nanofiber layer is prepared by taking a PVDF-PES nanofiber membrane as a substrate to perform microwave-assisted in-situ growth of carboxymethyl cyclodextrin-titanium dioxide, and has a nano layer structure with proper aperture, high porosity and super-hydrophilic-underwater super-oleophobic property. The water and oil form a natural layered structure inside the pontoon due to the difference in density. The oleophobic hydrophilic filter unit 2-2 is positioned in the water and the PVDF-PES nanofiber layer allows water to pass through and prevents oil from being returned to the ocean again by the water pump due to turbulence or the water-oil interface being below the water-oil filter structure.

The filtering inner shell 2-2-3 is also a cylindrical shell, the top is capped, and a rectangular opening is formed in the side face, so that water flow can pass through conveniently. The filter inner shell is positioned inside the PVDF-PES nanofiber layer 2-2-2, the PVDF-PES nanofiber layer 2-2-2 is wound on the filter inner shell, and the filter inner shell provides support for the PVDF-PES nanofiber layer 2-2-2.

The water pump 2-2-4 is a centrifugal pump, is positioned in the middle of the oleophobic hydrophilic filter unit 2-2, a water inlet is formed in the side surface, a drain pipe penetrates through circular holes of the pontoon three-platform 2-1-4 and the pontoon four-platform 2-1-5, and water is discharged out of the device through rotation of turbine blades.

The storage batteries 2-3 are fan-shaped, have the number of 4-8 and are positioned in the pontoon three-platform 2-1-4 and the pontoon four-platform 2-1-5 and are used for storing electric energy for friction nano power generation and photovoltaic power generation.

Referring to fig. 7, the flow guiding ring 2-4 is an annular structure with a C-shaped section, and is positioned at the outlet of the lower end of the flow pipe 1-2-1, and is provided with a circular opening on the upper surface, and the opening is positioned in the middle of the adjacent flow pipe; the diversion ring channels 2-4 and the inner wall of the pontoon form an annular cavity for buffering the flow speed of the oil flowing into the pontoon. If the diversion loop is not arranged, the fluid with a certain speed directly flows to the middle at the outlet of the pipeline, so that the mixing degree of water and oil is increased, the water-oil interface is not clear, the water-oil mixture can be pumped out together by the oil pump, and the oil collecting efficiency is reduced. And a certain flow rate can act on the water-oil filtering structure to cause damage to the PVDF-PES nanofiber layer. The diversion ring makes inflow flow along the ring, inflow flows into the pontoon through the plurality of annular openings on the upper part, so that the water-oil mixing degree of the water-oil interface is reduced, and meanwhile, the structure inside the pontoon is not impacted.

The oil pump 2-5 is a centrifugal pump and is positioned below the pontoon second platform 2-1-3. The inlet of the oil is positioned at the center of the pontoon 2, extends downwards and is positioned in the oil layer, and the oil pump 2-5 oil discharge pipe extends out from the opening of the pontoon casing 2-1-1. Oil is sucked from the inlet at the lower end to the oil drain pipe by the suction action of the turbine blades and the oil drain pipe is connected to an external floating platform or vessel for storage.

The water-oil interface detector 2-6 is an immersion detector, transmits and receives the emitted battery waves based on the guided wave radar interface monitoring technology, compares the received signals with pulse signals reflected by the surface of the measured medium, calculates the measured distance by utilizing the frequency difference of the two signals, and calculates the position of the water-oil interface. The water-oil interface detector is positioned on the power generation platform at the lowest layer in the pontoon, the lower end of the water-oil interface detector passes through the lowest layer of the pontoon power generation platform 2-8 and the pontoon second platform 2-1-3, and the lowest end of the water-oil interface detector is positioned at the oleophobic hydrophilic filter unit 2-2, so that a large-scale water-oil interface can be measured.

Referring to fig. 8, the PTFE balls 2-7 in the pontoon and the pontoon power generation platform 2-8 are made of the same materials as the PTFE balls 1-4 in the appendage and the appendage power generation platform 1-3, and generate electric energy through friction between the PTFE balls and the power generation platform. The buoy power generation platforms 2-8 are 4-6 layers of circular platforms, each layer of power generation platform is provided with a plurality of PTFE balls 2-7, and adjacent circular platforms are connected at the edge through a cylindrical ring to generate an integral structure. The power generation platform at the lowest layer is positioned on the pontoon second platform 2-1-3, and small holes are formed in the pontoon power generation platform 2-8 at the lowest layer and the pontoon second platform 2-1-3, so that the lower end of the water-oil interface detector 2-6 can conveniently pass through.

The photovoltaic panel 2-9 is positioned above the pontoon-platform 2-1-2 and is paved with the whole pontoon-platform 2-1-2. Photovoltaic panels utilize offshore abundant solar energy to convert it into electrical energy.

The warning lamp 2-10 is positioned in the middle of the pontoon-platform 2-1-2 and is used for displaying the condition of a water-oil interface. When the water-oil interface is positioned at the water-oil filtering structure and the oil pump inlet, and the oil level is higher than the oil pump inlet, the warning lamp is a green light. In other cases, the warning lamp emits different lights to display the position states of the water and the oil, and the positions of the water and the oil are regulated by regulating the rotation rates of the water pump and the oil pump.

The organic glass cover 2-11 is in a dome shape, the upper end of the pontoon 2 is sealed, and the inner structure of the pontoon is protected. The organic glass cover is transparent, solar energy is conveniently obtained during photovoltaic power generation, and light energy emitted by the warning lamp is seen, so that the running state of the device is conveniently monitored.

The assembly sequence of the marine oil spill treatment device for friction nano power generation in the embodiment is as follows:

firstly, the appendage 1 is assembled, fusheng sand 1-2-2 is placed outside a circular bulge at the inlet of the flow pipe 1-2-1, and a protective cover 1-2-3 is welded to the outer end of the inlet of the flow pipe 1-2-1, so that the flow pipe 1-2-1, fusheng sand 1-2-2 and the protective cover 1-2-3 are combined into a hydrophobic and oleophilic filter unit 1-2. The hydrophobic and oleophilic filter unit 1-2 is welded with the accessory shell 1-1, wherein the inlet of the flow tube 1-2-1 and the outer end of the accessory shell 1-1 are positioned on the same plane, and the flow tube 1-2-1 extends along the lower edge of the accessory shell 1-1 to the inner end of the accessory shell 1-1. The multi-layer appendage electricity generating platform 1-3 is installed inside the appendage shell 1-1, and a plurality of PTFE balls 1-4 are placed on each platform, so that the appendage 1 is assembled. The pontoons 2 are then assembled in a bottom-up sequence. The pontoon shell 2-1-1 is welded with the pontoon four-platform 2-1-5, the storage battery 2-3 is arranged on the pontoon four-platform 2-1-5, and the pontoon three-platform 2-1-4 is welded above the storage battery 2-3. The water pump 2-2-4 is arranged and fixed in the middle of the pontoon three platform 2-1-4, and the water drain pipeline of the water pump 2-2-4 passes through the openings in the middle of the pontoon three platform 2-1-4 and the pontoon four platform 2-1-5. The PVDF-PES nanofiber layer 2-2-2 is wound on the side surface of the filtering inner shell 2-2-3 and is installed in the middle of the pontoon three platforms 2-1-4 together, and then the filtering outer shell 2-2-1 is sleeved on the PVDF-PES nanofiber layer 2-2-2. The deflector ring 2-4 is welded to the inner wall of the appendage shell 1-1 and encloses the inflow opening of the appendage shell 1-1 inside, with the upper face of the open loop. The oil pump 2-5 is firstly installed below the pontoon second platform 2-1-3, and the pontoon second platform 2-1-3 is welded with the pontoon casing 2-1-1. When the buoy power generation platform 2-8 is assembled, the water-oil interface detector 2-6 is firstly placed at the lowest layer, a plurality of PTFE balls 2-7 are placed on the platform of each layer, and then the platform of each layer is assembled. And mounting the assembled water-oil interface detector 2-6, PTFE ball 2-7 and pontoon power generation platform 2-8 on the pontoon two platforms 2-1-3. A pontoon-platform 2-1-2 is mounted on the pontoon power generation platform 2-8 and is welded with the pontoon casing 2-1-1. The photovoltaic panel 2-9 is paved on the pontoon-platform 2-1-2, and the warning lamp 2-10 is arranged in the middle of the pontoon-platform 2-1-2. The organic glass cover 2-11 is arranged on the top end of the pontoon casing 2-1-1, so that the pontoon 2 is assembled. Finally, the appendage 1 is welded to the side of the pontoon casing 2-1, and the outflow opening of the flow tube 1-2-1 is aligned with the side opening of the pontoon casing 2-1-1, so that the appendage 1 is integral with the pontoon 2.

The ocean oil spill treatment device of the friction nano power generation of this embodiment generates electricity the principle:

When the friction nano power generation ocean oil spill treatment device operates, the friction nano power generation ocean oil spill treatment device can be disturbed by environmental factors such as waves, ocean currents and wind, and low-frequency shaking occurs. The PTFE ball 1-4 moves on the attached power generation platform 1-3, the nylon membrane 1-3-1 loses electrons in the moving process, the PTFE ball obtains electrons, and the copper electrode 1-3-2 transmits generated current to the storage battery 2-3 through a circuit. The PTFE balls 2-7 in the pontoon and the pontoon power generation platform 2-8 generate current in the same manner and store the current to the storage battery 2-3, and the photovoltaic panel 2-9 converts solar energy into electric energy and stores the electric energy to the storage battery 2-3.

Ocean oil spill treatment principle of the ocean oil spill treatment device for friction nano power generation in the embodiment:

When the device works, both the water surface and the oil surface are positioned in the inlet section of the flow pipe 1-2-1. Under the action of gravitational potential energy of the water-oil mixture and suction of the pump, the water-oil mixture is sucked into the device from the sea surface, and the water is restricted from entering due to the hydrophobic and oleophilic characteristics of Fusheng sand 1-2-2. Because Fusheng sand 1-2-2 is a porous material, part of water enters the device, and the water and the oil need to be separated for the second time. The water-oil mixture flows along the flow pipe 1-2-1 into the diversion ring 2-4 and flows inwards along the annular opening above the ring, and water and oil form natural layering due to density difference. When the water pump 2-2-4 pumps water, the PVDF-PES nanofiber layer 2-2-2 in the oleophobic hydrophilic filter unit 2-2 has the characteristics of oleophobic and hydrophilic properties, allows water to pass through, and prevents oil from returning to the sea water again. The oil pumps 2-5 pump the upper oil to the external floating platform or vessel for the treatment and utilization of spilled oil. The water-oil interface detector 2-6 detects the water surface and the oil surface and judges the positions of the water surface and the oil surface. When the water-oil interface is positioned between the water pump 2-2-4 and the oil pump 2-5 and the oil level is higher than the inlet at the lower end of the oil pump 2-2-4, the water pump 2-2-4 and the oil pump 2-5 are in a normal working state, and the warning lamp 2-10 is green. When the water-oil interface and the oil surface are positioned at other positions, the rotation rates of the water pump 2-2-4 and the oil pump 2-5 need to be regulated, and the warning lamp 2-10 can give different warnings according to specific positions.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives, and variations may be made in the above embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a friction nano power generation's ocean spills oily processing apparatus which characterized in that: the device comprises a pontoon, a hydrophobic and oleophilic filtering unit communicated with the inside and the outside of the pontoon, a buffer unit and an oleophobic and hydrophilic filtering unit arranged in the pontoon, and an energy harvesting unit;

2. The marine oil spill treatment device for friction nano-power generation according to claim 1, wherein: the outer peripheral surface of the pontoon is provided with a plurality of inlets, the periphery of each inlet is provided with an accessory, and a shell of the accessory is internally provided with a hydrophobic and oleophilic filtering unit and a first energy harvesting unit;

3. The marine oil spill treatment device for friction nano-power generation according to claim 2, wherein: the outer opening end of the shell is in a ring shape, the inner opening end of the shell is in a water drop shape, the upper edges of the openings at the two ends and the upper edge of the shell are flush in the horizontal direction, and the lower edges of the openings at the two ends and the lower edge of the shell are in parabolic shapes and bent downwards.

4. The marine oil spill treatment device for friction nano-power generation according to claim 2, wherein: the first energy harvesting unit comprises an accessory power generation platform and PTFE balls, wherein multiple layers of accessory power generation platforms are sequentially and horizontally arranged in the shell along the vertical direction, and each accessory power generation platform comprises a nylon membrane, a copper electrode and acrylic resin from top to bottom; and a plurality of PTFE balls are placed on each layer of attached power generation platform, when the PTFE balls and the platform displace, electrons are generated by friction between the PTFE balls and the nylon membrane, electronegativity is presented, the nylon membrane loses positive charges of the electrons, and the copper electrode transports charges to generate current, so that friction nano power generation is completed.

5. The marine oil spill treatment device for friction nano-power generation according to claim 2, wherein: the buffering unit is a guide pipeline with a C-shaped section, the guide pipeline is coaxially arranged in the pontoon, a plurality of overflow holes are formed in the top of the guide pipeline, an annular cavity is formed between the guide pipeline and the inner wall of the pontoon, all inlets of the pontoon are covered, oil flowing in all flow pipes is converged in the annular cavity for buffering and decelerating, and the oil enters the pontoon through the overflow holes to finish layering of oil and water in the oil.

6. The marine oil spill treatment device for friction nano-power generation according to claim 1, wherein: the oleophobic hydrophilic filter unit is positioned below the pontoon and sequentially comprises a filter outer shell, a PVDF-PES nanofiber layer, a filter inner shell and a water pump from outside to inside, wherein the top surfaces of the outer shell and the inner shell are of closed structures, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the side walls of the outer shell and the inner shell; the water below the layered filter shell flows through the through hole of the filter shell, the PVDF-PES nanofiber layer and the through hole of the filter inner shell in sequence, and is pumped to a drain pipe which is communicated with the outside of the pontoon by a water pump and then discharged out of the pontoon.

7. The marine oil spill treatment device for friction nano-power generation according to claim 6, wherein: the PVDF-PES nanofiber layer is a nano layer structure which is obtained by taking a PVDF-PES nanofiber membrane as a substrate to perform microwave-assisted in-situ growth of carboxymethyl cyclodextrin-titanium dioxide.

8. A friction nano power generation ocean spilled oil treatment device according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein: the buoy is internally provided with an oil pump, an oil suction port of the oil pump extends into oil above the buoy after layering, and the oil is pumped to an oil discharge pipe outside the buoy for storage.

9. The marine oil spill treatment device for friction nano-power generation according to claim 8, wherein: the energy harvesting unit comprises a first energy harvesting unit, a second energy harvesting unit, a third energy harvesting unit and a storage battery, wherein the second energy harvesting unit is positioned above the buoy and is consistent with the structure and the power generation principle of the first energy harvesting unit; the third energy harvesting unit comprises a photovoltaic panel positioned at the top of the pontoon and is used for converting solar energy into electric energy;

10. The marine oil spill treatment device for friction nano-power generation according to claim 9, wherein: the pontoon is also provided with a water-oil interface detector, a warning lamp and an organic glass cover; the water-oil interface detector is used for detecting the position of a water-oil interface after layering in the pontoon;