CN117922080A - Electromagnetic forming device and method for medium-thickness component - Google Patents

Electromagnetic forming device and method for medium-thickness component Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117922080A
CN117922080A CN202410148074.3A CN202410148074A CN117922080A CN 117922080 A CN117922080 A CN 117922080A CN 202410148074 A CN202410148074 A CN 202410148074A CN 117922080 A CN117922080 A CN 117922080A
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electromagnetic
medium
module
stamping
thickness
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于泽成
许秀杰
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东北大学
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of metal plastic forming and manufacturing, and particularly relates to an electromagnetic forming device and method for a medium-thickness component, wherein the device comprises an upper electromagnetic stamping module and a lower electromagnetic stamping module, a working cavity is formed between the upper electromagnetic stamping module and the lower electromagnetic stamping module, and the upper electromagnetic stamping module and the lower electromagnetic stamping module are connected with an electromagnetic stamping power supply module to form a closed loop; the lower electromagnetic stamping module is arranged in the die seat, and the die is arranged at the top end of the die seat; two interactive electromagnetic heating modules are arranged in the working cavity, and are symmetrically fixed at the upper end part of the die seat through support columns, and the electromagnetic heating modules are connected with an electromagnetic heating power supply module to form a closed loop; the inner side of the electromagnetic heating module is provided with the component clamp connected through the fixing frame, and the middle of the component clamp clamps the middle thick plate.

Description

Electromagnetic forming device and method for medium-thickness component
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of metal plastic forming manufacturing, and particularly relates to an electromagnetic forming device and method for a medium-thickness component.
Background
Electromagnetic press forming is a technique for processing and forming a metal material using an electromagnetic field. The method is a non-contact and non-mould forming method, and the shape of the metal material is changed by the force and heat generated by an electromagnetic field. The basic principle of electromagnetic stamping forming is to shape a metal material by utilizing electromagnetic force generated by an electromagnetic field. When a current is passed through the conductor, a magnetic field is generated around it. If a conductor is placed in a magnetic field, the magnetic field will exert a force on the conductor, which force is called an electromagnetic force. In electromagnetic forming, the magnitude and direction of electromagnetic force can be controlled by controlling the magnitude and direction of current and magnetic field, thereby realizing the shaping of metal materials. Electromagnetic forming techniques can be applied to the processing and forming of various metallic materials, such as steel, aluminum, copper, and the like. It can be used for manufacturing various parts and products, such as automobile parts, aerospace parts, electronic equipment parts and the like. Electromagnetic forming techniques have many advantages, such as fast forming speed, high forming accuracy, capability of processing parts of complex shape, low cost, etc. In general, electromagnetic forming is a promising metal working technique that provides a new option for manufacturing high precision, complex shaped parts.
Medium thickness steel components may experience difficulty in cold forming due to the fact that they may not be ductile or deformable at room temperature during cold forming; the stresses applied during cold forming may create residual stresses in the steel component that may affect the dimensional stability and fatigue life of the component and may lead to certain dimensional errors or even to machining breaks. The thermal forming process can solve the problem of residual stress in the forming process, and the residual stress in the material is released and relaxed under the action of a certain temperature, so that the problem of the residual stress of the component in the forming process is effectively reduced. And under the temperature condition, the processing resistance is reduced, so that the processing and forming of the medium-thickness plate are facilitated.
In the electromagnetic forming method of the deep-drawing component disclosed in China patent 201310542952.1, a certain contribution is made to forming of parts with large depth-diameter ratio, but the electromagnetic forming method is not applicable to electromagnetic forming of medium-thickness components, coils are fixed, and efficient electromagnetic forming cannot be realized according to the size and thickness of the components.
The problems of difficult processing, fatigue life and residual stress caused by the processing of the medium-thickness component are more remarkable, and the processing and forming problems of the medium-thickness component are particularly important to solve. Based on present processing problem, this patent proposes to adopt electromagnetism hot stamping forming scheme and rely on electromagnetism hot stamping device, solves the processing shaping problem of medium thickness component to propose the design of modularization coil group, according to the component of different thickness, different sizes, different yield strength, provide the electromagnetic shaping power of different sizes, different application points, energy-concerving and environment-protective and enlarge application scope.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defect that effective machining of a medium-thickness component cannot be realized in the conventional electromagnetic forming, the invention provides an electromagnetic forming device and method for the medium-thickness component.
The electromagnetic forming device for the medium-thickness component comprises an upper electromagnetic stamping module and a lower electromagnetic stamping module, wherein a working cavity is formed between the upper electromagnetic stamping module and the lower electromagnetic stamping module, and the upper electromagnetic stamping module and the lower electromagnetic stamping module are connected with an electromagnetic stamping power supply module to form a closed loop; the lower electromagnetic stamping module is arranged in the die seat, and the die is arranged at the top end of the die seat; two interactive electromagnetic heating modules are arranged in the working cavity, and are symmetrically fixed at the upper end part of the die seat through support columns, and the electromagnetic heating modules are connected with an electromagnetic heating power supply module to form a closed loop; the inner side of the electromagnetic heating module is provided with a component clamp connected through a fixing frame, and the middle of the component clamp clamps the middle thick plate.
The bottom of the component clamp is connected with a screw rod, the screw rod is connected with a servo motor, the servo motor is connected with a driving controller, and the servo motor drives the screw rod to rotate through the driving controller, so that the component clamp is driven to lift, and the heating of components with different thicknesses is realized.
The upper electromagnetic stamping module and the lower electromagnetic stamping module have the same structure, the upper electromagnetic stamping module or the lower electromagnetic stamping module comprises a plurality of electromagnetic stamping coil groups, the electromagnetic stamping coil groups are multi-turn coils, the number of the electromagnetic stamping coil groups is 2-8, and the implementation number is flexibly adjusted according to the thickness and the yield strength of the medium-thickness component.
The electromagnetic heating module comprises a plurality of electromagnetic heating coil groups, the number of the electromagnetic heating coil groups is 1-4, and the implementation number can be flexibly adjusted according to the thickness of the medium-thickness member.
The electromagnetic heating power supply module generates alternating current.
The component clamp, the fixing frame and the supporting column are made of non-magnetic materials, and the outer sides of the lead screw and the servo motor are wrapped with the non-magnetic materials.
An electromagnetic forming method of a medium-thickness component is realized by adopting the device, and comprises the following process steps:
Step 1: the method comprises the steps of fixing a medium-thickness plate by using a component clamp, firstly, not placing a die, matching two electromagnetic heating modules with an appropriate number of electromagnetic heating coil groups, starting an electromagnetic heating power supply module to connect the two electromagnetic heating modules, and heating the medium-thickness plate to a processing temperature by using an electromagnetic induction principle;
step 2: after the medium plate is heated, closing the electromagnetic heating module to avoid magnetic field interference on electromagnetic molding, and placing the die at the top end of the die seat from the side surface of the die seat to place the plate above the die;
step 3: the upper electromagnetic stamping module and the lower electromagnetic stamping module are matched with an appropriate number of electromagnetic stamping coil groups, and the upper electromagnetic stamping module is driven to descend until an appropriate electromagnetic stamping distance is reached;
Step 4: and (3) performing electromagnetic stamping forming, wherein a pulse magnetic field is generated in the vertical direction of the medium-thickness plate in the continuous charging and discharging process, the medium-thickness plate is subjected to electromagnetic force, and the medium-thickness plate is subjected to plastic deformation according to the shape of the die, so that a metal product is obtained.
In the step 1, the processing temperature is 300-600 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
The invention solves the problems of difficult processing, fatigue life and residual stress of the medium-thickness member, integrates two modules of heating and electromagnetic stamping, avoids the problems of inconvenient transportation and movement of the medium-thickness member, and improves the working efficiency; the device can comprehensively and uniformly heat the middle thick plate through electromagnetic heating treatment, reduces the yield strength and the hardness of the middle thick plate, improves the ductility of the middle thick plate, effectively prevents breakage and damage in the forming process, and improves the forming success rate; the invention utilizes the electromagnetic hot stamping technology to reduce the processing difficulty of the medium-thickness component, eliminate the residual stress of the component after processing and improve the fatigue life of the component. And the electromagnetic stamping coil is in modularized design, so that the problem of processing medium-thickness components with different thicknesses and different yield strengths is solved, electromagnetic forming forces with different sizes and different force application points are provided, and the electromagnetic stamping coil has strong pertinence and adaptability, is energy-saving and environment-friendly, and expands the application range.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an electromagnetic forming device for medium-thickness components;
in the accompanying drawings: 1. an electromagnetic stamping power supply module; 2. an electromagnetic heating power module; 3. an electromagnetic heating module; 4. an electromagnetic punching coil set; 5. a component clamp; 6. a mold; 7. a mold base; 8. a support column; 9. a fixing frame; 10. a screw rod; 11. a servo motor; 12. an upper electromagnetic stamping module; 13. and a lower electromagnetic stamping module.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention further with reference to the drawings. The description of these embodiments is provided to assist understanding of the present invention, but is not intended to limit the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the electromagnetic forming device for the medium-thickness component comprises an upper electromagnetic stamping module 12 and a lower electromagnetic stamping module 13, wherein a working cavity is formed between the upper electromagnetic stamping module 12 and the lower electromagnetic stamping module 13, and the upper electromagnetic stamping module 12 and the lower electromagnetic stamping module 13 are connected with an electromagnetic stamping power supply module 1 to form a closed loop; the lower electromagnetic stamping module 13 is arranged in the die seat 7, and the die 6 is arranged at the top end of the die seat 7; the working cavity is internally provided with two electromagnetic heating modules 3 which interact with each other, the electromagnetic heating modules 6 are symmetrically fixed at the upper end part of the die seat 7 through support columns 8, and the electromagnetic heating modules 3 are connected with the electromagnetic heating power supply module 2 to form a closed loop; the inner side of the electromagnetic heating module 3 is provided with a component clamp 5 connected through a fixing frame 9, and the middle of the component clamp 5 clamps the middle thick plate.
The bottom of the component clamp 5 is connected with a lead screw 10, the lead screw 10 is connected with a servo motor 11, the servo motor 11 is connected with a driving controller, and the servo motor 11 is enabled to drive the lead screw 10 to rotate through the driving controller, so that the component clamp 5 is driven to lift, and the heating of thick components with different thicknesses is realized.
The upper electromagnetic stamping module 12 and the lower electromagnetic stamping module 13 have the same structure, the upper electromagnetic stamping module or the lower electromagnetic stamping module comprises a plurality of electromagnetic stamping coil groups 4, the electromagnetic stamping coil groups 4 are multi-turn coils, the number of the electromagnetic stamping coil groups 4 is 2-8, and the implementation number is flexibly adjusted according to the thickness and the yield strength of the medium-thickness component.
The electromagnetic heating module 3 comprises a plurality of electromagnetic heating coil groups, the number of the electromagnetic heating coil groups is 1-4, and the implementation number can be flexibly adjusted according to the thickness of the medium-thickness member.
The electromagnetic heating power supply module 2 generates alternating current.
The component clamp 5, the fixing frame 9 and the supporting column 8 are made of non-magnetic materials, and the outer sides of the lead screw 10 and the servo motor 11 are wrapped with the non-magnetic materials.
Example 1
Taking a high manganese steel plate with the length of 1.5 m, the width of 0.8 m and the thickness of 8 cm and the yield strength of 552MPa as an example, carrying out electromagnetic forming processing, comprising the following process steps:
Step 1: the method comprises the steps that a member fixture 5 is utilized to fix a plate, a die 6 is not placed firstly, two electromagnetic heating modules 3 are matched with an appropriate number of electromagnetic heating coil groups, an electromagnetic heating power supply module 2 is started to be connected with the two electromagnetic heating modules 3, the electromagnetic heating modules are matched with 6 electromagnetic heating coil groups, 3 electromagnetic heating coil groups are respectively arranged on two sides of the plate, and the medium plate is heated to the processing temperature of 450 ℃ by utilizing the electromagnetic induction principle;
Step 2: after the heating of the plate is completed, closing the electromagnetic heating module 2, avoiding magnetic field interference on electromagnetic molding, and placing the die 6 at the top end of the die seat 7 from the side surface of the die seat 7 to place the plate above the die 6;
step 3: the upper electromagnetic stamping module 12 and the lower electromagnetic stamping module 13 are respectively provided with 8 electromagnetic stamping coil groups 4 which are uniformly distributed above and below the plate, and the upper electromagnetic stamping module 12 is driven to descend until the electromagnetic stamping distance is proper;
Step 4: carrying out electromagnetic hot stamping forming, wherein when rapid current passes through the coil, a changing magnetic field is generated, and along with continuous discharge, the coil generates a pulse magnetic field in the vertical direction of the medium-thickness plate, and when the pulse magnetic field passes through the medium-thickness plate, the medium-thickness plate generates induced current to become an electrified body; the medium plate is subjected to the action of magnetic force in a rapidly changing magnetic field, so that the magnetic pressure is larger than the yield strength of the sample, the medium plate is subjected to electromagnetic force moving towards the direction of the die, and the metal sample is subjected to plastic deformation according to the shape of the die, namely electromagnetic forming, so that a metal product is obtained.
At the processing temperature, the yield strength and the hardness of the medium-thickness plate are reduced, the ductility of the medium-thickness plate is improved, the breakage and the damage in the forming process are effectively prevented, the electromagnetic punching force is improved through a plurality of groups of punching coils, and the electromagnetic forming is effectively performed by uniformly pressing the medium-thickness plate at all positions of the steel plate.
Example 2
Taking 304 stainless steel plate with the length of 1.0 meter, the width of 1.0 meter and the thickness of 5 cm and the yield strength of 296MPa as an example, carrying out electromagnetic forming processing, comprising the following process steps:
step1: the method comprises the steps that a member fixture 5 is used for fixing a medium-thickness plate, a die 6 is not placed firstly, two electromagnetic heating modules 3 are matched with an appropriate number of electromagnetic heating coil groups, an electromagnetic heating power supply module 2 is started to connect the two electromagnetic heating modules 3, the electromagnetic heating modules are matched with 4 electromagnetic heating coil groups, 2 plates are respectively arranged on two sides of the plate, and the medium-thickness plate is heated to the processing temperature of 300 ℃ by utilizing an electromagnetic induction principle;
Step 2: after the heating of the plate is completed, closing the electromagnetic heating module 2, avoiding magnetic field interference on electromagnetic molding, and placing the die 6 at the top end of the die seat 7 from the side surface of the die seat 7 to place the plate above the die 6;
Step 3: the upper electromagnetic stamping module 12 and the lower electromagnetic stamping module 13 are respectively provided with 4 electromagnetic stamping coil groups 4 which are uniformly distributed above and below the plate, and the upper electromagnetic stamping module 12 is driven to descend until the electromagnetic stamping distance is proper;
Step 4: carrying out electromagnetic hot stamping forming, wherein when rapid current passes through the coil, a changing magnetic field is generated, and along with continuous discharge, the coil generates a pulse magnetic field in the vertical direction of the medium-thickness plate, and when the pulse magnetic field passes through the medium-thickness plate, the medium-thickness plate generates induced current to become an electrified body; the medium plate is subjected to the action of magnetic force in a rapidly changing magnetic field, so that the magnetic pressure is larger than the yield strength of the sample, the medium plate is subjected to electromagnetic force moving towards the direction of the die, and the metal sample is subjected to plastic deformation according to the shape of the die, namely electromagnetic forming, so that a metal product is obtained.
At the processing temperature, the yield strength and the hardness of the medium-thickness plate are reduced, the ductility of the medium-thickness plate is improved, the breakage and the damage in the forming process are effectively prevented, the electromagnetic punching force is improved through a plurality of groups of punching coils, and the electromagnetic forming is effectively performed by uniformly pressing the medium-thickness plate at all positions of the steel plate.
Example 3
Taking a 316 stainless steel plate with the length of 1.2 m, the width of 0.5 m and the thickness of 3 cm and the yield strength of 326MPa as an example, carrying out electromagnetic forming processing, comprising the following process steps:
step1: the method comprises the steps that a member fixture 5 is used for fixing a medium-thickness plate, a die 6 is not placed firstly, two electromagnetic heating modules 3 are matched with an appropriate number of electromagnetic heating coil groups, an electromagnetic heating power supply module 2 is started to be connected with the two electromagnetic heating modules 3, the electromagnetic heating modules are matched with 6 electromagnetic heating coil groups, 3 electromagnetic heating coil groups are respectively arranged on two sides of the plate, and the medium-thickness plate is heated to the processing temperature of 450 ℃ by utilizing an electromagnetic induction principle;
Step 2: after the heating of the plate is completed, closing the electromagnetic heating module 2, avoiding magnetic field interference on electromagnetic molding, and placing the die 6 at the top end of the die seat 7 from the side surface of the die seat 7 to place the plate above the die 6;
step 3: the upper electromagnetic stamping module 12 and the lower electromagnetic stamping module 13 are respectively matched with 6 electromagnetic stamping coil groups 4, are uniformly distributed above and below the plate, and drive the upper electromagnetic stamping module 12 to descend until the electromagnetic stamping distance is proper;
Step 4: carrying out electromagnetic hot stamping forming, wherein when rapid current passes through the coil, a changing magnetic field is generated, and along with continuous discharge, the coil generates a pulse magnetic field in the vertical direction of the medium-thickness plate, and when the pulse magnetic field passes through the medium-thickness plate, the medium-thickness plate generates induced current to become an electrified body; the medium plate is subjected to the action of magnetic force in a rapidly changing magnetic field, so that the magnetic pressure is larger than the yield strength of the sample, the medium plate is subjected to electromagnetic force moving towards the direction of the die, and the metal sample is subjected to plastic deformation according to the shape of the die, namely electromagnetic forming, so that a metal product is obtained.
At the processing temperature, the yield strength and the hardness of the medium-thickness plate are reduced, the ductility of the medium-thickness plate is improved, the breakage and the damage in the forming process are effectively prevented, the electromagnetic punching force is improved through a plurality of groups of punching coils, and the electromagnetic forming is effectively performed by uniformly pressing the medium-thickness plate at all positions of the steel plate.
According to the invention, different electromagnetic heating modules and electromagnetic stamping modules are assembled according to different thicknesses and different yield strengths of the medium-thickness member, so that uniform heating magnetic fields and electromagnetic forming forces with different sizes and different force application points are provided, the deformed part is completely placed in a magnetic environment for stamping, and the deformed part is processed in an annealing temperature region of most of steel at 300-600 ℃, so that the residual stress of the steel is effectively eliminated, and the forming difficulty of the medium-thickness member is reduced.
The foregoing is a further detailed description of the invention in connection with the preferred embodiments, and it is not intended that the invention be limited to the specific embodiments described. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several simple deductions or substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these should be considered to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. The electromagnetic forming device for the medium-thickness component is characterized by comprising an upper electromagnetic stamping module (12) and a lower electromagnetic stamping module (13), wherein a working cavity is formed between the upper electromagnetic stamping module (12) and the lower electromagnetic stamping module (13), and the upper electromagnetic stamping module (12) and the lower electromagnetic stamping module (13) are connected with an electromagnetic stamping power supply module (1) to form a closed loop; the lower electromagnetic stamping module (13) is arranged in the die seat (7), and a die (6) is arranged at the top end of the die seat (7); two interactive electromagnetic heating modules (3) are arranged in the working cavity, the two electromagnetic heating modules (3) are symmetrically fixed at the upper end part of the die seat (7) through supporting columns (8), and the electromagnetic heating modules (3) are connected with the electromagnetic heating power supply module (1) to form a closed loop; the inner side of the electromagnetic heating module (3) is provided with a component clamp (5) connected through a fixing frame (9), and the middle of the component clamp (5) clamps a middle thick plate.
2. The electromagnetic forming device for the medium-thickness member according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the member fixture (5) is connected with a screw (10), the screw (10) is connected with a servo motor (11), and the servo motor (11) is connected with a driving controller.
3. The electromagnetic forming device for the medium-thickness member according to claim 1, wherein the upper electromagnetic stamping module (12) and the lower electromagnetic stamping module (13) have the same structure, the upper electromagnetic stamping module (12) or the lower electromagnetic stamping module (13) comprises a plurality of electromagnetic stamping coil groups (4), the electromagnetic stamping coil groups (4) are multi-turn coils, and the number of the electromagnetic stamping coil groups (4) is 2-8.
4. The electromagnetic forming device for the medium-thickness member according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic heating module (3) comprises a plurality of electromagnetic heating coil groups, and the number of the electromagnetic heating coil groups is 1-4.
5. An electromagnetic forming device for a medium thickness member according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic heating power module (1) generates an alternating current.
6. The electromagnetic forming device for the medium-thickness component according to claim 1, wherein the component clamp (5), the fixing frame (9) and the supporting column (8) are made of non-magnetic materials.
7. An electromagnetic forming device for medium thickness components according to claim 2, characterized in that the screw (10) and the servo motor (11) are coated with non-magnetic conductive material.
8. An electromagnetic forming method for a medium-thickness component, which is realized by adopting the electromagnetic forming device for the medium-thickness component according to claim 1, and is characterized by comprising the following process steps:
step 1: the method comprises the steps that a member clamp (5) is used for fixing a medium-thickness plate, a die (6) is not placed firstly, two electromagnetic heating modules (3) are matched with an appropriate number of electromagnetic heating coil groups, an electromagnetic heating power supply module (1) is started to be connected with the two electromagnetic heating modules (3), and the medium-thickness plate is heated to the processing temperature by utilizing the electromagnetic induction principle;
step 2: after the medium plate is heated, closing the electromagnetic heating module (3) to avoid magnetic field interference on electromagnetic molding, and placing the die (6) on the top end of the die seat (7) from the side surface of the die seat (7) to enable the plate to be placed above the die (6);
Step 3: the upper electromagnetic stamping module (12) and the lower electromagnetic stamping module (13) are matched with a proper number of electromagnetic stamping coil groups (4), and the upper electromagnetic stamping module (12) is driven to move downwards until a proper electromagnetic stamping distance is reached;
step 4: and (3) performing electromagnetic stamping forming, wherein a pulse magnetic field is generated in the vertical direction of the medium-thickness plate in the continuous charge and discharge process, the medium-thickness plate is subjected to electromagnetic force, and the medium-thickness plate is subjected to plastic deformation according to the shape of the die (6), so that a metal product is obtained.
9. The electromagnetic forming method of a medium thickness structural member according to claim 8, wherein in the step1, the processing temperature is 300 ℃ to 600 ℃.
CN202410148074.3A 2024-02-01 2024-02-01 Electromagnetic forming device and method for medium-thickness component Pending CN117922080A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202410148074.3A CN117922080A (en) 2024-02-01 2024-02-01 Electromagnetic forming device and method for medium-thickness component

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202410148074.3A CN117922080A (en) 2024-02-01 2024-02-01 Electromagnetic forming device and method for medium-thickness component

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CN117922080A true CN117922080A (en) 2024-04-26

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