CN117907090B - Fatigue detection device and method for pestle ring rod - Google Patents
Fatigue detection device and method for pestle ring rod Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application provides a fatigue detection device and a detection method for a pestle ring rod, belonging to the technical field of fatigue performance detection of railway equipment, wherein the detection device comprises: the fatigue detector comprises a fatigue detector main body arranged on a base, wherein a first driving rod of the fatigue detector is flexibly connected with a single-hole earring of a pestle ring rod through a tension cable, and a second driving rod is rigidly connected with a pestle head of the pestle ring rod through a pestle head clamping mechanism; the pestle ring rod horizontal detection mechanism arranged on the base is positioned right below the connecting rod; the pestle ring rod horizontal adjusting mechanism arranged on the base is positioned right below the single-hole earring; the excitation mechanism is arranged above the joint of the single-hole earring and the connecting rod; a plurality of strain gauges are arranged on the pestle ring rod; the application can simulate the stress, vibration and other environments of the pestle ring rod more truly under the actual working condition and no working condition, so that the detection result is more reliable and representative, is beneficial to better evaluating the fatigue performance of the product, and guides the improvement and optimization of the product.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of equipment fatigue performance detection, in particular to a device and a method for detecting fatigue of a pestle ring rod.
Background
The pestle ring rod is called as a pestle ring rod in the industry because one end of the pestle ring rod is a pestle head, the other end of the pestle ring rod is a single Kong Erhuan, and the two ends of the pestle ring rod are connected through a connecting rod.
The pestle ring rod is mainly used for connecting the suspension insulator and the movable pulley, and can also be used for connecting other earring-shaped parts with the pestle seat-shaped parts. It can play the effect that prevents lateral shifting, improves stability. Before the pestle ring bar is used, the sample needs to be subjected to a fatigue load test. In the prior art, no special equipment capable of being directly used for the fatigue test of the pestle ring rod exists, the existing fatigue test equipment is often required to be simply improved to be used for the test of the pestle ring rod, but the improved test equipment cannot truly simulate the actual application scene of the pestle ring rod, and the fatigue detection result of the pestle ring rod cannot be accurately obtained.
Therefore, the detection device for the loop bar of the pestle in the prior art is still to be further improved so as to solve the technical problems that the fatigue test of the loop bar of the pestle is inaccurate and the use state of the loop bar of the pestle cannot be truly simulated.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides a fatigue detection device and a fatigue detection method for a pestle ring rod. The detection efficiency and the effect of the fatigue detection of the pestle ring rod are improved, and the detection device can better simulate the actual use state of the pestle ring rod and provide accurate detection results.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme:
a fatigue detection device for pestle ring pole, characterized by comprising:
The fatigue detector body is arranged on the base and is provided with a first driving rod and a second driving rod which are oppositely arranged; the first driving rod is flexibly connected with the single-hole earring of the pestle ring rod through a tension cable, and the second driving rod is rigidly connected with the pestle head of the pestle ring rod through a pestle head clamping mechanism; the fatigue detector main body is a horizontal fatigue detector, and a welding seam formed by hot bending and welding of the pestle ring rod faces to the base;
The pestle ring rod horizontal detection mechanism is arranged on the base and is positioned right below the connecting rod of the pestle ring rod; the pestle ring rod horizontal adjusting mechanism is arranged on the base and is positioned right below the single-hole earring of the pestle ring rod; the pestle ring rod level detection mechanism is used for detecting whether the pestle ring rod is level or not and sending a detection signal to the control unit, and then the control unit sends an instruction to the pestle ring rod level adjustment mechanism to control the pestle ring rod level adjustment mechanism to rise and fall so as to adjust the level state of the pestle ring rod;
the excitation mechanism is arranged above the joint of the single-hole earring and the connecting rod and is used for simulating the comprehensive load F (t) of wind vibration load and rail vehicle vibration load, and the mathematical expression of the comprehensive load F (t) is as follows:
；
Wherein, B is the amplitude of the vibration, For wind speed,/>For frequency bandwidth,/>For dominant frequency,/>Is the phase angle, C is the amplitude coefficient,/>A random noise signal representing train vibration noise, t being time;
Be provided with a plurality of foil gauges on the pestle ring pole, be located the junction of single hole earring and connecting rod, the intermediate position of connecting rod and the junction of pestle head and connecting rod respectively, a plurality of foil gauges are connected with the control unit electricity.
In some technical schemes, the random noise signal specific expression of the train vibration noise can adopt a Gaussian white noise model.
In some technical schemes, pestle ring pole level detection mechanism includes: a first displacement sensor, a second displacement sensor, and a turntable; the rotary table is rotatably arranged on the base, the first displacement sensor and the second displacement sensor are symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the rotary table relative to the rotary shaft of the rotary table, the first displacement sensor is used for detecting the distance between the cylindrical surface on the left side of the connecting rod and the first displacement sensor, the second displacement sensor is used for detecting the distance between the cylindrical surface on the right side of the connecting rod and the second displacement sensor, and the first displacement sensor and the second displacement sensor transmit measured data to the control unit for processing; the control unit takes an absolute value after making a difference between the minimum value in the distance values detected by the first displacement sensor and the minimum value in the distance values detected by the second displacement sensor; comparing the value with a preset threshold value, and if the value is smaller than the preset threshold value, considering that the pestle ring rod is in a horizontal state; if the height of the loop bar is larger than the set threshold value, the control unit sends an instruction to the loop bar horizontal adjustment mechanism to control the lifting of the loop bar horizontal adjustment mechanism so as to adjust the horizontal state of the loop bar.
Preferably, the pestle ring rod level adjustment mechanism employs an electronically controlled drive device, such as a servo motor system or a stepper motor system.
Preferably, the first displacement sensor and the second displacement sensor are non-contact photoelectric displacement sensors.
Preferably, the turntable rotatably provided on the base is replaced with a rotary cross member.
In some technical schemes, a force application mechanism is arranged in the single-hole earring, the force application mechanism is in a semicircular shape, a first tension cable groove and a second tension cable groove for accommodating a tension cable are formed in the semicircular ring along the axis direction of the force application mechanism, and a mounting groove matched with the inner circular arc shape of the single Kong Erhuan is formed in the outer side of the semicircular ring.
In some embodiments, the pestle head holding mechanism comprises: the first pestle head clamp and the second pestle head clamp; the inner parts of the front ends of the first pestle head clamp and the second pestle head clamp are provided with a pestle head for accommodating the pestle ring rod and a containing cavity for accommodating a small part of the connecting rod, the shape of the containing cavity is consistent with that of the connecting rod and the pestle head, but the size of the containing cavity is slightly larger than that of the connecting rod and the pestle head; the top and the bottom of the first pestle head clamp and the second pestle head clamp are respectively provided with a pair of threaded holes, and the first pestle head clamp and the second pestle head clamp are fixedly connected through threaded holes by a screw rod; the rear ends of the first pestle head clamp and the second pestle head clamp are respectively provided with a first clamping plate and a second clamping plate, and the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate can be fixedly connected with the second driving rod through holes arranged on the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate.
According to another aspect of the present application, the present application further provides a method for detecting fatigue of a pestle ring bar, the method using the fatigue detection device for a pestle ring bar, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) Selecting samples from the pestle ring bars to be used, wherein at least two pestle ring bar samples with each size are selected;
(2) Cleaning and treating the sample surface to remove oxides or other surface contaminants;
(3) The method comprises the steps of installing a pestle ring rod sample to be tested on a pestle ring rod fatigue detection device, and arranging a strain gauge on the pestle ring rod sample to be tested;
(4) The control unit sends an instruction, the pestle ring rod horizontal detection mechanism starts to detect whether the pestle ring rod sample to be detected is in a horizontal state, if the pestle ring rod sample to be detected is in the horizontal state, the control unit carries out the next step, otherwise, the control unit sends the instruction to the pestle ring rod horizontal adjustment mechanism to control the lifting of the pestle ring rod horizontal adjustment mechanism so as to adjust the horizontal state of the pestle ring rod sample to be detected, and the step (4) is executed again;
(5) The fatigue detection machine main body applies fatigue alternating load to the pestle ring rod sample to be detected, and meanwhile, the excitation mechanism applies comprehensive load to the position right above the hot bending welding position of the pestle ring rod sample to be detected;
(6) If the fatigue times are reached or the fatigue times are not reached but the pestle ring rod sample to be tested is broken or cracked, stopping fatigue detection;
(7) Analyzing the detection data, drawing a stress-cycle number (S-N) curve, and generating an evaluation report.
The application has the following advantages:
(1) The pestle ring rod fatigue detection device and the pestle ring rod fatigue detection method can simulate the stress, vibration and other environments of the pestle ring rod under the actual working condition more truly, so that the detection result is more reliable and representative;
(2) The application can simulate the stress and vibration conditions of the pestle ring rod under various different working conditions, which is helpful for evaluating the fatigue performance of the pestle ring rod under different working conditions and improves the detection comprehensiveness and practicality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a prior art pestle ring rod;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a fatigue detection device for a pestle ring bar;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a loop bar level detection mechanism;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a loop bar level detection mechanism;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a loop bar element Kong Erhuan;
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a pestle head clamping mechanism;
1. The fatigue detector comprises a loop rod, 2, a fatigue detector body, 3, a first driving rod, 4, a tension cable, 5, a loop head clamping mechanism, 6, a second driving rod, 7, a loop rod horizontal adjusting mechanism, 8, a loop rod horizontal detecting mechanism, 9, a turntable, 10, a rotary beam, 11, a loop head, 12, a single Kong Erhuan, 13, a connecting rod, 14, a first displacement sensor, 15, a second displacement sensor, 16, a force applying mechanism, 17, an excitation mechanism, 18, a base, 51, a first loop head clamp, 52, a second loop head clamp, 53, a threaded hole, 54, a second clamp plate, 55, a first clamp plate, 161, a first tension cable groove, 162, a second tension cable groove, 163 and a mounting groove.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure more apparent, the present application will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the depicted embodiments are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present disclosure; the technical scheme of the present disclosure is described in detail below with specific embodiments. The following embodiments may be combined with each other, and some embodiments may not be repeated for the same or similar concepts or processes. Based on the embodiments in this disclosure, all other embodiments that a person of ordinary skill in the art would obtain without making any inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only some, but not all of the drawings related to the present application are shown.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a pestle ring rod 1 in the prior art. The pestle ring rod 1 comprises: a pestle head 11, a single hole earring 12 and a connecting rod 13 connecting the pestle head 11 and the single Kong Erhuan. The joint of the single Kong Erhuan and the connecting rod 13 is provided with a welding seam.
In prior art test equipment, only the breaking load of the pestle ring bar and the maximum working load are typically of concern. Although the test is installed according to the using state of the loop bar in the test as much as possible, because no automatic means is available, the operator can only evaluate whether the loop bar is installed in place by experience, which leads to a larger deviation of the test result; moreover, the existing testing means have insufficient attention to the welding seam, which also causes a plurality of potential safety hazards. The application judges the installation condition of the pestle ring rod by an automatic means and focuses attention on the strength of the welding seam at the joint of the single-hole earring 12 and the connecting rod.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a fatigue detection device for a pestle ring rod. The application relates to a fatigue detection device for a pestle ring rod, which comprises:
A fatigue detector body 2 provided on a base 18, the fatigue detector body 2 having a first drive lever 3 and a second drive lever 6 provided opposite to each other; the first driving rod 3 is flexibly connected with a single-hole earring 12 of the pestle ring rod 1 through a tension cable 4, and the second driving rod 6 is rigidly connected with a pestle head 11 of the pestle ring rod 1 through a pestle head clamping mechanism 5; the fatigue detector main body 2 is a horizontal fatigue detector, and a welding seam formed by hot bending welding of the pestle ring rod 1 faces to the base 18 (or a bending end of the hot bending welding faces to the base 18);
the pestle ring rod horizontal detection mechanism 8 is arranged on the base 18 and is positioned right below the connecting rod 13 of the pestle ring rod 1; the pestle ring rod horizontal adjustment mechanism 7 is arranged on the base 18 and is positioned right below the single-hole earring 12 of the pestle ring rod 1; the pestle ring rod level detection mechanism 8 is used for detecting whether the pestle ring rod 1 is level or not, sending a detection signal to the control unit, and then sending an instruction to the pestle ring rod level adjustment mechanism 7 by the control unit to control the lifting of the pestle ring rod to adjust the level state of the pestle ring rod 1;
The excitation mechanism 17 is arranged above the joint of the single-hole earring 12 and the connecting rod 13, the excitation mechanism 17 is used for simulating the comprehensive load F (t) of wind vibration load and rail vehicle vibration load, and the mathematical expression of the comprehensive load F (t) is as follows:
；
Wherein, B is the amplitude of the vibration, For wind speed,/>For frequency bandwidth,/>For dominant frequency,/>Is the phase angle, C is the amplitude coefficient,/>Is a random noise signal representing vibration noise of the train, and t is time.
The pestle ring rod 1 is provided with a plurality of strain gauges which are respectively positioned at the joint of the single-hole earring 12 and the connecting rod 13, the middle position of the connecting rod 13 and the joint of the pestle head 11 and the connecting rod 13, and the strain gauges are electrically connected with the control unit.
The random noise signal specific expression of the train vibration noise can adopt a Gaussian white noise model. White gaussian noise is a random process with a constant power spectral density. In the time domain, its expression can be found in diracAnd (5) expressing functions.
At present, the length of a pestle ring rod used for an electrified railway is generally more than one meter, even the long pestle ring rod can reach nearly three meters long, if a vertical fatigue detector is used for testing the pestle ring rod and does not accord with the application scene of the vertical fatigue detector, a horizontal fatigue detector is used for testing the pestle ring rod, the pestle ring rod is often in a bending state due to the fact that the length of the pestle ring rod is too long and the clamping of a clamp is not in place, the pestle ring rod is not in a complete horizontal state, the measurement result of alternating fatigue load applied by the fatigue detector is influenced, and the detection result is inaccurate. Accordingly, the present application addresses this problem by providing a pestle ring lever level detection mechanism 8 and a pestle ring lever level adjustment mechanism 7.
As shown in fig. 3, the pestle ring lever level detection mechanism 8 includes: a first displacement sensor 14, a second displacement sensor 15 and a turntable 9; the turntable 9 is rotatably arranged on the base 18, the first displacement sensor 14 and the second displacement sensor 15 are symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the turntable 9 relative to the rotation axis of the turntable 9, the first displacement sensor 14 is used for detecting the distance between the cylindrical surface on the left side of the connecting rod 13 and the first displacement sensor 14, the second displacement sensor 15 is used for detecting the distance between the cylindrical surface on the right side of the connecting rod 13 and the second displacement sensor 15 (the displacement sensors can densely collect a plurality of displacement values continuously), and the first displacement sensor 14 and the second displacement sensor 15 transmit measured data to the control unit for processing. The control unit takes an absolute value after making a difference between the minimum value of the distance values detected by the first displacement sensor 14 and the minimum value of the distance values detected by the second displacement sensor 15; comparing the value with a preset threshold value, and if the value is smaller than the preset threshold value (for example, the threshold value is 0.05 cm), considering that the pestle ring rod is in a horizontal state; if the threshold value is larger than the set threshold value, the control unit sends a command to the loop bar horizontal adjustment mechanism 7 to control the lifting of the loop bar horizontal adjustment mechanism 7 so as to adjust the horizontal state of the loop bar 1.
The pestle ring rod horizontal adjustment mechanism 7 adopts an electric control driving device, such as a servo motor system or a stepping motor system. Servo systems typically have fast response times and high control accuracy. The stepping motor controls rotation through an accurate stepping angle, and accurate control of the lifting system can be achieved through an appropriate driver and a controller.
In the present application, since the displacement sensor needs to rapidly detect displacement data, the first displacement sensor 14 and the second displacement sensor 15 are preferably selected from noncontact photoelectric displacement sensors, and the photoelectric displacement sensors have the following advantages: (1) The non-contact photoelectric displacement sensor has high measurement precision and can provide accurate displacement measurement; (2) The photoelectric displacement sensor has quick response time because of no need of directly contacting with a target object, and is suitable for a moving measurement scene; (3) The photoelectric sensor has no special requirement on the material of the measured object, and can adapt to different surface characteristics.
In addition, it should be noted that in some special test scenarios, the control unit may not independently control the lifting of the pestle ring rod level adjustment mechanism 7 according to the signal of the pestle ring rod level detection mechanism 8, so as to change the direction of the load of the first driving rod 3 of the fatigue detector main body 2 acting on the single Kong Erhuan, thereby enriching different test scenarios of the pestle ring rod in the fatigue detection.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the pestle ring rod level detection mechanism, and compared with the pestle ring rod level detection mechanism shown in fig. 3, the turntable 9 rotatably arranged on the base is replaced by a rotary cross beam 10. The advantage of the rotary cross beam 10 is that the space occupied by the turntable 9 can be reduced, and the rotary cross beam 10 can perform small-amplitude reciprocating rotation relative to the connecting rod 13 (ensuring that the first displacement sensor 14 can detect the left side of the connecting rod 13 and the second displacement sensor 15 can detect the right side of the connecting rod 13).
The excitation mechanism 17 is used to simulate the combined load F (t) of wind vibration load and rail vehicle vibration load. In order to determine the position of the combined load action, the application uses finite element analysis software to establish a structural model for simulating wind vibration load and rail vehicle vibration load; setting load conditions for simulating wind vibration load and rail vehicle vibration load in the model; adding an excitation mechanism to the model, typically modeled as a dynamic load or simulated by introducing corresponding mass points, springs and damping into the model; the action position of the excitation mechanism is determined by modal analysis; and in the analysis, the finite element model is verified and corrected by combining detection data so as to improve the simulation accuracy. The analysis shows that the hot bending welding position of the pestle ring rod 1 is the weakest point (frequently subjected to external loads such as vibration, impact and fatigue) and is most easily influenced by external factors, and is also the most suitable as the optimal action position of the excitation mechanism.
The design of adopting one end flexible connection, one end rigid connection in the pestle ring pole fatigue detection device can adapt to complicated operating mode better. The flexible connection can better simulate the application scene of real engineering (the detection result is more reliable and representative), and the anti-interference capability in the detection of the pestle ring rod can be improved. The flexible connection may also form a transition region at the connection, reducing abrupt changes in stress.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another force application mode of the single-hole earring 12 of the pestle ring rod 1, compared with the force application mode of the single-hole earring 12 single-tension cable 4 in fig. 2, one force application mechanism 16 is arranged in the single-hole earring 12 in fig. 5, and two tension cables 14 can act on the single-hole earring 12 of the pestle ring rod 1 through two stress points by the force application mechanism 16. The two stress points can provide more uniform stress distribution, which is helpful for balancing the overall stress of the single-hole earring; by uniformly distributing the stress on a plurality of points, the load of each stress point can be reduced, the possibility of deformation of the single-hole earrings 12 is reduced, and the practical application scene of the pestle ring rod is more met.
The force application mechanism 16 is in a semicircular shape, a first tension cable groove 161 and a second tension cable groove 162 for accommodating the tension cable 4 are arranged in the semicircular ring along the axial direction of the force application mechanism, and a mounting groove 163 which is matched with the inner circular arc shape of the single Kong Erhuan is arranged on the outer side of the semicircular ring. The two tension cables 4 connected with the first driving rod 3 apply load to the single-hole earrings 12 of the loop pestle rod 2 through the first tension cable groove 161 and the second tension cable groove 162 of the force application mechanism 16, and the force application mechanism 16 can balance the overall stress of the single Kong Erhuan, so that the stress mode of the single Kong Erhuan better accords with the practical application scene of the loop pestle rod.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the head holding mechanism 5, fig. 6 (a) is a front view of the head holding mechanism 5, fig. 6 (b) is a top view of the head holding mechanism 5, and fig. 6 (c) is a side view of the head holding mechanism 5. The pestle head clamping mechanism 5 comprises: a first pestle head fixture 51 and a second pestle head fixture 52; the front ends of the first and second pestle clamps 51 and 52 are internally provided with accommodating cavities for accommodating the pestles 11 and a small part of the connecting rods 13 of the pestle ring rod 1, the shapes of the accommodating cavities are consistent with those of the connecting rods 13 and the pestles 11, but the sizes of the accommodating cavities are slightly larger than those of the connecting rods 13 and the pestles 11; the top and bottom of the first and second pestle head fixtures 51 and 52 are respectively provided with a pair of threaded holes 53, and the first and second pestle head fixtures 51 and 52 are fixedly connected through threaded holes 53 by screws; the rear ends of the first and second pestle head fixtures 51 and 52 are respectively provided with a first clamping plate 55 and a second clamping plate 54, and the first and second clamping plates 55 and 54 can be fixedly connected with the second driving rod 6 through holes provided therein.
A pestle ring rod fatigue detection method comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting samples from the pestle ring bars to be used, wherein at least two pestle ring bar samples with each size are selected;
(2) Cleaning and treating the sample surface to remove oxides or other surface contaminants (to ensure that the test results are not affected by external factors);
(3) The method comprises the steps of installing a pestle ring rod sample to be tested on a pestle ring rod fatigue detection device, and arranging strain gauges on a pestle ring rod 1;
(4) The control unit sends an instruction, the pestle ring rod horizontal detection mechanism 8 starts to detect whether the pestle ring rod sample to be detected is in a horizontal state, if the pestle ring rod sample to be detected is in the horizontal state, the next step is carried out, otherwise, the control unit sends an instruction to the pestle ring rod horizontal adjustment mechanism 7 to control the lifting of the pestle ring rod horizontal adjustment mechanism 7 to adjust the horizontal state of the pestle ring rod 1, and the step (4) is executed again;
(5) The fatigue detection machine main body 2 applies fatigue alternating load (the load amplitude, the load frequency and the fatigue frequency of the fatigue alternating load can be adjusted according to actual detection requirements on the basis of industry standards) to the pestle ring rod sample to be detected, and meanwhile, the excitation mechanism 17 applies comprehensive load to the position right above the hot bending welding position of the pestle ring rod sample to be detected;
(6) If the fatigue times are reached or the fatigue times are not reached but the pestle ring rod sample to be tested is broken or cracked (the breaking or cracking possibly occurs at the connecting rod 13 or the single-hole earring 12 (especially the welding place)), the fatigue detection is stopped;
(7) Analyzing the detection data, drawing a stress-cycle number (S-N) curve, and generating an evaluation report.
The pestle ring rod fatigue detection device and the pestle ring rod fatigue detection method can simulate the stress, vibration and other environments of the pestle ring rod under the actual working condition more truly, so that the detection result is more reliable and representative; the application can simulate the stress and vibration conditions of the pestle ring rod under various different working conditions, which is helpful for evaluating the fatigue performance of the pestle ring rod under different working conditions and improves the detection comprehensiveness and practicality. These advantages help to better evaluate the fatigue performance of the product, guiding product improvement and optimization.
Note that all features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings) may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise. Thus, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature disclosed is one example only of a generic set of equivalent or similar features. Where used, further, preferably, still further and preferably, the brief description of the other embodiment is provided on the basis of the foregoing embodiment, and further, preferably, further or more preferably, the combination of the contents of the rear band with the foregoing embodiment is provided as a complete construct of the other embodiment. A further embodiment is composed of several further, preferably, still further or preferably arrangements of the strips after the same embodiment, which may be combined arbitrarily.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application, but the present application is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalents may be substituted for some of the technical features thereof. Any modifications and equivalent substitutions are intended to be included within the scope of the present application, which is also encompassed within the spirit and principles of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. A fatigue detection device for pestle ring pole, characterized by comprising:
The fatigue detector body is arranged on the base and is provided with a first driving rod and a second driving rod which are oppositely arranged; the first driving rod is flexibly connected with the single-hole earring of the pestle ring rod through a tension cable, and the second driving rod is rigidly connected with the pestle head of the pestle ring rod through a pestle head clamping mechanism; the fatigue detector main body is a horizontal fatigue detector, and a welding seam formed by hot bending and welding of the pestle ring rod faces to the base;
The pestle ring rod horizontal detection mechanism is arranged on the base and is positioned right below the connecting rod of the pestle ring rod; the pestle ring rod horizontal adjusting mechanism is arranged on the base and is positioned right below the single-hole earring of the pestle ring rod; the pestle ring rod level detection mechanism is used for detecting whether the pestle ring rod is level or not and sending a detection signal to the control unit, and then the control unit sends an instruction to the pestle ring rod level adjustment mechanism to control the pestle ring rod level adjustment mechanism to rise and fall so as to adjust the level state of the pestle ring rod;
the excitation mechanism is arranged above the joint of the single-hole earring and the connecting rod and is used for simulating the comprehensive load F (t) of wind vibration load and rail vehicle vibration load, and the mathematical expression of the comprehensive load F (t) is as follows:
；
Wherein, B is the amplitude of the vibration, For wind speed,/>For frequency bandwidth,/>For dominant frequency,/>Is the phase angle, C is the amplitude coefficient,A random noise signal representing train vibration noise, t being time;
Be provided with a plurality of foil gauges on the pestle ring pole, be located the junction of single hole earring and connecting rod, the intermediate position of connecting rod and the junction of pestle head and connecting rod respectively, a plurality of foil gauges are connected with the control unit electricity.
2. The fatigue detection apparatus for a loop bar as claimed in claim 1, wherein the random noise signal of the vibration noise of the train uses a gaussian white noise model.
3. The fatigue detection apparatus for a loop bar of claim 1, wherein the loop bar level detection mechanism comprises: a first displacement sensor, a second displacement sensor, and a turntable; the rotary table is rotatably arranged on the base, the first displacement sensor and the second displacement sensor are symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the rotary table relative to the rotary shaft of the rotary table, the first displacement sensor is used for detecting the distance between the cylindrical surface on the left side of the connecting rod and the first displacement sensor, the second displacement sensor is used for detecting the distance between the cylindrical surface on the right side of the connecting rod and the second displacement sensor, and the first displacement sensor and the second displacement sensor transmit measured data to the control unit for processing; the control unit takes an absolute value after making a difference between the minimum value in the distance values detected by the first displacement sensor and the minimum value in the distance values detected by the second displacement sensor; comparing the value with a preset threshold value, and if the value is smaller than the preset threshold value, considering that the pestle ring rod is in a horizontal state; if the height of the loop bar is larger than the set threshold value, the control unit sends an instruction to the loop bar horizontal adjustment mechanism to control the lifting of the loop bar horizontal adjustment mechanism so as to adjust the horizontal state of the loop bar.
4. The fatigue detection apparatus for a loop bar of claim 1, wherein the loop bar level adjustment mechanism employs an electronically controlled drive.
5. The fatigue detection apparatus for a pestle ring bar of claim 3, wherein the first displacement sensor and the second displacement sensor are selected from non-contact photoelectric displacement sensors.
6. A fatigue testing device for a pestle ring bar according to claim 3, wherein the turntable rotatably mounted on the base is replaceable with a rotatable cross member.
7. The fatigue testing device for a pestle ring rod according to claim 1, wherein a force application mechanism is arranged in the single Kong Er ring, the force application mechanism is in a semicircular ring shape, a first tension cable groove and a second tension cable groove for accommodating a tension cable are arranged in the semicircular ring along the axis direction of the force application mechanism, and a mounting groove which is matched with the inner circular arc shape of the single Kong Erhuan is arranged on the outer side of the semicircular ring.
8. The fatigue detection apparatus for a loop bar of claim 1, wherein the head holding mechanism comprises: the first pestle head clamp and the second pestle head clamp; the inner parts of the front ends of the first pestle head clamp and the second pestle head clamp are provided with a pestle head for accommodating the pestle ring rod and a containing cavity for accommodating a small part of the connecting rod, the shape of the containing cavity is consistent with that of the connecting rod and the pestle head, but the size of the containing cavity is larger than that of the connecting rod and the pestle head; the top and the bottom of the first pestle head clamp and the second pestle head clamp are respectively provided with a pair of threaded holes, and the first pestle head clamp and the second pestle head clamp are fixedly connected through threaded holes by a screw rod; the rear ends of the first pestle head clamp and the second pestle head clamp are respectively provided with a first clamping plate and a second clamping plate, and the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate can be fixedly connected with the second driving rod through holes arranged on the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate.
9. A method of detecting fatigue of a loop bar using a fatigue detection device for a loop bar as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) Selecting samples from the pestle ring bars to be used, wherein at least two pestle ring bar samples with each size are selected;
(2) Cleaning and treating the surface of the sample to remove oxides or surface contaminants;
(3) The method comprises the steps of installing a pestle ring rod sample to be tested on a pestle ring rod fatigue detection device, and arranging a strain gauge on the pestle ring rod sample to be tested;
(4) The control unit sends an instruction, the pestle ring rod horizontal detection mechanism starts to detect whether the pestle ring rod sample to be detected is in a horizontal state, if the pestle ring rod sample to be detected is in the horizontal state, the control unit carries out the next step, otherwise, the control unit sends the instruction to the pestle ring rod horizontal adjustment mechanism to control the lifting of the pestle ring rod horizontal adjustment mechanism so as to adjust the horizontal state of the pestle ring rod sample to be detected, and the step (4) is executed again;
(5) The fatigue detection machine main body applies fatigue alternating load to the pestle ring rod sample to be detected, and meanwhile, the excitation mechanism applies comprehensive load to the position right above the hot bending welding position of the pestle ring rod sample to be detected;
(6) If the fatigue times are reached or the fatigue times are not reached but the pestle ring rod sample to be tested is broken or cracked, stopping fatigue detection;
(7) Analyzing the detection data, drawing a stress-cycle number curve, and generating an evaluation report.
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