CN117904626A - Wear-resistant high-temperature-resistant high-conductivity coating and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Wear-resistant high-temperature-resistant high-conductivity coating and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117904626A CN117904626A CN202410099584.6A CN202410099584A CN117904626A CN 117904626 A CN117904626 A CN 117904626A CN 202410099584 A CN202410099584 A CN 202410099584A CN 117904626 A CN117904626 A CN 117904626A
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- WUUZKBJEUBFVMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper molybdenum Chemical compound [Cu].[Mo] WUUZKBJEUBFVMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical group [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012799 electrically-conductive coating Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910001182 Mo alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001008 7075 aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010288 cold spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 lanthanide rare earth Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention relates to a wear-resistant high-temperature-resistant high-conductivity coating, which is a three-dimensional reticular structure coating prepared from 98.9-99.2% of copper-molybdenum powder and 0.8-1.1% of rare earth powder by mass percent; the copper powder accounts for 36.8-56.7% of the total mass of the copper-molybdenum powder, and the molybdenum powder accounts for 43.3-63.2% of the total mass of the copper-molybdenum powder. Meanwhile, the invention also discloses a preparation method of the coating. The three-dimensional network structure copper-molybdenum composite coating prepared by the invention has the advantages of high hardness, good conductivity, high temperature resistance, low wear rate and the like, can be used for sliding parts under high-temperature complex working conditions, can be used for sliding parts under current-carrying working conditions, and has important application prospects in the fields of electric power sources, aerospace, rail transit and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of material surface modification, in particular to a wear-resistant high-temperature-resistant high-conductivity coating and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Copper and copper alloys are widely used in the fields of electric power, aerospace, rail transit and the like, such as various conductive contacts, brushes, pantograph slides of high-speed trains, electromagnetic gun guide rails, conductive slip rings and the like, due to excellent electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance. However, friction heat is generated in the sliding process of the workpiece, and joule heat is generated in a current-carrying environment, so that service conditions are worse. Copper and copper alloys have the defects of low strength, high wear rate and the like under high temperature conditions, so the development of novel copper alloys and surface coating technology is the most effective means for solving the wear resistance problem of copper alloys under extremely severe environments such as high temperature, high load, high speed, current carrying and the like.
Copper molybdenum alloys are a two-phase immiscible pseudo alloy. The pure molybdenum has the advantages of high conductivity (33% IACS) and is expected to prepare the wear-resistant high-temperature-resistant copper-molybdenum alloy with good conductivity because the molybdenum has the advantages of high melting point, high hardness, good high-temperature stability, good wear resistance and the like. Patent CN108546864a discloses a composition of copper-molybdenum alloy for wire, which regulates the durability, folding endurance and conductivity of copper alloy by adding silver, aluminum, nickel, silicon and lanthanide rare earth into the alloy. However, the alloy is complex in composition, high in cost due to the addition of a high content of silver, and uncertain in wear resistance.
In the aspect of surface coating technology, methods widely adopted at present are laser cladding, thermal spraying, cold spraying and the like. The patent CN106282884A prepares a high-conductivity wear-resistant nickel-based alloy coating for the guide rail through plasma spraying, the conductivity is 5-12% IACS, the binding force is 20-35 MPa, but the conductivity is lower, and the wear resistance is not mentioned.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wear-resistant high-temperature-resistant high-conductivity coating with good performance.
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of the wear-resistant high-temperature-resistant high-conductivity coating.
In order to solve the problems, the wear-resistant high-temperature-resistant high-conductivity coating provided by the invention is characterized in that: the coating is a three-dimensional network structure coating prepared from 98.9-99.2% of copper-molybdenum powder and 0.8-1.1% of rare earth powder by mass percent; the copper powder accounts for 36.8-56.7% of the total mass of the copper-molybdenum powder, and the molybdenum powder accounts for 43.3-63.2% of the total mass of the copper-molybdenum powder.
The coating has a resistivity of 3.2×10 -8Ωm ~6.3×10-8 Ω m, a wear rate of 3.1×10 -5mm3N-1m-1~35.1×10-5mm3N-1m-1 in the temperature range of room temperature to 500 ℃ and a wear rate of 3.7×10 -5mm3N-1m-1~4.5×10-5mm3N-1m-1 in the current range of 0 to 20A.
The copper powder and the molybdenum powder are spherical powder, the purity of the powder is more than or equal to 99.9%, and the particle size is 15-50 mu m.
The rare earth powder is cerium oxide powder with the purity more than or equal to 99.9 percent.
The preparation method of the wear-resistant high-temperature-resistant high-conductivity coating is characterized by comprising the following steps of: firstly, weighing according to the proportion; and mechanically mixing the copper-molybdenum powder and the rare earth powder for 4-8 hours, and finally preparing the wear-resistant high-temperature-resistant high-conductivity copper-molybdenum composite coating on the copper matrix by a laser cladding method.
The laser cladding condition means that the laser power is 1.8-2.2 Kw, the defocusing amount is 0-1 mm, the argon carrying amount is 9-12L/min, the scanning speed is 800-1000 mm/min, and the lap joint rate is 30% -50%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. According to the invention, the copper-molybdenum composite coating is prepared on the surface of the copper alloy by a laser cladding method, so that the high-temperature wear resistance and current-carrying wear resistance of the copper alloy are improved, and the wear resistance requirements of the copper alloy under complex working conditions such as high temperature, current carrying and the like are met. Compared with a spraying method, the laser cladding has the advantages of simple process, compact coating, metallurgical bonding between the coating and the matrix, and the like, and the good bonding between the coating and the matrix can reduce the sacrifice of the conductivity.
2. The copper-molybdenum composite coating prepared by the method has a three-dimensional network structure, and has the advantages of high hardness (70-75 HB) and good conductivity (3.2-6.3X10 -8 Omegam).
3. The coating prepared by the invention has good tribological properties in the temperature range of room temperature to 500 ℃ and the current range of 0 to 20A.
4. The coating prepared by the invention has the advantage of adjustable performance, proper wear resistance and conductivity can be obtained by adjusting the content of copper and molybdenum, and the improvement of the wear resistance of the coating has less sacrifice on the conductivity.
5. The invention has simple process, high economic benefit and wide application range, can be used for sliding parts under high-temperature complex working conditions, can be used for sliding parts under current-carrying working conditions, and has important application prospects in the fields of electric power sources, aerospace, rail transit and the like.
Drawings
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows the Brinell hardness of copper-molybdenum composite coatings prepared in examples 1-3 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows the resistivity of the copper-molybdenum composite coatings prepared in examples 1-3 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 shows the wear rates of the copper-molybdenum composite coating prepared in example 2 of the present invention at 25 ℃,300 ℃ and 500 ℃.
Detailed Description
The coating is a three-dimensional network structure coating prepared from 98.9-99.2% of copper-molybdenum powder and 0.8-1.1% of rare earth powder by mass percent (g/g); the copper powder accounts for 36.8-56.7% of the total mass of the copper-molybdenum powder, and the molybdenum powder accounts for 43.3-63.2% of the total mass of the copper-molybdenum powder. The coating has a resistivity of 3.2×10 -8Ωm~6.3×10-8 Ω m, a wear rate of 3.1×10 -5mm3N-1m-1~35.1×10-5mm3N-1m-1 in the temperature range of room temperature to 500 ℃ and a wear rate of 3.7×10 -5mm3N-1m-1~4.5×10-5mm3N-1m-1 in the current range of 0 to 20A.
Wherein: the copper powder and the molybdenum powder are spherical powder, the purity of the powder is more than or equal to 99.9%, and the particle size is 15-50 mu m.
The rare earth powder is cerium oxide powder with purity more than or equal to 99.9 percent. The rare earth powder may also be one of the other lanthanoids.
A preparation method of a wear-resistant high-temperature-resistant high-conductivity coating comprises the following steps:
Firstly, weighing according to the proportion; and mechanically mixing the copper-molybdenum powder and the rare earth powder for 4-8 hours to obtain mixed powder. Finally, the mixed powder is put into a synchronous powder feeding device for laser cladding, laser cladding is carried out on the surface of a copper substrate, the laser power is 1.8-2.2 Kw, the defocusing amount is 0-1 mm, the argon carrying amount is 9-12L/min, the scanning speed is 800-1000 mm/min, and the lap joint rate is 30% -50%. And after the cladding is finished, the wear-resistant high-temperature-resistant high-conductivity copper-molybdenum composite coating is obtained.
Example 1
36.5 G of Cu powder, 62.7 of g of Mo powder and 0.8 of g of CeO 2 powder are weighed out and then mechanically mixed 6 h. And then loading the mixed powder into a synchronous powder feeding device for laser cladding, and carrying out laser cladding on the surface of the copper matrix. The adopted cladding process parameters are as follows: the laser power was 2.2 Kw, the defocus amount was 0mm, the argon loading was 12L/min, the scan speed was 800 mm/min and the overlap ratio was 50%. And obtaining the copper-molybdenum composite coating after cladding.
And (3) performing performance test on the obtained composite coating:
[ hardness ] A cloth-type durometer test was used. The test conditions were: the applied load was 62.5 Kg and the loading time was 30 s.
The results show that: the hardness of the composite coating was 72 Hb as shown in figure 1.
[ Resistivity ] the test was performed using a comprehensive physical property measurement system under room temperature.
The results show that: the resistivity of the composite coating was 6.3X10 -8 Ω m (27% IACS) as shown in FIG. 2.
The friction performance was evaluated by using a GF-I type high temperature friction and wear tester, the friction pair was 7075 aluminum alloy, the load was 5N, the rotational speed was 300r/min, the cyclic reciprocating distance was 10 mm/r, the friction time was 30 min, and the test temperatures were 25 ℃, 300 ℃ and 500 ℃.
The results show that: the abrasion rate of the composite coating is (3.1-26.6) multiplied by 10 - 5mm3N-1m-1 at the temperature ranging from room temperature to 500 ℃.
The friction performance of the friction-carrying vehicle is evaluated by adopting an external voltage-stabilizing and current-stabilizing power supply of an HSR-2M friction-wear testing machine, wherein the friction pair is 7075 aluminum alloy, the load is 10N, the rotating speed is 600 r/min, the cyclic reciprocating distance is 10 mm/r, the friction time is 20 min, and the test currents are 0A, 10A and 20A.
The results show that: the abrasion rate of the composite coating in the current range of 0 to 20A is (3.7-4.1) multiplied by 10 -5mm3N-1m-1.
Example 2
The Cu powder of 46.3 g, the Mo powder of 52.7 g, and the CeO 2 powder of 1g were weighed out and then mechanically mixed 8 h. And then loading the mixed powder into a synchronous powder feeding device for laser cladding, and carrying out laser cladding on the surface of the copper matrix. The adopted cladding process parameters are as follows: the laser power was 2 Kw, the defocus amount was 0mm, the argon loading was 12L/min, the scan speed was 800 mm/min and the overlap ratio was 50%. And obtaining the copper-molybdenum composite coating after cladding.
The resulting composite coating was subjected to performance testing in the same manner as in example 1.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the brinell hardness of the prepared composite coating is 70 Hb; resistivity of 4.6X10 -8 Ω m (37% IACS); the abrasion rate is (4.0-15.5) multiplied by 10 -5mm3N-1m-1 within the range of room temperature to 500 ℃; the wear rate in the current range of 0 to 20A is (3.8 to 4.2). Times.10 -5mm3N-1m-1.
Example 3
56.1 G of Cu powder, 42.8g of Mo powder and 1.1 g of CeO 2 powder were weighed out and then mechanically mixed 8 h. And then loading the mixed powder into a synchronous powder feeding device for laser cladding, and carrying out laser cladding on the surface of the copper matrix. The adopted cladding process parameters are as follows: the laser power was 2 Kw, the defocus amount was 1mm, the argon loading was 12L/min, the scan speed was 800 mm/min and the overlap ratio was 50%. And obtaining the copper-molybdenum composite coating after cladding.
The resulting composite coating was subjected to performance testing in the same manner as in example 1.
The brinell hardness of the composite coating prepared was 61 Hb as shown in figure 1; the resistivity was 3.2X10 -8 Ω m (53% IACS), as shown in FIG. 2; the abrasion rate is (5.5-35.1) multiplied by 10 -5mm3N-1m-1 at the room temperature to 500 ℃; the wear rate in the current range of 0 to 20A is (4.3 to 4.5) ×10 -5mm3N-1m-1.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a wear-resisting high temperature resistant conductive coating which characterized in that: the coating is a three-dimensional network structure coating prepared from 98.9-99.2% of copper-molybdenum powder and 0.8-1.1% of rare earth powder by mass percent; the copper powder accounts for 36.8-56.7% of the total mass of the copper-molybdenum powder, and the molybdenum powder accounts for 43.3-63.2% of the total mass of the copper-molybdenum powder.
2. A wear resistant, high temperature resistant, electrically conductive coating as in claim 1, wherein: the coating has a resistivity of 3.2×10 -8 Ωm ~6.3×10-8 Ω m, a wear rate of 3.1×10 -5 mm3N-1m-1~35.1×10-5 mm3N-1m-1 in the temperature range of room temperature to 500 ℃ and a wear rate of 3.7×10 -5 mm3N-1m-1~4.5×10-5mm3N-1m-1 in the current range of 0 to 20A.
3. A wear resistant, high temperature resistant, electrically conductive coating as in claim 1, wherein: the copper powder and the molybdenum powder are spherical powder, the purity of the powder is more than or equal to 99.9%, and the particle size is 15-50 mu m.
4. A wear resistant, high temperature resistant, electrically conductive coating as in claim 1, wherein: the rare earth powder is cerium oxide powder with the purity more than or equal to 99.9 percent.
5. The method for preparing the wear-resistant high-temperature-resistant high-conductivity coating according to one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that: firstly, weighing according to the proportion; and mechanically mixing the copper-molybdenum powder and the rare earth powder for 4-8 hours, and finally preparing the wear-resistant high-temperature-resistant high-conductivity copper-molybdenum composite coating on the copper matrix by a laser cladding method.
6. The method for preparing the wear-resistant high-temperature-resistant high-conductivity coating according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the laser cladding condition means that the laser power is 1.8-2.2 Kw, the defocusing amount is 0-1 mm, the argon carrying amount is 9-12L/min, the scanning speed is 800-1000 mm/min, and the lap joint rate is 30% -50%.
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117904626A true CN117904626A (en) | 2024-04-19 |
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