CN117904557A - Thermo-mechanical processing method for cooperatively improving strength and plasticity of beta titanium alloy - Google Patents
Thermo-mechanical processing method for cooperatively improving strength and plasticity of beta titanium alloy Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000000930 thermomechanical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 11
- 229910001040 Beta-titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 7
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009461 vacuum packaging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003064 anti-oxidating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/183—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon of titanium or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of thermo-mechanical processing of beta-type titanium alloy, and in particular relates to a thermo-mechanical processing method for cooperatively improving the plasticity of beta-type titanium alloy, which comprises the following steps: s1: rapidly heating the titanium alloy plate or bar to the phase transition point temperature and rapidly cooling to room temperature; s2: cold deforming the titanium alloy plate or bar at room temperature; s3: rapidly heating the titanium alloy plate or bar to the phase transition point temperature and rapidly cooling to room temperature; s4: repeating the steps S2-S3 for a plurality of times, vacuum packaging the obtained titanium alloy plate or bar material into a quartz tube or spraying an antioxidant coating on the surface of the quartz tube, and air-drying; s5: and (3) placing the titanium alloy plate or bar in a resistance furnace, preserving heat for 2-24 hours at the temperature of 450-550 ℃ and then air-cooling to finally obtain the strong-plasticity cooperative-lifting titanium alloy material. After the titanium alloy material is processed by the thermomechanical processing method, the strength and the plasticity balance of the titanium alloy material are obviously improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of thermomechanical processing of beta-type titanium alloy, and particularly relates to a thermomechanical processing method for cooperatively improving the plasticity of beta-type titanium alloy.
Background
The high-strength titanium alloy has high strength, good toughness and excellent corrosion resistance, and is widely applied to the fields of aviation, aerospace, medical treatment and the like. The preparation process of the titanium alloy mainly comprises the links of smelting, forging, rolling, heat treatment and the like. The grain size of the titanium alloy is an important attribute affecting the strength and toughness of the titanium alloy material. The grains in the molten state are coarse, and the grains are generally refined by plastic deformation, heat treatment and other means so as to improve the service performance of the titanium alloy. Strain hardening and work hardening cause the titanium alloy flow stress to increase rapidly with increasing deformation. In addition, the yield strength and the elastic modulus of the high-strength titanium alloy are relatively high and the plastic deformation resistance is high under the influence of element composition and tissue phase. The factors lead to poor plastic deformation capability and difficult grain refinement of the high-strength titanium alloy.
Studies have shown that refinement of titanium alloy grains can be achieved by controlling the heat treatment process. For example, during annealing of titanium alloys, controlling the heating and cooling rates can affect grain growth and refinement. However, the effect of controlling refined grains by heat treatment is greatly limited by the size of the initial grains, and the current processing requirements cannot be met. In the Chinese patent application with publication number CN101435063A and publication day 2009.05.20, a heat treatment process for improving plasticity of cold-formed beta titanium alloy after aging is disclosed, the process firstly aging the beta titanium alloy subjected to solid solution and cold deformation at normal aging temperature for a short time, then properly improving the aging temperature for a short time for heat preservation, so that deformation defects such as dislocation and the like remained by cold deformation are partially eliminated through a high-temperature recovery mechanism, and the plasticity of the material is recovered on the premise of ensuring the alloy strength, and the aging time is shortened. The heat treatment process improves plasticity by improving aging temperature to partially alleviate cold deformation defect through high temperature recovery, but has no obvious effect on strength.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a thermo-mechanical processing method for cooperatively improving the plasticity of the beta-type titanium alloy aiming at the defects in the prior art, and the strength and the plasticity balance of the titanium alloy material are obviously improved after the processing by the thermo-mechanical processing method.
The scheme is realized by the following technical measures: a thermo-mechanical processing method for cooperatively improving the plasticity of beta titanium alloy, which comprises the following steps:
s1: rapidly heating the titanium alloy plate or bar to the phase transition point temperature and rapidly cooling to room temperature;
s2: cold deforming the titanium alloy plate or bar obtained in the step S1 at room temperature;
s3: rapidly heating the titanium alloy plate or bar obtained in the step S2 to the phase transition point temperature, and cooling to room temperature;
S4: repeating the steps S2-S3 for a plurality of times to ensure that the total accumulated deformation of the titanium alloy plate or bar is more than 90 percent, and then vacuum packaging the obtained titanium alloy plate or bar into a quartz tube or spraying an antioxidant coating on the surface of the quartz tube and air-drying;
S5: and (3) placing the titanium alloy plate or bar obtained in the step (S4) in a resistance furnace, preserving heat for 2-24 hours at 450-550 ℃ and then air-cooling to finally obtain the strong-plasticity cooperative-lifting titanium alloy material.
Preferably, in the step S1, the titanium alloy plate or bar is rapidly heated to a temperature range of phase transition point temperature Ts-ts+80 ℃ at a heating rate of 5-200 ℃/S.
Preferably, in the step S1, the titanium alloy sheet or bar after being heated to the phase transition point temperature Ts-ts+80 ℃ temperature range is cooled to room temperature at a cooling rate of 100 ℃/S or more.
Preferably, the cooling mode adopted in the step S1 is water quenching.
Preferably, in the step S2, the cold deformation makes the total deformation of the titanium alloy sheet or bar be more than 50%.
Preferably, in the step S3, the titanium alloy sheet or bar obtained in the step S2 is rapidly heated to a temperature range of between phase transition point temperature Ts-ts+80 ℃ at a heating rate of between 5 and 200 ℃/S.
Preferably, in the step S3, the titanium alloy sheet or bar after being heated to the phase transition point temperature Ts-ts+80 ℃ temperature range is cooled to room temperature at a cooling rate of 100 ℃/S or more.
Preferably, the cooling mode adopted in the step S3 is water quenching.
Preferably, in the step S4, a boron nitride oxidation-resistant coating is sprayed on the surface of the titanium alloy plate or bar.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention firstly enables the beta-type titanium alloy material to be quickly heated to be above the phase transition point temperature and quickly cooled, so that the alloy is converted into a single-phase metastable beta-state structure with enough plasticity at room temperature, and a large number of defects are accumulated in the plastic deformation process and the alloy is not cracked. The repeated circulation of rapid heating, rapid cooling and room temperature plastic deformation enables a large number of defects to be accumulated in a microstructure of the material, and the micro areas locally generate uneven distribution of components, so that a strong driving force is provided for the recrystallization process and microstructure refinement in the aging process. According to the processing method, the grains of the material can be obviously thinned and a large number of deformation defects can be accumulated through overlapping multiple cold deformation-rapid temperature rise and reduction cycles, then the adjustment of microstructure is realized through aging, a large number of fine lamellar structures are separated out from the interiors of the grains, and the strong plasticity is synergistically and greatly improved through the combined action of multiple mechanisms such as solid solution strengthening, fine crystal strengthening, phase change strengthening and the like. It can be seen that the present invention has outstanding substantial features and significant advances over the prior art, as well as the benefits of its implementation.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly illustrate the technical characteristics of the scheme, the scheme is explained below through a specific embodiment.
A thermo-mechanical processing method for cooperatively improving the plasticity of beta titanium alloy, which comprises the following steps:
s1: rapidly heating the titanium alloy plate or bar to the phase transition point temperature and then rapidly cooling to room temperature: specifically, after a titanium alloy plate or bar is rapidly heated to a temperature range of phase transition point temperature Ts-Ts+80 ℃ at a heating rate of 5-200 ℃/s, the titanium alloy plate or bar is cooled to room temperature at a cooling rate of more than or equal to 100 ℃/s, and the cooling mode is water quenching;
S2: cold deforming the titanium alloy plate or bar obtained in the step S1 at room temperature to ensure that the total deformation of the titanium alloy plate or bar is more than 50 percent;
S3: and (2) rapidly heating the titanium alloy plate or bar obtained in the step (S2) to the phase transition point temperature, and cooling to room temperature: specifically, the titanium alloy plate or bar obtained in the step S2 is rapidly heated to a temperature range of between Ts and Ts+80 ℃ at a temperature rising rate of 5-200 ℃/S, and then cooled to room temperature at a cooling rate of more than or equal to 100 ℃/S, wherein the cooling mode is water quenching;
S4: repeating the steps S2-S3 for a plurality of times to ensure that the total accumulated deformation of the titanium alloy plate or bar is more than 90 percent, vacuum packaging the obtained titanium alloy plate or bar into a quartz tube or spraying an antioxidant coating (preferably boron nitride antioxidant coating) on the surface of the quartz tube, and air-drying the quartz tube or bar:
S5: and (3) placing the titanium alloy plate or bar obtained in the step (S4) in a resistance furnace, preserving heat for 2-24 hours at 450-550 ℃ and then air-cooling to finally obtain the strong-plasticity cooperative-lifting titanium alloy material.
In the invention, the heating rate is selected to be 5-200 ℃/s, and the grain growth is too fast when the heating rate is lower than 5 ℃/s; when the temperature rising rate is higher than 200 ℃/s, the temperature accurate feedback and other technologies are difficult to realize. The cooling rate of the invention is greater than or equal to 100 ℃/s to avoid the situation that when the metastable beta phase of certain alloys cools at a lower rate, omega-equal brittle phases are created in the structure, resulting in cracking failure of the material in plastic deformation.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
Thermo-mechanical processing of TC18 titanium alloy (Ti-5 Al-5Mo-5V-1Cr-1 Fe) bars
S1: quickly heating the TC18 titanium alloy bar to 880 ℃ at a heating rate of 20 ℃/s, and immediately quenching with water at a cooling rate of 200 ℃/s to cool to room temperature;
s2: carrying out plastic deformation of the TC18 titanium alloy bar obtained in the step S1, wherein the total deformation is 50% at room temperature;
s3: quickly heating the TC18 titanium alloy bar obtained in the step S2 to 860 ℃ at a heating rate of 20 ℃/S, and immediately quenching with water at a cooling rate of 200 ℃/S to cool to room temperature;
S4: carrying out plastic deformation with the total deformation amount of 90% on the TC18 titanium alloy bar obtained in the step S3 at room temperature, rapidly heating the TC18 titanium alloy bar to 860 ℃ at the heating rate of 20 ℃/S, immediately quenching with water at the cooling rate of 200 ℃/S, cooling to room temperature, and vacuum packaging the obtained TC18 titanium alloy bar into a quartz tube;
s5: placing the TC18 titanium alloy bar obtained in the step S4 into a box-type resistance furnace, preserving heat for 8 hours at 520 ℃, and then air-cooling to finally obtain the TC18 titanium alloy bar with strong plasticity and cooperative lifting, wherein the mechanical properties of the TC18 titanium alloy bar obtained after processing are shown in Table 1, and the strength and the plasticity balance of the TC18 titanium alloy bar are obviously improved by adopting the thermo-mechanical processing method.
Example 2
Thermo-mechanical processing of Ti-3.5Al-5Mo-6V-3Cr-2Sn-0.5Fe titanium alloy sheet
S1: rapidly heating Ti-3.5Al-5Mo-6V-3Cr-2Sn-0.5Fe titanium alloy plate to 830 ℃ at a heating rate of 100 ℃/s, and immediately quenching with water at a cooling rate of 200 ℃/s to cool to room temperature;
S2: carrying out plastic deformation of the Ti-3.5Al-5Mo-6V-3Cr-2Sn-0.5Fe titanium alloy plate material obtained in the step S1 at room temperature, wherein the total deformation is 70%;
S3: rapidly heating the Ti-3.5Al-5Mo-6V-3Cr-2Sn-0.5Fe titanium alloy plate obtained in the step S2 to 810 ℃ at a heating rate of 100 ℃/S, and immediately quenching with water at a cooling rate of 200 ℃/S to cool to room temperature;
S4: carrying out plastic deformation with the total deformation amount of 95% on the Ti-3.5Al-5Mo-6V-3Cr-2Sn-0.5Fe titanium alloy plate obtained in the step S3 at room temperature, rapidly heating the Ti-3.5Al-5Mo-6V-3Cr-2Sn-0.5Fe titanium alloy plate to 810 ℃ at a heating rate of 100 ℃/S, immediately quenching with water at a cooling rate of 200 ℃/S to cool to room temperature, spraying a boron nitride antioxidation coating on the surface of the obtained Ti-3.5Al-5Mo-6V-3Cr-2Sn-0.5Fe titanium alloy plate, and air-drying;
S5: and (3) placing the Ti-3.5Al-5Mo-6V-3Cr-2Sn-0.5Fe titanium alloy plate obtained in the step (S4) in a box-type resistance furnace, preserving heat for 6 hours at 500 ℃, and then air-cooling to finally obtain the Ti-3.5Al-5Mo-6V-3Cr-2Sn-0.5Fe titanium alloy plate with strong plasticity synergistically improved, wherein the mechanical properties of the processed Ti-3.5Al-5Mo-6V-3Cr-2Sn-0.5Fe titanium alloy plate are shown in a table 1, and the mechanical properties of the Ti-3.5A1-5Mo-6V-3Cr-2Sn-0.5Fe titanium alloy plate are obviously improved in the aspects of strength and plasticity balance by adopting the thermo-mechanical processing method.
| Material | Rate of temperature rise | 1St heating | 2Nd/3rd heating | Deformation amount | Aging temperature | Yield strength sigma 0.2 | Tensile strength sigma b | Elongation delta | Area reduction ratio psi | |
| Example 1 | Ti-5Al-5Mo-5V-1Cr-iFe | 20 | 880 | 860 | 70+50 | 520 | 1600 | 1625 | 6 | 22.5 |
| Example 2 | Ti-3.5Al-5Mo-6V-3Cr-2Sn-0.5Fe | 100 | 830 | 810 | 50+90 | 500 | 1610 | 1640 | 7.2 | 23.8 |
Table 1: mechanical Properties of the titanium alloy Material of example 1 and example 1
As can be seen from table 1, the titanium alloy material has a significant improvement in the balance of strength and plasticity after being processed by the thermo-mechanical processing method of the present invention.
The technical features not described in the present invention may be implemented by the prior art, and are not described herein. The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and variations, modifications, additions, or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention will be within the scope of the present invention by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Claims (9)
1. A thermo-mechanical processing method for cooperatively improving the plasticity of beta titanium alloy, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: rapidly heating the titanium alloy plate or bar to the phase transition point temperature and rapidly cooling to room temperature;
s2: cold deforming the titanium alloy plate or bar obtained in the step S1 at room temperature;
s3: rapidly heating the titanium alloy plate or bar obtained in the step S2 to the phase transition point temperature, and cooling to room temperature;
s4: repeating the steps S2-S3 for a plurality of times to ensure that the total accumulated deformation of the titanium alloy plate or bar is realized, and vacuum packaging the obtained titanium alloy plate or bar into a quartz tube or spraying an antioxidant coating on the surface of the quartz tube and air-drying;
S5: and (3) placing the titanium alloy plate or bar obtained in the step (S4) in a resistance furnace, preserving heat for 2-24 hours at 450-550 ℃ and then air-cooling to finally obtain the strong-plasticity cooperative-lifting titanium alloy material.
2. The method according to claim 2, wherein in the step S1, the titanium alloy sheet or bar is rapidly heated to a temperature range of phase transition point temperature Ts-ts+80 ℃ at a temperature rising rate of 5-200 ℃/S.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein in the step S1, the titanium alloy sheet or bar heated to the phase transition point temperature Ts-ts+80 ℃ is cooled to room temperature at a cooling rate of 100 ℃/S or more.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the cooling method used in the step S1 is water quenching.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein in the step S2, the total deformation of the titanium alloy sheet or bar is 50% or more by cold deformation.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein in the step S3, the titanium alloy sheet or bar obtained in the step S2 is rapidly heated to a temperature range of phase transition point temperature Ts-ts+80 ℃ at a heating rate of 5-200 ℃/S.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein in the step S3, the titanium alloy sheet or bar heated to the phase transition point temperature Ts-ts+80 ℃ is cooled to room temperature at a cooling rate of 100 ℃/S or more.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the cooling method used in the step S3 is water quenching.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein in the step S4, a boron nitride oxidation-resistant coating is sprayed on the surface of the titanium alloy plate or bar.
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