CN117902338B - Automatic control system for grain feeding of horizontal warehouse - Google Patents
Automatic control system for grain feeding of horizontal warehouse Download PDFInfo
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- CN117902338B CN117902338B CN202410317911.0A CN202410317911A CN117902338B CN 117902338 B CN117902338 B CN 117902338B CN 202410317911 A CN202410317911 A CN 202410317911A CN 117902338 B CN117902338 B CN 117902338B
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 127
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 73
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 218
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000010405 clearance mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011897 real-time detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020985 whole grains Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G65/00—Loading or unloading
- B65G65/005—Control arrangements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G37/00—Combinations of mechanical conveyors of the same kind, or of different kinds, of interest apart from their application in particular machines or use in particular manufacturing processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G43/00—Control devices, e.g. for safety, warning or fault-correcting
- B65G43/08—Control devices operated by article or material being fed, conveyed or discharged
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G65/00—Loading or unloading
- B65G65/30—Methods or devices for filling or emptying bunkers, hoppers, tanks, or like containers, of interest apart from their use in particular chemical or physical processes or their application in particular machines, e.g. not covered by a single other subclass
- B65G65/32—Filling devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G69/00—Auxiliary measures taken, or devices used, in connection with loading or unloading
- B65G69/12—Sieving bulk materials during loading or unloading
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G2203/00—Indexing code relating to control or detection of the articles or the load carriers during conveying
- B65G2203/04—Detection means
- B65G2203/041—Camera
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G2203/00—Indexing code relating to control or detection of the articles or the load carriers during conveying
- B65G2203/04—Detection means
- B65G2203/042—Sensors
- B65G2203/044—Optical
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Storage Of Harvested Produce (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of grain storage, and provides an automatic control system for feeding grains in a horizontal warehouse, which is compact in structure and small in occupied space, and aims to improve the feeding efficiency and automation degree of grains in the horizontal warehouse; the transfer and the control are convenient; the top warehousing mechanism is balanced by the weight of the cleaning screen, grains can be directly loaded from the ventilating window, the trouble that the conventional grain loading mode needs to frequently transfer equipment and set a fence is avoided, and the grain loading efficiency is improved; through setting up different detecting element on each mechanism, carry out corresponding control to equipment according to detecting element's testing result, degree of automation is high, has reduced artifical intensity of labour, makes the clearance of bungalow storehouse grain and the work of putting into storage more intelligent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of grain storage, in particular to an automatic control system for feeding grains into a horizontal warehouse.
Background
At present, horizontal warehouse grains mainly enter from a warehouse door of a horizontal warehouse when entering the warehouse, the grains are loaded sequentially from inside to outside by using a warehouse loader, workers are required to frequently carry out horizontal warehouse during the process, the warehouse loader is required to retreat out of the warehouse door, the grains are loaded into the area near the warehouse door by sequentially closing the grain blocking door from bottom to top, and finally the grains are required to be supplemented from a ventilation window of the horizontal warehouse by using a warehouse supplementing machine. The whole grain loading process is highly dependent on the transferring equipment of workers, the labor intensity of the workers is high, and the grain loading efficiency is low.
In addition, detection and cleaning of impurities in grains are necessary links before the grains are placed in the bin, and the grains can be placed in the bin only after the impurity content reaches a certain standard. In the practical application process, grains often cannot reach the cleaning standard after one-time cleaning, so that a plurality of cleaning screens and a plurality of inclined belt conveyors are generally required to be used in series, the whole cleaning conveying route is as long as tens of meters, the occupied space is large, the equipment is more, the cleaning equipment needs to be linked with the warehousing equipment, the arrangement, the connection and the control are more troublesome, and the problems of grain scattering, noise and dust pollution, high labor intensity of workers, safety accidents and the like are easily caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the feeding efficiency and the automation degree of the grains in the horizontal warehouse, the application provides an automatic control system for feeding the grains in the horizontal warehouse.
The invention solves the problems by adopting the following technical scheme:
Automatic control system is advanced to bungalow storehouse grain, includes: the grain cleaning and warehousing integrated equipment comprises a moving mechanism, a grain feeding mechanism, a cleaning mechanism, a lifting mechanism and a warehousing mechanism which are arranged on the moving mechanism in sequence according to grain trend, wherein the warehousing mechanism is provided with a position detection unit for detecting position and a grain quantity detection unit for detecting grain warehousing condition,
The control unit is used for determining grain feeding positions of the grain cleaning and warehousing integrated equipment and initial working parameters of a grain feeding mechanism, a cleaning mechanism, a lifting mechanism and a warehousing mechanism according to variety, weight and impurity content information of grains of each vehicle so as to realize grain warehousing; the control unit controls the movement of the moving mechanism according to the detection result of the position detection unit so that the grain feeding mechanism moves to the grain feeding position, controls the grain feeding mechanism, the cleaning mechanism, the lifting mechanism and the grain feeding mechanism to work according to initial working parameters, and adjusts the grain feeding position of the grain feeding mechanism in the grain bin according to the detection result of the grain quantity detection unit in the working process.
Further, the grain feeding mechanism comprises a temporary storage hopper;
The cleaning mechanism comprises a cleaning screen, and the temporary storage hopper is arranged above a feed inlet of the cleaning screen;
The lifting mechanism comprises a second lifting machine arranged at the discharge end of the cleaning screen, a feed inlet at the bottom of the second lifting machine is in butt joint with the discharge outlet of the cleaning screen, and the discharge outlet at the top of the second lifting machine is communicated with the warehousing mechanism through a movable grain discharging channel;
The bin feeding mechanism is arranged above the cleaning screen through a lifting bracket, the bin feeding mechanism comprises a telescopic bin feeding machine, the size of the bin feeding machine meets the requirement of a ventilation window capable of extending into a flat house bin, a grain receiving hopper is arranged at the feeding end of the bin feeding machine, a grain throwing head is arranged at the discharging end of the bin feeding machine, and the grain discharging channel is in butt joint with the grain receiving hopper;
The position detection units and the grain quantity detection units are arranged on the grain throwing head; the initial working parameters of the grain feeding mechanism are the discharging speed of the temporary storage hopper, the initial working parameters of the cleaning mechanism are the cleaning parameters of the cleaning screen, the initial working parameters of the lifting mechanism are the conveying speed, and the initial working parameters of the warehousing mechanism are the initial position of the warehousing machine, the initial grain throwing direction of the grain throwing head and the initial grain throwing speed; the control unit controls the movement of the moving mechanism and the lifting support according to the detection result of the position detection unit so as to enable the warehousing mechanism to move to the grain feeding position.
Further, the discharge port of the second elevator is also provided with a grain returning channel, the grain returning channel and the grain discharging channel are connected with the discharge port of the second elevator through a channel converter, the grain returning channel is led to the temporary storage hopper, the control unit controls the channel converter to be connected with the grain discharging channel or the grain returning channel according to impurity content information, and when the grain returning channel is connected, the control unit adjusts cleaning parameters of the cleaning mechanism and controls the connection time of the grain returning channel.
Further, be provided with the impurity detecting element that is used for detecting impurity content on the clearance mechanism, impurity detecting element sets up in the discharge gate department of clearance sieve, and the control unit is according to impurity detecting element's testing result control channel converter switch-on unloading grain passageway or switch-on grain passageway that returns, and when switching on grain passageway that returns, the clearance parameter of clearance mechanism is adjusted to the control unit and the switch-on time of controlling grain passageway that returns.
Further, the impurity detection unit comprises a camera for collecting the impurity quantity and a weighing device for collecting the impurity weight.
Further, the cleaning mechanism is also provided with a flow detection unit for detecting grain flow, and the control unit controls the discharging speed of the grain feeding mechanism according to the detection result of the flow detection unit.
Further, the grain feeding mechanism further comprises a first elevator, a discharge hole at the top of the first elevator is in butt joint with a top inlet of the temporary storage hopper, a grain unloading hopper is arranged at a feed hole at the bottom of the first elevator, and the control unit is further used for determining the initial conveying speed of the first elevator according to the variety, weight and impurity content information of grains of each car.
Further, the grain quantity detection unit is an image acquisition device or a laser radar.
Further, the grain quantity detection unit is also used for detecting a concave part on the grain surface, and the control unit is used for controlling the extension and retraction of the warehousing mechanism, the grain throwing direction and/or the grain throwing speed of the grain throwing head according to the position of the concave part to fill grains in the concave part.
Further, the grain cleaning and warehousing integrated equipment further comprises a display unit for displaying working parameters of the grain cleaning and warehousing integrated equipment and grain warehousing progress, and the display unit is connected with the control unit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the grain feeding mechanism, the cleaning mechanism, the lifting mechanism and the warehousing mechanism are integrated together, grains can directly enter the warehousing mechanism through the lifting mechanism after being cleaned, and the warehousing mechanism stretches into the ventilation window of the horizontal warehouse and loads grains through the grain throwing head; the transfer and the control are convenient; the top warehousing mechanism is balanced by the weight of the cleaning screen, grains can be directly loaded from the ventilating window, the trouble that the conventional grain loading mode needs to frequently transfer equipment and set a fence is avoided, and the grain loading efficiency is improved; through setting up different detecting element on each mechanism, carry out corresponding control to equipment according to detecting element's testing result, degree of automation is high, has reduced artifical intensity of labour, makes the clearance of bungalow storehouse grain and the work of putting into storage more intelligent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of an automatic control system for feeding grains into a horizontal warehouse;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a grain cleaning and warehousing integrated device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the grain container;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a converter;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of a purge screen;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the flow detection unit;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a grain feeding mechanism;
Reference numerals: 1-temporary storage hopper, 2-cleaning screen, 3-second elevator, 4-lifting bracket, 5-warehouse entering machine, 6-flat warehouse, 7-first elevator, 8-hydraulic turning plate, 21-screen, 31-grain discharging channel, 32-grain returning channel, 33-channel converter, 51-grain receiving hopper, 52-grain throwing head, 61-ventilation window, 71-grain discharging hopper, 211-screen box, 212-vibrator, 213-coarse screening surface, 214-fine screening surface, 215-collecting plate, 216-big miscellaneous outlet, 217-fine miscellaneous outlet, 218-camera, 219-weighing device, 231-impact detection slide carriage, 232-first support plate group 232, 233-first support plate, 234-first weight sensor, 235-lower support plate, 236-second weight sensor, 237-second support plate and 238-second support plate group.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the automatic control system for feeding grains into the horizontal warehouse comprises: the grain cleaning and warehousing integrated equipment comprises a moving mechanism, a grain feeding mechanism, a cleaning mechanism, a lifting mechanism and a warehousing mechanism which are arranged on the moving mechanism in sequence according to grain trend, wherein the warehousing mechanism is provided with a position detection unit for detecting position and a grain quantity detection unit for detecting grain warehousing condition,
The control unit is used for determining grain feeding positions of the grain cleaning and warehousing integrated equipment and initial working parameters of a grain feeding mechanism, a cleaning mechanism, a lifting mechanism and a warehousing mechanism according to variety, weight and impurity content information of grains of each vehicle so as to realize grain warehousing; the control unit controls the movement of the moving mechanism according to the detection result of the position detection unit so that the grain feeding mechanism moves to the grain feeding position, controls the grain feeding mechanism, the cleaning mechanism, the lifting mechanism and the grain feeding mechanism to work according to initial working parameters, and adjusts the grain feeding position of the grain feeding mechanism in the grain bin according to the detection result of the grain quantity detection unit in the working process.
The variety of each grain can be obtained through a one-card system, the weight can be obtained according to a weight detection link, and the impurity content information can be obtained through a weight detection. The initial working parameters can be obtained through a large number of experiments, and the shortest working parameters used in the experimental process are selected as the initial working parameters.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the grain feeding mechanism comprises a temporary storage hopper 1;
the cleaning mechanism comprises a cleaning screen 2, and the temporary storage hopper 1 is arranged above a feed inlet of the cleaning screen 2;
The lifting mechanism comprises a second lifting machine 3 arranged at the discharge end of the cleaning screen 2, a feed inlet at the bottom of the second lifting machine 3 is in butt joint with the discharge outlet of the cleaning screen 2, and the discharge outlet at the top of the second lifting machine 3 is led to the warehousing mechanism through a movable grain unloading channel 31;
The mechanism of putting into a cabin is set up in clearance sieve 2 top through lifting support 4, and the mechanism of putting into a cabin includes telescopic putting into a cabin 5, and the size of putting into a cabin 5 satisfies the ventilation window 61 that can stretch into the flat house 6, the feed end of putting into a cabin 5 is equipped with and connects grain fill 51, and the discharge end is equipped with throws grain head 52, unload grain passageway 31 and connect grain fill 51 dock mutually.
Wherein, the overall structure of the temporary storage hopper 1 and the cleaning screen 2 is similar to the prior art. The second elevator 3 adopts a bucket elevator, and occupies a smaller space in the horizontal direction than the conventional inclined conveyor. The lifting support 4 is used for adjusting the height of the warehouse entering machine 5 so as to adapt to the bungalow 6 and the ventilation windows 61 with different heights. The warehousing machine 5 is similar to a traditional cabin supplementing machine, except that the warehousing machine 5 and the cleaning screen 2 are integrated together, so that the weight of the cleaning screen 2 can meet the balance requirement of the warehousing machine 5, the counterweight does not need to be added at the tail of the cabin supplementing machine, and the structure is simpler. Since the loading machine 5 needs to move along with the lifting bracket 4, the grain discharging channel 31 needs to be arranged in a movable structure, such as a flexible corrugated pipe as the grain discharging channel 31. The grain throwing head 52 is a belt conveyor with a high conveying speed, grains can be quickly thrown out, so that the grain throwing range is enlarged, grains can fall to the middle area of the horizontal warehouse 6, the grain throwing head 52 is rotatably arranged at the discharge end of the warehouse entering machine 5, and the grain throwing direction can be changed by controlling the rotation of the grain throwing head 52 by the control unit. In the grain loading process, one device can be moved to load grains from the plurality of ventilation windows 61 in sequence, and a plurality of devices can be adopted to load grains from the plurality of ventilation windows 61 at the same time, so that compared with the existing grain loading mode, the frequency of the mobile device and a flat bin can be reduced, and the grain loading efficiency is higher and safer.
In order to enable the warehousing machine 5 to automatically extend into the ventilation window 61 at the designated position, a position detection unit is arranged on the grain throwing head 52, the position detection unit can acquire the movement vector of the moving mechanism and/or the lifting support 4 by acquiring the distance from the warehousing mechanism to the designated ventilation window 61 and three-dimensional position coordinate information, and the moving mechanism and/or the lifting support 4 are controlled to move so as to enable the warehousing machine 5 to move to the designated grain feeding position. Because the length of the loader 5 is long, when the loader 5 reaches the ventilation window 61 at the designated position, the moving mechanism is far from the wall of the bungalow, and at this time, the moving mechanism needs to be moved to bring the equipment close to the wall. In order to facilitate the acquisition of the movement amount of the moving mechanism, a position detecting unit may be provided on the moving mechanism to acquire the distance from the wall, and the control unit controls the moving mechanism to approach the wall based on the distance.
According to the invention, the requirement of grain warehousing after one-time cleaning is met by setting various cleaning parameters of the cleaning sieves 2 based on the impurity content data, so that the grain can be directly loaded through the lifting mechanism and the warehousing mechanism after only one cleaning sieve 2 is arranged for cleaning impurities.
In the grain warehousing process, grain loading conditions are acquired through a grain quantity detection unit arranged on the grain throwing head 52, and grain throwing directions and grain throwing speeds of the grain throwing head 52 and the extension and retraction of the warehousing machine 5 are controlled according to the grain loading conditions so as to realize grain loading at different positions. In addition, the grain quantity detection unit can also detect the concave part, and grain filling of the concave part can be realized by controlling the grain throwing direction and grain throwing speed of the grain throwing head 52 and the extension and retraction of the warehouse entry machine 5, so that the leveling work of workers is reduced, and the warehouse entry efficiency is improved. The grain quantity detection unit can be realized by adopting an image acquisition device such as a camera, a video camera and the like or a laser radar.
The grains with lower impurity content information can meet the requirement of warehousing after being cleaned once by arranging various cleaning parameters of the cleaning screen 2, for example, the impurity content of common grains is required to be 1.0 percent, the detection result before cleaning the grains is about 2.5 percent, and the grains can be cleaned once to meet the requirement. However, if the result of the cutting inspection before grain cleaning is about 2.5% -3.0%, the second cleaning is needed, and if the result of the cutting inspection is more than 3.0%, more cleaning is needed.
In order to realize multiple cleaning, the discharge hole of the second lifting machine 3 is provided with a grain returning channel 32, the grain returning channel 32 and the grain discharging channel 31 are connected with the discharge hole of the second lifting machine 3 through a channel converter 33, the grain returning channel 32 is led to the temporary storage hopper 1, the control unit controls the channel converter to be connected with the grain discharging channel or the grain returning channel according to impurity content information, and when the grain returning channel is connected, the control unit also needs to control the connection time of the grain returning channel, and the purpose of multiple cleaning is achieved by setting the connection time. The on time can be set according to the cleaning times and the feeding speed of the cleaning mechanism, the feeding speed of the cleaning mechanism can be dynamic, the feeding speed is reduced when the impurity content is high, and the feeding speed is improved when the impurity content is low. The on-time of the return channel and the feed rate can be obtained from an experimental pre-fabricated time schedule.
Considering that the impurity content of grains is possibly uneven or the data of the skewing inspection is inaccurate. Therefore, the further scheme is that an impurity detection unit is arranged on the cleaning mechanism, the impurity detection unit is arranged at the discharge hole of the cleaning screen 2, the control unit controls the channel converter to be connected with the grain discharging channel or the grain returning channel according to the detection result of the impurity detection unit, and when the grain returning channel is connected, the control unit adjusts the cleaning parameters of the cleaning mechanism and controls the connection time of the grain returning channel. The impurity detection unit is generally used during the last cleaning according to the information of the content of the impurities detected by the skewer, so as to judge whether the requirement of warehousing is met after the last cleaning.
As shown in fig. 4, for the channel converter 33, the scheme adopted by the invention is that the channel converter 33 comprises a rotating shaft 331 arranged at the connection part of the grain returning channel 32 and the grain discharging channel 31 and a driver for driving the rotating shaft 331 to rotate, wherein a turning plate 332 is arranged on the rotating shaft 331, and the turning plate 332 can block the grain returning channel 32 while opening the grain discharging channel 31 or block the grain discharging channel 31 while opening the grain returning channel 32 when rotating along with the rotating shaft 331. The driver is not shown in the drawing, and a motor or an electromagnet can be used to drive the rotating shaft to rotate.
As shown in fig. 5, the screen body 21 of the cleaning screen 2 includes a screen box 211, a vibrator 212 located on the outer wall of the screen box 211, and a screen surface located in the screen box 211, where the screen surface includes an upper coarse screen surface 213, a middle fine screen surface 214, and a lower collecting plate 215, and the coarse screen surface 213 and the collecting plate 215 are respectively inclined to the left and right sides of the screen body 21, the grain size of the screened grain is smaller than the mesh size of the coarse screen surface 213 and larger than the mesh size of the fine screen surface 214, and a large impurity outlet 216 and a fine impurity outlet 217 are respectively butted with the lower ends of the coarse screen surface 213 and the collecting plate 215 are provided on the side surface of the discharge end of the screen box 211; the impurity detection unit comprises a camera 218 and a weighing device 219, wherein the camera 218 is positioned at the top of the screen box 211, the impurity quantity positioned on the coarse screen surface 213 is identified through an image, and the weighing device 219 comprises two weighing devices which are respectively positioned below the large impurity outlet 216 and the fine impurity outlet 217. The cleaning parameters of the cleaning screen 2 include the feeding speed and the vibration frequency of the vibrator 212, the impurity content is high, the vibration frequency is high, otherwise, the vibration frequency is small, and the vibration frequency value can be obtained through experimental data.
The screening process of the impurities is as follows: after the grains enter the screen body 21, large impurities with larger volume can be left on the coarse screen surface 213, grains and fine impurities with smaller volume can fall onto the fine screen surface 214 through the screen holes of the coarse screen surface 213, and meanwhile, the fine impurities can fall onto the collecting plate 215 through the screen holes of the fine screen surface 214. Because the coarse screening surface 213 and the collecting plate 215 are inclined to the left and right sides of the screen 21, respectively, and the screen 21 is also inclined from the feed end to the discharge end, the large and fine impurities are collected and discharged to both sides of the discharge end of the screen box 211 by the vibrator 212, and separated from the grain in the middle.
The detection process of the impurity content is as follows: since the grains fall onto the fine screen surface 214 quickly after reaching the coarse screen surface 213, almost all impurities remain on the coarse screen surface 213, and thus the pixel area formed by the outline of the impurities can be easily recognized by using the image recognition technique, thereby judging the amount of the impurities. The weighing machine 219 is provided with a time-counting recording function for recording the weight of the impurity increase in each time period according to the set continuous time period. During detection, the ratio of the total weight of the large impurities and the fine impurities to the weight of the material passing through the screen 21 in a period of time and the image of the large impurities can be recorded to judge whether the impurity content reaches the standard; or directly judging whether the impurity content reaches the standard by recording the increase of the large impurity and the fine impurity in unit time and the image of the large impurity. The first mode needs to record the weight of the grain, can be estimated according to the type of the grain, the grain flow rate and the elapsed time, and can also calculate the weight of the grain by setting a weight sensor to record the impact force and the action time when the grain enters the screen 21 or leaves the screen 21. The second mode needs to train the system in a large model in advance, tests are conducted on grains with different impurity contents and different feeding speeds, the weight of the impurity increase in the unit time corresponding to the qualified impurity content of the grains is recorded and used as a threshold value, in the actual cleaning process, the weight of the impurity increase in the unit time exceeds the threshold value, the impurity content is out of standard, the impurity content is required to be cleaned again, the time for cleaning again can be set according to the excess, otherwise, the impurity content is qualified, and the grains can be directly stored in a warehouse.
The cleaning screen 2 is closely related to grain flow except the self attribute of the cleaning screen, so that a flow detection unit for detecting grain flow is further arranged on the cleaning mechanism for detecting grain flow, and the control unit controls the discharging speed of the grain feeding mechanism according to the detection result of the flow detection unit. The flow detection unit may adopt a grain flow balance, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the flow detection unit includes an impact detection slide plate 231, a first pillar group 232, a first support plate 233, a first weight sensor 234 and a lower support plate 235 sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the impact detection slide plate 231 is used for receiving impact of grain and conveying the grain to the screen 21 under the action of gravity of the grain, the first weight sensor 234 is used for detecting impact force data of the grain on the impact detection slide plate 231 in real time and transmitting the impact force data to the control unit, and the control unit receives the impact force data and determines real-time flow of the grain according to the impact force data. The impact force data is determined as the accumulated impact force in unit time on the impact detection slide carriage 231, the real-time flow of the grain is determined according to the accumulated impact force in unit time, the larger the accumulated impact force in unit time is, the larger the real-time flow of the grain is, the smaller the accumulated impact force in unit time is, the smaller the real-time flow of the grain is, and the specific value can be obtained through an experimental prefabrication relation table.
Further, the flow detecting unit further includes a second weight sensor 236, a second support plate 237 and a second support pillar group 238 sequentially disposed from bottom to top, the coarse screening surface 213, the fine screening surface 214 and the collecting plate 215 are disposed on the second weight sensor 236 through the second support pillar group 238 and the second support plate 237, wherein the collecting plate 215 is not shown in the figure, the second sensor 236 is used for collecting weight data of grains in the screen 21 and sending the weight data of grains to the control unit, the control unit corrects the determined real-time flow of grains according to the weight data of grains, and the corrected value can also be obtained according to an experimental prefabrication relation table.
After being unloaded from the truck, the grains are generally conveyed to a feed port of the cleaning screen 2 through an inclined conveyor, and in order to further make the structure compact, as shown in fig. 7, the grain feeding mechanism further comprises a first lifter 7, the first lifter 7 is also a bucket lifter, a discharge port at the top of the first lifter 7 is in butt joint with a top inlet of the temporary storage bucket 1, and a grain unloading bucket 71 is arranged at the feed port at the bottom of the first lifter 7. The grain unloading hopper 71 has a size which meets the width requirement of a common truck or container, and grains can directly enter the grain unloading hopper 71 when unloaded from the truck or container and then enter the temporary storage hopper 1 through the first lifting machine 7. The transfer speed of the first hoisting machine 7 can also be reduced when the return channel 32 is switched on.
In order to meet the requirement of unloading grains of some trucks without unloading functions, the invention is provided with a grain unloading mechanism in front of the grain unloading hopper 71, as shown in fig. 2, the grain unloading mechanism comprises a hydraulic turning plate 8, and the hydraulic turning plate 8 can enable the trucks positioned on the hydraulic turning plate 8 to pour grains into the grain unloading hopper 71 when turning over.
In order to facilitate the knowledge of the working condition of the whole system, a display unit is further arranged, and the displayed information comprises, but is not limited to, detection results of the detection unit, such as online flow and online impurity content, grain loading conditions and the like. Grain loading conditions such as grain loading progress, grain loading progress Y can be estimated according to parameters such as warehouse parameters (preset warehouse capacity X 0 tons), number of vehicles completing loading (source all-purpose vehicle, source weighing link X n tons), loading flow (real-time detection flow sensor W tons/min), loading time (T) and the like, and Y= (X 1+X2+Xn-1+…+W×T）/X0, for example, 5% of grain loading progress is displayed.
Claims (8)
1. Automatic control system is advanced to bungalow storehouse grain, its characterized in that includes: the grain cleaning and warehousing integrated equipment comprises a moving mechanism, a grain feeding mechanism, a cleaning mechanism, a lifting mechanism and a warehousing mechanism which are arranged on the moving mechanism in sequence according to grain trend, wherein the warehousing mechanism is provided with a position detection unit for detecting position and a grain quantity detection unit for detecting grain warehousing condition,
The control unit is used for determining grain feeding positions of the grain cleaning and warehousing integrated equipment and initial working parameters of a grain feeding mechanism, a cleaning mechanism, a lifting mechanism and a warehousing mechanism according to variety, weight and impurity content information of grains of each vehicle so as to realize grain warehousing; the control unit controls the movement of the moving mechanism according to the detection result of the position detection unit so as to enable the grain feeding mechanism to move to the grain feeding position, controls the grain feeding mechanism, the cleaning mechanism, the lifting mechanism and the grain feeding mechanism to work according to initial working parameters, and adjusts the grain feeding position of the grain feeding mechanism in the grain bin according to the detection result of the grain quantity detection unit in the working process;
specifically, the grain feeding mechanism comprises a temporary storage hopper;
The cleaning mechanism comprises a cleaning screen, a screen surface is arranged in the cleaning screen, the screen surface comprises a coarse screen surface at the upper layer, a fine screen surface at the middle layer and a collecting plate at the lower layer, and the temporary storage hopper is arranged above a feed inlet of the cleaning screen;
The lifting mechanism comprises a second lifting machine arranged at the discharge end of the cleaning screen, a feed inlet at the bottom of the second lifting machine is in butt joint with the discharge outlet of the cleaning screen, and the discharge outlet at the top of the second lifting machine is communicated with the warehousing mechanism through a movable grain discharging channel;
The bin feeding mechanism is arranged above the cleaning screen through a lifting bracket, the bin feeding mechanism comprises a telescopic bin feeding machine, the size of the bin feeding machine meets the requirement of a ventilation window capable of extending into a flat house bin, a grain receiving hopper is arranged at the feeding end of the bin feeding machine, a grain throwing head is arranged at the discharging end of the bin feeding machine, and the grain discharging channel is in butt joint with the grain receiving hopper;
The position detection units and the grain quantity detection units are arranged on the grain throwing head; the initial working parameters of the grain feeding mechanism are the discharging speed of the temporary storage hopper, the initial working parameters of the cleaning mechanism are the cleaning parameters of the cleaning screen, the initial working parameters of the lifting mechanism are the conveying speed, and the initial working parameters of the warehousing mechanism are the initial position of the warehousing machine, the initial grain throwing direction of the grain throwing head and the initial grain throwing speed; the control unit controls the movement of the moving mechanism and the lifting bracket according to the detection result of the position detection unit so as to enable the warehousing mechanism to move to the grain feeding position;
The cleaning mechanism is also provided with a flow detection unit for detecting the grain flow, the control unit controls the discharging speed of the grain feeding mechanism according to the detection result of the flow detection unit,
The flow rate detection unit includes: the device comprises an impact detection slide carriage, a first pillar group, a first supporting plate, a first weight sensor and a lower supporting plate which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein the impact detection slide carriage is used for receiving the impact of grains and conveying the grains to a cleaning sieve under the action of grain gravity;
The flow detection unit further comprises a second weight sensor, a second supporting plate and a second pillar group which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, the coarse screening surface, the fine screening surface and the collecting plate are arranged on the second weight sensor through the second pillar group and the second supporting plate, the second sensor is used for collecting grain weight data in the cleaning screen and sending the grain weight data to the control unit, and the control unit corrects the real-time flow of the determined grains according to the grain weight data.
2. The automatic control system for feeding grains into the horizontal warehouse according to claim 1, wherein the discharge hole of the second elevator is further provided with a grain returning channel, the grain returning channel and the grain discharging channel are connected with the discharge hole of the second elevator through a channel converter, the grain returning channel is led to the temporary storage hopper, the control unit controls the channel converter to be communicated with the grain discharging channel or communicated with the grain returning channel according to the impurity content information, and when the grain returning channel is communicated, the control unit adjusts the cleaning parameters of the cleaning mechanism and controls the communication time of the grain returning channel.
3. The automatic control system for feeding grains into the horizontal warehouse according to claim 2, wherein the cleaning mechanism is provided with an impurity detection unit for detecting the impurity content, the impurity detection unit is arranged at a discharge hole of the cleaning screen, the control unit controls the channel converter to be connected with the grain discharging channel or the grain returning channel according to the detection result of the impurity detection unit, and when the grain returning channel is connected, the control unit adjusts the cleaning parameters of the cleaning mechanism and controls the connection time of the grain returning channel.
4. The automated control system for feeding grains into a flat warehouse of claim 3, wherein the impurity detecting unit comprises a camera for collecting the amount of impurities and a weighing device for collecting the weight of the impurities.
5. The automatic control system for feeding grains into the horizontal warehouse of claim 1, wherein the grain feeding mechanism further comprises a first elevator, a discharge hole at the top of the first elevator is in butt joint with a top inlet of the temporary storage hopper, a grain unloading hopper is arranged at a feed hole at the bottom of the first elevator, and the control unit is further used for determining the initial conveying speed of the first elevator according to the variety, weight and impurity content information of grains of each car.
6. The automated control system for feeding grains into a flat-bed warehouse of claim 1, wherein the grain quantity detecting unit is an image acquisition device or a laser radar.
7. The automatic control system for feeding grains into the horizontal warehouse according to claim 6, wherein the grain quantity detecting unit is further used for detecting a concave part on the grain surface, and the control unit is used for controlling the extension and retraction of the feeding mechanism, the grain throwing direction and/or the grain throwing speed of the grain throwing head to fill grains into the concave part according to the position of the concave part.
8. The automated control system for feeding grains in a flat warehouse according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a display unit for displaying the operational parameters of the integrated equipment for cleaning and feeding grains and the progress of feeding grains, wherein the display unit is connected to the control unit.
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