CN117900897B - Thermal deformation compensation method of workbench mobile machine tool - Google Patents
Thermal deformation compensation method of workbench mobile machine tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN117900897B CN117900897B CN202410309641.9A CN202410309641A CN117900897B CN 117900897 B CN117900897 B CN 117900897B CN 202410309641 A CN202410309641 A CN 202410309641A CN 117900897 B CN117900897 B CN 117900897B
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- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 9
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- 229910001374 Invar Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
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Abstract
A thermal deformation compensation method of a workbench mobile machine tool, belongs to the technical field of thermal deformation compensation of machine tools, and comprises the following steps: s1, a comparison piece is arranged on a workbench, and the length of the comparison piece is recorded as L4; s2, a first length meter is arranged at the joint of the upright post and the lathe bed, and the number of the first length meter is denoted as a; s3, a second length meter is arranged at the rear end face of the lathe bed, and the number of the second length meter is denoted as b; s4, a third length meter is arranged at one end of the comparison piece, and the number of the third length meter is denoted as c; s5, the distance from the central axis of the end face of the milling head part to the grating ruler reading head is recorded as L3, the distance from the first length meter to the grating ruler reading head is recorded as L2, and the distance from the first length meter to the second length meter is recorded as L1; and S6, calculating a compensation value through a formula, and compensating the compensation quantity to the X-axis grating ruler in real time by using a numerical control system. The method can reduce the original point drift amount of the machine tool caused by thermal expansion, improve the machining precision of the machine tool and improve the qualification rate of machining of the machine tool.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thermal deformation compensation of machine tools, in particular to a thermal deformation compensation method of a workbench mobile machine tool.
Background
Machine tools are machines for manufacturing machines and machines, which play a great role in modern construction of national economy. Under the non-constant temperature condition, the origin of the machine tool X direction easily drifts due to thermal expansion, and part of parts cannot meet the processing requirement, so that length compensation is needed, the drift amount of the machine tool X direction to the origin is reduced, and therefore the processing precision is improved, and the qualification rate of workpiece processing is improved.
At present, with the development of machine tool manufacturing technology to high speed and high precision, the thermal deformation automatic compensation technology is used as an important means for improving the dynamic precision and stability of the numerical control machine tool, so that more and more applications are obtained, and the realization method is diversified. However, the existing thermal deformation compensation technology has the following defects in actual use: the accuracy of the data is general, the actual condition of the thermal deformation of the machine tool is difficult to truly reflect, so that the thermal compensation accuracy is low, the stability is poor, the qualification rate of workpiece processing is affected, the production efficiency is greatly reduced, and the requirements of the manufacturing development of the modern machine tool can not be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the technical defects of poor data accuracy and low machining qualification rate in the prior art, and provides a thermal deformation compensation method of a workbench mobile machine tool, which can effectively reduce the original point drift amount of the machine tool caused by thermal expansion, improve the machining precision of the machine tool and improve the machining qualification rate of the machine tool.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a thermal deformation compensation method of a workbench mobile machine tool comprises the following steps:
s1, a floatable comparison piece is arranged on a workbench, the comparison piece is positioned at one side close to a grating ruler reading head, and the length of the comparison piece is recorded as L4;
S2, a first length meter is arranged at the joint of the upright post and the lathe bed, and the number of the first length meter is denoted as a;
s3, a second length meter is arranged at the rear end face of the lathe bed, and the number of the second length meter is denoted as b;
s4, a third length meter is arranged at one end of the comparison piece, facing the milling head part, and the number of the third length meter is denoted as c;
S5, the distance from the central axis of the end face of the milling head part to the grating ruler reading head is recorded as L3, the distance from the first length meter to the grating ruler reading head is recorded as L2, and the distance from the first length meter to the second length meter is recorded as L1;
S6, introducing the numerical values remembered in the steps S1 to S5 into a calculation formula:
And calculating a compensation value through the formula, and compensating the X-axis grating ruler in real time by using the compensation value through a numerical control system.
According to a further development of the invention, the end of the contrast element facing the grating scale reading head is fixed by means of a pin, the end of the contrast element facing the milling head part is connected with an elastic element, and the contrast element is kept floating by means of the elastic element.
A further development of the invention provides that the end of the contrast element facing the milling head part is provided with a slot, and that the contrast element is connected to the elastic element via the slot.
According to a further improvement of the invention, the contrast member is made of invar steel.
In a further improvement of the present invention, in S2, the probe of the first length meter is abutted against the front surface of the upright.
In the step S2, the first length meter is fixed on the ground by using a bracket, and the side head of the first length meter is kept at a certain compression amount, so that the first length meter can obtain effective indication when the upright post is deformed forwards or backwards.
In a further improvement of the present invention, in S3, the measuring head of the second length meter abuts against the rear end face of the lathe bed.
In the step S3, the second length gauge is fixed on the ground by using a bracket, and the side head of the second length gauge is kept at a certain compression amount, so that the second length gauge can obtain effective indication when the rear end surface of the lathe bed is deformed forwards or backwards.
In a further development of the invention, in S4, the lateral head of the third length gauge is supported on the end face of the floating end of the comparison element.
In the step S4, the third length gauge is fixed on the workbench by using a bracket, and the side head of the third length gauge is kept at a certain compression amount, so that the third length gauge can obtain effective indication when the workbench is extended and shortened.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the method is simple and convenient to operate, the compensation amount is accurate, the original point drift amount of the machine tool caused by thermal expansion can be reduced, the machining precision of the machine tool is greatly improved, and the machining qualification rate of the machine tool is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description will be briefly introduced below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
1. A work table; 2. a column; 3. a bed body; 4. a contrast member; 5. a milling head component; 6. A grating ruler reading head; 7. a first length gauge; 8. a second length gauge; 9. and a third length gauge.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in this specific embodiment, and it is apparent that the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments in this patent, which would be within the purview of one of ordinary skill in the art without the particular effort to make the invention are intended to be within the scope of the patent protection.
Referring now to FIG. 1, in connection with a specific embodiment, the following is described: the invention relates to a thermal deformation compensation method of a workbench mobile machine tool, which comprises the following steps:
S1, a contrast piece 4 with the length L4 is arranged on a workbench 1; the contrast piece 4 is made of invar steel, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the material is extremely small, so that thermal deformation hardly occurs; the contrast piece 4 is located and is close to one side of grating chi reading head 6, and the contrast piece adopts the pin to fix towards the one end of grating chi reading head 6, and the one end of contrast piece 4 towards cutter head part 5 is provided with the slot hole, and contrast piece 4 is connected with elastic element through the slot hole to contrast piece 4 utilizes elastic element to keep floating.
S2, a first length meter 7 is arranged at the joint of the upright post 2 and the lathe bed 3, the first length meter 7 is fixed on the ground by a bracket, and a measuring head of the first length meter 7 is propped against the front surface of the upright post 2; the first length meter 7 is adjusted to keep a certain compression amount of the measuring head, so that the first length meter 7 can obtain effective indication when the upright post 2 is deformed forwards or backwards, and the indication of the first length meter 7 is indicated as a.
S3, arranging a second length meter 8 at the rear end face of the lathe bed 3, wherein the second length meter 8 is fixed on the ground by a bracket, and a measuring head of the second length meter 8 is propped against the rear end face of the lathe bed 3; the second length meter 8 is adjusted to keep a certain compression amount of the measuring head, so that the second length meter 8 can obtain effective indication when the rear end surface of the lathe bed 3 deforms forwards or backwards, and the indication number of the second length meter 8 is denoted as b.
S4, a third length meter 9 is arranged at one end of the comparison piece 4, facing the milling head part 5, the third length meter 9 is fixed on the workbench 1 by a bracket, and a measuring head of the third length meter 9 is propped against the end face of the floating end of the comparison piece 4; the third length meter 9 is adjusted to keep a certain compression amount of the measuring head, so that the effective indication of the third length meter 9 can be ensured when the workbench 1 is extended and shortened, and the indication of the third length meter 9 is indicated as c.
S5, the distance from the central axis of the end face of the milling head part 5 to the grating ruler reading head 6 is recorded as L3, the distance from the first length meter 7 to the grating ruler reading head 6 is recorded as L2, and the distance from the first length meter 7 to the second length meter 8 is recorded as L1.
S6, bringing the numerical values remembered in the steps S1 to S5 into a calculation formula:
and calculating a compensation value through the formula, and compensating the X-axis grating ruler in real time by using the calculated compensation value through a numerical control system.
The principle of the invention is as follows: according to the invention, aiming at a workbench mobile machine tool, a contrast piece 4 made of invar steel is arranged on a workbench 1, the thermal expansion coefficient of the invar steel is extremely low, and the temperature change has no influence on the invar steel. The thermal deformation amount of the table 1 was measured by comparing the thermal deformation amount of the table 1 with the characteristics of invar. Then three length meters, namely a first length meter 7, a second length meter 8 and a third length meter 9 are arranged on the machine body 3 and the workbench 1. And the three length meters are used for remembering the required indication, the indication is brought into a calculation formula, so that the actual compensation quantity is obtained, and finally, the calculated compensation quantity is used for compensating the X-axis grating ruler in real time by using a numerical control system.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (4)
1. The thermal deformation compensation method of the workbench mobile machine tool is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
S1, a floatable comparison piece (4) is arranged on a workbench (1), the comparison piece (4) is positioned at one side close to a grating ruler reading head (6), and the length of the comparison piece (4) is recorded as L4;
S2, a first length meter (7) is arranged at the joint of the upright post (2) and the lathe bed (3), a measuring head of the first length meter (7) is propped against the front surface of the upright post (2), and the first length meter (7) is fixed on the ground by a bracket; the lateral head of the first length meter (7) is kept with a certain compression amount, so that the effective indication of the first length meter (7) can be obtained when the upright post (2) is deformed forwards or backwards, and the indication of the first length meter (7) is marked as a;
S3, a second length meter (8) is arranged at the rear end face of the lathe bed (3), a measuring head of the second length meter (8) is propped against the rear end face of the lathe bed (3), and the second length meter (8) is fixed on the ground by a bracket; the side heads of the second length meter (8) keep a certain compression amount, so that the second length meter (8) can obtain effective indication when the rear end surface of the lathe bed (3) deforms forwards or backwards, and the indication of the second length meter (8) is denoted as b;
S4, a third length meter (9) is arranged at one end of the comparison piece (4) facing the milling head part (5), a side head of the third length meter (9) is propped against the end face of the floating end of the comparison piece (4), and the third length meter (9) is fixed on the workbench (1) by a bracket; the lateral head of the third length meter (9) is kept with a certain compression amount, so that the effective indication number of the third length meter (9) can be obtained when the workbench (1) is extended and shortened, and the indication number of the third length meter (9) is indicated as c;
s5, the distance from the central axis of the end face of the milling head part (5) to the grating ruler reading head (6) is recorded as L3, the distance from the first length meter (7) to the grating ruler reading head (6) is recorded as L2, and the distance from the first length meter (7) to the second length meter (8) is recorded as L1;
S6, introducing the numerical values remembered in the steps S1 to S5 into a calculation formula:
And calculating a compensation value through the formula, and compensating the X-axis grating ruler in real time by using the compensation value through a numerical control system.
2. The thermal deformation compensation method of a worktable mobile machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that one end of the contrast member (4) facing the grating scale reading head (6) is fixed by a pin, one end of the contrast member (4) facing the milling head part (5) is connected with an elastic element, and the contrast member (4) is kept floating by the elastic element.
3. A method of compensating for thermal deformations of a table-moving machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the end of the contrast member (4) facing the milling head part (5) is provided with a slot and that the contrast member (4) is connected with the resilient element via the slot.
4. A method of compensating for thermal deformations of a table moving machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the contrast member (4) is made of invar steel.
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| CN107378637A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-11-24 | 中国重型机械研究院股份公司 | A kind of numerical control machining tool heat error control structure and method |
| CN109613889A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-04-12 | 安徽理工大学 | Numerically-controlled machine tool on-machine measurement system comprehensive error compensation method based on differential transform |
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| CN101844318B (en) * | 2010-05-24 | 2013-04-17 | 四川长征机床集团有限公司 | Compensation method and device for heat distortion of machine tool position ring |
| US8845247B2 (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2014-09-30 | Buffalo Machinery Company Limited | Thermal compensation system for a milling machine |
| CN103495905B (en) * | 2013-09-04 | 2016-06-29 | 沈机集团昆明机床股份有限公司 | The detection of numerical control machine tool ram thermal stretching distortion inaccuracy real-time online and closed loop feedback compensation device and detection method |
| KR102053465B1 (en) * | 2013-10-08 | 2019-12-10 | 두산공작기계 주식회사 | Automatic conversion device of themal deformation compensation parameter automatic conversion for machine tool and method thereof |
| WO2019084948A1 (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2019-05-09 | 大连理工大学 | Radial thermal drift error modeling and compensation method for main spindle of horizontal cnc lathe |
| CN114660992A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-06-24 | 环球工业机械（东莞）有限公司 | Machine tool thermal error compensation method and device, computer equipment, system and machine tool |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107378637A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-11-24 | 中国重型机械研究院股份公司 | A kind of numerical control machining tool heat error control structure and method |
| CN109613889A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-04-12 | 安徽理工大学 | Numerically-controlled machine tool on-machine measurement system comprehensive error compensation method based on differential transform |
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