CN117892747A - Collision resistant simplex communication system and method based on RF energy harvesting tag chip - Google Patents
Collision resistant simplex communication system and method based on RF energy harvesting tag chip Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117892747A CN117892747A CN202410140708.0A CN202410140708A CN117892747A CN 117892747 A CN117892747 A CN 117892747A CN 202410140708 A CN202410140708 A CN 202410140708A CN 117892747 A CN117892747 A CN 117892747A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- tag chip
- radio frequency
- chip
- unique
- gateway
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The present invention discloses a collision resistant simplex communication system based on an RF energy harvesting tag chip and an anti-collision method for the tag chip. A simplex communication system, including a gateway and an RF energy collection chip. The gateway is used to provide charging and modulation carriers for the RF energy collection tag chip, send naming codes for polling according to the set time, collect and process data from the RF energy collection tag chip, and interact with external networks to transmit the data to the target terminal; The RF energy collection tag chip is used to collect charging and modulation carriers sent by the gateway for charging. After receiving the transmission code from the gateway, it matches and sends the unique ID information of the chip to the gateway. The present invention utilizes the uniqueness of chip IDs to generate unique naming codes, solving the collision problem of batch RF energy collection chips. Compared with traditional solutions, it has lower latency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tag anti-collision, and particularly relates to an anti-collision simplex communication system based on a radio frequency energy collecting tag chip and an anti-collision method of the tag chip.
Background
The tag chip based on radio frequency energy collection is one of the devices commonly used in wireless communication and Internet of things, and can realize energy collection and data communication. However, in large scale tag chip deployments, collision issues are a critical challenge. Collisions can lead to reduced communication quality and data transmission errors, affecting the reliability and performance of the system. Therefore, it is of great importance to develop an effective tag chip anti-collision method and system.
The main aim of the tag chip anti-collision technology is to process signals of a plurality of tag chips simultaneously so as to reduce collision and improve communication efficiency and reliability of a system. The effective anti-collision method can improve the recognition rate: the tag chip anti-collision method can ensure that each tag chip is uniquely identified and required data is accurately extracted. The accuracy and the reliability of the Internet of things system are improved; improving the transmission efficiency: the anti-collision method for the tag chips can enable a plurality of tag chips to simultaneously communicate and transmit data without waiting for other tag chips to complete communication. This effectively improves the transmission efficiency and response speed of the system; the failure rate is reduced: through an effective anti-collision method, mutual interference and collision among tag chips can be avoided, and the possibility of data transmission errors and system faults is reduced.
The RFID system employs the following main anti-collision schemes:
Time slot (Slotting) scheme: tags are assigned to different time slots, each allowing only one tag to communicate. The reader/writer sends a query to each time slot in turn to identify the tag. This ensures that each tag has an opportunity to communicate with the reader, but results in an extended response time of the system; random (Randomized) scheme: after receiving the inquiry of the reader-writer, the tag randomly selects a time delay and responds. This reduces collisions of multiple tags responding simultaneously, but may also occur in response collisions. Arbitration (Collision Arbitration) scheme: after receiving the inquiry of the reader-writer, the tag responds within a specific time window and detects whether collision occurs or not through a collision detection mechanism. If a collision occurs, the tag will wait for a random time and then respond again to reduce the likelihood of a collision.
Although RFID systems employ anti-collision schemes to handle multi-tag situations, there are still some limitations: throughput is limited and in the case of multiple tags, RFID systems require additional time to handle collisions, which can result in reduced throughput of the system; when the density of the labels is increased, the interference and collision between the labels are increased, so that the performance of the system is reduced, and therefore, in a high-density scene, the working parameters of the reader-writer and the labels may need to be adjusted to improve the reliability of the system; in some cases, even with an optimized anti-collision scheme, the collision problem cannot be completely avoided. Particularly in environments where the number of tags is high and the density is high, the system may not be able to accurately distinguish and locate each tag.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at overcoming the defects of the prior art, and provides a simplex communication system capable of preventing collision and based on a radio frequency energy collecting tag chip and a collision preventing method of the tag chip.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a collision-resistant simplex communication system based on a radio frequency energy harvesting tag chip, comprising: the gateway and the radio frequency energy collection chip;
The gateway is used for providing charging and modulating carrier waves for the radio frequency energy collection tag chip, sending codes for polling according to set time, collecting and processing data transmitted from the radio frequency energy collection tag chip, interacting with an external network and transmitting the data to the target terminal;
The radio frequency energy collection tag chip is used for collecting charging energy sent by the gateway and modulating carrier waves for charging, matching is carried out after codes transmitted by the gateway are received, and after codes are matched, unique ID information of the chip is sent to the gateway.
Further, the radio frequency energy collection tag chip comprises a radio frequency energy collection module, a super capacitor, a digital baseband module, a backscatter modulation module, a code matching module and a storage module;
The radio frequency energy collection module is used for collecting external radio frequency signals and converting the external radio frequency signals into direct current;
the super capacitor is used for charging by using the converted direct current so as to be used by the whole chip;
The storage module is used for storing unique ID information of the tag, data to be sent and received data;
The digital baseband module is used for reading the information in the storage module and converting the information into a modulation signal suitable for transmission by reading the ID information in the storage module;
The code matching module is used for generating codes from the unique ID information of the tag chip and matching the codes with codes in the charging signals transmitted by the gateway;
the back scattering modulation module is used for converting the modulation signal generated by the digital baseband module into a corresponding waveform signal after codes are matched and sending the waveform signal to the gateway.
Further, codes are generated by the following steps:
reading unique ID information of the characterization tag chip in the storage module, wherein the information length is N;
Selecting a corresponding coding mode and a low-order code length;
and generating a unique low-order code of the unique ID information according to the coding mode.
Furthermore, the encoding mode adopts a hash function.
Further, the generation of the unique low-order code from the unique ID information specifically employs the following steps:
dividing the unique ID information into a plurality of fixed-size blocks;
Converting each block into a hash value according to the rule of the hash function, and sequentially connecting the hash values of all the blocks to form a final hash value;
and introducing an additional random value into the hash value for confusion in a salt adding mode to obtain a low-order unique code of the high-order code.
Further, the radio frequency energy collection tag chip further comprises an energy management module for managing and storing the collected energy, controlling the working states and energy supply of other modules, and ensuring the normal operation of the tag chip.
Further, the radio frequency energy collection module includes: an antenna, an impedance matching unit and a rectifying voltage doubling circuit; the antenna is used for collecting external radio frequency signals and transmitting the external radio frequency signals to the rectification voltage doubling circuit; the impedance matching unit is used for converting the high impedance of the antenna into the low impedance required by the rectification voltage doubling circuit, so that the energy transmission efficiency is improved to the greatest extent; the rectification voltage doubling circuit is used for converting the high-frequency alternating current signal of the antenna into direct current voltage.
The anti-collision method for the tag chip adopts the anti-collision simplex communication system based on the radio frequency energy collecting tag chip, and comprises the following steps of:
(1) Each tag chip stores unique ID information and generates unique codes from the unique ID information;
(2) The gateway provides charging and modulating carrier waves for the radio frequency energy collection tag chip and transmits codes for polling according to set time;
(3) The tag chip receives codes transmitted by the gateway and then matches the codes, and after codes are matched, the unique ID information of the chip is transmitted to the gateway.
Compared with the method, the prior art has the following defects:
1. Conventional RFID anti-collision schemes have the risk of collision and collision, and multiple tags transmit data simultaneously, resulting in data corruption and reading errors
2. The traditional RFID tag anti-collision scheme needs two-way communication confirmation of the tag and the gateway, and has higher requirements on the architecture and instantaneity of the chip.
3. According to the traditional label anti-collision scheme, anti-collision detection of the label cannot be realized under the conditions that a chip is non-real-time, and the duty ratio exists between chip charging and working;
4. The area with high energy density has high tag transmission frequency, and the low-frequency tag is crowded, so that the low-frequency tag in the area with smaller energy cannot be identified;
5. The traditional code lighting scheme needs the one-to-one correspondence of the chip and the gateway in the installation process, and has the advantages of high installation error rate, complicated process and high cost;
The invention has the advantages that:
1. By utilizing the uniqueness of the chip Id, a unique code is generated, so that the problem of collision of batch radio frequency energy collection chips is solved, and compared with the traditional scheme, the time delay is lower;
2. the method solves the problems that under the scene that the radio frequency energy chip cannot realize two-way communication, the chip end code is automatically generated and the gateway end automatically lights the polling scheme, and the collision problem is solved. Compared with manual writing yards, the method saves time and labor;
3. the chip scheme greatly improves the limit sensitivity of the radio frequency energy collection chip, and simultaneously solves the problem of label collision resistance of the radio frequency energy collection chip which is more challenging and brought in the scene.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a tag chip collision avoidance system based on radio frequency energy harvesting, according to an embodiment.
2 fig. 2 is a flowchart of embodiment code auto-generation.
3 FIG. 3 is a diagram of a code activation timing charge square wave according to an embodiment .
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present application, a technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present application.
It is noted that the terms "comprises" and "comprising," and any variations thereof, in the description and claims of the present application and in the foregoing figures, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
A tag chip anti-collision system based on radio frequency energy collection is shown in fig. 1, a gateway and a radio frequency energy collection chip, wherein the radio frequency energy collection chip comprises a radio frequency energy collection module, a super capacitor, an energy management module, a digital baseband module, a backscatter modulation module, a code matching module and a storage module. The radio frequency energy collection module, the super capacitor and the energy management module are sequentially connected, and the energy management module is connected with the digital baseband module, the backscatter modulation module, the transmission matching module and the storage module.
The radio frequency energy collection module comprises an antenna, an impedance matching unit and a rectification voltage doubling circuit, wherein the antenna is used for collecting external radio frequency signals and converting the external radio frequency signals into currents, and transmitting the currents to the rectification voltage doubling circuit; the antenna is designed according to the radio frequency scene and the chip impedance characteristic, the antenna has higher energy receiving efficiency (S11 curve >20 dB) in the working frequency band, the polarization mode is close to circular polarization, the feed point is directly connected with the chip, and the antenna and the chip impedance form conjugate matching.
The impedance matching unit is used for converting the high impedance of the antenna into the low impedance required by the rectification voltage doubling circuit, so that the energy transmission efficiency is improved to the greatest extent. The rectification voltage doubling circuit converts the high-frequency alternating current signal of the antenna into direct current voltage so as to extract energy from the radio frequency signal, the voltage doubling enables the output direct current voltage to adapt to the charging requirements of a subsequent circuit and a super capacitor, and the capacitor can be charged for the subsequent module by converting the radio frequency energy into higher direct current voltage.
Designing and selecting a super capacitor with proper capacity and industry according to the working requirements of each module of the chip; the super capacitor needs to meet the power supply of one complete operation of the whole operating circuit and reduce the small limit on the charging voltage as much as possible.
Energy management module: the system is used for managing and storing the collected energy, controlling the working states and energy supply of other modules and ensuring the normal operation of the tag chip. The energy management module realizes high-efficiency direct current-to-direct current (DC-DC) conversion, management and storage, manages the working switch states of all circuits, generates power supply voltages required by all nodes, and has the management capability of wide input power/voltage range. The method comprises the following steps: the voltage comparison circuit, XL oscillation circuit, voltage reference circuit, low voltage linear voltage regulator (LDO) circuit.
Digital baseband module: the method is used for reading information in the storage module, and converting the information into a modulation signal suitable for transmission by reading ID data in the storage module so as to prepare for subsequent signal transmission. The device mainly comprises a clock circuit, a time sequence control module and a data modulation module. RING AMPLIFIER degrade into a ring oscillator and continue to oscillate. For any value of the input value Vin in the "dead-zone" range,
The clock generation circuit is responsible for generating a bit clock signal so as to ensure that data can be correctly demodulated at a receiving end; the module needs to generate a corresponding bit clock for sampling and demodulation of data according to the clock frequency and the data rate requirements. The data modulation module is responsible for realizing ASK or FSK modulation, receives data from the data memory, carries out waveform modulation according to a preset modulation algorithm and outputs a corresponding modulation signal.
And a storage module: the information used in the storage system comprises data to be transmitted and received data, and the information is a unique ID signal of the tag in the tag chip.
And a backscatter modulation module: and the digital baseband module is responsible for converting the modulation signal generated by the digital baseband module into a corresponding waveform signal. The backscattering module receives the signals of the digital baseband module, controls the impedance matching switch with 0 and 1 of the signals, and enables the antenna end to reflect the carrier signals transmitted by the gateway to different degrees, and transmits ID signals to the gateway.
code matching module: the module is used for matching codes in the received charging signals transmitted by the gateway. The energy management module is used for matching codes and codes in a charging signal transmitted by the gateway, and once the codes are matched, the energy management module starts back scattering modulation.
Gateway: providing charging and modulating carrier waves for the radio frequency energy collecting chip, sending codes for polling after a period of time (theoretically enabling all tags to be powered on), collecting and processing data transmitted from the backscatter modulation module, and interacting with an external network; the method is mainly responsible for receiving and processing the data transmitted by the backscatter modulation module, communicating with an external network and interacting with the data, and transmitting the data to a target terminal. As shown in fig. 3, the form of codes in the charge square wave is as follows, the fixed time delay is units, 6 units form codes, a in fig. 3 shows codes of 101010, and b shows codes of 101110;
a code automatic generation method is shown in the flow chart of figure 2:
1. Reading unique ID information of the characterization chip in a memory, wherein the information length is N;
2. selecting a corresponding coding mode;
3. selecting the original data length and the low-order code length of the corresponding coding mode;
4. generating a unique low-order code according to the coding mode;
the specific method comprises the following steps:
1. A hash function is first determined.
2. The input data is partitioned into appropriately sized blocks, which may be bytes, characters, or other suitable units.
3. Each block is converted into a hash value according to the rules of the hash function. The hash function will convert each block to a fixed length hash value.
4. The hash values of all the blocks are concatenated in sequence to form the final hash value.
5. And (3) carrying out hash collision processing, namely introducing additional random values into a hash function to carry out confusion by adopting a salt adding (salt) mode.
6. A unique code of the lower bits of the higher bit code is obtained.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A collision-resistant simplex communication system based on a radio frequency energy harvesting tag chip, comprising: the gateway and the radio frequency energy collection chip;
The gateway is used for providing charging and modulating carrier waves for the radio frequency energy collection tag chip, sending codes for polling according to set time, collecting and processing data transmitted from the radio frequency energy collection tag chip, interacting with an external network and transmitting the data to the target terminal;
The radio frequency energy collection tag chip is used for collecting charging energy sent by the gateway and modulating carrier waves for charging, matching is carried out after codes transmitted by the gateway are received, and after codes are matched, unique ID information of the chip is sent to the gateway.
2. The collision-resistant, rf energy harvesting tag chip based simplex communication system of claim 1, wherein: the radio frequency energy collection tag chip comprises a radio frequency energy collection module, a super capacitor, a digital baseband module, a backscatter modulation module, a code matching module and a storage module;
The radio frequency energy collection module is used for collecting external radio frequency signals and converting the external radio frequency signals into direct current;
the super capacitor is used for charging by using the converted direct current so as to be used by the whole chip;
The storage module is used for storing unique ID information of the tag, data to be sent and received data;
The digital baseband module is used for reading the information in the storage module and converting the information into a modulation signal suitable for transmission by reading the ID information in the storage module;
The code matching module is used for generating codes from the unique ID information of the tag chip and matching the codes with codes in the charging signals transmitted by the gateway;
the back scattering modulation module is used for converting the modulation signal generated by the digital baseband module into a corresponding waveform signal after codes are matched and sending the waveform signal to the gateway.
3. The collision-resistant, rf energy harvesting tag chip based simplex communication system of claim 2, wherein: the codes are generated by the following steps:
reading unique ID information of the characterization tag chip in the storage module, wherein the information length is N;
Selecting a corresponding coding mode and a low-order code length;
and generating a unique low-order code of the unique ID information according to the coding mode.
4. The collision-resistant, rf energy harvesting tag chip based simplex communication system of claim 2, wherein: the coding mode adopts a hash function.
5. The collision-resistant, rf energy harvesting tag chip based simplex communication system of claim 4, wherein: the unique ID information is generated into a unique low-order code by the following steps:
dividing the unique ID information into a plurality of fixed-size blocks;
Converting each block into a hash value according to the rule of the hash function, and sequentially connecting the hash values of all the blocks to form a final hash value;
and introducing an additional random value into the hash value for confusion in a salt adding mode to obtain a low-order unique code of the high-order code.
6. The collision-resistant, rf energy harvesting tag chip based simplex communication system of claim 2, wherein: the radio frequency energy collection tag chip further comprises an energy management module, wherein the energy management module is used for managing and storing the collected energy, controlling the working states and energy supply of other modules and ensuring the normal operation of the tag chip.
7. The collision-resistant, rf energy harvesting tag chip based simplex communication system of claim 2, wherein: the radio frequency energy collection module comprises: an antenna, an impedance matching unit and a rectifying voltage doubling circuit; the antenna is used for collecting external radio frequency signals and transmitting the external radio frequency signals to the rectification voltage doubling circuit; the impedance matching unit is used for converting the high impedance of the antenna into the low impedance required by the rectification voltage doubling circuit, so that the energy transmission efficiency is improved to the greatest extent; the rectification voltage doubling circuit is used for converting the high-frequency alternating current signal of the antenna into direct current voltage.
8. A method for preventing a tag chip from collision, which adopts the simplex communication system capable of preventing a collision and based on the radio frequency energy collecting tag chip as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 7, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Each tag chip stores unique ID information and generates unique codes from the unique ID information;
(2) The gateway provides charging and modulating carrier waves for the radio frequency energy collection tag chip and transmits codes for polling according to set time;
(3) The tag chip receives codes transmitted by the gateway and then matches the codes, and after codes are matched, the unique ID information of the chip is transmitted to the gateway.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410140708.0A CN117892747A (en) | 2024-02-01 | 2024-02-01 | Collision resistant simplex communication system and method based on RF energy harvesting tag chip |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410140708.0A CN117892747A (en) | 2024-02-01 | 2024-02-01 | Collision resistant simplex communication system and method based on RF energy harvesting tag chip |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117892747A true CN117892747A (en) | 2024-04-16 |
Family
ID=90644653
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410140708.0A Pending CN117892747A (en) | 2024-02-01 | 2024-02-01 | Collision resistant simplex communication system and method based on RF energy harvesting tag chip |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117892747A (en) |
-
2024
- 2024-02-01 CN CN202410140708.0A patent/CN117892747A/en active Pending
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US7009518B2 (en) | RFID communication system and the search method thereof | |
| JP4709895B2 (en) | Non-contact type IC card for data communication using multiple protocols and communication method therefor | |
| WO2009088153A1 (en) | Tag identification method, tag anti-collision method, rfid tag | |
| CN107276768B (en) | C interface board circuit for ground electronic unit | |
| CN104361388A (en) | Ultrahigh-frequency wireless sensing tag | |
| CN108183731A (en) | A kind of low power architecture system of ultra-high-frequency passive RFID digital basebands | |
| CN103053118B (en) | Hybrid architecture for radio frequency identification and packet radio communication | |
| CN103955736A (en) | Radio frequency identification electronic tag with photoelectric conversion power supply function | |
| JP2007199871A (en) | Non-contact ic card reader device | |
| EP1614268B1 (en) | A transponder reader capable of reading transponders having different signalling protocols | |
| CN101431349A (en) | Wireless memory device, system and method | |
| CN108847011A (en) | More electric energy meter data method for reading and system based on RFID communication | |
| CN102968659A (en) | Radio frequency identification wireless and wired interactive communication method and radio frequency identification | |
| CN102768733B (en) | Be applicable to the multi-label anti-collision algorithm of rfid system, rfid system and read write line | |
| CN117892747A (en) | Collision resistant simplex communication system and method based on RF energy harvesting tag chip | |
| CN100401108C (en) | System and method for communicating with electronic labels | |
| US8111781B2 (en) | Radio frequency identification (RFID) interrogators | |
| Wang et al. | A novel anti-collision algorithm with dynamic tag number estimation for RFID systems | |
| CN104598946A (en) | Method used for testing minimum triggering power of RFID (radio frequency identification) tag and based on virtual instrument | |
| CN201540583U (en) | RFID smart antenna | |
| CN203870655U (en) | Photoelectric automatically-transforming passive RFID tag | |
| Zhao et al. | LILAC: Computable capabilities based high performance protocol for CRFID | |
| US7738838B2 (en) | Non-contact RF ID system communication method, non-contact RF ID system, transmitter, and receiver | |
| US20060226245A1 (en) | Encoding format for passive radio frequency identification (RFID) system | |
| CN113938164B (en) | Data transmission system based on UHF RFID radio frequency interference |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication |