CN117891771A - Multimode group data interaction equipment - Google Patents

Multimode group data interaction equipment Download PDF

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CN117891771A
CN117891771A CN202410290312.4A CN202410290312A CN117891771A CN 117891771 A CN117891771 A CN 117891771A CN 202410290312 A CN202410290312 A CN 202410290312A CN 117891771 A CN117891771 A CN 117891771A
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power module
control unit
bus
main control
data
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CN117891771B (en
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Itech Electronic Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses multi-module data interaction equipment, which comprises a main control unit and a multi-channel power module unit, wherein the main control unit controls the power module unit and realizes a man-machine interaction function, the power module unit responds in real time to receive a control instruction of the main control unit, manages faults and states of the power module and is used for outputting power, and the main control unit and the power module unit realize information interaction through three groups of buses, namely an uploading bus, a command bus and a data bus, and realize a time-sharing multiplexing data bus among channels so as to realize a parallel function. According to the invention, on one hand, the selection of the existing communication protocol is avoided, on the other hand, the communication among a plurality of modules can be realized, the wiring of the main control unit and the multi-channel data interaction physical layer is simple, the three groups of buses realize the interaction of real-time data between the main control unit and the multi-channel modules, and the real-time data interaction among channels is realized.

Description

Multimode group data interaction equipment
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of data communication transmission, in particular to multi-module data interaction equipment.
Background
The existing internal communication modes include SPI, i2c, uart, serial port, ethernet network or PCI, PCIE, etc., wherein SPI, i2c is a synchronous data bus, that is, it uses a separate data line and a separate clock signal to ensure perfect synchronization between the transmitting end and the receiving end, but at least requires a clock and a data line.
Uart is serial, asynchronous, full duplex protocol serial communication refers to transmitting data in bit order using one transmission line, or may use two signal lines to form full duplex communication, such as rs232. The communication line is simple, the communication can be realized by using a simple cable, the cost is reduced, and the communication line is suitable for long-distance communication, but the transmission speed is low in application occasions.
Ethernet is one of the most common computer networks in the real world. There are two types of ethernet: the first type is classical ethernet and the second type is switched ethernet, using a device called a switch to connect different computers. The classical Ethernet is an original form of Ethernet, and the running speed is different from 3 Mbps to 10 Mbps; switched ethernet is a widely used ethernet that can operate at high rates such as 100, 1000, and 10000Mbps, but the ethernet protocol and physical layer are complex.
PCI is a local parallel bus standard, which is a synchronous, processor-independent, 32-bit or 64-bit local bus. The PCI bus is a tree structure and is independent of the CPU bus and can operate in parallel with the CPU bus. The PCI bus can be connected with PCI devices and PCI bridge pieces in a hanging mode, only one PCI master device is allowed on the PCI bus, other PCI slave devices are all used, the read-write operation can only be carried out between the master device and the slave device, and the PCI protocol is complex.
PCI-Express (peripheral component interconnect express), PCIE for short, is a high-speed serial computer expansion bus standard, is a full duplex connection bus, and the size of the transmission data quantity is determined by the number of channels. Typically one connection lane is called X1, each lane is made up of two pairs of data lines, one pair transmitting and one pair receiving, each pair comprising two differential lines. I.e. X1 has only 1 lane,4 data lines, each clock transmitting 1bit of data per direction. By analogy, X2 has 2 lanes, consisting of multiple data lines, each clock transmitting 2 bits. Similarly, X12, X16, and X32 are also described. PCIE architectures generally include root component RC (rootcomplex), switch, end device EP (endpoint) and other PCIE devices. RC has only one in the bus architecture for connection between the processor and memory subsystem and the I/O devices, while the functionality of the switch is typically provided in software, which includes two or more logical PCI-to-PCI bridges to maintain compatibility with existing PCIs, with specific functionality similar to current network switches. This protocol is complex as well as hardware.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at: the multi-module data interaction method of the equipment is provided, and the problem that the number of communication lines between a main control unit of a communication protocol and a plurality of modules is too large in the prior art is solved.
The invention discloses multi-module data interaction equipment, which comprises a main control unit and a plurality of power module units, wherein the main control unit controls the power module units, the power module units receive control instructions of the main control unit and manage faults and states of the power modules and output power, and the main control unit and the power module units realize information interaction through an uploading bus, a command bus and a data bus;
each power module unit corresponds to an uploading bus, and the uploading bus is unidirectional and is used for transmitting real-time circuit state information to the main control unit by the power module unit;
the command bus is used for the main control unit to send command setting and inquiring information requests to each power module unit, after the main control unit sends the command, the power module unit corresponding to the sent command setting or inquiring information request is confirmed, and the power module unit and the main control unit time-sharing multiplex the command bus;
the data buses are multiplexed by the master control unit and the master power module unit in a time sharing mode, the master control unit sends summarized message information of the parallel power module units to the parallel power module units in a time sharing mode, and meanwhile, after the parallel master power module units receive the messages of the master control unit, the data buses are multiplexed in a time sharing mode and transmitted to the slave power module units to set message information, and the slave power module units respectively receive the messages sent by the master control unit and the messages of the master power module units to control the slave power module units.
The power module units form a multi-channel power module unit.
The uploading bus physical layer is a unidirectional pair of differential lines, each power module unit is provided with a pair of differential lines connected with the main control unit, and the main control unit asynchronously samples serial data bits to obtain bus message data.
The uploading bus is used for transmitting real-time voltage and current information of the power module to the main control unit at regular time.
The uploading bus is also used for transmitting real-time protection information, state and ID information of the power module unit to the main control unit at regular time.
And after the main control unit sends the command, acquiring data of the response request of the power module from the command bus.
And the message sent by the main control unit and the message sent by the main power module unit are sequentially multiplexed with the data bus in a data bus period.
After the main power module unit receives the message sent by the main control unit, the main control unit releases the data bus sending control right, outputs high resistance, and the machine main power module unit obtains the data bus sending control right, drives the data bus to send a set message and obtains all the messages from the power module unit.
When the parallel operation function is realized among a plurality of power module units, the master control unit configures one master power module unit and other plurality of slave power module units through a command bus.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. under the condition of realizing multiple groups of equipment, the communication physical layer is simple to connect;
2. the physical layer wiring of the main control unit and the multichannel data interaction is simple, and three groups of buses realize real-time data interaction between the main control unit and the multichannel modules, and simultaneously realize real-time data interaction between channels.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a device bus connection as disclosed herein.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a unidirectional upload line of the present disclosure.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an upload bus message format according to the present disclosure.
Fig. 4 is a diagram of the physical layer of a bus in accordance with the present disclosure.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a command bus message format according to the present disclosure.
FIG. 6 is a timing diagram of a timing message for a data bus according to the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The following describes in detail the examples of the present invention, which are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed embodiments and specific operation procedures are given, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention discloses a multi-module data interaction device, which comprises a main control unit and a multi-channel power module unit, wherein the main control unit controls the multi-channel power module unit to realize a man-machine interaction function, a plurality of power module units respond in real time to receive control instructions of the main control unit, and each power module unit manages faults (such as over-temperature protection, over-voltage protection, over-current protection and over-power protection) and states (such as a module actual ON/OFF state and a module loop state) of the power module and outputs power.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the device of the present invention uses three groups of buses, that is, an upload bus, a command bus and a data bus, to implement information interaction between a master control unit and a plurality of power module units. Each power module unit corresponds to a unidirectional uploading bus, and the uploading bus is used for the power module units to transmit real-time voltage and current of the power module, protection information and state of the module and ID information to the main control unit at regular time. The uploading bus is a pair of differential lines with unidirectional physical layer, the differential lines are sent to the main control unit from the power module units, each power module unit is provided with a pair of differential lines connected with the main control unit, and the main control unit asynchronously samples serial data bits to obtain bus message data. Data with real-time requirements on voltage, current and the like are periodically transmitted continuously through a unidirectional uploading bus, so that the data are transmitted to a main control unit in real time.
The design of the format of the uploading bus message is shown in fig. 3, the frame header is set to be a serial bit 1 field with the continuous length equal to n+x bits, n represents the length of the data segment, x represents the number of bits exceeding the length of the data segment, and x is greater than 1, so that the receiving end can correctly identify the frame header of the message through the specific data segment. The start bit marks the beginning of the formal message data, and because of asynchronous communication, the bit is the phase position for the receiving end to adjust and sample the bit data, the sampling end identifies the phase position of the start bit in the data stream through the start bit, and each bit of data bit in the frame is correctly sampled by using the phase position. The data segment is interactive data, and the length of the data segment is n bits at maximum. The separator is used for ensuring that the length of a field in the message does not exceed the preset data segment length n, so that data with the same length as a frame head cannot appear in each segment of data containing the separator in the frame, and the data is distinguished from the frame head. The crc section is used for judging whether the message is correct according to whether the check message is consistent with the crc after the main control unit receives the message.
The command bus is used for transmitting read-write operation requests between the main control unit and the power module units, each power module unit confirms that if the read-write request is directed to the power module unit, the power module unit and the main control unit time-sharing multiplex the bus, the main control unit sends data of the read-write request, and after the main control unit sends the command, the power module response request data is obtained from the command bus. The command bus is a bus initiated by the main control unit and the power module unit replies immediately, the main control unit initializes the power module unit through the command bus, and the main control unit comprises messages such as issuing codes, instructions, parameters and the like, and can also poll each power module in the running process to inquire the state of each power module.
The command bus physical layer is shown in fig. 4, the main control unit is connected with a plurality of power module units through a pair of differential lines, on one hand, the differential lines are multiplexed by time-sharing transmission for nodes connected to the differential lines, and when the nodes do not transmit data, the nodes drive the interfaces of the differential lines to be high-resistance, so that only one node drives the differential lines to transmit data at any moment; on the other hand, any node on the differential line always receives the command bus message so as to confirm whether the command bus message is the access of the main control unit to the power module of the channel or not and respond, so that the information interaction between the main control unit and the power modules is realized. A pair of differential lines is a physical connection of the command bus, or the command bus is physically connected by a pair of differential lines.
The command bus protocol layer message format definition is shown in fig. 5, and since a plurality of modules share a bus, the message includes a frame header, a start bit, a read-write bit, an ID segment, an address segment, a data segment, a separator, and a crc check. The frame header section is a serial bit 1 field with continuous length equal to n+x bits, n represents the length of the data section, x represents the number of bits exceeding the length of the data section, and x is greater than 1, so that the receiving end can correctly identify the frame header of the message through the specific data section; the starting bit marks the beginning of the formal message data, because of asynchronous communication, the bit is to let the receiving end adjust the phase place of sampling this bit data, the sampling end recognizes the phase place of the starting bit in the data stream through the starting bit, use this phase place to sample each bit data bit in the frame correctly; the read-write bit is used for distinguishing whether the message is a read message or a write message; the ID section is used for designating the main control unit and the corresponding power module unit to exchange information, and the power module unit receives all messages, acquires the messages matched with the self ID and replies to the main control unit; the address section is used for indicating interaction information between the main control unit and a designated module in the power module with the configuration ID; the data segment is interactive data, and the length of the data segment is n bits at maximum; the separator is used for ensuring that the length of a field in the message does not exceed a preset length, and no matter what the data is between the separators in the frame, the data which is the same as the frame header cannot appear so as to be distinguished from the frame header; and the crc check is to recover only correct messages and discard error messages according to whether the check messages are matched with the crc after the power module receives the messages. After the power module receives the correct message configured with the self ID, if the message is a read message, the data of the specific address which needs to be read by the main control unit is replied, and the message format of the replied data is the same as the message format of the uploading bus.
Under the parallel operation condition of a plurality of power module units, the power module units are divided into a main power module unit and a slave power module unit, and a data bus is multiplexed by a main control unit and the main power module unit in a time-sharing way, on one hand, the main control unit sends parallel operation summarizing message information, such as summarizing current message information, summarizing voltage message information and the like, to the main power module unit and the slave power module unit at regular time; on the other hand, after the main power module unit receives the message of the main control unit, the data bus is multiplexed in time, the control quantity setting message information which needs to be received by the slave power module unit is transmitted, the setting message information can be a voltage setting value, a current setting value, a power setting value, or an upper limit threshold value, a lower limit threshold value and the like of the voltage and the current, and the slave power module unit respectively receives the message sent by the main control unit and the message sent by the main power module unit so as to realize the control of the slave power module unit by the main power module unit.
The physical connection of the data bus is the same as that of the command bus, but the message protocols are different, and the message format of the data bus does not need to contain an ID segment and an address segment. Because each power module needs to receive the message and analyze the message at the same time, the data in the message is obtained. The message format of the data bus is the same as that of the uploading bus, the data in the data segment comprise the data corresponding to each module, and each power module can acquire the data bit selection command of the data bus through the command bus to determine which part of data is finally selected for use. The timing sequence of the timing message of the data bus is shown in fig. 6, the message sent by the main control unit and the message sent by the main power module are multiplexed with the data bus in sequence in one data bus period, and the message of the main control unit and the message of the main power module are both N-1 in the period of t+T; when t+2T time period, the main control unit message and the main power module message are both N, when t+3T time period, the main control unit message and the main power module message are both N+1, and so on, wherein T is any time, T is a data bus period, N is a message sequence number, and the value range of N is determined by the message length sent by the main control unit, the time division multiplexing sending message length of the power module unit and the message header length which can be identified by hardware. The value range of N is also related to the message sending frequency, and is generally in microsecond level, and the time corresponding to the length of all messages multiplied by the bit duration of the messages should be smaller than the data bus period T.
The main control unit sends message data regularly, the message data contains real-time onoff, trigger data, etc., for example, the data segment contains the onoff [ multiple: 1] field, the onoff data field contains multiple bits of onoff, the command bus issues the acquired data bus selection data bit, the module 1 can select the data of the onoff [1] or acquire other onoff [ x ] bits for use. Multiple modules may be timed. Meanwhile, the data bus can also realize communication between modules, and the parallel operation function is realized. The data bus is also a real-time transmission bus, and on one hand, the data bus is that the main control unit transmits real-time control signals, such as multipath onoff signals, and each module selects a corresponding control signal in a message as a control signal of the channel according to a selection command; on the other hand, the parallel operation function among a plurality of channel modules is also realized, and the data interaction among the multi-channel modules is realized. Because of the limited bandwidth of the data bus, the voltage and current of the multiple channels are transmitted through the unidirectional uploading bus, and other real-time control signals with small data volume are transmitted through the data bus. When the parallel operation function is realized between the power modules, the main control unit configures one power module as a main power module through the command bus, the other power modules are auxiliary power modules, the main power module unit and the main control unit time-sharing multiplex the data bus after the configuration is completed, the main power module unit sends a set value, and the auxiliary power module unit receives the set value. Specifically, after the main power module correctly receives a message sent by the main control unit, the main control unit releases the data bus sending control right, outputs high resistance, and after the main power module correctly receives the message, acquires the data bus sending control right, then drives the data bus to send a set message, acquires all messages from the power module, selects data bits according to a previous command, and decides whether to use set value data sent by the main power module.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. A multi-module data interaction device, characterized by: the power module unit receives control instructions of the main control unit, manages faults and states of the power module and is used for outputting power, and information interaction is realized between the main control unit and the power module unit through an uploading bus, a command bus and a data bus;
each power module unit corresponds to an uploading bus, and the uploading bus is unidirectional and is used for transmitting real-time circuit state information to the main control unit by the power module unit;
the command bus is used for the main control unit to send command setting and inquiring information requests to each power module unit, after the main control unit sends the command, the power module unit corresponding to the sent command setting or inquiring information request is confirmed, and the power module unit and the main control unit time-sharing multiplex the command bus;
the power module units are divided into a master power module unit and a slave power module unit during parallel operation, the data buses are multiplexed by the master control unit and the master power module unit in a time-sharing manner, the master control unit sends summarized message information of the parallel operation power module units to the power module units of each parallel operation at fixed time, and meanwhile, after the parallel operation master power module units receive the messages of the master control unit, the data buses are multiplexed in a time-sharing manner and transmitted to the slave power module units to set message information, and the slave power module units respectively receive the messages sent by the master control unit and the messages of the master power module units to realize the control of the slave power module units by the master power module units.
2. A multi-module data interaction device according to claim 1, wherein: the power module units form a multi-channel power module unit.
3. A multi-module data interaction device according to claim 1, wherein: the uploading bus physical layer is a unidirectional pair of differential lines, each power module unit is provided with a pair of differential lines connected with the main control unit, and the main control unit asynchronously samples serial data bits to obtain uploading bus message data.
4. A multi-module data interaction device according to claim 1, wherein: the uploading bus is used for transmitting real-time voltage and current information of the power module unit to the main control unit at regular time.
5. A multi-module data interaction device according to claim 4, wherein: the uploading bus is also used for transmitting real-time protection information, state and ID information of the power module unit to the main control unit at regular time.
6. A multi-module data interaction device according to claim 1, wherein: and after the main control unit sends the command, acquiring the data of the power module response request from the command bus.
7. A multi-module data interaction device according to claim 1, wherein: and the message sent by the main control unit and the message sent by the main power module unit are sequentially multiplexed with the data bus in a data bus period.
8. A multi-module data interaction device according to claim 1, wherein: after the main power module unit receives the message sent by the main control unit, the main control unit releases the data bus sending control right, outputs high resistance, and the parallel machine main power module unit obtains the data bus sending control right, drives the data bus to send a set message and obtains all the messages from the power module unit.
9. A multi-module data interaction device according to claim 1, wherein: when the parallel operation function is realized among a plurality of power module units, the master control unit configures one master power module unit and other plurality of slave power module units through a command bus.
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