CN117890941A - Positioning system and method for mobile phone direct-connection satellite terminal based on phased array antenna - Google Patents
Positioning system and method for mobile phone direct-connection satellite terminal based on phased array antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN117890941A CN117890941A CN202311768038.9A CN202311768038A CN117890941A CN 117890941 A CN117890941 A CN 117890941A CN 202311768038 A CN202311768038 A CN 202311768038A CN 117890941 A CN117890941 A CN 117890941A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/38—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system
- G01S19/39—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system the satellite radio beacon positioning system transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
- G01S19/42—Determining position
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
- G01S3/02—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using radio waves
- G01S3/14—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a positioning system and a positioning method for a mobile phone direct-connection satellite terminal based on a phased array antenna. The invention solves the problems that the traditional direction-finding positioning technology faces to the situation that the mobile phone direct-connected satellite terminal has low transmitting power and the wave beam scans rapidly, and can not effectively capture the signal of the searched and detected terminal, and the advantages of the phased array antenna in wave beam control and antenna gain are utilized to comprehensively compare the advantages of amplitude-finding and arrival time difference direction-finding, so that the mobile phone direct-connected satellite terminal can be effectively positioned.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of radio monitoring and direction finding, in particular to a positioning system and method for a mobile phone direct-connection satellite terminal based on a phased array antenna.
Background
In recent years, with the continuous development of mobile communication, load platforms, rocket launching and integrated circuit engineering technologies, low-orbit satellite constellations are rapidly developed, and mobile phone direct-connection satellite communication based on low-orbit satellites also occurs. The method has the advantages of low time delay, wide coverage and the like, and rapidly becomes a big hot spot in the current satellite communication field. But this also tends to present a number of challenges including interference issues, difficult supervision, etc. Because the mobile phone direct-connection satellite terminal has small transmitting power, the traditional ground interference source searching method cannot effectively position the mobile phone direct-connection satellite terminal, and a positioning method for the mobile phone direct-connection satellite terminal does not exist in the market at present. Therefore, there is a need to develop an effective means to address the challenges of direct satellite connection of mobile phones.
Radio direction finding is a process of measuring the incoming wave direction of an unknown radiation source by using electromagnetic wave propagation characteristics and adopting radio direction finding equipment, and is actually to measure the included angle between the normal directions of wave fronts of the arriving electromagnetic waves. The amplitude comparison type direction finding and the arrival time difference direction finding belong to a radio direction finding system.
The working principle of the amplitude-comparison type direction-finding system is to measure and calculate the amplitude according to the difference of the signal amplitudes of electromagnetic waves from different directions by utilizing the direction-finding antenna array or the direction characteristics of the direction-finding antenna so as to determine the direction of the radiation source. The system is relatively simple, small in size, light in weight and low in cost compared with a radial direction-finding system, but has the problems of spacing error, polarization error, limited wave front distortion resistance and the like.
The working principle of the arrival time difference direction finding system is to determine the incoming wave direction of electromagnetic waves by measuring the time difference of the electromagnetic waves reaching different antennas in the advancing process. The direction-finding system with the arrival time difference has the characteristics of high direction-finding accuracy, high sensitivity, high direction-finding speed, insensitive polarization error, lower requirement on the environment of a direction-finding field, but poor anti-interference performance.
The triangular cross positioning technology is the most widely used positioning method at present, and mainly utilizes the incoming wave directions of the radiation sources acquired by a plurality of direction finding antennas to carry out cross positioning on the directions acquired by a plurality of times so as to realize passive positioning on the positions of the radiation sources.
A phased array antenna is an antenna that changes the shape of a pattern by controlling the feed amplitude or phase of each element in the array antenna. Compared with the traditional mode of utilizing a mechanical rotary antenna to realize beam scanning, the phased array antenna does not need mechanical steering, but rapidly controls feed amplitude and phase through a computer, and changes the direction of the maximum value of an antenna pattern so as to achieve the purpose of beam scanning. And since fine control can be achieved over the individual elements, phased array antennas can also form very narrow main lobe beams. Therefore, the phased array antenna is very suitable for the works such as scanning, searching and measuring of tracking and monitoring low-orbit satellites and mobile phone direct-connected satellite terminals.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the embodiment of the invention is to provide a positioning system and a positioning method for a mobile phone direct-connection satellite terminal based on a phased array antenna, so as to solve the problems of low terminal transmitting power, fast beam movement, difficulty in capturing search and measurement and the like, and fill the blank of the current mobile phone direct-connection satellite terminal positioning means.
In order to solve the technical problems, the embodiment of the invention provides a positioning system of a mobile phone direct-connection satellite terminal based on a phased array antenna, which comprises a phased array antenna A, a receiver, a display control processing device, a phased array antenna B, a phased array antenna C, a phased array antenna D, a low-noise amplifier and a power supply device for supplying power, wherein the phased array antenna A is connected with the display control processing device through the receiver, the phased array antenna B, the phased array antenna C and the phased array antenna D are connected with the display control processing device through the low-noise amplifier and the receiver,
the display control processing equipment judges the type of the service satellite according to the service of the mobile phone direct-connected satellite, controls the phased array antenna A to track and monitor the satellite in real time, judges whether a service signal exists according to the monitoring condition, and determines the working area of the mobile phone direct-connected satellite terminal; then, transmitting uplink frequency band search and measurement instructions of the mobile phone direct-connection satellite terminal to the phased array antenna B, the phased array antenna C and the phased array antenna D, and executing search and measurement tasks; after searching and measuring an uplink signal, the display control processing equipment sends uplink signal frequency point information and a beam rapid scanning instruction to the phased array antenna B, the phased array antenna C and the phased array antenna D, the searching and measuring frequency is fixed on the uplink frequency, and the beam rapid scanning is carried out; and finally, respectively carrying out direction finding according to the acquired signal information, applying a direction finding result to execute intersection positioning, and drawing positioning points in a map.
Correspondingly, the embodiment of the invention also provides a positioning method of the mobile phone direct connection satellite terminal based on the phased array antenna, which comprises a monitoring step S1 and a positioning step S2, wherein the monitoring step S1 comprises the following steps:
step S11: erecting a phased array antenna A at the height of the selected area, and connecting the phased array antenna A, a receiver, display control processing equipment and power supply equipment;
step S12: according to the mobile phone direct-connection satellite service of the mobile phone direct-connection satellite terminal, judging that the satellite of the service belongs to a static orbit satellite or a low orbit satellite;
step S13: making a monitoring plan, and controlling the phased array antenna A to track and monitor the satellite in real time;
step S14: judging whether a service signal exists or not according to the monitoring condition, and determining the working area of the mobile phone direct connection satellite terminal;
the positioning step S2 includes:
step S21: in the coverage area of satellite downlink service signals, selecting high points with three positions distributed in an acute triangle shape by taking the position of the phased array antenna A as the center of a circle;
step S22: the phased array antenna B, the phased array antenna C and the phased array antenna D are respectively erected at three high points, and the antenna surface faces to the position of the phased array antenna A;
step S23: transmitting uplink frequency band search and measurement instructions of the mobile phone direct-connection satellite terminal to the phased array antenna B, the phased array antenna C and the phased array antenna D, and executing search and measurement tasks;
step S24: after searching and measuring an uplink signal, the display control processing equipment sends uplink signal frequency point information and a beam rapid scanning instruction to the phased array antenna B, the phased array antenna C and the phased array antenna D, the searching and measuring frequency is fixed on the uplink frequency, and the beam rapid scanning is carried out;
step S25: and respectively carrying out direction finding according to the acquired signal information, carrying out intersection positioning by applying a direction finding result, and drawing positioning points in a map.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: aiming at the problem that a positioning scheme for a mobile phone direct-connection satellite terminal does not appear in the market at present, the invention effectively fills the blank of positioning the terminal; the invention solves the problems that the traditional direction-finding positioning technology faces to the situation that the mobile phone direct-connected satellite terminal has low transmitting power and the wave beam scans rapidly, and can not effectively capture the signal of the searched and detected terminal, and the advantages of the phased array antenna in wave beam control and antenna gain are utilized to comprehensively compare the advantages of amplitude-finding and arrival time difference direction-finding, so that the mobile phone direct-connected satellite terminal can be effectively positioned.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a positioning system of a mobile phone direct-connection satellite terminal based on a phased array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a monitoring step according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a positioning step according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a phased array antenna a according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a phased array antenna B, a phased array antenna C, and a phased array antenna D according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of satellite downlink signal monitoring according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of direction-finding and positioning of a mobile phone direct-connected satellite terminal of a comparative direction-finding system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of direction-finding and positioning of a mobile phone direct-connected satellite terminal of a time difference direction-finding system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a finished product structure in a PCB process according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other, and the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.
In the embodiment of the present invention, if there is a directional indication (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) only for explaining the relative positional relationship, movement condition, etc. between the components in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings), if the specific posture is changed, the directional indication is correspondingly changed.
In addition, the description of "first," "second," etc. in this disclosure is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implying an indication of the number of features being indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature.
Referring to fig. 1, a positioning system for a mobile phone direct-connection satellite terminal based on a phased array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a phased array antenna a, a receiver, a display control processing device, a phased array antenna B, a phased array antenna C, a phased array antenna D, a low noise amplifier, and a power supply device for supplying power.
Referring to fig. 4, a phased array antenna a is connected to a display control processing device through a receiver. The phased array antenna A is used for monitoring satellite downlink service signals in real time and comprises an antenna array surface, a beam synthesis module, a down-conversion module, a beam control module, a GPS module and a power supply module.
Referring to fig. 5, the phased array antenna B, the phased array antenna C, and the phased array antenna D are all connected to the display control processing device through a low noise amplifier and a receiver. The display control processing equipment is used for configuring a satellite downlink service monitoring software system and a direction finding positioning software system. The phased array antenna B, the phased array antenna C and the phased array antenna D are used for direction finding and triangular cross positioning of a mobile phone direct connection satellite terminal, and the three antennas are identical in structure and comprise an antenna array face, a beam synthesis module, a down-conversion module, a beam control module, a GPS module and a power supply module.
The four phased array antennas of the present invention should have at least the following functions:
(1) An independent beam pointing can be formed;
(2) The bipolar/double linear polarization working mode is supported, and the switching can be performed rapidly;
(3) Integrating a down-conversion function, wherein the local oscillation frequency is adjustable;
(4) Integrating the functions of temperature real-time monitoring and startup self-checking;
(5) Integrating a GPS antenna module;
(6) An integrated low profile radome;
(7) The alarm function is provided;
(8) The self-powered power supply modulation function ensures stable direct current power supply of internal devices, and external power supply can be provided by a battery or a conversion power supply.
(9) It is desirable to be suitable for use in portable scenarios.
The receiver is used for receiving the radio signal and selecting a required signal, and the information transmitted by the radio signal is output at the output end of the receiver to configure the mobile communication module.
Referring to fig. 6, the display control processing device determines the type of the service satellite according to the service of the mobile phone direct connection satellite, sets parameters according to the type of the service satellite, makes a monitoring plan, controls the phased array antenna a to track and monitor the satellite in real time, determines whether a service signal exists according to the monitoring condition, and determines the working area of the mobile phone direct connection satellite terminal.
The mobile phone direct-connection satellite terminal service currently adopts two kinds of orbit satellites, namely a static orbit satellite and a low orbit satellite. For these two orbits, the satellite is distinguished from the star strategy. The static orbit satellite can follow the satellite only according to orbit position information and longitude and latitude of a monitoring place; the low orbit satellite needs to predict the transit time and transit track of the satellite according to the corresponding satellite ephemeris, and then the real-time accurate tracking is carried out on the satellite by utilizing the capability of fast switching the wave beam of the phased array antenna.
And for a monitoring plan of the stationary orbit satellite, the monitoring software calculates the beam direction of the current array plane according to parameter setting and transmits the beam direction to the antenna array plane. For the low orbit satellite, the position and the speed of the satellite are calculated according to the ephemeris data of the low orbit satellite and the SGP4 model prediction technology, so as to obtain the transit time and the track of the satellite, and then the beam pointing in the transit process of the satellite is calculated based on the information. And the signals are transmitted to an antenna array surface to complete real-time tracking and signal receiving of the low-orbit satellite. The monitoring plan parameter setting recommendations are as in table 1:
TABLE 1
And the service signal is judged by adopting a correlation detection method. And establishing a background noise database template by measuring background noise monitoring conditions in a monitoring frequency band without service signals for a plurality of times. And in the satellite transit process, the monitored signal spectrum is compared with the background noise database template, so that whether a service signal exists can be rapidly judged.
After the working area of the mobile phone direct connection satellite terminal is determined, a direction finding and positioning link of the terminal is entered. The link is realized by a phased array antenna B, a phased array antenna C, a phased array antenna D, a low-noise amplifier, a receiver, display control processing equipment and power supply equipment.
And the display control processing equipment sends a search and measurement instruction of the uplink frequency band of the mobile phone direct-connection satellite terminal to the phased array antenna B, the phased array antenna C and the phased array antenna D, and executes a search and measurement task. The background noise template can be established in advance by measuring background noise monitoring conditions in the monitoring frequency band for a plurality of times in the current environment. And comparing the signal with the background noise template in the process of executing search and measurement, and identifying the signal as a terminal uplink signal once the newly added signal is found. In particular, the phased array antenna is rapidly scanned cyclically in the controllable range of its beam pointing during the search, and the polarization mode is switched at the beginning of each cycle of beam scanning. After searching and measuring an uplink signal, the display control processing equipment sends uplink signal frequency point information and a beam rapid scanning instruction to the phased array antenna B, the phased array antenna C and the phased array antenna D, the searching and measuring frequency is fixed on the uplink frequency, and the beam rapid scanning is carried out; and finally, respectively carrying out direction finding according to the acquired signal information, applying a direction finding result to execute intersection positioning, and drawing positioning points in a map.
The display control processing equipment is mainly divided into two parts, one part is mainly used for monitoring downlink service signals of the mobile phone terminal in real time, and once the service signals are monitored, the use of the mobile phone direct connection satellite terminal in the area is considered, so that the positioning range of the terminal is narrowed. The display control processing equipment at least comprises the following functions:
(1) The satellite transit time and the motion trail under different elevation angles can be predicted according to the ephemeris file;
(2) The monitoring task plan can be formulated according to ephemeris prediction results;
(3) The antenna can be controlled to track the satellite according to the monitoring task plan;
(4) The frequency spectrum can be displayed in real time in the satellite passing process;
(5) The alarm can be given after the downlink service signal is found.
And the other part of the display control processing equipment performs frequency search and direction finding and beam scanning direction finding on the mobile phone direct-connected satellite terminal by using a mode of arranging a plurality of phased array antennas (at least 3 sets) at the high position in the specific area, and then performs intersection positioning on direction finding results of the plurality of antennas, so that the positioning on the mobile phone direct-connected satellite terminal is finally realized. The display control processing equipment at least comprises the following functions:
(1) The antenna position can be displayed on the map in real time;
(2) The antenna can be controlled to scan a wave beam on a certain frequency band;
(3) The antenna can be controlled to simultaneously receive signals at a certain frequency point;
(4) The receiver can be controlled to collect signals at a certain frequency point at the same time;
(5) The time difference direction finding can be carried out on the returned signals;
(6) The intersection positioning can be performed by using the time difference line, and positioning points are drawn on the map;
(7) The positioning track can be drawn on the map according to the set time interval;
(8) The positioning track can be optimized according to the road network information, and the terminal travelling route can be predicted.
The power supply equipment is used for providing power for the equipment.
As one embodiment, a display control processing apparatus includes:
an antenna control module: for controlling the phased array antenna A, the phased array antenna B, the phased array antenna C and the phased array antenna D;
the monitoring plan making module: setting parameters according to the type of the service satellite, and making a monitoring plan;
ephemeris prediction module: predicting the transit time and transit track of the satellite according to the corresponding satellite ephemeris;
satellite tracking module: controlling an antenna to track a satellite according to a monitoring plan;
and the frequency spectrum display module is used for: displaying the frequency spectrum in real time in the satellite passing process;
and a direction finding algorithm module: calculating by combining a contrast direction finding method and a time difference direction finding method;
and the direction finding and positioning module is used for: according to the acquired signal information, analyzing the two-by-two time differences of signals reaching the phased array antenna B, the phased array antenna C and the phased array antenna D, calculating three time difference lines, and converging the three time difference lines to obtain positioning points of the mobile phone direct-connection satellite terminal;
and a map module: drawing positioning points in a map;
and a display module: and converting the frequency spectrum information and the map information into visible images or text information for display.
As an implementation manner, in the coverage area of the satellite downlink service signal, the position of the phased array antenna a is used as the center of a circle, three high points with acute angle triangle distribution are selected, the phased array antenna B, the phased array antenna C and the phased array antenna D are respectively erected at the three high points, and the antenna surface faces to the position of the phased array antenna a. The three phased array antennas B, C and D used for direction finding and positioning should meet the distribution mode of acute triangle as much as possible, because under the same direction finding error, the area outside the triangle area can cause larger positioning accuracy error, and the distribution mode can better ensure that the signal power received by each antenna is close, and the situation that the direction finding error is overlarge and the positioning accuracy is affected due to the fact that the power received by a certain antenna is too small can not occur. In order to establish connection with a satellite for communication, a mobile phone direct-connected satellite terminal generally selects an open place, so that three phased array antenna array surfaces are preferentially oriented to the open place on the basis of the orientation of the phased array antenna A, and the probability of receiving uplink signals of the terminal is increased.
As an implementation mode, the display control processing equipment compares the monitored signal spectrum with a background noise database template in the satellite transit process, and judges whether a service signal exists according to a comparison result; the background noise database template is established by measuring background noise monitoring conditions in a monitoring frequency band without service signals for a plurality of times.
Preferably, the display control processing device performs direction finding by combining a contrast type direction finding method and a time difference direction finding method. Referring to fig. 7, a specific-amplitude direction-finding system is selected in a more complex electromagnetic environment in urban areas, and a time-difference direction-finding system is selected in a more open environment. Referring to fig. 8, when using time difference to detect direction, it is ensured that signals are collected by three antennas at the same time, and the direction-detecting positioning software analyzes the time difference between signals reaching the three antennas according to the collected signal information, calculates three time difference lines, and then joins the three time difference lines to obtain the positioning point of the mobile phone direct connection satellite terminal.
As an implementation mode, if the mobile phone direct-connected satellite terminal is in a moving state, the display control processing equipment draws and forms a positioning track every 1s, compares the positioning track with road network information, predicts the traveling route of the mobile phone direct-connected satellite terminal, and improves positioning accuracy.
Referring to fig. 2 to 3, the positioning method of a mobile phone direct-connection satellite terminal based on a phased array antenna according to the embodiment of the invention includes a monitoring step S1 of confirming a use area of the mobile phone direct-connection satellite terminal and a positioning step S2 of performing direction-finding positioning on the mobile phone direct-connection satellite terminal.
The monitoring step S1 includes steps S11 to S14.
Step S11: and erecting the phased array antenna A at the height of the selected area, so that the situation of the front of the antenna is ensured to be wide, and no high and large barriers such as trees, chimneys, water towers, buildings, metal reflectors, overhead power lines, telegraph poles and the like are arranged in the clear-to-empty area. The phased array antenna A, the receiver, the display control processing equipment and the power supply equipment are connected.
Step S12: and judging whether the satellite of the service belongs to a static orbit satellite or a low orbit satellite according to the mobile phone direct-connection satellite service of the mobile phone direct-connection satellite terminal. The mobile phone direct-connection satellite terminal service currently adopts two kinds of orbit satellites, namely a static orbit satellite and a low orbit satellite. For these two orbits, the satellite is distinguished from the star strategy. The static orbit satellite can follow the satellite only according to orbit position information and longitude and latitude of a monitoring place, and the wave beam of the phased array antenna does not need to be adjusted; the low orbit satellite needs to predict the transit time and transit track of the satellite according to the corresponding satellite ephemeris, and then accurately tracks the satellite in real time by utilizing the capability of fast switching the wave beam of the phased array antenna.
Step S13: and (3) making a monitoring plan, and controlling the phased array antenna A to track and monitor the satellite in real time. And for a monitoring plan of the stationary orbit satellite, the monitoring software calculates the beam direction of the current array plane according to parameter setting and transmits the beam direction to the antenna array plane. For the low orbit satellite, the position and the speed of the satellite are calculated according to the ephemeris data of the low orbit satellite and the SGP4 model prediction technology, so as to obtain the transit time and the track of the satellite, and then the beam pointing in the transit process of the satellite is calculated based on the information. And the signals are transmitted to an antenna array surface to complete real-time tracking and signal receiving of the low-orbit satellite.
Step S14: and judging whether a service signal exists or not according to the monitoring condition, and determining the working area of the mobile phone direct connection satellite terminal. And the service signal is judged by adopting a correlation detection method. And establishing a background noise database template by measuring background noise monitoring conditions in a monitoring frequency band without service signals for a plurality of times. And in the satellite transit process, the monitored signal spectrum is compared with the background noise database template, so that whether a service signal exists can be rapidly judged. On one hand, the method is finished by a computer, so that errors generated during manual judgment are effectively reduced; on the other hand, the background noise database templates corresponding to the different satellites can be built according to the different satellites, so that when the same satellite task is executed in the future, the template building is not required to be repeated, and the working efficiency is improved.
After the working area of the mobile phone direct connection satellite terminal is determined, a positioning step S2 is entered.
The positioning step S2 includes steps S21 to S25.
Step S21: in the coverage area of satellite downlink service signals, three high points are selected by taking the position of the phased array antenna A as the center of a circle, so that the selected positions are distributed in an acute triangle as far as possible, and in a regular triangle as far as possible. The distribution mode is to preferentially assume that the terminal is located in the triangular area, so that excessive extra factors are reduced in the point selection process, and the point distribution efficiency is improved. And if the terminal is in the triangular area, under the same direction-finding error, the area outside the triangular area can cause larger positioning accuracy error, and meanwhile, the distribution can better ensure that the power of signals received by each antenna is close, and the situation that the direction-finding error is overlarge due to overlarge power received by a certain antenna does not occur, so that the positioning accuracy is affected. The spotting suggestion is shown in fig. 9.
Step S22: the phased array antenna B, the phased array antenna C and the phased array antenna D are respectively erected at three high points, and the antenna surface faces to the position of the phased array antenna A. The orientation is based on the assumption of step S21, and in order to establish connection with a satellite for communication, the mobile phone direct-connected satellite terminal generally selects an open place, so that the three phased array antenna arrays face the open place preferentially on the basis of one direction of the phased array antenna, so as to increase the probability of receiving the uplink signal of the terminal.
Step S23: and sending uplink frequency band search and measurement instructions of the mobile phone direct-connection satellite terminal to the phased array antenna B, the phased array antenna C and the phased array antenna D, and executing search and measurement tasks. The background noise template can be established in advance by measuring background noise monitoring conditions in the monitoring frequency band for a plurality of times in the current environment. And comparing the signal with the background noise template in the process of executing search and measurement, and identifying the signal as a terminal uplink signal once the newly added signal is found. In particular, the phased array antenna is rapidly scanned cyclically in the controllable range of its beam pointing during the search, and the polarization mode is switched at the beginning of each cycle of beam scanning. By the method, the signals can be quickly searched, polarization matching can be completed with the signals in the shortest time possible, and the probability of capturing the uplink signals of the terminal is improved.
Step S24: after the uplink signal is searched, the display control processing equipment sends the frequency point information of the uplink signal and a beam rapid scanning instruction to the phased array antenna B, the phased array antenna C and the phased array antenna D, the search frequency of the phased array antenna B, the phased array antenna C and the phased array antenna D is fixed on the uplink frequency, and the beam rapid scanning is carried out.
Step S25: and respectively carrying out direction finding according to the acquired signal information, carrying out intersection positioning by applying a direction finding result, and drawing positioning points in a map. And after the phased array antenna B, the phased array antenna C and the phased array antenna D can all receive the uplink signals of the terminal, the uplink signals are collected at the same time. And the display control processing equipment respectively carries out direction finding according to the acquired signal information, executes intersection positioning by applying a direction finding result and draws positioning points in a map. The direction-finding system adopts a mode of combining a amplitude-comparison direction-finding method and a time difference direction-finding method. The specific amplitude type direction-finding system is selected in a more complex electromagnetic environment in urban areas, and the time difference direction-finding system is selected in a more open environment. This is because complex urban environments may cause multipath effects, which may cause an increase in the error in the accuracy of the position of the time difference direction finding system. However, in an open environment, the time difference direction finding system has a larger advantage, and in general, the terminal moves all the time, which causes small receiving power and difficult matching of polarization when the antenna receives the terminal signal. The time difference direction finding system has high sensitivity and low sensitivity to the polarization mode of the signal. Therefore, in view of the above, the time-difference direction-finding system is more popular in open environments. When the time difference is adopted for direction finding, the three antennae are required to collect signals at the same time, the direction finding and positioning software analyzes the time difference of the signals reaching the three antennae according to the collected signal information, three time difference lines are calculated, and the three time difference lines are intersected to obtain the positioning point of the mobile phone direct connection satellite terminal.
As an implementation mode, if the mobile phone direct-connected satellite terminal is in a moving state, a positioning track can be drawn at intervals of 1s, and is compared with road network information, so that a terminal travelling route is predicted, and positioning accuracy is improved.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A positioning system of a mobile phone direct-connection satellite terminal based on a phased array antenna is characterized by comprising a phased array antenna A, a receiver, a display control processing device, a phased array antenna B, a phased array antenna C, a phased array antenna D, a low-noise amplifier and a power supply device for supplying power, wherein the phased array antenna A is connected with the display control processing device through the receiver, the phased array antenna B, the phased array antenna C and the phased array antenna D are connected with the display control processing device through the low-noise amplifier and the receiver,
the display control processing equipment judges the type of the service satellite according to the service of the mobile phone direct-connected satellite, controls the phased array antenna A to track and monitor the satellite in real time, judges whether a service signal exists according to the monitoring condition, and determines the working area of the mobile phone direct-connected satellite terminal; then, transmitting uplink frequency band search and measurement instructions of the mobile phone direct-connection satellite terminal to the phased array antenna B, the phased array antenna C and the phased array antenna D, and executing search and measurement tasks; after searching and measuring an uplink signal, the display control processing equipment sends uplink signal frequency point information and a beam rapid scanning instruction to the phased array antenna B, the phased array antenna C and the phased array antenna D, the searching and measuring frequency is fixed on the uplink frequency, and the beam rapid scanning is carried out; and finally, respectively carrying out direction finding according to the acquired signal information, applying a direction finding result to execute intersection positioning, and drawing positioning points in a map.
2. The positioning system of a mobile phone direct-connection satellite terminal based on a phased array antenna according to claim 1, wherein in a satellite downlink service signal coverage area, three high points with the position of the phased array antenna A as a center of a circle are selected, the three high points are distributed in an acute triangle shape, the phased array antenna B, the phased array antenna C and the phased array antenna D are respectively erected at the three high points, and the antenna surface faces to the position of the phased array antenna A.
3. The positioning system of a mobile phone direct connection satellite terminal based on a phased array antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein the display control processing device comprises:
an antenna control module: for controlling the phased array antenna A, the phased array antenna B, the phased array antenna C and the phased array antenna D;
the monitoring plan making module: setting parameters according to the type of the service satellite, and making a monitoring plan;
ephemeris prediction module: predicting the transit time and transit track of the satellite according to the corresponding satellite ephemeris;
satellite tracking module: controlling an antenna to track a satellite according to a monitoring plan;
and the frequency spectrum display module is used for: displaying the frequency spectrum in real time in the satellite passing process;
and a direction finding algorithm module: calculating by combining a contrast direction finding method and a time difference direction finding method;
and the direction finding and positioning module is used for: according to the acquired signal information, analyzing the two-by-two time differences of signals reaching the phased array antenna B, the phased array antenna C and the phased array antenna D, calculating three time difference lines, and converging the three time difference lines to obtain positioning points of the mobile phone direct-connection satellite terminal;
and a map module: drawing positioning points in a map;
and a display module: and converting the frequency spectrum information and the map information into visible images or text information for display.
4. The positioning system of the mobile phone direct-connection satellite terminal based on the phased array antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein the display control processing device compares the monitored signal spectrum with a background noise database template in the satellite passing process, and judges whether a service signal exists according to the comparison result; the background noise database template is established by measuring background noise monitoring conditions in a monitoring frequency band without service signals for a plurality of times.
5. The positioning system of the mobile phone direct-connection satellite terminal based on the phased array antenna according to claim 1, wherein if the mobile phone direct-connection satellite terminal is in a moving state, the display control processing device draws and forms a positioning track every 1s, compares the positioning track with road network information, predicts a mobile phone direct-connection satellite terminal travelling route, and improves positioning accuracy.
6. The positioning method of the mobile phone direct connection satellite terminal based on the phased array antenna is characterized by comprising a monitoring step S1 and a positioning step S2, wherein the monitoring step S1 comprises the following steps:
step S11: erecting a phased array antenna A at the height of the selected area, and connecting the phased array antenna A, a receiver, display control processing equipment and power supply equipment;
step S12: according to the mobile phone direct-connection satellite service of the mobile phone direct-connection satellite terminal, judging that the satellite of the service belongs to a static orbit satellite or a low orbit satellite;
step S13: making a monitoring plan, and controlling the phased array antenna A to track and monitor the satellite in real time;
step S14: judging whether a service signal exists or not according to the monitoring condition, and determining the working area of the mobile phone direct connection satellite terminal;
the positioning step S2 includes:
step S21: in the coverage area of satellite downlink service signals, selecting high points with three positions distributed in an acute triangle shape by taking the position of the phased array antenna A as the center of a circle;
step S22: the phased array antenna B, the phased array antenna C and the phased array antenna D are respectively erected at three high points, and the antenna surface faces to the position of the phased array antenna A;
step S23: transmitting uplink frequency band search and measurement instructions of the mobile phone direct-connection satellite terminal to the phased array antenna B, the phased array antenna C and the phased array antenna D, and executing search and measurement tasks;
step S24: after searching and measuring an uplink signal, the display control processing equipment sends uplink signal frequency point information and a beam rapid scanning instruction to the phased array antenna B, the phased array antenna C and the phased array antenna D, the searching and measuring frequency is fixed on the uplink frequency, and the beam rapid scanning is carried out;
step S25: and respectively carrying out direction finding according to the acquired signal information, carrying out intersection positioning by applying a direction finding result, and drawing positioning points in a map.
7. The positioning method of a mobile phone direct connection satellite terminal based on a phased array antenna as claimed in claim 6, wherein in step S13, if the satellite determined in step S12 is a stationary orbit satellite, satellite tracking is performed only according to orbit information and longitude and latitude of a monitored location, and the beam of the phased array antenna a is not adjusted;
if the satellite is a low-orbit satellite, the transit time and the transit track of the satellite are predicted according to the corresponding satellite ephemeris, and then the real-time accurate tracking is carried out on the satellite by utilizing the capability of fast switching of the wave beam of the phased array antenna A.
8. The positioning method of a mobile phone direct-connection satellite terminal based on a phased array antenna as claimed in claim 6, wherein in step S14, a correlation detection method is adopted, and the monitored signal spectrum is compared with a background noise database template in the satellite passing process to determine whether a service signal exists; the background noise database template is established by measuring background noise monitoring conditions in a monitoring frequency band without service signals for a plurality of times.
9. The method for positioning a mobile phone direct connection satellite terminal based on a phased array antenna according to claim 6, wherein in step S23, in the process of performing search, the frequency spectrum of the searched signal is compared with a background noise template, and if a new signal is found, the new signal is identified as an uplink signal of the mobile phone direct connection satellite terminal, wherein the background noise template is established by measuring background noise monitoring conditions in a monitoring frequency band for a plurality of times in the current environment.
10. The positioning method of a mobile phone direct connection satellite terminal based on a phased array antenna as claimed in claim 6, wherein in step S25, direction finding is performed by combining a amplitude-comparison direction finding method and a time difference direction finding method, the amplitude-comparison direction finding method is selected in a complex environment, and the time difference direction finding method is selected in an open environment;
when the time difference direction finding method is adopted, signals are collected through three pairs of antennas of the phased array antenna B, the phased array antenna C and the phased array antenna D simultaneously, according to collected signal information, the time difference of the signals reaching the three pairs of antennas of the phased array antenna B, the phased array antenna C and the phased array antenna D is analyzed, three time difference lines are calculated, and the three time difference lines are intersected to obtain a positioning point of the mobile phone direct-connection satellite terminal.
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