CN117888054A

CN117888054A - Powder feeder

Info

Publication number: CN117888054A
Application number: CN202311848663.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 廖芳芳; 严成文; 代锋先; 图尔尹·尤里; 科利斯尼琴科·奥莱格; 郭瑞·弗拉基米尔; 穆德里琴科·弗拉基斯拉夫; 列皮丽娜·克谢妮娅
Original assignee: Barton Welding Institute Of National Academy Of Sciences Of Ukraine; China Ukraine Baton Welding Research Institute Foreign Economic Representative Office; Zhejiang Baton Welding Technology Co ltd; Zhejiang Barton Welding Technology Research Institute
Current assignee: Barton Welding Institute Of National Academy Of Sciences Of Ukraine; China Ukraine Baton Welding Research Institute Foreign Economic Representative Office; Zhejiang Baton Welding Technology Co ltd; Zhejiang Barton Welding Technology Research Institute
Priority date: 2023-12-29
Filing date: 2023-12-29
Publication date: 2024-04-16

Abstract

The invention provides a powder feeder, and relates to the technical field of powder metallurgy; the powder discharging mechanism comprises a powder discharging pipe; the metering disc is attached to the bottom of the charging barrel, and metering holes penetrating through two sides of the metering disc are formed in the circumference of the metering disc; the driving mechanism drives the metering disc to rotate, so that metering holes on the metering disc are aligned with the powder outlet pipe in sequence; the air injection mechanism comprises a sealed bin body, a compressed gas connector and a disc, wherein the charging barrel and the metering disc are positioned in the sealed bin body, the sealed bin body is provided with a cover plate with an opening, the powder outlet pipe is arranged in the opening in a penetrating mode, a plurality of grooves are formed in the disc at the joint of the disc and the metering disc, two ends of a plurality of air inlet channels are respectively communicated with the sealed bin body and the grooves, metering holes in the metering disc are communicated with the grooves, and the compressed gas connector is communicated with the sealed bin body. The invention has the beneficial effects that: accurate positioning of the powder can be ensured and accurate metering of the powder mixture is ensured with minimal carrier gas consumption, eliminating the impact of shock waves and pressure fluctuations in the carrier gas on the powder metering efficiency.

Description

Powder feeder

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of powder metallurgy, in particular to a powder feeder.

Background

Powder feeders are known for supplying powder material to plasma spraying devices. The powder feeder has a mixing chamber with a rotating mechanism and a powder axial feeding mechanism, and is placed in a sealed shell, the top of the shell is provided with a powder filling port sealed by a cover, and a nozzle for supplying and conveying gas and an air pipe are arranged in the mixing chamber. The mixing chamber is composed of a cover plate, an inner wall and a partition plate for separating the mixing chamber and the charging chamber. The partition has a radial cutout fixed to the cover flange at an angle of 90-140 DEG to the additional cutout through the center of the partition and an additional cutout having a length of 1/4-1/2 of the radius of the partition. The powder moving in the loading chamber pushes the partition to move, and the powder is fed into the mixing chamber through a gap formed during the axial movement of the edge of the partition. Which provides a more uniform powder supply through the additional cut-out, thereby improving the quality of the sprayed coating.

However, a disadvantage of the powder metering and feeding device of this device is that the accuracy of metering the powder depends on the pressure and flow of the carrier gas and the particle size of the powder. In addition, the device has lower metering efficiency for fine powder which is easy to adhere.

Considering the propagation of shock waves along the delivery tube when the device is used in combination with an explosive spraying device, the powder feeder can only operate at high flow rates of delivery gas, which is unacceptable for explosive spraying technology.

Another known powder feeder has a top with a housing with a powder cartridge. The outlet of the powder cartridge is aligned with an annular powder loading slot of a rotating disk in the body chamber. The rotary disk at the bottom of the powder feeder is arranged on the rotary driving motor. The powder feeder is equipped with an ejector with a supersonic nozzle and an intake chamber intake pipe aligned with the rotating disk annular powder loading groove. The powder hopper has mounted therein a device for loosening the powder and a drive for operating the device. The powder feeder is used for plasma powder overlaying or spraying equipment for spraying powder with 15-350 mu m granularity.

The disadvantage of this device is that the method of transporting the powder in the slot does not position the powder. Furthermore, the efficiency of the injector powder delivery depends on the pressure and flow of the carrier gas, which is contrary to process specifications. The amount of carrier gas is limited because the carrier gas acts to cool and dilute the combustible mixture components.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art, and provides a powder feeder which can accurately position powder, ensure accurate metering of powder mixture with minimum carrier gas consumption and eliminate the influence of shock waves and pressure fluctuation in the carrier gas on the metering efficiency of the powder.

The invention provides a powder feeder, which is improved in that: comprises a powder discharging mechanism, a metering disc, a driving mechanism, a first charging barrel and an air injection mechanism; the powder discharging mechanism comprises a powder discharging pipe and a compression check ring, and one end of the powder discharging pipe is sleeved in the compression check ring; the metering disc is attached to the bottom of the first charging barrel, metering holes penetrating through two sides of the metering disc are formed in the circumference of the metering disc, and the metering holes are aligned with the powder outlet pipe through the compression check ring; the driving mechanism drives the metering disc to rotate, and the metering hole rotates around the center of the circle of the metering disc when the metering disc rotates, so that the metering hole on the metering disc is aligned with the powder outlet pipe in sequence; the air injection mechanism comprises a sealing bin body, a compressed air connector and a disc, wherein the first charging barrel and the metering disc are located in the sealing bin body, the sealing bin body is provided with a cover plate with an opening, the powder outlet pipe penetrates through the opening, the disc is attached to the lower portion of the metering disc, a plurality of grooves are formed in the disc at the joint of the disc and the metering disc, a plurality of air inlet channels are formed in the disc, two ends of each air inlet channel are respectively communicated with the sealing bin body and the grooves, metering holes in the metering disc are communicated with the grooves, and the compressed air connector is communicated with the sealing bin body.

The invention has the preferable technical scheme that: the metering hole is a cylindrical hole or a conical hole, and when the metering hole is a conical hole, the large mouth end of the conical hole faces upwards.

The invention has the preferable technical scheme that: the groove is annular, and the cross section of the groove is not smaller than the cross section of the metering hole.

The invention has the preferable technical scheme that: the plurality of air inlet channels are radially and symmetrically distributed on two sides of the groove.

The invention has the preferable technical scheme that: the metering disc is detachably replaced and connected with the disc.

The invention has the preferable technical scheme that: the driving mechanism comprises a main shaft and a motor, the motor is connected with the main shaft, and the main shaft is connected with the metering disc.

The invention has the preferable technical scheme that: the sealing bin further comprises a second charging barrel 600, the cover plate of the sealing bin is further provided with a second opening, the second charging barrel 600 vertically penetrates through the second opening, two ends of the second charging barrel 600 are closed, one end, close to the metering disc, of the second charging barrel 600 is provided with a powder outlet, and the powder outlet is positioned on the moving path of the metering hole.

The invention has the preferable technical scheme that: still include the scraper blade, the hole of penetrating the board body has been seted up to the scraper blade, the scraper blade is connected between the blind end that second feed cylinder 600 is close to the measurement dish and the measuring hole, be in the same axis when the hole alignment of play powder hole, measuring hole and scraper blade, the hole size of scraper blade is less than the measuring hole size.

The invention has the preferable technical scheme that: the gap is arranged between the hole of the scraping plate and the metering hole, and the gap length is 0.5mm-1mm.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the metering holes are formed in the circumference of the metering disc, the metering holes formed in the circumference are sequentially communicated with the powder outlet channel in the rotation process of the metering disc, and when the metering holes are communicated with the powder outlet channel, the powder in the metering holes is sprayed into the powder outlet pipe by the air pressure output by the air spraying mechanism. According to the invention, the powder is filled through the metering hole, so that quantitative control can be realized on the powder sprayed every time, and the powder can be sprayed through less carrier gas amount when the metering hole is communicated with the powder outlet channel every time, and a larger carrier gas amount is not needed.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings, like reference numerals are used to identify like elements. The drawings, which are included in the description, illustrate some, but not all embodiments of the invention. Other figures can be derived from these figures by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue effort.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a powder feeder according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a powder discharging mechanism in a powder feeder according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a driving mechanism and an air injecting mechanism in the powder feeder of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of a metering disc and a disc in a powder feeder according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the powder metering output in a powder feeder according to the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a top view of a powder feeder of the present invention.

In the figure: 100. a powder discharging mechanism; 200. a metering disc; 300. a motor; 400. an air injection mechanism; 500. a charging barrel; 600. a second barrel; 101. a steel pipe; 102. a powder outlet channel; 103. a nut; 104. compressing the retainer ring; 201. a metering hole; 301. a main shaft; 401. sealing the bin body; 402. a disc; 403. an air intake passage; 404. a compressed gas joint; 405. a sealing plate; 406. a cover plate; 407. a groove; 408. and (5) a base.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be arbitrarily combined with each other.

Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the present invention provides a powder feeder including a powder discharging mechanism 100, a metering disc 200, a driving mechanism, a first cartridge 500, and an air injecting mechanism 400. The powder discharging mechanism 100 comprises a powder discharging pipe and a pressing check ring 104, one end of the powder discharging pipe is sleeved in the pressing check ring 104, the inner space of the powder discharging pipe is used as a powder discharging channel 102, and the powder discharging pipe is a steel pipe 101. The metering disc 200 is attached to the bottom of the first charging barrel 500, a gap is formed between the bottom of the first charging barrel 500 and the metering disc 200, the gap length is 0.5mm, metering holes 201 penetrating through two sides of the metering disc 200 are formed in the circumference of the metering disc 200, and the metering holes 201 are aligned with the powder outlet pipe through the pressing check rings 104. The driving mechanism drives the metering disc 200 to rotate, and the metering hole 201 rotates around the center of the metering disc 200, so that the metering hole 201 on the metering disc 200 is aligned with the powder outlet pipe in sequence. The drive mechanism includes a spindle 301 and a motor 300, the motor 300 being connected to the spindle 301, and the spindle 301 being connected to the metering disc 200 via a base 408. The air injection mechanism 400 comprises a sealed bin body 401, a sealing disc 405, a compressed air connector 404 and a disc 402, the first charging barrel 500 and the metering disc 200 are positioned in the sealed bin body 401, the sealed bin body 401 is provided with a cover plate 406 with an opening, the powder outlet pipe penetrates through the opening, and nuts 103 are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the cover plate 406 at the position of the powder outlet pipe to be fixed. The disc 402 is attached to the lower portion of the metering disc 200, and a plurality of grooves 407 are formed in the disc 402 at the connection portion with the metering disc 200. The disc 402 is provided with a plurality of air inlet channels 403, two ends of the air inlet channels 403 are respectively communicated with the sealed bin body 401 and the concave groove 407, the metering hole 201 on the metering disc 200 is communicated with the concave groove 407, and the compressed gas connector 404 is communicated with the sealed bin body 401. The sealing bin further comprises a second charging barrel 600, the cover plate of the sealing bin is further provided with a second opening, the second charging barrel 600 vertically penetrates through the second opening, two ends of the second charging barrel 600 are closed, one end, close to the metering disc, of the second charging barrel 600 is provided with a powder outlet, and the powder outlet is positioned on the moving path of the metering hole.

In the invention, the metering disc 200, the first charging barrel 500 and part of the powder discharging pipe are arranged in the sealing bin body 401, air pressure is applied to the sealing bin body 401 through the compressed air connector 404, so that the inside of the sealing bin body 401 and the inside of the first charging barrel 500 are under the same air pressure, the powder discharging pipe is communicated with the outside, and when the metering hole 201 on the metering disc 200 is intermittently communicated with the powder discharging pipe in the process that the driving mechanism drives the metering disc 200 to rotate, the powder in the metering hole 201 is sprayed out through the air pressure.

By providing the metering holes 201 in the metering disc 200 for filling with powder, since the size of the metering holes 201 is constant, the powder filled in the metering holes 201 is also quantitative each time, and the high-precision metering of the powder material is not affected by the particle size and carrier gas flow and pressure fluctuation. And the mode that powder in the metering hole 201 is output to the powder outlet channel 102 is that the metering disc 200 is driven to rotate through the driving mechanism, the metering disc 200 is periodically aligned with the powder outlet channel 102 in the rotating process, when the metering hole 201 is aligned with the powder outlet channel 102, the powder in the metering hole 201 is output to the powder outlet channel 102 through the air pressure applied by the air injection mechanism 400, the impact wave and the pressure fluctuation of the carrier gas output by the air injection mechanism 400 only spread in the powder outlet pipe, the influence of the impact wave and the pressure fluctuation in the carrier gas on the powder metering efficiency is eliminated, the used air carrying quantity is small, the powder output every time is accurately quantified, and the powder with different densities and particle sizes can be ensured not to be layered when the air is mixed with the powder.

The air pressure at the metering orifice 201 is provided through an air inlet channel 403 in the disk 402 below the metering disk 200, and a corresponding channel is also provided in the seat 408 below the corresponding disk 402. The disc 402 is provided with a concave groove 407, the concave groove 407 corresponds to the metering hole 201 on the metering disc 200, when the metering hole 201 is filled with powder, the powder can be accumulated in the concave groove 407, and by arranging the air inlet channel 403 at the side edge of the concave groove 407, the powder can be accumulated at the metering hole 201 and the air pressure can be provided. Meanwhile, in order to ensure that the air pressure applied by the air inlet channels 403 to the position of the concave groove 407 is consistent, powder is prevented from being blown away in the concave groove 407 due to inconsistent air pressure, the two air inlet channels 403 are radially and symmetrically distributed on two sides of the concave groove 407, and the symmetrical distribution mode can ensure that the powder is stably positioned at the position of the concave groove 407, and ensure that the sprayed metering is consistent when the metering hole 201 is aligned with the powder outlet channel 102.

High air pressure is produced into the sealed bin body 401 through one compressed air connector 404, and each air inlet channel 403 on the disc 402 applies air pressure to the concave groove 407 uniformly, so that when powder is ejected from each metering hole 201, powder metering is uniform, the air pressure is uniform, and the powder feeding effect is stable.

The powder in the second charging barrel 600 is automatically filled into the metering hole 201 along with the gravity of the powder through the powder outlet hole, and continuous automatic powder spraying can be realized by supplementing enough powder in the second charging barrel 600 without manual filling in the middle. Meanwhile, the first charging barrel 500 can ensure that the powder outlet device is in operation, powder cannot float everywhere, so that the powder is positioned in the first charging barrel, the safety of parts is ensured, and the powder pollution on site cannot be caused.

In addition, in order to ensure accurate quantification of powder filling in each metering hole, the powder feeder provided by the invention further comprises a scraper, wherein the scraper is provided with a hole penetrating through the plate body, the scraper is connected between the closed end of the second charging barrel 600, which is close to the metering disc 200, and the metering hole 201, the powder outlet hole, the metering hole and the scraper are positioned on the same axis when aligned, the hole size of the scraper is smaller than the size of the metering hole, a gap is arranged between the hole of the scraper and the metering hole, and the gap length is 0.8mm. In the use of the powder feeder, the rotation speed of the metering disc can not be very fast, in the rotation process of the metering disc, powder in the second charging barrel 600 sequentially passes through the powder outlet hole and the holes on the scraping plate along with the gravity, the powder is filled into the metering hole 201, and along with the rotation of the metering disc, when the corresponding metering hole 201 is staggered with the holes of the scraping plate, the scraping plate can scrape the powder accumulated above the metering hole 201 in the relative rotation process of the scraping plate and the metering disc 200, so that the powder metering filled in the metering hole 201 tends to be consistent, and the powder metering in each metering hole 201 tends to be consistent, thereby being beneficial to improving the spraying effect.

Further, the metering hole 201 is a cylindrical hole or a tapered hole, and when the metering hole is a tapered hole, the largest open end of the tapered hole faces the cover 406. The metering orifice 201 is formed in a tapered orifice form to ensure accurate metering of fine powders that are prone to sticking or wetting by alcohol or fuel and fuel oils.

The recess 407 is annular, and the cross-sectional area of the recess 407 is not less than the cross-sectional area of the metering orifice 201. To ensure effective blowing of powder out of the hole, the hole bottom area s=1/4 d ² should be equal to the annular gap area s=d or the gap 1/4d. In the case of a bottom diameter d=2 mm of the metering orifice 201 and a gap=0.5 mm, the powder flow is typically low and the recess 407 is of sufficient size to prevent powder from being spilled from the metering orifice 201. The metering disc 200 had a thickness of 2mm, the bottom aperture of the metering orifice 201 was 2mm, and the volume of the metering orifice 201 was 6.28mm ³. The mass of AMPERIT: 740.0Al ₂O₃ (H.C.Stark) powder in one metering hole 201 is 0.013 g. In the case where 16 metering holes 201 can be tested for one rotation of the metering disc 200, the powder mass is 0.221g supplied to the powder discharge passage 102. When the rotating speed is 50 r/min, the powder feeding speed of the metering device is 663 g/h.

Further, a removable metering disc 200 is coupled to the disc 402. Changing the metering disc 200 with metering holes 201 of different aperture sizes to change the powder feeding rate, the powder feeding rate can be adjusted by changing the metering disc 200 of different aperture or adjusting the rotation speed of the metering disc 200, for example, in the aperture, the volume of the metering hole 201 is increased to 20mm ³, and the powder feeding rate is correspondingly increased to 2111 g/h. Changing the size of the metering orifice 201 of the metering disc 200 from powder mixture to powder mixture and particle size allows for a wider range of powder feed rates and accurate metering. For example, for standard AMPERIT [ mu ] m-554.074 86% WC-10% Co-4% Cr (H.C.Stark) powder (particle size 5.6 [ mu ] m-22.5 [ mu ] m), the powder feeding rate range is 2531 g/h-8353 g/h. The optimal structural parameters of the powder feeder provided by the invention are as follows: the rotation speed of the metering disc 200 is controlled within the range of 10r/min to 60 r/min. The diameter of the bottom of the metering hole 201 is 2 mm-4 mm, and the number of holes for replacing the disc 402 is 16-32. Changing the structural parameters of the metering hole 201 can ensure that the powder feeding rate adjustment range of the equipment is 0.1kg/h to 10kg/h.

Thus, by varying the rotational speed of the metering disc 200 and/or changing the metering disc 200 to a different metering hole 201 diameter size, a uniform supply of almost all known powder materials and mixtures thereof can be ensured with high metering accuracy. The powder feeding efficiency of the powder feeder is not affected by shock waves and vibration in a powder feeding pipe of the energy-collecting explosion spraying device. The change in the powder feed rate is performed with a constant carrier gas flow, which also reduces its impact on the thermal spray technique.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting. Although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A powder feeder, characterized in that: comprises a powder discharging mechanism (100), a metering disc (200), a driving mechanism, a first charging barrel (500) and an air injection mechanism (400); the powder discharging mechanism (100) comprises a powder discharging pipe and a pressing check ring (104), and one end of the powder discharging pipe is sleeved in the pressing check ring (104); the metering disc (200) is attached to the bottom of the first charging barrel (500), metering holes (201) penetrating through two sides of the metering disc (200) are formed in the circumference of the metering disc (200), and the metering holes (201) are aligned with the powder outlet pipe through the pressing check rings (104); the driving mechanism drives the metering disc (200) to rotate, and the metering hole (201) rotates around the circle center of the metering disc (200) when the metering disc (200) rotates, so that the metering hole (201) on the metering disc (200) is aligned with the powder outlet pipe in sequence; the utility model provides a jet mechanism (400) is including sealed storehouse body (401), compressed gas connects (404) and disc (402), first feed cylinder (500) and measurement dish (200) are located sealed storehouse, sealed storehouse body (401) have apron (406) of first trompil, go out the powder pipe and wear to locate in the trompil, disc (402) laminating in measurement dish (200) below, be equipped with a plurality of recesses (407) with the junction of measurement dish (200) on disc (402), a plurality of inlet channel (403) have been seted up on disc (402), the both ends of a plurality of inlet channel (403) communicate sealed storehouse body (401) and recess (407) respectively, metering hole (201) on measurement dish (200) with recess (407) intercommunication, compressed gas connects (404) and sealed storehouse body (401) intercommunication.

2. A powder feeder as defined in claim 1, wherein: the metering hole (201) is a cylindrical hole or a conical hole, and when the metering hole is the conical hole, the large opening end of the conical hole faces upwards.

3. A powder feeder as defined in claim 1, wherein: the groove (407) is annular, and the cross section of the groove (407) is not smaller than the cross section of the metering hole (201).

4. A powder feeder as defined in claim 1, wherein: the plurality of air inlet channels (403) are radially symmetrically distributed on two sides of the concave groove (407).

5. A powder feeder as defined in claim 1, wherein: the metering disc (200) is removably connected to the disc (402).

6. A powder feeder as defined in claim 1, wherein: the driving mechanism comprises a main shaft (301) and a motor (300), wherein the motor (300) is connected with the main shaft (301), and the main shaft (301) is connected with the metering disc (200).

7. A powder feeder as defined in claim 1, wherein: the automatic powder metering device is characterized by further comprising a second charging barrel (600), wherein the cover plate of the sealing bin is further provided with a second opening, the second charging barrel (600) vertically penetrates through the second opening, two ends of the second charging barrel (600) are closed, one end, close to the metering disc, of the second charging barrel (600) is provided with a powder outlet hole, and the powder outlet hole is located on the moving path of the metering hole.

8. A powder feeder as defined in claim 7, wherein: still include the scraper blade, the hole of penetrating the board body has been seted up to the scraper blade, the scraper blade is connected between the blind end and the metering hole that second feed cylinder (600) are close to the metering disc, be in the same axis when going out powder hole, metering hole and the hole alignment of scraper blade, the hole size of scraper blade is less than the measuring hole size.

9. A powder feeder as defined in claim 8, wherein: the gap is arranged between the hole of the scraping plate and the metering hole, and the gap length is 0.5mm-1mm.