CN117878571A - Broadband dual-polarized miniaturized base station antenna loaded with directors - Google Patents
Broadband dual-polarized miniaturized base station antenna loaded with directors Download PDFInfo
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- CN117878571A CN117878571A CN202311339258.XA CN202311339258A CN117878571A CN 117878571 A CN117878571 A CN 117878571A CN 202311339258 A CN202311339258 A CN 202311339258A CN 117878571 A CN117878571 A CN 117878571A
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- station antenna
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a broadband dual-polarization miniaturized base station antenna loaded with directors, which relates to the technical field of antennas and comprises a floor, two coaxial lines, two balun feeder lines, two dipoles, a dielectric plate and the directors, wherein the dipoles are in one-to-one correspondence with the balun feeder lines and the coaxial lines; the two dipoles are mutually crossed to form a dipole pair, the dielectric plate is arranged above the dipole pair, and the director is arranged on the top of the dielectric plate; the dipole pair is arranged at the top of the floor, a gap is formed in a radiation arm of the dipole, and the balun feeder is arranged on the corresponding dipole; one end of the coaxial line is connected with the corresponding balun feeder, the other end of the coaxial line penetrates through the floor and extends out of the bottom of the floor, and the coaxial line is used for feeding power to the broadband dual-polarized miniaturized base station antenna. By adopting the invention, the stable radiation pattern and gain can be ensured while the miniaturization design is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a broadband dual-polarization miniaturized base station antenna with a loaded director.
Background
With the rapid development of mobile communication technology, the number of users of mobile communication networks has proliferated, and the telecommunication spectrum resources used by network operators have expanded from 2G to 5G. Meanwhile, operators require the antenna to support ultra-wideband as much as possible in order to save investment cost and avoid repeated construction of engineering.
As the frequency band used for communication is higher and higher, the space between the antenna units is smaller and smaller, so that the coupling strength between the antennas is stronger and stronger. However, the coupling between antennas can significantly affect the reflection coefficient as well as the radiation pattern.
Therefore, it is necessary to miniaturize the antenna unit so as to relatively increase the distance between antennas to correspondingly weaken the antenna coupling strength.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the broadband dual-polarization miniaturized base station antenna loaded with the directors, which can realize miniaturization design and ensure stable radiation pattern and gain.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a broadband dual-polarization miniaturized base station antenna loaded with directors, which comprises a floor, two coaxial lines, two balun feeder lines, two dipoles, a dielectric plate and the directors, wherein the dipoles are in one-to-one correspondence with the balun feeder lines and the coaxial lines; the two dipoles are mutually crossed to form a dipole pair, the dielectric plate is arranged above the dipole pair, and the director is arranged on the top of the dielectric plate; the dipole pair is arranged at the top of the floor, a gap is formed in a radiation arm of the dipole, and the balun feeder is arranged on the corresponding dipole; one end of the coaxial line is connected with the corresponding balun feeder, the other end of the coaxial line penetrates through the floor and extends out of the bottom of the floor, and the coaxial line is used for feeding power to the broadband dual-polarized miniaturized base station antenna.
As an improvement of the above, the directors are located directly above the dipole pairs.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the director comprises a main parasitic patch and four auxiliary parasitic patches, wherein the auxiliary parasitic patches are in one-to-one correspondence with the radiation arms; the main parasitic patch is arranged at the center of the top of the dielectric plate, and the auxiliary parasitic patch is distributed at the periphery of the main parasitic patch and is positioned right above the corresponding radiation arm.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the main parasitic patch is a circular patch, and/or the auxiliary parasitic patch includes two rectangular patches arranged in parallel.
As a modification of the above, the two dipoles are mutually orthogonal to constitute an "X" type structure.
As an improvement of the scheme, at least one upper row of rectangular slits are formed in the upper top edge of the radiating arm, at least one lower row of rectangular slits are formed in the lower bottom edge of the radiating arm, and the upper row of rectangular slits and the lower row of rectangular slits are arranged in a staggered mode along the length direction of the radiating arm.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the dielectric plate is arranged above the dipole pair through a fixing piece.
As an improvement of the scheme, the width of the gap is inversely related to the resonant frequency of the broadband dual-polarized miniaturized base station antenna.
As an improvement of the scheme, the length of the gap is inversely related to the resonant frequency of the broadband dual-polarized miniaturized base station antenna.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the length of the radiating arm is inversely related to the resonant frequency of the broadband dual-polarized miniaturized base station antenna.
The implementation of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the director is loaded above the dipole pair, so that the gain of a high frequency band can be effectively improved, and the radiation pattern is stabilized; specifically, by loading the circular patch, the radiation pattern of the antenna can be significantly improved; by loading the rectangular patch, the gain of the antenna in the high frequency band can reach 8.3dBi, and the gain is obviously improved.
The invention also opens a gap on the radiating arm of the dipole to increase the length of the antenna current path, thereby enabling the resonant frequency of the antenna to move toward low frequency; on the basis, the resonant frequency of the antenna can be shifted to high frequency by reducing the length of the radiating arm, so that the miniaturization of the antenna is realized under the condition of ensuring the working frequency to be unchanged;
therefore, the broadband dual-polarization miniaturized base station antenna loaded with the directors adopts a miniaturized design, and can relatively increase the distance between the edges of adjacent antennas under the condition of ensuring that the distance between the centers of adjacent antenna units is unchanged, thereby correspondingly weakening the coupling strength between the antennas and ensuring stable radiation patterns and gain.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of a broadband dual polarized miniaturized base station antenna of the present invention loaded with directors;
fig. 2 is a front view of a first embodiment of a broadband dual polarized miniaturized base station antenna of the present invention loaded with directors;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the steering device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph comparing radiation directions of an antenna when a circular patch is loaded and when the circular patch is not loaded;
FIG. 5 is a graph of gain versus antenna with and without rectangular patches loaded;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of a radiation arm in the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a simulated S-parameter of a broadband dual polarized miniaturized base station antenna of the present invention loaded with directors;
FIG. 8 is a radiation pattern of the E-plane at a frequency point of 1.7 GHz;
FIG. 9 is a radiation pattern of the H-plane at the 1.7GHz frequency point;
FIG. 10 is a radiation pattern of the E-plane at the 2.5GHz frequency point;
FIG. 11 is a radiation pattern of the H-plane at the 2.5GHz frequency point;
FIG. 12 is a radiation pattern of the E-plane at the 3.6GHz frequency point;
FIG. 13 is a radiation pattern of the H-plane at the 3.6GHz frequency point;
fig. 14 is a front view of a second embodiment of a broadband dual polarized miniaturized base station antenna of the present invention loaded with directors.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, for the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It is only stated that the terms of orientation such as up, down, left, right, front, back, inner, outer, etc. used in this document or the imminent present invention, are used only with reference to the drawings of the present invention, and are not meant to be limiting in any way.
Referring to fig. 1-2, fig. 1-2 show a first embodiment of a broadband dual-polarized miniaturized base station antenna loaded with directors according to the present invention, which comprises a floor 1, two coaxial lines 2, two balun feeder lines 3, two dipoles 4, a dielectric plate 5 and directors 6, wherein the dipoles 4 are in one-to-one correspondence with the balun feeder lines 3 and the coaxial lines 2; wherein, the two dipoles 4 are intersected with each other to form a dipole pair, the dielectric plate 5 is arranged above the dipole pair, a gap is arranged between the dielectric plate 5 and the dipole pair, and the director 6 is arranged at the top of the dielectric plate 5; the dipole pair is arranged at the top of the floor 1, a gap 7 is formed in a radiation arm of the dipole 4, and the balun feeder 3 is arranged on the corresponding dipole 4; one end of the coaxial line 2 is connected with a corresponding balun feeder 3, the other end penetrates through the floor 1 and extends out of the bottom of the floor 1, and the coaxial line 2 is used for feeding a broadband dual-polarized miniaturized base station antenna.
Unlike available technology, the present invention has director 6 loaded onto the dipole pair to raise the gain of high frequency band and stabilize the radiation pattern; simultaneously, the invention also opens a gap 7 on the radiation arm of the dipole 4 to increase the length of the antenna current path, thereby leading the resonant frequency of the antenna to move towards low frequency; on the basis, the resonant frequency of the antenna can be shifted to high frequency by reducing the length of the radiating arm, so that the miniaturization of the antenna is realized under the condition of ensuring the working frequency to be unchanged.
Further, the directors 6 are located directly above the dipole pairs; the two dipoles 4 are mutually orthogonal to form an "X" type structure.
It should be noted that the vertical intersection of the two dipoles 4 may achieve 45 ° polarization of the antenna; meanwhile, the balun feeder 3 is adopted, so that the bandwidth of the antenna can be effectively increased.
Preferably, the dielectric plate 5 and the dipole 4 are made of FR-4 material, which has excellent electrical performance and can work in a high temperature environment.
As shown in fig. 3, the director 6 includes a main parasitic patch 61 and four sub parasitic patches 62, and the sub parasitic patches 62 are in one-to-one correspondence with the radiating arms; wherein the main parasitic patch 61 is disposed at the center of the top of the dielectric plate 5, and the auxiliary parasitic patch 62 is distributed on the periphery of the main parasitic patch 61 and located directly above the corresponding radiation arm.
Further, the primary parasitic patch 61 is a circular patch and/or the secondary parasitic patch 62 includes two rectangular patches arranged in parallel.
As can be seen from fig. 4 and 5, the radiation pattern at 3.6GHz is distorted without the circular parasitic patch, and the radiation pattern of the antenna is significantly improved due to the coupling of the circular patch after the circular patch is loaded; in addition, through the guidance of the rectangular patch, the gain of the antenna in the high frequency band can reach 8.3dBi, and the gain is obviously improved.
As shown in fig. 6, at least one upper row of rectangular slits 71 is formed at the upper top edge of the radiating arm, at least one lower row of rectangular slits 72 is formed at the lower bottom edge of the radiating arm, and the upper row of rectangular slits 71 and the lower row of rectangular slits 72 are staggered along the length direction of the radiating arm.
The radiating arms are staggered with rectangular gaps, so that the current path length of the antenna can be increased, the resonant frequency can be moved towards low frequency, and on the basis, the resonant frequency can be moved towards high frequency by reducing the length of the radiating arms, so that the miniaturization of the antenna can be realized under the condition of ensuring that the working frequency is unchanged. Preferably, the radiating arm of the present invention is reduced by about 30% compared to conventional radiating arms, and the proposed miniaturized antenna is more advantageous.
Further, the width H of the slot 7 (including the upper row of rectangular slots 71 and the lower row of rectangular slots 72) is inversely related to the resonance frequency of the broadband dual-polarized miniaturized base station antenna. I.e., as the width H of the rectangular slot becomes wider, the resonant frequency of the broadband dual-polarized miniaturized base station antenna moves toward lower frequencies,
the length L1 of the slot 7 is inversely related to the resonant frequency of the broadband dual polarized miniaturized base station antenna. That is, as the length L1 of the rectangular slot increases, the resonance frequency of the broadband dual-polarized miniaturized base station antenna also shifts to a low frequency.
The length L2 of the radiating arm is inversely related to the resonant frequency of the broadband dual-polarized miniaturized base station antenna. That is, the resonant frequency can be shifted to a high frequency by reducing the length L2 of the radiating arm.
Therefore, the size of the radiating arm can be effectively reduced by adjusting the width of the rectangular slot, the length of the rectangular slot and the length of the radiating arm, thereby realizing miniaturization of the antenna.
The invention is described in further detail below in connection with specific simulation experiments:
as shown in FIG. 7, the result shows that S is in the frequency band of 1.68-3.82GHz 11 And S is 22 Are all smaller than-10 dB, S 21 Are all less than-20 dB.
As shown in fig. 8 to 13, the radiation directions of the antenna at 1.7ghz,2.5ghz and 3.6ghz are very stable.
As is clear from the above, the relative bandwidth of the invention reaches 77.8% (1.68 GHz-3.82GHz, S) 11 <-10 dB) may be used for 2G/3G/4G/5G base station antennas.
Referring to fig. 14, fig. 14 shows a second embodiment of the broadband dual polarized miniaturized base station antenna of the loading director of the present invention, unlike the first embodiment shown in fig. 1, the dielectric plate 5 is disposed above the dipole pair by the fixing member 8 in this embodiment, thereby achieving effective fixation of the dielectric plate 5 and ensuring a gap between the dielectric plate 5 and the dipole pair.
In summary, the broadband dual-polarization miniaturized base station antenna loaded with the directors adopts a miniaturized design, and can relatively increase the distance between the edges of adjacent antennas under the condition of ensuring that the distance between the centers of adjacent antenna units is unchanged, thereby correspondingly weakening the coupling strength between the antennas and ensuring stable radiation patterns and gain.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes and modifications may be made without departing from the principles of the invention, such changes and modifications are also intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The broadband dual-polarization miniaturized base station antenna loaded with the directors is characterized by comprising a floor, two coaxial lines, two balun feeder lines, two dipoles, a dielectric plate and the directors, wherein the dipoles are in one-to-one correspondence with the balun feeder lines and the coaxial lines;
the two dipoles are mutually crossed to form a dipole pair, the dielectric plate is arranged above the dipole pair, and the director is arranged on the top of the dielectric plate;
the dipole pair is arranged at the top of the floor, a gap is formed in a radiation arm of the dipole, and the balun feeder is arranged on the corresponding dipole;
one end of the coaxial line is connected with the corresponding balun feeder, the other end of the coaxial line penetrates through the floor and extends out of the bottom of the floor, and the coaxial line is used for feeding power to the broadband dual-polarized miniaturized base station antenna.
2. The director loaded broadband dual polarized miniaturized base station antenna of claim 1, wherein said directors are located directly above said pair of dipoles.
3. The director loaded broadband dual polarized miniaturized base station antenna of claim 1 or 2, wherein said director comprises a primary parasitic patch and four secondary parasitic patches, said secondary parasitic patches being in one-to-one correspondence with said radiating arms;
the main parasitic patch is arranged at the center of the top of the dielectric plate, and the auxiliary parasitic patch is distributed at the periphery of the main parasitic patch and is positioned right above the corresponding radiation arm.
4. A director loaded broadband dual polarized miniaturized base station antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that the primary parasitic patch is a circular patch and/or the secondary parasitic patch comprises two rectangular patches arranged in parallel.
5. The director loaded broadband dual polarized miniaturized base station antenna of claim 1 wherein said two dipoles are mutually orthogonal to form an "X" type structure.
6. The director loaded broadband dual polarized miniaturized base station antenna of claim 1, wherein the upper top edge of the radiating arm is provided with at least one upper row of rectangular slots, the lower bottom edge of the radiating arm is provided with at least one lower row of rectangular slots, and the upper row of rectangular slots and the lower row of rectangular slots are staggered along the length direction of the radiating arm.
7. The director loaded broadband dual polarized miniaturized base station antenna of claim 1, wherein said dielectric plate is disposed above said pair of dipoles by a fixture.
8. The director loaded wideband dual-polarized miniaturized base station antenna of claim 1, wherein the width of the slot is inversely related to the resonant frequency of the wideband dual-polarized miniaturized base station antenna.
9. The director loaded wideband dual-polarized miniaturized base station antenna of claim 1, wherein the length of the slot is inversely related to the resonant frequency of the wideband dual-polarized miniaturized base station antenna.
10. The director loaded wideband dual polarized miniaturized base station antenna of claim 1 wherein the length of the radiating arms is inversely related to the resonant frequency of the wideband dual polarized miniaturized base station antenna.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311339258.XA CN117878571A (en) | 2023-10-16 | 2023-10-16 | Broadband dual-polarized miniaturized base station antenna loaded with directors |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311339258.XA CN117878571A (en) | 2023-10-16 | 2023-10-16 | Broadband dual-polarized miniaturized base station antenna loaded with directors |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117878571A true CN117878571A (en) | 2024-04-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311339258.XA Pending CN117878571A (en) | 2023-10-16 | 2023-10-16 | Broadband dual-polarized miniaturized base station antenna loaded with directors |
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| CN (1) | CN117878571A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-10-16 CN CN202311339258.XA patent/CN117878571A/en active Pending
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