CN117866649A - Preparation method of mixed machine-made charcoal - Google Patents
Preparation method of mixed machine-made charcoal Download PDFInfo
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- CN117866649A CN117866649A CN202311842230.8A CN202311842230A CN117866649A CN 117866649 A CN117866649 A CN 117866649A CN 202311842230 A CN202311842230 A CN 202311842230A CN 117866649 A CN117866649 A CN 117866649A
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- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 26
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of mixing machine-made charcoal, which comprises the steps of taking straw and bamboo processing residues and bamboo scraps as raw materials, crushing the straw and the bamboo processing residues and bamboo scraps and controlling the crushing fineness on the premise of no other additive materials, mixing straw powder and bamboo scraps and controlling the content of the straw powder according to a certain proportion, and finally sequentially drying, extrusion molding, high-temperature carbonization and cooling the mixed powder to obtain the machine-made charcoal. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method has the advantages that the straw and bamboo processing residues and bamboo scraps are used as raw materials, and the crushing fineness and the mixing proportion of the straw and the bamboo scraps are controlled, so that the efficient preparation of the machine-made carbon is realized, the utilization rate of the straw can be improved, the agricultural recycling high-value utilization of the straw is realized, the range of the machine-made carbon raw materials is enlarged, and the problem of shortage of the machine-made carbon raw materials is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machine-made carbon preparation, in particular to a method for preparing mixed machine-made carbon.
Background
Charcoal is mainly applied to the fields of metallurgical industry, drying agent, medical use and the like, and because of the increased ecological environment protection of China, the natural forest protection engineering is greatly implemented, the cutting of forest trees and the limitation of natural forest charcoal are forbidden, the charcoal yield is continuously reduced in the last ten years, but the charcoal demand is continuously increased, and the charcoal market is short. The machine-made bamboo charcoal has the advantages of high heat value, long burning time, less ash and the like, gradually replaces the charcoal market, and has huge market gap. However, as the quality requirements of machine-made carbon products, the continuous improvement of the processing level of raw materials and the increasingly strict environmental requirements of the market are met, the machine-made carbon industry faces a plurality of challenges.
The mass difference of the machine-made charcoal prepared from different raw materials is large, if a single raw material is adopted, the yield and price of the raw material are greatly influenced by the market, so that the raw material diversification is an effective way for expanding the industrial scale and reducing the cost of the raw material, and two or more raw materials are generally adopted for producing the machine-made charcoal. The straw is the other half of the crop, is a byproduct of agricultural production, is also an important agricultural resource, and is one of the directions of solving the shortage problem of the current machine-made charcoal raw material by using the straw as the machine-made charcoal preparation raw material to expand the range of the machine-made charcoal raw material and improve the utilization rate of the crop straw.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a preparation method of the mixed machine-made charcoal, which takes straw and bamboo processing residues and bamboo scraps as raw materials, and realizes the efficient preparation of the machine-made charcoal by controlling the crushing fineness and the mixing proportion of the straw and the bamboo scraps, thereby not only improving the utilization rate of the straw and realizing the agricultural recycling high-value utilization of the straw, but also expanding the range of raw materials of the machine-made charcoal and being beneficial to solving the problem of shortage of raw materials of the machine-made charcoal.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:
the preparation method of the mixed machine-made charcoal comprises the following steps:
and (3) crushing the straw and bamboo processing residues and bamboo scraps to obtain straw powder and bamboo scraps, wherein the fineness of the straw powder and the bamboo scraps is less than or equal to 1mm.
Mixing the crushed straw powder and bamboo chip powder in a certain proportion to prepare mixed powder, wherein the content of the straw powder in the mixed powder is less than or equal to 30 percent.
And (3) drying the mixed powder to obtain dry powder, wherein the water content of the dry powder is less than or equal to 10%.
And extruding and forming the dry powder to obtain the machine-made rod.
And (3) carbonizing the machine-made rod at high temperature, and automatically cooling the machine-made rod for 24-48 h after carbonizing to obtain the mixed machine-made carbon product.
Further, the crushing of the straw and bamboo processing residues and bamboo scraps is respectively carried out in a crusher.
Further, the fineness of the straw powder and the bamboo chip powder is 0.5 mm-1 mm.
Further, the mixing ratio of the straw powder to the bamboo chip powder is 1:3 to 4.
Further, when the mixed powder is dried, the mixed powder is placed in a drying roller and dried for 30-60 min at the temperature of 100-150 ℃.
Further, extrusion molding of the dry powder agent is performed in a rod making machine.
Further, when the machine-made rod is carbonized at high temperature, the method comprises the following steps:
the machine-made rod is placed in a carbonization kiln, and is burnt for 1 to 2 hours at 160 to 180 ℃ through the carbonization kiln, so that the machine-made rod is dried.
After the machine-made rod is dried, the carbonization kiln is shut down, and then the machine-made rod is combusted to generate heat, so that the temperature of the carbonization kiln is increased to 180-300 ℃ until the machine-made rod is carbonized primarily.
After preliminary carbonization of the machine-made rod, the temperature of the carbonization kiln reaches 900-1100 ℃ by a large amount of heat generated by thermal decomposition through the combustion of the machine-made rod and the combustible gas until the machine-made rod is completely carbonized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. on the premise of no other additive materials, the invention takes the straw and bamboo processing residues and bamboo scraps as raw materials, crushes the straw and bamboo processing residues and controls the crushing fineness, then mixes the straw powder and the bamboo scraps powder and controls the content of the straw powder according to a certain proportion, finally, the mixed powder is sequentially dried, extruded and molded, carbonized at high temperature and cooled to obtain the machine-made carbon, and the finally obtained machine-made carbon product has excellent performance, can reach the calorific value of more than 25.16MJ/kg, and meets the requirements of bamboo charcoal for fuel GB/T28669-2012.
2. According to the invention, the machine-made carbon product is prepared by taking the straw and bamboo processing residues and bamboo scraps as raw materials, so that the high-efficiency utilization of two types of agricultural and forestry wastes is realized, the utilization rate of the straw is improved, the agricultural cycle high-value utilization of the straw is realized, the range of the machine-made carbon raw materials is enlarged, and the problem of shortage of the machine-made carbon raw materials is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a process flow of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a table showing the comparison of the experimental data of the straw content and the calorific value of the machine-made charcoal product in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of experimental data of the heat productivity of the machine-made carbon product according to the invention along with the change of the straw content;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a system for producing a rod in a mixing machine according to the present invention.
Description of the drawings: 1. a first pulverizer; 2. a second pulverizer; 3. a first metering bin; 4. a second metering bin; 5. a mixer; 6. a drying drum; 7. an induced draft fan; 8. a rod making machine; 9. a carbonization kiln; 10. and a waste heat fan.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following.
As shown in fig. 4, the rod production system of the mixing machine comprises a first pulverizer 1, a second pulverizer 2, a first metering bin 3, a second metering bin 4, a mixer 5, a drying roller 6, an induced draft fan 7, a rod making machine 8, a carbonization kiln 9, a waste heat fan 10 and a flue gas device.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for preparing the mixed machine-made carbon based on the mixed machine-made rod production system comprises the following steps:
firstly, crushing the straw and bamboo processing residues and bamboo scraps to prepare straw powder and bamboo scraps, wherein the fineness of the straw powder and the bamboo scraps is less than or equal to 1mm.
Step two, mixing the crushed straw powder and the bamboo chip powder in a certain proportion to prepare mixed powder, wherein the content of the straw powder in the mixed powder is less than or equal to 30 percent.
And thirdly, placing the mixed powder into a drying roller 6, and then drying the mixed powder for 30-60 min at the temperature of 100-150 ℃ to obtain the dry powder with the water content less than or equal to 10 percent after drying the mixed powder.
And fourthly, placing the dry powder into a rod making machine 8, and then controlling the pressure to carry out extrusion molding to obtain the machine-made rod.
And fifthly, carbonizing the machine-made rod at high temperature, and automatically cooling the machine-made rod for 24-48 h after carbonizing to obtain the mixed machine-made carbon product.
Because the properties of the straw and the bamboo chips are different, if two raw materials are simultaneously put into the pulverizer to be pulverized, the pulverizing fineness is uneven, the secondary return is needed to pulverize or the quality of a subsequent machine-made rod is influenced, and further the production cost is increased, so in step 1, the embodiment preferably places the straw and the bamboo processing residues and bamboo chips into the pulverizer to pulverize respectively, and in this embodiment, the first pulverizer 1 and the second pulverizer 2 are utilized to pulverize the straw and the bamboo processing residues and bamboo chips respectively.
Experiments show that if the fineness of the straw powder and the bamboo chip powder is larger than 1mm, the manufactured machine-made rod can be broken, meanwhile, the quality of the machine-made carbon prepared by carbonization cannot meet the requirements of standard 'bamboo charcoal for fuel' GB/T28669-2012, the fineness of the straw powder and the bamboo chip powder needs to be controlled below 1mm, and when the fineness of the straw powder and the bamboo chip powder is smaller than 0.5mm, the crushing time is increased or a crusher with larger power needs to be used, so that the production cost is increased, and in the first step, in order to ensure the production quality and further reduce the production cost, the embodiment preferably controls the fineness of the straw powder and the bamboo chip powder within the range of 0.5 mm-1 mm.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, experiments show that when the content (addition amount) of the straw powder is not more than 30%, the calorific value of the prepared machine-made carbon can reach 25MJ/kg, meets the standard requirement of 'bamboo charcoal for fuel' GB/T28669-2012, and gradually and slowly reduces along with the increase of the content of the straw powder, wherein when the content of the straw powder is 10%, the calorific value of the machine-made carbon is 29.8MJ/kg; when the content of the straw powder is 30%, the heating value of the machine-made carbon is 25.16MJ/kg. And when the content of the straw powder is more than 30%, the calorific value of the prepared machine-made carbon can not reach 25MJ/kg, and the calorific value of the machine-made carbon is in a trend of sharply decreasing along with the continuous increase of the content of the straw powder, so that the standard requirement can not be met. Therefore, in the second step, the content of the straw powder needs to be controlled within a range of not more than 30%, and the mixing ratio of the straw powder and the bamboo chip powder is preferably controlled to be 1 based on the content range of the straw powder: 3-4 to ensure the utilization rate of straw powder and the preparation quality of machine-made carbon at the same time, and in this embodiment, according to 1:3, respectively metering the crushed straw powder and the crushed bamboo chip powder through a first metering bin 3 and a second metering bin 4, and then leaking the straw powder and the crushed bamboo chip powder into a mixer 5 through the metering bins for full mixing to prepare mixed powder.
The mixed powder is discharged from a discharge port of a mixer 5 and enters a drying drum 6 through a feed port of the drying drum 6 for drying treatment, smoke generated in the drying process is discharged from an exhaust port of the drying drum 6 and is discharged to a smoke device through a draught fan 7 for smoke purification treatment, the dried dry powder is discharged from the discharge port of the drying drum 6 and is discharged to a rod making machine 8 through a feed port of the rod making machine 8, a machine-made rod is manufactured in the rod making machine 8 through extrusion molding, then the machine-made rod is taken out from the rod making machine 8 and placed in a carbonization kiln 9 for high-temperature carbonization treatment, and a mixed machine-made carbon product is obtained after carbonization and cooling of the machine-made rod.
In the fifth step, when the machine-made rod is carbonized at high temperature, the method is divided into the following three steps:
(1) and (3) a drying stage: the machine-made rod is placed in a carbonization kiln 9, and is burnt for 1-2 hours at 160-180 ℃ through the carbonization kiln 9 from the ignition of the carbonization kiln 9, so that the machine-made rod is dried, and the chemical composition of the machine-made rod is not changed at the moment.
(2) And (3) carbonization initial stage: after the machined rod is dried, the carbonization kiln 9 is shut down, then the temperature of the carbonization kiln 9 is increased to 180-300 ℃ by the heat generated by the self-combustion of the machined rod until the machined rod is carbonized initially, and the chemical composition of the machined rod starts to change at the moment.
(3) And (3) a comprehensive carbonization stage: after preliminary carbonization of the machined rod, the temperature of the carbonization kiln 9 reaches 900-1100 ℃ by a large amount of heat generated by thermal decomposition through combustion of the machined rod and the combustible gas until the machined rod is completely carbonized.
The high-temperature flue gas generated in the carbonization process is discharged through the exhaust port of the carbonization kiln 9 and is discharged to the drying roller 6 through the waste heat fan 10 for drying mixed powder, so that the waste heat of the carbonization kiln 9 is fully utilized to achieve the purpose of energy conservation.
According to the preparation method, on the premise of no other additive materials, the preparation of the machine-made charcoal by taking the straw and bamboo processing residues and bamboo scraps as raw materials is realized by controlling the crushing fineness of the raw materials and the content of the straw powder, the prepared machine-made charcoal has good performance, meets the standard requirements of 'bamboo charcoal for fuel' GB/T28669-2012, finally realizes the efficient utilization of two kinds of agricultural and forestry wastes, improves the utilization rate of the straw, realizes the agricultural cycle high-value utilization of the straw, expands the range of the machine-made charcoal raw materials, and is beneficial to solving the problem of shortage of the machine-made charcoal raw materials.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. The preparation method of the mixed machine-made charcoal is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
crushing the straw and bamboo processing residues into straw powder and bamboo chip powder, wherein the fineness of the straw powder and the bamboo chip powder is less than or equal to 1mm;
mixing the crushed straw powder and bamboo chip powder in a certain proportion to prepare mixed powder, wherein the content of the straw powder in the mixed powder is less than or equal to 30 percent;
drying the mixed powder to obtain dry powder, wherein the water content of the dry powder is less than or equal to 10%;
extruding and forming the dry powder to prepare a machine-made rod;
and (3) carbonizing the machine-made rod at high temperature, and automatically cooling the machine-made rod for 24-48 h after carbonizing to obtain the mixed machine-made carbon product.
2. The method for preparing the mixed machine-made charcoal according to claim 1, wherein: the crushing of the straw and bamboo processing residues and bamboo scraps is respectively carried out in a crusher.
3. The method for preparing the mixed machine-made charcoal according to claim 1, wherein: the fineness of the straw powder and the bamboo chip powder is 0.5 mm-1 mm.
4. The method for preparing the mixed machine-made charcoal according to claim 1, wherein: the mixing proportion of the straw powder and the bamboo chip powder is 1:3 to 4.
5. The method for preparing the mixed machine-made charcoal according to claim 1, wherein: when the mixed powder is dried, the mixed powder is placed in a drying roller and dried for 30-60 min at the temperature of 100-150 ℃.
6. The method for preparing the mixed machine-made charcoal according to claim 1, wherein: extrusion molding of the dry powder agent is performed in a rod making machine.
7. The method for preparing the mixed machine-made carbon according to claim 1, wherein when the machine-made rod is carbonized at a high temperature, the method comprises the following steps:
placing the machine-made rod into a carbonization kiln, burning the machine-made rod for 1-2 hours at 160-180 ℃ through the carbonization kiln, and drying the machine-made rod;
after the machine-made rod is dried, the carbonization kiln is shut down, and then the machine-made rod is combusted to generate heat, so that the temperature of the carbonization kiln is increased to 180-300 ℃ until the machine-made rod is carbonized primarily;
after preliminary carbonization of the machine-made rod, the temperature of the carbonization kiln reaches 900-1100 ℃ by a large amount of heat generated by thermal decomposition through the combustion of the machine-made rod and the combustible gas until the machine-made rod is completely carbonized.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311842230.8A CN117866649A (en) | 2023-12-27 | 2023-12-27 | Preparation method of mixed machine-made charcoal |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311842230.8A CN117866649A (en) | 2023-12-27 | 2023-12-27 | Preparation method of mixed machine-made charcoal |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117866649A true CN117866649A (en) | 2024-04-12 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311842230.8A Pending CN117866649A (en) | 2023-12-27 | 2023-12-27 | Preparation method of mixed machine-made charcoal |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN117866649A (en) |
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- 2023-12-27 CN CN202311842230.8A patent/CN117866649A/en active Pending
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