CN117865530A - Passivation method of sulfur-containing tailings, geopolymer material prepared by using passivation method and application of geopolymer material - Google Patents
Passivation method of sulfur-containing tailings, geopolymer material prepared by using passivation method and application of geopolymer material Download PDFInfo
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- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 229920000876 geopolymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 abstract description 46
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 11
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 7
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 5
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical group O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- IJKVHSBPTUYDLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydroxy(oxo)silane Chemical compound O[Si](O)=O IJKVHSBPTUYDLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000820 toxicity test Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003914 acid mine drainage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012824 chemical production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001095 inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- -1 silicon-aluminum compound Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
Landscapes
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a passivation method of sulfur-containing tailings, a geopolymer material prepared by the method and application thereof, wherein the passivation method of the sulfur-containing tailings comprises the following steps of S1, crushing solid wastes: respectively crushing and sieving 10-12 parts of sulfur-containing tailings, 2-8 parts of silicon-containing industrial waste and 4-8 parts of alkaline industrial waste according to parts by weight, and uniformly mixing to obtain a solid mixture; s2, stirring reaction: adding water into the solid mixture according to the water-gel ratio of 0.3-0.6, and stirring for reaction to obtain a gel mixture; s3, maintenance: maintaining the gelatinous mixture at room temperature, and carrying out hydration reaction to obtain the geopolymer material containing the passivated sulfur-containing tailings. The method has the beneficial effects that the method can inhibit the oxidation of tailings and effectively reduce the generation of acid mine wastewater; the leaching concentration of the metal and the heavy metal can meet the relevant specified limit value in the surface water class II standard and the underground water class IV standard in the national standard, and the passivation effect of the sulfur-containing tailings is excellent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental engineering, in particular to a passivation method of sulfur-containing tailings, a geopolymer material prepared by the method and application thereof.
Background
Tailings are an important source of heavy metal pollution, and the main components of the sulfur-containing tailings are sulfide and SiO 2 And accompanying heavy metal compounds, are typically stacked in open air or stored in an underground tailings pond. The sulfur-containing tailings undergo long-term rain leaching, groundwater contact and air oxidation to produce a leachate characterized by strong acidity and high soluble heavy metal ion concentration, known as acidic mine wastewater (Acid Mine Drainage, AMD), which is discharged into water and soil, causing serious harm to human health and the entire ecosystem.
Passivation of sulfur-containing tailings is the most effective repair method for inhibiting heavy metal leaching from the source. Currently, widely studied passivation materials are limestone, phosphate, portland cement, and the like. The passivation materials have the defects of high cost, poor passivation effect, pollution and the like; in addition, the commonly used alkaline activator is alkali solution such as sodium hydroxide, and the like, and the problem of high cost exists; therefore, the problems of high passivation cost, poor passivation effect and the like of the sulfur-containing tailings limit the further cleaning treatment of the sulfur-containing tailings.
Aiming at the technical problems, a novel passivation method of the sulfur-containing tailings is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
First, the technical problem to be solved
In view of the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention provides a sulfur-containing tailing passivation method, a geopolymer material prepared by the method and application thereof, which solve the technical problems that the prior sulfur-containing tailing passivation cost is high, the passivation effect is poor, the passivation reaction material can cause pollution, and the further cleaning treatment of the sulfur-containing tailing is limited.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the above purpose, the main technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises the following steps:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a passivation method for sulfur-containing tailings, including the following steps, S1, crushing solid waste: respectively crushing and sieving 10-12 parts of sulfur-containing tailings, 2-8 parts of silicon-containing industrial waste and 4-8 parts of alkaline industrial waste according to parts by weight, and uniformly mixing to obtain a solid mixture; s2, stirring reaction: adding water into the solid mixture according to the water-gel ratio of 0.3-0.6, and stirring for reaction to obtain a gel mixture; s3, maintenance: maintaining the gelatinous mixture at room temperature, and carrying out hydration reaction to obtain the geopolymer material containing the passivated sulfur-containing tailings.
Wherein the sulfur-containing tailings mainly contain sulfide and SiO 2 And Al 2 O 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The silicon-containing industrial waste is mainly composed of silicate and SiO 2 Industrial waste of the silicon compound; the alkaline industrial waste is industrial waste whose main component is calcium hydroxide or which can react to produce calcium hydroxide in the presence of water. By SiO 2 、Al 2 O 3 And calcium hydroxide is subjected to hydration reaction under the action of water to form a C- (A) -S-H gel material which is coated on the surface of the sulfur-containing tailings.
According to the preferred embodiment of the invention, in S1, the sulfur-containing tailings are 10 parts, the silicon-containing industrial waste is 3-8 parts and the alkaline industrial waste is 4-6 parts.
According to the preferred embodiment of the invention, in S1, the sulfur-containing tailings contain sulfide and SiO 2 And Al 2 O 3 。
According to the preferred embodiment of the invention, in the passivation method of the sulfur-containing tailings, in S1, the silicon-containing industrial waste is selected from one or more of silica fume and blast furnace slag.
Wherein, the silica fume is a byproduct of smelting ferrosilicon and industrial silicon, and the main component is SiO 2 . A kind of waste slag discharged from blast furnace when smelting pig iron from blast furnace slag contains silicate, ferric oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, etc.
According to the preferred embodiment of the invention, in the passivation method of the sulfur-containing tailings, in S1, the alkaline industrial waste is selected from one or more of carbide slag, alkaline slag and saponified waste slag.
Wherein, the carbide slag is usually waste in chlor-alkali chemical production, and the main component is calcium hydroxide; the alkaline residue is waste residue of alkali plant, and comprises calcium salts such as calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, calcium chloride and the like as main components; the saponified waste residue mainly comprises insoluble impurities of lime milk except calcium hydroxide, and also contains calcium carbonate sediment and a small amount of calcium chloride.
According to the preferred embodiment of the invention, in the passivation method of the sulfur-containing tailings, in S1, the sieving aperture of the sulfur-containing tailings is 2-4mm, and the sieving aperture of the silicon-containing industrial waste and the alkaline industrial waste is 200-300 meshes.
According to the preferred embodiment of the invention, in the passivation method of the sulfur-containing tailings, in S2, the water-gel ratio is 0.46-0.55, and the stirring reaction time is 3-8min.
According to the preferred embodiment of the invention, in the passivation method of the sulfur-containing tailings, in the step S3, the maintenance humidity is 92% -100%, and the maintenance time is 7-14 days.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a geopolymer material prepared by the passivation method of the sulfur-containing tailings provided in the first aspect.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the geopolymer material is used for mine hole backfilling.
(III) beneficial effects
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the passivation method of the sulfur-containing tailings, the geopolymer material prepared by the method and the application of the geopolymer material, the components such as the silicon-aluminum compound in the sulfur-containing tailings are utilized to react with the silicon-containing industrial waste and the alkaline industrial waste to form the C- (A) -S-H gel material, and the C- (A) -S-H gel material is wrapped on the surfaces of the sulfur-containing tailings to form the microcapsule, so that the oxidation of the tailings can be inhibited, and the generation of acid mine wastewater can be effectively reduced.
In addition, the gel material has adsorption effect and cation exchange effect, and is favorable for reducing leaching of metals, heavy metals and sulfate radical, so that the concentration of the metals, heavy metals and sulfate radical in the leaching solution is greatly reduced. The leaching concentration of the metal and the heavy metal can meet the relevant specified limit value in the surface water class II standard and the underground water class IV standard in the national standard, and the passivation effect of the sulfur-containing tailings is excellent.
The compression strength of the geopolymer material 7d generated by passivation of the sulfur-containing tailings reaches more than 3.7MPa and can reach 5.12MPa at most, and the strength can meet the strength requirement on a filling body in mine cavity backfilling engineering, so that the recycling of the sulfur-containing tailings is promoted.
According to the invention, 10-12 parts of sulfur-containing tailings, 2-8 parts of silicon-containing industrial waste and 4-8 parts of alkaline industrial waste are selected, and the geopolymer material with low leaching concentration of metal, heavy metal and sulfate radical and high compressive strength can be produced by reaction in combination with the water-gel ratio of 0.3-0.6, so that the geopolymer material can be directly used for mine cavity backfill engineering and has high popularization value.
The sieving aperture of the sulfur-containing tailings is 2-4mm, so that the active substances participate in the reaction and the strength of the geopolymer material is ensured; the silicon-containing industrial waste and the alkaline industrial waste are screened by a sieve with 200-300 meshes, and the smaller the particle size of the waste particles is, the stronger the reactivity is, so that the reaction is facilitated to occur to form the cementing material similar to cement in texture. The selection of the treatment granularity integrates the reaction requirement and the treatment cost of the solid waste.
In the passivation method of the sulfur-containing tailings, materials are solid wastes, and waste treatment by waste realizes waste recycling, so that the cost is effectively saved; the flow is simple, the operation is easy, and no follow-up is carried out.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail by way of specific embodiments for better explaining the invention.
The passivation method of the sulfur-containing tailings, the geopolymer material prepared by the method and the application thereof aim at the technical problems that the passivation cost of the sulfur-containing tailings is high, the passivation effect is poor, the passivation reaction material can cause pollution, and the further cleaning and treatment of the sulfur-containing tailings are limited; according to the invention, sulfur-containing tailings, silicon-containing industrial waste and alkaline industrial waste are selected, and water is matched, so that the geopolymer material with low leaching concentration of metal, heavy metal and sulfate radical and high compressive strength can be produced through reaction, and the geopolymer material can be directly used for mine hole backfill engineering and has a relatively high popularization value.
In order to better understand the above technical solution, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. It should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a passivation method of sulfur-containing tailings, a geopolymer material prepared by the method and application thereof, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) The sulfur-containing tailings are taken from a water tap tailing area in Fugang county of Qingyuan city of Guangdong, are ground uniformly and pass through a 2mm sieve to prepare the crushed sulfur-containing tailings. XRF analysis showed that the main elemental constituents of the tailings were: fe (Fe) 2 O 3 ：29.6％、SiO 2 ：28.7％、SO 3 ：16.9％、Al 2 O 3 ：10.44％、CaO：3.0％、ZnO：0.7％。
(2) And respectively grinding the silica fume and the carbide slag uniformly, and sieving the powder with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain silica fume powder and carbide slag powder. XRF analysis showed, among other things, the main elemental composition of the silica fume: siO (SiO) 2 ：95.7％、MgO：0.8％、Al 2 O 3 :0.5%; the main component of the carbide slag is calcium hydroxide.
(3) And uniformly mixing the crushed sulfur-containing tailings with the silica fume powder and the carbide slag powder according to the mass ratio of 10:3:4 to prepare a solid mixture.
(4) Then, water was added at a water-gel ratio of 0.48 (ratio of water to solid mixture), and the mixture was stirred in a stirrer for 5 minutes to prepare a gel-like mixture.
(5) The gum mixture was layered into a standard triple test mold during which a compaction table was used to assist in molding. Placing the molded test mould into a cement standard curing box for curing, wherein the set temperature in the curing box is 20 ℃ and the humidity is 92%; and demolding and continuously curing for 7 days after 24 hours to obtain the geopolymer material of ST (sulfur-containing tailings) +0.3SF (silica fume) +0.4CS (carbide slag).
(6) Heavy metal leaching toxicity test is carried out on the geopolymer material, the leaching toxicity test refers to the national standard of solid waste leaching toxicity leaching method (HJ 299-2007), sulfur-containing tailings with the same quality are used as a control (other treatments are the same), the concentration of Fe, mn, zn, as, cd in the leaching solution is detected by ICP-MS, and the result is shown in Table 1 in detail; meanwhile, the removal rate of the corresponding extract was calculated, and the results are shown in Table 2.
(7) The polymer materials are subjected to leaching acid-base and sulfur tests by taking sulfur-containing tailings with the same quality as a control (other treatments are the same), and the pH value of the leaching liquid is measured by using a Hash multi-parameter instrument, and the results are shown in Table 2 in detail; the concentration of sulfate ions in the leachate was measured using a hash spectrophotometer, and the results are shown in table 1 in detail.
(8) The polymer materials were subjected to a compressive strength test, which was referred to the national standard "cement mortar strength test method" (GB/T17671-2021), and 7d compressive strength test was performed using a compressive strength tester, and the results are shown in Table 1.
Example 1 is a best example, when the mass ratio of the sulfur-containing tailing slag to the silica fume powder to the carbide slag powder is 10:3:4, the water-gel ratio is 0.48 (the water-gel ratio exceeds 0.6 and affects the strength of the geopolymer material), as shown in table 1, the prepared geopolymer material 7d has a compressive strength of 5.12Mpa, and the strength can directly meet the strength requirement of the filling body in mine cavity backfilling engineering. The removal rate of Fe, mn, zn, as, cd in the leaching solution is over 95 percent, the corresponding leaching concentration is the lowest,
the leaching-related concentration can meet the relevant specified limit value in the surface water class II standard and the underground water class IV standard in the national standard. Meanwhile, the removal rate of sulfate ions in the leaching solution is more than 90%, the concentration of sulfate ions in the leaching solution is the lowest, the concentration of sulfate ions in the leaching solution is 900mg/L, and the pH value of the leaching solution is alkaline.
Comprehensively, the embodiment realizes the effective passivation of the sulfur-containing tailings, can be used for backfilling mine holes with the prepared geopolymer material, promotes the recycling of the sulfur-containing tailings, effectively utilizes the silica fume and the carbide slag as resources, finally realizes the 'waste treatment with waste', and has stronger popularization value.
Example 2
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that:
the mass ratio in the step (3) is exchanged to be 10:5:4.
In the step (4), the water-gel ratio is 0.49.
In the step (5), a geopolymer material of ST (sulfur-containing tailings) +0.5SF (silica fume) +0.4CS (carbide slag) is prepared.
The detection results are shown in Table 1 and Table 2.
As can be seen from the comparison between the present example and the example 1, the use level of silica fume is increased based on the example 1, and the leaching concentration of Fe, mn, zn, as, cd in the leaching solution is slightly increased; the compressive strength of the prepared geopolymer material 7d is slightly reduced.
Example 3
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that:
the mass ratio in the step (3) is exchanged to 10:8:4.
In the step (4), the water-gel ratio is 0.48.
In the step (5), a geopolymer material of ST (sulfur-containing tailings) +0.8SF (silica fume) +0.4CS (carbide slag) is prepared.
The detection results are shown in Table 1 and Table 2.
As can be seen from comparison of the present example with example 2, the use level of silica fume was further increased based on example 2, and the leaching concentration of Fe, mn, zn, cd in the leaching solution was further increased; the compressive strength of the prepared geopolymer material 7d is further reduced.
Example 4
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that:
the mass ratio in the step (3) is exchanged to 10:3:8.
In the step (4), the water-gel ratio is 0.50.
In the step (5), a geopolymer material of ST (sulfur-containing tailings) +0.3SF (silica fume) +0.8CS (carbide slag) is prepared.
The detection results are shown in Table 1 and Table 2.
As can be seen from the comparison of the present example and example 1, the use level of carbide slag is increased based on example 1, and the leaching concentration of Fe, mn, zn, as, cd in the leaching solution is obviously increased; the compressive strength of the prepared geopolymer material 7d is also obviously reduced; meanwhile, the concentration of sulfate ions in the leaching solution is obviously increased.
Comparative example 1
The difference between this comparative example and example 1 is that: replacing the silica fume in the step (2) with fly ash.
In the step (4), the water-gel ratio is 0.52.
In the step (5), a geopolymer material of ST (sulfur-containing tailings) +0.3FA (fly ash) +0.4CS (carbide slag) is prepared.
The detection results are shown in Table 1 and Table 2.
As shown in Table 1, when the silica fume is replaced by the fly ash, the compressive strength of the prepared geopolymer material 7d is obviously reduced, even less than 1Mpa, as compared with the comparative example 1; the Fe, mn, zn, cd concentration in the leaching solution is increased, and the sulfate ion concentration in the leaching solution is obviously increased; as shown in Table 2, the removal rate of Mn and Cd by the fly ash is lower, and the concentration of Mn and Cd in the corresponding leaching solution exceeds the relevant specified limit value in the national standard of surface water class II and the national standard of groundwater class IV.
Comparative example 2
The difference between this comparative example and example 1 is that:
the mass ratio in the step (3) is exchanged to 10:10:4.
In the step (4), the water-gel ratio is 0.46.
In the step (5), a geopolymer material of ST (sulfur-containing tailings) +SF (silica fume) +0.4CS (carbide slag) is prepared.
The detection results are shown in Table 1 and Table 2.
As can be seen from the comparison between the comparative example and the example 3, the compression strength of the prepared geopolymer material 7d is obviously reduced by further improving the proportion of silica fume; the concentration of Fe, mn, zn, as, cd in the leaching solution is increased, and the concentration of sulfate ions in the leaching solution is increased; meanwhile, the As concentration in the leaching solution exceeds the relevant specified limit value in the surface water class II standard and the underground water class IV standard in the national standard.
Comparative example 3
The difference between this comparative example and example 1 is that:
the carbide slag in step (2) was replaced with sodium hydroxide solution (1 g of carbide slag corresponds to 4.3ml of 5mol/L sodium hydroxide solution).
In the step (4), the water-gel ratio is 0.55.
In step (5), a geopolymer material of ST (sulfur-containing tailings) +sf (silica fume) +sh (sodium hydroxide solution) is produced.
The detection results are shown in Table 1 and Table 2.
As can be seen from the comparison of the comparative example and the example 1, the compressive strength of the prepared geopolymer material 7d is obviously reduced and is close to 1Mpa by replacing the carbide slag which is an alkaline industrial waste with an alkaline chemical agent sodium hydroxide solution; the Fe, mn, zn, as, cd concentration in the leaching solution is increased, and the sulfate ion concentration in the leaching solution is obviously increased; meanwhile, the concentration of Fe and As in the leaching solution exceeds the relevant specified limit value in the surface water class II standard and the underground water class IV standard in the national standard.
Comparative example 4
The difference between this comparative example and example 1 is that:
the mass ratio in the step (3) is exchanged to 10:1:4.
In the step (4), the water-gel ratio is 0.50.
In the step (5), a geopolymer material of ST (sulfur-containing tailings) +0.1SF (silica fume) +0.4CS (carbide slag) is prepared.
The detection results are shown in Table 1 and Table 2.
As can be seen from the comparison between the comparative example and the example 1, the compression strength of the prepared geopolymer material 7d is obviously reduced by reducing the use amount of silica fume; the Fe, mn, zn, as, cd concentration in the leaching solution is increased, and the sulfate ion concentration in the leaching solution is obviously increased; meanwhile, the As concentration in the leaching solution exceeds the relevant specified limit value in the surface water class II standard and the underground water class IV standard in the national standard.
Comparative example 5
The difference between this comparative example and example 1 is that:
the mass ratio in the step (3) is exchanged to be 10:3:1.
In the step (4), the water-gel ratio is 0.52.
In the step (5), a geopolymer material of ST (sulfur-containing tailings) +0.3SF (silica fume) +0.1CS (carbide slag) is prepared.
The detection results are shown in Table 1 and Table 2.
As can be seen from the comparison between the comparative example and the example 1, the compressive strength of the prepared geopolymer material 7d is obviously reduced by reducing the use amount of carbide slag; the Fe, mn, zn, as, cd concentration in the leaching solution is increased, and the sulfate ion concentration in the leaching solution is obviously increased and is close to 3 times of that of the example 1; meanwhile, the Fe, zn, as, cd concentration in the leaching solution exceeds the relevant specified limit value in the surface water class II standard and the underground water class IV standard in the national standard; the pH of the leaching solution is obviously reduced.
Comparative example 6
The difference between this comparative example and example 1 is that:
the silica fume in step (2) is replaced with kaolin.
In the step (4), the water-gel ratio is 0.49.
In the step (5), a geopolymer material of ST (sulfur-containing tailings) +0.3KL (kaolin) +0.4CS (carbide slag) is prepared.
The detection results are shown in Table 1 and Table 2.
As can be seen from the comparison between the comparative example and the example 1, the compressive strength of the prepared geopolymer material 7d is obviously reduced by replacing the silica fume with kaolin, and is close to 1Mpa; the concentration of Fe, mn, zn, as, cd and sulfate ions in the leaching solution is slightly increased.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A passivation method of sulfur-containing tailings is characterized by comprising the following steps,
s1, crushing solid waste: respectively crushing and sieving 10-12 parts of sulfur-containing tailings, 2-8 parts of silicon-containing industrial waste and 4-8 parts of alkaline industrial waste according to parts by weight, and uniformly mixing to obtain a solid mixture;
s2, stirring reaction: adding water into the solid mixture according to the water-gel ratio of 0.3-0.6, and stirring for reaction to obtain a gel mixture;
s3, maintenance: maintaining the gelatinous mixture at room temperature, and carrying out hydration reaction to obtain the geopolymer material containing the passivated sulfur-containing tailings.
2. The method for passivating sulfur tailings according to claim 1, wherein,
in S1, 10 parts of sulfur-containing tailings, 3-8 parts of silicon-containing industrial waste and 4-6 parts of alkaline industrial waste.
3. The method for passivating sulfur tailings according to claim 1, wherein,
s1, sulfide and SiO are contained in the sulfur-containing tailings 2 And Al 2 O 3 。
4. The method for passivating sulfur tailings according to claim 1, wherein,
in S1, the silicon-containing industrial waste is selected from one or more of silica fume and blast furnace slag.
5. The method for passivating sulfur tailings according to claim 1, wherein,
in S1, the alkaline industrial waste is selected from one or more of carbide slag, alkaline slag and saponified waste slag.
6. The method for passivating sulfur tailings according to claim 1, wherein,
in S1, the sieving aperture of the sulfur-containing tailings is 2-4mm, and the sieving aperture of the silicon-containing industrial waste and the alkaline industrial waste is 200-300 meshes.
7. The method for passivating sulfur tailings according to claim 1, wherein,
in S2, the water-gel ratio is 0.46-0.55, and the stirring reaction time is 3-8min.
8. The method for passivating sulfur tailings according to claim 1, wherein,
and S3, maintaining the humidity of 92-100%, and maintaining for 7-14 days.
9. A geopolymer material, characterized in that it is prepared by the passivation method of the sulfur-containing tailings according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
10. Use of the geopolymer material of claim 9 for mine hole backfilling.
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