CN117863601A - Resin matrix fiber reinforced composite material pultrusion system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a resin matrix fiber reinforced composite material microwave pultrusion system, which comprises a creel, a gum dipping device, a preforming device, a microwave heating device, a traction device and a cutting device which are sequentially arranged, wherein the microwave heating device is provided with at least one group; the wall plate is made of silicon carbide; the cross-sectional dimension of the cavity is greater than the cross-sectional dimension of the composite product to ensure horizontal passage of the composite without contacting the wall.

Description

Resin matrix fiber reinforced composite material pultrusion system and method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of resin matrix fiber reinforced composite materials, in particular to a resin matrix fiber reinforced composite material pultrusion system and a method.

Background

Reinforced concrete is the main material of the foundation, and its durability relates to the quality safety of the foundation. For coastal construction, chlorine salt can cause steel bar corrosion, and high-temperature, high-salt and high-humidity island reef environments can accelerate steel bar corrosion damage, so that the durable marine concrete has important significance for coastal and island reef construction safety. Because fiber reinforced composite (FRP) has the advantages of light weight, high strength, good corrosion resistance of ocean engineering, good electromagnetic insulation and the like, the fiber reinforced composite is used for replacing reinforcing steel bars and has become a development trend.

Currently, for such bars, or other profiles with bar-shaped, tubular, groove-shaped, square-shaped cross sections, etc., a pultrusion process is generally adopted in which the profile is cured by heating a die or heating an oven. The heating of the mould is limited by the length of the mould and the cost of the mould, the mould with the length of 0.9-1.2m is generally adopted, the production speed of different resins is generally 0.15-1m/min, the production speed is often lower, in addition, the heating is adopted to supply heat to the mould, and the mould conducts heat to the resin in the cavity of the mould, so that the resin is solidified, the heat loss in the process is larger, the energy consumption is higher, and the heat transfer mode from outside to inside has different internal and external temperatures, so that the resin is solidified and contracted differently, and the product quality problems of larger internal stress, uneven combination of internal and external interfaces and the like are caused. Oven heating is also limited by the length of the production line, the number of ovens and the cost, the production speed is also low, the production speed of different resins is generally 0.3-1m/min, heating wires are adopted to heat air, and then the air is transmitted to the product to cause solidification, so that the heat loss is larger and the energy consumption is higher in the process. There is also heat conduction from outside to inside, the internal and external temperatures are not uniform, so that the internal and external resin is solidified and contracted differently, the internal stress is larger, the internal and external interface bonding is also non-uniform, and the tensile modulus performance of the tensile strength of the product is unstable.

CN107839295a discloses a system and a method for producing fiber by microwave heating, which comprises a creel, a dipping tank, a microwave heating device, a curing device and a traction device which are sequentially arranged.

In addition, the inventors also found that although microwave heating can heat the composite material uniformly inside and outside, in the horizontal direction, different areas have different times, and a temperature difference of more than 100 degrees exists, so that the product is easy to burn or the molding temperature is not reached, and the performance of the pultruded product is reduced or the product cannot be molded.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a system and a method for pultrusion of a resin matrix fiber reinforced composite material, and a microwave pultrusion resin matrix fiber reinforced composite material, wherein the system and the method can be adapted to prepare high-performance plates, bars and the like, and are particularly suitable for producing ocean engineering bars, and the system and the method can improve the production speed, reduce the energy consumption, and improve the product performance on the other hand, so that the tensile strength and the tensile modulus of the product are improved by at least 10% on the basis of the prior art, and the performance is more stable and uniform.

In order to achieve the purpose, in a first aspect, the invention provides a resin matrix fiber reinforced composite material microwave pultrusion system, which comprises the following specific technical scheme:

the utility model provides a resin matrix fiber reinforced composite microwave pultrusion system, includes creel, gumming device, preforming device, microwave heating device, draw gear, cutting device that sets gradually, microwave heating device is provided with a set of at least, still be provided with an inner cavity in the microwave cavity of microwave heating device, the inner cavity includes wallboard and wallboard cavity that encloses, the wallboard material is the wave absorbing material, for example carborundum; the cross-sectional dimension of the cavity is greater than the cross-sectional dimension of the composite product to ensure that the composite product can pass horizontally through the cavity without contacting the inner wall of the wallboard.

The creel is used for fixing yarn groups; the dipping device can adopt a dipping tank or a dipping box to fully infiltrate resin or coat resin on yarns or fibers led out from the creel to form a composite material blank; the preforming device is provided with a die cavity which does not need to be heated and is used for preliminarily forming the composite material blank into a product shape to obtain a composite material preforming body; the microwave heating device cures and forms the composite material preformed body, and after the composite material preformed body enters the microwave cavity, the composite material preformed body enters the inner cavity immediately, the surface of the composite material preformed body does not contact the inner wall of the inner cavity, and uniform curing is completed in the inner cavity.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, design the solidification mode in the traditional pultrusion system into microwave heating solidification, promote heating efficiency, and through setting up the inside cavity that has the wave absorbing capability in the microwave cavity, utilize this inside cavity to absorb the microwave, form a microwave stability, temperature stabilization's region in the inside cavity, when making the combined material preforming body pass through this region, can stabilize even absorption microwave and heat, thereby realize the even stability of combined material preforming body temperature in radial and fibre bundle advancing direction, the even solidification of combined material has been realized, avoid the product overburning or the problem that can not be fashioned that the difference in temperature that microwave heating exists in the prior art causes.

In another embodiment, the cavity of the inner cavity in the microwave heating device is a contoured cavity, and the cross-sectional shape of the cavity is adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the product, for example: when the product is a round bar, the section of the profiling cavity of the inner cavity is round; when the product is square plate, the section of the profiling cavity of the inner cavity is rectangular. The outer contour of the section of the profiling cavity is expanded by 3-30mm compared with the outer contour of the composite material product.

By adopting the technical scheme, the sectional shape of the profiling cavity of the inner cavity is imitated to the sectional shape of the product, so that the distances between each point on the surface of the product and the inner wall of the inner cavity are equal, the whole shape of the composite material blank can be well controlled to be heated uniformly, and the solidification is consistent.

In another embodiment, the wall thickness of the inner cavity should be greater than 1mm.

In another embodiment, the inner cavity wall plate has a thickness of 3-10mm.

In another embodiment, the microwave heating device comprises a first microwave heating device, a second microwave heating device and a third microwave heating device which are sequentially and continuously arranged.

In another embodiment, the pultrusion system further includes a shaping device disposed between the preforming device and the microwave heating device to maintain the shape of the composite preform output from the preforming device. The form of the shaping device can be reasonably selected according to the shape of the product, for example: when the produced product is a bar material, the shaping device can be a winding device, and is arranged between the preforming device and the first microwave heating device, the fiber bundles output from the preforming device are spirally wound with strapping tapes through the winding device, and after the product is molded, the strapping tapes are removed; when the product is a plate, the shaping device can be a shaping die which is provided with a die cavity with the same shape as the section of the product, the shaping die can be arranged at the head end and the tail end of the first microwave heating device respectively, and then the product is shaped through proper tension control.

In another embodiment, the inner cavity length is less than 10-20cm of the microwave cavity length, the inner cavity being centrally located in the microwave cavity.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for pultrusion of a resin matrix fiber-reinforced composite, comprising the steps of, in order:

s1, dipping, namely leading out continuous fibers or yarns on a creel through a traction device, and then entering a dipping device to enable the continuous fibers or yarns to be immersed by resin to form a composite material blank;

s2, preforming, namely enabling the composite material blank to pass through a preforming device to be preliminarily formed into a composite material preform;

s3, microwave heating, curing and forming, namely enabling the composite material preformed body to pass through the inner cavity of the microwave heating device, and heating, curing and forming in the inner cavity to obtain a resin matrix fiber reinforced composite material pultruded profile;

s4, cutting the resin matrix fiber reinforced composite material pultruded profile output from the microwave heating device according to the size requirement.

In another embodiment, in the step S3 of microwave heating, curing and forming, the distance between the surface of the composite material preform and the inner wall of the inner cavity wall plate needs to be controlled to be 3-30mm.

In another embodiment, in the step S3 of microwave heating, curing and forming, the distance between the surface of the composite material preform and the inner wall of the inner cavity wall plate is controlled to be 5-10mm.

In another embodiment, the microwave heating curing time of step S3 is 1-6min, and the optimal heating curing time is 2-4min.

In another embodiment, in the step S3 of microwave heating, curing and forming, the microwave heating device has 3 groups, and the composite material preform sequentially passes through the 3 groups of microwave heating devices.

In another embodiment, the continuous fibers are carbon fibers and/or glass fibers and the resin is a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin.

In another embodiment, the resin further comprises 1-5% of a wave-absorbing material; the wave absorbing material is at least one or a combination of a plurality of carbon nano tubes, graphene, graphite powder and salts.

In a third aspect, the invention also provides a microwave pultrusion resin matrix glass fiber reinforced composite material, based on the microwave pultrusion system and the pultrusion method, the tensile strength of the microwave pultrusion resin matrix glass fiber reinforced composite material can reach 900-1200Mpa, the tensile modulus can reach 55-60Gpa or more, the double shear strength can reach 160Mpa or more, the tensile strength CV value and the tensile modulus CV value are less than 1%, and the double shear strength CV value is less than 2%.

In a fourth aspect, the invention also provides a glass fiber reinforced composite material with a microwave pultrusion resin matrix, and based on the microwave pultrusion system and the pultrusion method, the tensile strength of the microwave pultrusion resin matrix and the glass fiber reinforced composite material can reach 1800-2500MPa, the tensile modulus is 120-180GPa, the double shear strength reaches 270-300MPa, the tensile strength CV value and the tensile modulus CV value are less than 1%, and the double shear strength CV value is less than 2%.

Advantageous effects

(1) The mechanical property of the product is improved, as the inner cavity is arranged in the cavity of the microwave heating device, the wall plate of the inner cavity is made of silicon carbide, after absorbing microwaves, a microwave stable and temperature stable area is formed in the cavity, when the composite material preformed body passes through the inner cavity, the microwaves and the heat can be more stably and uniformly absorbed, the temperature fluctuation from inside to outside and in the advancing direction is controlled to be within 15 ℃, so that the interface combination of fibers and resin in the product is more uniform, the curing consistency of the product is more uniform, and the performance is more stable;

(2) By adopting the microwave pultrusion, the heating and curing efficiency is improved, and compared with the heating of a die or an oven, the production speed can be improved by 40-70%;

(3) The energy consumption is reduced, and the curing temperature of 120 degrees is taken as an example, the microwave heating can be achieved only by 200W, the mold heating usually needs 3 heating plates of 2000W, and the oven heating usually needs 3 ovens of 2000W.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a composite material microwave pultrusion system of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a microwave heating device;

FIG. 3 is a graph of temperature stability of cavities of different wall thicknesses in a microwave heating device;

FIG. 4 is a graph showing temperature stability when the inner cavity of the microwave heating device has the same wall thickness and different inner and outer diameters;

FIG. 5 is a graph of resin sticking temperature;

FIG. 6 is a thermal imaging profile of a microwave cavity (without an internal cavity);

FIG. 7 is a thermal imaging profile of a microwave cavity (with an inner cavity);

wherein: 1-yarn groups; 2-creels; 3-a gum dipping device; 4-a preforming device; 5-winding means; 6-a microwave heating device; 61-a microwave cavity; 62-inner cavity, 621-wall plate, 622-profile cavity; 7-a tractor; 8-a cutting device; 9-composite preform.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

The utility model provides a resin matrix fiber reinforced composite microwave pultrusion system, includes creel, gum dipping device, preforming device, microwave heating device, draw gear, cutting device that sets gradually, still be provided with the inner chamber in the microwave cavity of microwave heating device, the material of the wallboard of constituteing the inner chamber is the carborundum.

The creel is used for fixing yarn groups; the dipping device can adopt a dipping tank or a dipping box to fully infiltrate resin or coat resin on yarns or fibers led out from the creel to form a composite material blank; the preforming device is provided with a die cavity and is used for preliminarily forming the composite material blank into a product shape to obtain a composite material preforming body; the microwave heating device cures and forms the composite material preformed body, and after the composite material preformed body enters the microwave cavity, the composite material preformed body enters the inner cavity immediately, the surface of the composite material preformed body does not contact the inner wall of the inner cavity, and uniform curing is completed in the inner cavity.

An inner cavity is arranged in a microwave cavity of the microwave heating device and comprises a wall plate and a profiling cavity formed by the wall plate, and the profiling cavity is adapted to the outer contour of the section of the product. For example: when the product is a round bar, the section of the profiling cavity of the inner cavity is round; when the product is square plate, the section of the profiling cavity of the inner cavity is rectangular.

The thickness of the wall plate of the inner cavity is larger than 1mm, and the preferable thickness range is 3-10mm.

The microwave heating device comprises a first microwave heating device, a second microwave heating device and a third microwave heating device which are arranged in sequence.

The pultrusion system further comprises a shaping device, wherein the shaping device is arranged between the preforming device and the microwave heating device and plays a role in keeping the shape of the composite material preformed body output from the preforming device. The form of the shaping device can be reasonably selected according to the shape of the product, for example: when the product is a rib material, the shaping device can be a winding device and is arranged between the preforming device and the first microwave heating device; when the product is a plate, the shaping device can be a die, and one end of the first microwave heating device is arranged at the head end and the tail end of the first microwave heating device.

The length of the inner cavity is smaller than that of the microwave cavity by 10-20cm, and the inner cavity is centrally arranged in the microwave cavity.

Example 1

The invention discloses a resin matrix fiber reinforced composite material microwave pultrusion system, which is shown by referring to fig. 1 and 2, and comprises a creel 2, a gumming device 3, a preforming device 4, a winding device 5, three groups of microwave heating devices 6, a tractor 7 and a cutting device 8 which are sequentially arranged, wherein the creel 2 is used for fixing yarn groups 1; the dipping device 3 is a dipping tank and is used for carrying out resin dipping on the fiber or yarn passing through the dipping tank; the preforming device is provided with a die cavity which does not need to be heated, and performs bundling preliminary preforming on the fiber or yarn; an inner cavity 62 is further disposed in the microwave cavity 61 of the microwave heating device 6, the inner cavity includes a wall plate 621 and a profiling cavity 622 surrounded by the wall plate 621, the cross section of the profiling cavity 622 is circular, and the wall plate 621 is made of silicon carbide; the length of the microwave cavity is 600mm; the inner cavity 62 is centrally arranged in the microwave cavity 61, the length of the inner cavity 62 is 200mm shorter than the length of the microwave cavity 61, the inner diameter of the inner cavity 62 is 25mm, the outer diameter is 35mm, and the thickness of the wall plate 621 is 5mm. The pultrusion system in this embodiment may be used to produce bars, rods, etc.

Example 2

This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that the outer diameter of the inner cavity 62 of the microwave heating device 6 is 30mm and the thickness of the wall plate is 2.5mm.

Example 3

This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that the outer diameter of the inner cavity 62 of the microwave heating device 6 is 40mm and the thickness of the wall plate is 7.5mm.

Example 4

This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that the inner cavity 62 of the microwave heating device 6 has an inner diameter of 20mm and an outer diameter of 30mm.

Example 5

This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that the inner cavity 62 of the microwave heating device 6 has an inner diameter of 30mm and an outer diameter of 40mm.

Example 6

Unlike example 1, the cavity of the inner cavity 62 has a rectangular cross-sectional shape, a dimension of 115mm×15mm, and an inner cavity wall thickness of 5mm; the shaping device is a die with a die cavity which is matched with the product, and is specifically arranged at one end of the first microwave heating device at each of the head and the tail.

Example 7

Taking the microwave pultrusion system based on the embodiment 1 as an example, the design specification of the rib material is 10mm in diameter, the fiber is glass fiber, the resin is thermoplastic acrylic resin for pultrusion, the required curing temperature is 100-130 ℃, and the microwave heating devices are all microwave power of 200W.

A resin matrix fiber reinforced composite material microwave pultrusion method comprises the following steps:

s1, dipping, namely leading out glass fibers from a creel 2 through a traction device 7, and then enabling the glass fibers to fully infiltrate resin through a dipping device 3 to form a composite material blank;

s2, preforming, namely enabling the composite material blank to pass through a preforming device 4 with a circular cavity, so that the composite material blank is formed into a cylinder shape, and obtaining a composite material preform 9;

s3, microwave heating, curing and forming, namely enabling the composite material preformed body 9 to sequentially pass through the inner cavities 62 of the three groups of microwave heating devices 6, and heating, curing and forming in the inner cavities 62 to obtain a resin matrix fiber reinforced composite material product; when the composite material preformed body 9 passes through the inner cavity 62, the distance between the surface of the composite material preformed body and the inner wall of the inner cavity 62 is controlled to be 6.5-8.5mm;

s4, cutting, namely cutting the microwave pultruded rib materials output by the microwave heating device according to the size requirement.

Example 8

This example differs from example 7 in that the tendon was prepared based on the microwave pultrusion system of example 2, the wall thickness of the cavity in the microwave heating device being 2.5mm.

Example 9

This example differs from example 7 in that the tendon was prepared based on the microwave pultrusion system of example 3, the internal cavity wall thickness of the microwave heating device being 7.5mm.

Based on examples 7-9, microwave pultrusion composite materials were prepared by using a microwave pultrusion system with cavities of different wall thicknesses, the inventor tests and records the influence of different wall thicknesses on temperatures of various points in the length direction of the composite materials, specifically, the temperatures of different positions in the horizontal direction of the composite materials in a third microwave heating device are tested, the position of a composite material preformed body when the composite material preformed body just enters a microwave cavity of the microwave heating device is recorded as 0cm, temperature test points are arranged at intervals of 5cm, the position when the composite material preformed body just leaves the microwave cavity is recorded as 60cm, and then three conditions are compared with the condition when the composite material is not used as a comparative example, and the temperature changes of various points are specifically shown in table 1 and figure 3.

TABLE 1

As can be seen by combining table 1 with fig. 3, the temperature changes in the first 5cm into the microwave cavity and in the range of 55-60cm from the microwave cavity are substantially the same; examples 7-9 have faster heating and cooling tendencies than comparative examples in the range of 5-10cm and 50-55 cm; in the range of 10-50cm, the temperature range is 32-187 ℃ when the inner cavity is not arranged, the temperature difference is very large, the temperature fluctuation is greatly reduced when the inner cavity is arranged, the temperature range is 94-110 ℃ when the wall thickness of the inner cavity is 2.5mm, the temperature range is 100-120 ℃ when the wall thickness of the inner cavity is 5mm, and the whole temperature fluctuation is the most stable; when the wall thickness of the inner cavity is 7.5mm, the temperature range is between 85 and 95 ℃, the whole temperature is slightly low, but the temperature fluctuation is also very stable, and the device can be suitable for products matched with the pultrusion curing temperature. Therefore, after the inner cavity is arranged, the temperature of the composite material in the microwave cavity is more uniform and stable, and the quality problems of product overburning and the like caused by non-molding or overhigh curing temperature of products due to insufficient curing temperature in the microwave heating and curing process in the prior art can be avoided.

Example 10

This example differs from example 7 in that the tendon was prepared based on the microwave pultrusion system of example 4, maintaining the distance between the surface of the composite preform and the inner wall of the inner cavity of the microwave heating device to be 4-6mm while the composite preform was passing through the inner cavity.

Example 11

This example differs from example 7 in that in preparing the web based on the microwave pultrusion system of example 5, the distance between the surface of the composite preform and the inner wall of the inner cavity is controlled to be 9-11mm while the composite preform is kept passing through the inner cavity of the microwave heating device.

Based on examples 7, 10 and 11, the same wall thickness of the inner cavity was compared, but the effect on the temperature of the composite preform was different in the case of the distance from the surface of the composite preform to the inner wall of the inner cavity, and also compared with the case of no inner cavity. Similarly, the test records the multi-point temperature of the composite material in the microwave cavity of the third microwave heating device in the range of 0cm to 60cm, and the specific data are shown in Table 2 and FIG. 4.

TABLE 2

As can be seen from a combination of Table 2 and FIG. 4, the same wall thickness, at 0-10cm and 50-60cm, the temperature variation trend is basically the same in the three cases where the inner cavity is arranged, and the temperature fluctuation is different in 10-50cm, but the overall temperature range and the temperature fluctuation are better than those of the case where the inner cavity is not arranged, wherein in the embodiment 7, namely, the outer diameter is 35 mm/the inner diameter is 25mm, the temperature range is more stable, and the temperature fluctuation is smaller.

Example 12

The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 7 is that 1-5% of a wave-absorbing material is added to the resin, and the wave-absorbing material is any one or a combination of a plurality of carbon nanotubes, graphene, graphite powder and salts. In the process of resin curing, the relation diagram of the resin viscosity and the temperature is specifically shown in fig. 5, so that the uniformity of the internal and external temperatures of the composite material blank is related to the product curing consistency. The inventors have compared the upper skin temperature and core temperature measurements for each section of the composite green body of the prior art mold formation, oven formation, example 7, and this example. When the temperature of the core layer is detected, a temperature measuring and displaying device is used for connecting the temperature sensor with one end of the copper wire. At the entrance of the preforming device, the other end of the copper wire is placed in the center of the fiber, and the fiber is continuously advanced until solidification is completed, and the temperature of the whole process is recorded in the temperature measurement display device in real time. And in the same way, the surface layer temperature can be measured by placing the copper wire on the surface layer. The detailed data are shown in Table 3.

TABLE 3 Table 3

As can be seen from the data in table 3, the microwave heating mode of example 7 and example 12 is smaller than the mold forming mode and the oven forming mode, and therefore, the surface layer temperature and the core layer temperature of the composite material blank have the same viscosity, the same resin fluidity, the same fiber infiltration effect, the same inside and outside, and the same curing tendency. In example 12, the resin had a more uniform infiltration effect on the fibers and a more uniform curing degree due to the fact that the resin had a more similar internal and external temperature after the wave-absorbing material was added to the resin.

The resin matrix glass fiber reinforced materials prepared in the example 7 and the example 12 are subjected to performance comparison with reinforced materials of the same specification prepared in a mold process and an oven process, 5 test samples are randomly taken from each test, and are sequentially recorded as a sample 1 and a sample 2 … …, tensile strength comparison is shown in Table 4, tensile modulus comparison is shown in Table 5, and double shear strength comparison is shown in Table 6.

TABLE 4 Table 4

TABLE 5

TABLE 6

As can be seen from tables 4, 5 and 6:

(1) The tensile strength of the resin matrix glass fiber reinforced material of the example 7 is respectively improved by 14.6 percent and 17.3 percent compared with the mold heating and the oven heating, and the tensile modulus is respectively improved by 7.2 percent and 9.3 percent compared with the mold heating and the oven heating; compared with the heating of a die and the heating of an oven, the shearing strength is respectively improved by 9.5 percent and 8.8 percent, the CV value of each performance is greatly reduced, and the performance of the product is very stable and uniform;

(2) The tensile strength, tensile modulus and shear strength of the resin matrix glass fiber reinforced plastic material of the embodiment 12 are beneficial to realizing the consistency of the surface layer temperature and the core layer temperature of the composite material blank due to the fact that the wave-absorbing material is added into the resin, so that the product performance is improved compared with that of the embodiment 7.

Example 13

This example was based on the preparation system of example 6 to prepare a sheet having a width of 105mm and a thickness of 5mm. The resin used is thermoplastic acrylic resin, and glass fiber is used, and the required curing temperature is 100-130 ℃. The microwave power of the adopted microwave heating device is 300-800W, and the specific power setting is adjusted by combining the pultrusion speed.

A method of pultrusion of a resin matrix fiber reinforced composite tendon, comprising the steps of:

s1, yarn guiding, namely, drawing out glass fibers on a yarn frame through a traction device;

s2, dipping, namely, passing the glass fibers led out from the creel through a dipping device, wherein the dipping device is provided with a dipping tank, and after passing through the dipping tank, the continuous fibers are fully immersed by a resin solution to form a composite material blank;

s3, preforming, namely, preliminarily forming the composite material blank into a flat plate structure in a preforming device through the preforming device to obtain a composite material preform;

s4, performing microwave heating, curing and forming to enable the composite material preformed body to enter an inner cavity of the first microwave heating device after passing through the shaping device, then enter a qualitative device at the tail end of the first microwave heating device, and then sequentially pass through the second microwave heating device and the third microwave heating device to finish curing and forming to obtain a composite material; the distance between the surface of the composite material preformed body and the inner wall of the inner cavity is controlled to be 4.5-5.5mm;

s5, cutting the composite material output from the microwave heating device according to the requirement.

And detecting the temperature of the composite material in the third microwave heating device by adopting a thermal imager. In the case of no inner cavity in the microwave heating device, the schematic diagram of the temperature distribution of the composite material is shown in fig. 6, and when the inner cavity is arranged in the microwave heating device, the schematic diagram of the temperature distribution of the composite material is shown in fig. 7. Comparing fig. 6 and 7, it can be clearly seen that: when no inner cavity is arranged, the temperature distribution of the composite material in the horizontal travelling direction is extremely uneven, and the temperature difference is large; after the inner cavity is arranged, the composite material is heated more uniformly in the horizontal direction, so that uniform curing of the composite material is facilitated, and the condition of incomplete curing or overburning is avoided.

Example 14

The difference between this example and example 7 is that the fibers used are carbon fibers, and the obtained microwave pultruded resin matrix carbon fiber reinforced rib material.

Example 15

The difference between this embodiment and the implementation 12 is that the employed fiber is carbon fiber, and the microwave pultrusion resin matrix carbon fiber reinforced rib material is obtained.

Similarly, the microwave pultruded carbon fiber reinforced composite materials obtained in example 14 and example 15 were tested and compared with the tensile properties, tensile modulus and double shear strength of the resin matrix carbon fiber reinforced bar obtained by mold heating and oven heating, and the specific examples are shown in tables 7 to 9.

TABLE 7

TABLE 8

TABLE 9

As can be seen from tables 7 to 9:

(1) The tensile strength of the resin matrix carbon fiber reinforced material of the example 14 is respectively improved by 21 percent and 27.9 percent compared with the mold heating and the oven heating, and the tensile modulus is respectively improved by 7.5 percent and 20.5 percent compared with the mold heating and the oven heating; compared with the heating of a die and the heating of an oven, the shearing strength is respectively improved by 6.4 percent and 9.7 percent, the CV value of each performance is greatly reduced, and the performance of the product is very stable and uniform;

(2) The tensile strength, tensile modulus and shear strength of the resin matrix glass fiber reinforced plastic material of the embodiment 15 are beneficial to realizing the consistency of the surface layer temperature and the core layer temperature of the composite material blank due to the fact that the wave-absorbing material is added into the resin, so that the product performance is improved compared with that of the embodiment 14.

It is apparent that the above examples are given by way of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments. Various other modifications will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art from the foregoing description. It is not necessary for all embodiments to be exhaustive. And obvious variations thereof are contemplated as falling within the scope of the invention.

Claims (12)

1. The resin matrix fiber reinforced composite material microwave pultrusion system comprises a creel, a gum dipping device, a preforming device, a microwave heating device, a traction device and a cutting device which are sequentially arranged, wherein the microwave heating device is provided with at least one group; the wall plate is made of a wave absorbing material; the cross-sectional dimension of the cavity is greater than the cross-sectional dimension of the composite product to ensure that the composite can pass through the cavity without contacting the wallboard.

2. The resin matrix fiber reinforced composite microwave pultrusion system of claim 1, wherein the cavity of the inner cavity of the microwave heating device is a profiling cavity, the cross-sectional shape of the profiling cavity is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the composite product, and the outer contour of the cross-section of the profiling cavity is expanded by 3-30mm compared with the outer contour of the cross-section of the composite product.

3. A resin matrix fiber reinforced composite microwave pultrusion system according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the wall plate of the inner cavity is 1mm-10mm.

4. A resin matrix fiber reinforced composite microwave pultrusion system according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner cavity is centrally arranged in the microwave cavity and has a length which is 10-20cm smaller than the length of the microwave cavity.

5. A resin matrix fiber reinforced composite microwave pultrusion system according to claim 1, characterized in that the microwave heating devices are arranged in succession with 2-3 groups.

6. The composite microwave pultrusion system according to claim 1, characterized in that the system further includes a shaping device, the shaping device being arranged after the preforming device.

7. A resin matrix fiber reinforced composite microwave pultrusion method based on the resin matrix fiber reinforced composite microwave pultrusion system of any of claims 1-6, characterized by comprising the steps of: s1, dipping, namely leading out yarns or fibers from a creel through a traction device, and fully dipping the yarns or the fibers into resin through a dipping device to form a composite material blank;

s2, preforming, namely enabling the composite material blank to pass through a preforming device, so that the composite material blank is formed into a product required shape, and a composite material preform is obtained;

s3, microwave heating, curing and forming, namely enabling the composite material preformed body to pass through the inner cavity of the microwave heating device, and heating, curing and forming in the inner cavity to obtain a resin matrix fiber reinforced composite material product;

s4, cutting, namely cutting the composite material product output from the microwave heating device according to the size requirement.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the step S3 of microwave heating and forming is performed, and the gap between the surface of the composite preform and the inner wall of the inner cavity wall plate is controlled to be 3mm-30mm.

9. The method for microwave pultrusion of a resin matrix fiber-reinforced composite material according to claim 8, wherein the gap between the surface of the composite material preform and the inner wall of the inner cavity wall plate is controlled to be 5-10mm.

10. A resin matrix reinforced composite microwave pultrusion process according to claim 7, characterized in that the resin in S1 further comprises 0.5-5% of a wave absorbing material; the wave absorbing material comprises any one or more of carbon nano tubes, graphene, graphite powder and metal salts.

11. A microwave pultrusion resin matrix glass fibre reinforced composite material based on the method of claims 7-10, characterized in that the tensile strength can reach 900-1200Mpa, the tensile modulus can reach 55Gpa-60Gpa, the tensile strength CV value and the tensile modulus CV value are less than 1%, the double shear strength reaches more than 160Mpa, and the double shear strength CV value is less than 2%.

12. A microwave pultrusion resin matrix carbon fiber reinforced fiber composite material, based on the method of claims 7-10, characterized in that the tensile strength can reach 2000-2500Mpa, the tensile modulus is 140-180Gpa, the tensile strength CV value and the tensile modulus CV value are less than 1%, the double shear strength reaches 270-300Mpa, and the double shear strength CV value is less than 2%.