CN117861444B - Ceramic membrane assembly, filter and filtering method for precious metal recovery - Google Patents
Ceramic membrane assembly, filter and filtering method for precious metal recovery Download PDFInfo
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- CN117861444B CN117861444B CN202410277435.4A CN202410277435A CN117861444B CN 117861444 B CN117861444 B CN 117861444B CN 202410277435 A CN202410277435 A CN 202410277435A CN 117861444 B CN117861444 B CN 117861444B
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 217
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 210
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 153
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 8
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a ceramic membrane component for precious metal recovery, a filter and a filtering method, wherein the ceramic membrane component comprises a ceramic membrane and a clamping mechanism; the ceramic membrane is butterfly-shaped and annular; the ceramic membrane comprises a plurality of water flow channels, wherein each water flow channel is in a plane spiral line shape in the direction from one end of the outer ring to one end of the inner ring, and the flow channel width of the water flow channel smoothly changes from small to large to small in the direction; the clamping mechanism comprises 2 fixing rings, a shaft hole is formed in the fixing rings and is used for being matched with a central shaft of the filter, every two fixing rings clamp a ceramic membrane, an opening at the inner ring of the ceramic membrane is contained between the two fixing rings, and a sealing structure is arranged on the periphery of the adapting structure and used for sealing structures located in the sealing structure. The ceramic membrane filter can be used for efficiently filtering waste liquid containing precious metals, and converting the waste liquid into considerable economic value.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to a ceramic membrane, in particular to a ceramic membrane for treating noble metal wastewater and a ceramic membrane filter.
Background
Noble metal wastewater mainly originates from industries such as electroplating, electronics, petrochemical industry, pharmacy and the like, and contains noble metal ions such as gold, silver, platinum, palladium and the like. The metal ions have higher economic value and environmental hazard, so that the efficient and environment-friendly treatment of noble metal wastewater is urgent.
The noble metal wastewater treatment process generally comprises three links of pretreatment, main body treatment and post-treatment. Pretreatment is the first step of noble metal wastewater treatment, and mainly aims to remove large-particle impurities and suspended matters in wastewater, thereby creating good conditions for subsequent treatment. Pretreatment generally comprises the steps of filtering, precipitating, degreasing, impurity removing and the like, and specific operation needs to be adjusted according to the source and the property of the wastewater. The main treatment is a core link of noble metal wastewater treatment, and mainly adopts methods such as a chemical precipitation method, an ion exchange method, an active carbon adsorption method and the like to remove various noble metal ions in the wastewater. The chemical precipitation method is characterized in that a precipitant is added into the wastewater to enable noble metal ions to react with the precipitant to generate precipitate, so that separation from a water body is realized; the ion exchange method is to adsorb noble metal ions in the wastewater through ion exchange resin, so as to achieve the aim of purifying the wastewater; the active carbon adsorption method utilizes the adsorption effect of active carbon to remove noble metal ions in the wastewater. The post-treatment is the final link of noble metal wastewater treatment, and the main purpose is to further remove residual noble metal ions and suspended matters in the wastewater, so that the wastewater reaches the national relevant emission standard. The post-treatment generally employs advanced treatment methods such as electrodialysis, reverse osmosis, ion exchange, etc.
The ceramic membrane is an asymmetric membrane formed by preparing inorganic ceramic materials through a special process. The ceramic membranes are divided into two types of tubular ceramic membranes and planar ceramic membranes. Micropores are densely distributed on the wall of the tubular ceramic membrane, raw material liquid flows in the membrane tube or outside the membrane under the action of pressure, micromolecular substances (or liquid) permeate the membrane, and macromolecular substances (or solid) are intercepted by the membrane, so that the purposes of separation, concentration, purification, environmental protection and the like are achieved. The plate ceramic membrane has dense micropores, and the permeation rate is different according to different molecular diameters of permeated substances within a certain pore diameter range of the membrane, the pressure difference at two sides of the membrane is used as driving force, the membrane is used as a filter medium, and under the action of certain pressure, when feed liquid flows through the surface of the membrane, only water, inorganic salt and micromolecular substances are allowed to permeate the membrane, and the suspended matters, glue, microorganisms and other macromolecular substances in the water are prevented from passing through.
The noble metal recovery utilization rate in the existing method is low, so that the economic value of the wastewater is low and the environmental pollution degree is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a ceramic membrane component, a filter and a filtering method for precious metal recovery, which are used for solving the technical problem of low precious metal recovery efficiency of traditional wastewater.
In a first aspect of the present application, there is provided a ceramic membrane module for precious metal recovery, comprising a ceramic membrane and a clamping mechanism;
The ceramic membrane is butterfly-shaped and annular;
the interior of the ceramic membrane includes a plurality of water flow channels, each of the water flow channels communicating from near the outer ring of the ceramic membrane to the inner ring of the ceramic membrane and opening at the inner ring;
Each water flow channel is in a plane spiral line pattern in the direction from one end of the outer ring to one end of the inner ring, and the flow channel width of the water flow channel smoothly changes from small to large to small in the direction;
The clamping mechanism comprises 2 fixing rings, a shaft hole is formed in the fixing rings and is used for being matched with a central shaft of the filter, and the diameter of the shaft hole is smaller than that of an inner ring of the ceramic membrane;
The two sides of each fixing ring are positioned at the periphery of the shaft hole and are provided with an adapting structure corresponding to the inner ring of the ceramic membrane, a fixing structure for fixing the fixing rings at the two sides of the same ceramic membrane is arranged between the adapting structure and the shaft hole, each two fixing rings clamp one ceramic membrane through the adapting structure and the fixing structure, an opening at the inner ring of the ceramic membrane is accommodated between the two fixing rings, and a sealing structure is arranged at the periphery of the adapting structure and is used for sealing structures positioned inside the sealing structure; the circumference of the shaft hole is penetrated through the fixing ring and is axially provided with a plurality of notches, and the notches are positioned in the sealing structure at radial positions.
Further, the flow passage area of all the water flow passages accounts for 1/5-1/2 of the whole ceramic membrane area.
Further, the widest part of the flow channel of the water flow channel is positioned in the middle of the annular breadth of the ceramic membrane.
Further, the pitch of the water flow channel in the direction is gradually reduced.
Further, the thickness of the ceramic membrane is 5mm-8mm, and the thickness of the water flow channel is uniform and accounts for 1/5-1/3 of the thickness of the ceramic membrane.
Further, 2-5 water flow channels are distributed in any radial direction of the ceramic membrane.
Further, the water inlet hole on the center shaft is arranged corresponding to the notch.
In a second aspect of the present application, there is provided a filter comprising a central shaft and a plurality of ceramic membrane modules according to the first aspect, wherein the ceramic membranes and the fixing rings are arranged at intervals and are continuously arranged in a mode that one ceramic membrane is clamped between every two fixing rings to form a plurality of ceramic membrane modules and are sleeved on the central shaft; the middle shaft is hollow, a plurality of water inlet holes are formed in the wall of the middle shaft, and the water inlet holes are completely covered by the ceramic membrane component.
Specifically, each side of ceramic membrane is provided with scrapes the brush, scrape the brush for rectangular form and laminating ceramic membrane lateral wall and fix on the water storage bin of filter.
In a third aspect of the present application, there is provided a filtration method for recovering noble metals using the filter according to the second aspect of the present application, comprising:
Continuously adding water to be filtered into a water storage bin, so that the pressure in the water storage bin is kept between 2.5 multiplied by 10N/m and 5 multiplied by 10N/m under the condition that the rotation speed of the central shaft is kept between 150 revolutions per minute and 300 revolutions per minute, and continuously working for a specified time or stopping adding water when the flow rate of water discharged from the central shaft is reduced to a set threshold value;
and adding gas into the water storage bin, so that the pressure in the water storage bin is kept between 2.5 multiplied by 10N/m and between 5 multiplied by 10N/m, the rotation speed of the central shaft is kept between 150 revolutions per minute and 300 revolutions per minute, and the gas filling is stopped until the gas filling is stopped from reaching a set threshold value from the gas outlet content in the central shaft, and the residual liquid in the water storage bin is discharged.
Advantageous effects
In the embodiment of the application, a ceramic membrane assembly is formed by adopting a ceramic membrane with a water flow channel and a clamping mechanism, and the waste water is filtered by driving a central shaft to rotate in a filter and then flows out of a cavity of the central shaft to the outside of a water storage bin. The ceramic membrane has fine penetration holes and water flow channels, so that both the filtering effect and the filtering speed can be ensured. The ceramic membrane can be clamped and fixed relative to the center shaft by the ingenious arrangement of the clamping mechanism, and filtrate filtered by the ceramic membrane cannot overflow. The application solves the technical problem of low efficiency of filtering the waste liquid containing noble metals by the ceramic membrane filter in the prior art, thereby greatly improving the working efficiency and converting the waste liquid into considerable economic value.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a ceramic membrane filter according to an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a ceramic membrane filter according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a ceramic membrane module according to an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a ceramic membrane according to an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a clamping mechanism according to an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a wiper according to an embodiment of the present application;
The water storage bin 1, the liquid inlet pipe 2, the motor 3, the first bearing 4-1, the second bearing 4-2, the ceramic membrane 5, the base body 5-1, the water flow channel 5-2, the liquid outlet area 5-3, the clamping mechanism 6, the body 6-1, the notch 6-2, the key slot 6-3, the fixed ring gap 6-4, the threaded hole 6-5, the bolt 6-6 and the scraping brush 7.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides a ceramic membrane filter for filtering wastewater to filter out and recover noble metals in the wastewater. As shown in fig. 1, the ceramic membrane filter has a frame, a water storage bin 1 is arranged on the frame, a liquid inlet pipe 2 is arranged on the water storage bin 1, and the liquid inlet pipe 2 is communicated with a waste water source for guiding waste water into the water storage bin 1. The water storage bin 1 is also provided with a liquid discharge pipe for discharging residual liquid which does not pass through the ceramic membrane 5 when the residual liquid is required to obtain precious metals in the residual liquid. The pressure gauge is further arranged on the water storage bin 1 and used for monitoring the pressure in the water storage bin 1, the water storage bin 1 is communicated with the outside through a necessary pipeline, and other parts are airtight, so that the water storage bin 1 can be filled with liquid and has larger pressure, and smaller substances can enter the ceramic membrane 5 more quickly under the pressure, so that the filtering speed of the ceramic membrane 5 is increased.
As shown in fig. 2, the structure inside the water storage bin 1 comprises a central shaft and a plurality of ceramic membrane assemblies, wherein the ceramic membranes 5 and the fixing rings are arranged at intervals and are continuously arranged in a mode of clamping one ceramic membrane 5 by every two fixing rings to form a plurality of ceramic membrane assemblies and are sleeved on the central shaft; the middle shaft is hollow, a plurality of water inlet holes are formed in the wall of the middle shaft, and the water inlet holes are completely covered by the ceramic membrane component.
The front end and the rear end of the central shaft are exposed out of the water storage bin 1 and supported by a first bearing 4-1 and a second bearing 4-2 which are respectively positioned at the front end and the rear end of the central shaft, and at least one end of the central shaft is provided with a power and transmission mechanism such as a motor 3 and the like so as to drive the central shaft to axially rotate around the central shaft. In this embodiment, the central axis is disposed horizontally, and in other embodiments, the hollow conduit may be disposed vertically to save floor space.
The water storage device is characterized in that a plurality of water inlets are formed in a pipe body positioned in the water storage bin 1, the water inlets are communicated with an inner cavity of the middle shaft, a plurality of ceramic membranes 5 are fixed on the middle shaft, the ceramic membranes 5 are butterfly-shaped and annular, an inner ring of each ceramic membrane 5 is sleeved outside the middle shaft, and a liquid outlet area 5-3 of each ceramic membrane 5 positioned at the inner ring is communicated with the water inlets. When the water storage bin 1 stores waste water and the ceramic membrane 5 is immersed in the waste water, substances with smaller granularity in the waste water can enter the central shaft through the ceramic membrane 5 and the water inlet holes due to the pressure difference provided by the ceramic membrane 5, and flow to the outside of the water storage bin 1 through the inner cavity of the central shaft. Substances with larger granularity in the wastewater cannot pass through the ceramic membrane 5 and are trapped in the water storage bin 1, and as the trapped substances are more and more, precious metals in residual liquid accumulate more, the residual liquid in the water storage bin 1 is only required to be cleaned and discharged periodically, and the discharged residual liquid is subjected to subsequent treatment, so that more precious metals can be obtained.
As shown in connection with fig. 3-5, the ceramic membrane assembly comprises a ceramic membrane 5 and a clamping mechanism 6.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the ceramic membrane 5 is butterfly-shaped and ring-shaped; a plurality of water flow channels 5-2 are arranged on a base body 5-1 inside the ceramic membrane 5, and each water flow channel 5-2 is communicated to an inner ring of the ceramic membrane 5 from the vicinity of an outer ring of the ceramic membrane 5 and is opened at the inner ring; each water flow channel 5-2 is in a plane spiral line pattern in the direction from one end of the outer ring to one end of the inner ring, and the flow channel width of the water flow channel 5-2 smoothly changes from small to large to small in the direction.
Wherein, as shown in fig. 3 and 5, the clamping mechanism 6 comprises 2 fixing rings, the body 6-1 of the fixing ring is in a substantially annular shape, and a shaft hole is formed in the body for matching with the central shaft of the filter, and the diameter of the shaft hole is smaller than that of the inner ring of the ceramic membrane 5. Each of the fixing rings has an adapting structure, such as a continuous or discontinuous step, corresponding to the inner ring of the ceramic membrane 5, on the periphery of the shaft hole, a fixing structure, such as a bolt connection, for fixing the fixing rings on the two sides of the same ceramic membrane 5 is arranged between the adapting structure and the shaft hole, each two fixing rings clamp one ceramic membrane 5 through the adapting structure and the fixing structure, so that an opening at the inner ring of the ceramic membrane 5 is accommodated between the two fixing rings, and a sealing structure is arranged on the periphery of the adapting structure for sealing the structure located inside the sealing structure.
The ceramic membrane 5 is fixed with the central shaft by using the ceramic membrane 5 assembly, the water storage bin 1 is filled with liquid, and the motor 3 is started to drive the central shaft to rotate so that the ceramic membrane 5 synchronously rotates. The ceramic membrane 5 is completely immersed in the liquid, and relative movement exists between the ceramic membrane 5 and the liquid, and under the action of pressure, finer substances rapidly enter the gaps of the ceramic and are gathered in the water flow channel 5-2 inside the ceramic membrane 5, wherein particles with the same pore diameters as the ceramic membrane 5 are difficult to enter the ceramic membrane 5, so that the excellent filtering effect is ensured, and finally, the substances filtered by the ceramic membrane 5 flow out of the ceramic membrane 5 from the liquid outlet area 5-3 at the inner ring of the ceramic membrane 5. Because ceramic membrane 5 passes through two liang retainer plates to be fixed, and is provided with seal structure on the retainer plate, seal structure one side laminating ceramic membrane 5 lateral wall is another laminating retainer plate, consequently the liquid after the filtration that flows out in the play liquid district 5-3 can't flow to the sealing washer periphery and can only flow in the sealing washer inside, and is located in the sealing washer is inside the epaxial inlet opening that opens of axis, consequently water finally flows away from the inlet opening of axis.
In some preferred embodiments, in order to fix the fixing ring to the central shaft, a key structure is arranged on the central shaft, as shown in fig. 5, a key groove 6-3 is arranged on the fixing ring, and the fixing ring and the ceramic membrane 5 are slid onto the central shaft one by one and then fixed. As shown in fig. 5, in this embodiment, two sets of threaded holes are provided on each fixing ring, and are uniformly distributed around the fixing rings, so that the fixing rings and the ceramic membrane 5 are distributed compactly, and the threaded holes 6-5 are preferably counter-bored, so that the adapted bolts 6-6 are countersunk into the threaded holes 6-5. Taking three corresponding fixing rings of two ceramic membranes 5 as an example, setting a first fixing ring and a second fixing ring to fix the first ceramic membrane, and fixing a third ceramic membrane by the second fixing ring and the third fixing ring, wherein the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring are fixed through a first group of threaded holes 6-5 and corresponding bolts 6-6, the operation direction of the bolts 6-6 is screwing from the first fixing ring to the second fixing ring, then the second fixing ring and the third fixing ring are fixed through a second group of threaded holes 6-5 and corresponding bolts 6-6, and the operation direction of the bolts 6-6 is screwing from the third fixing ring to the second fixing ring. In order to uniformly fix the fixing rings, the two groups of threaded holes 6-5 are staggered in the circumferential direction, as shown in fig. 5, in this embodiment, each group of threaded holes 6-5 has 3 threaded holes, the threaded holes 6-5 in the same group are staggered by 120 degrees, the threaded holes 6-5 in the other group are also staggered by 120 degrees, and the threaded holes 6-5 in different groups are spaced by 60 degrees.
In some preferred embodiments, in order to enable the liquid from the liquid outlet area 5-3 to flow into the central shaft as soon as possible, as shown in fig. 5, a plurality of notches 6-2 are axially arranged around the circumference of the shaft hole of the fixing ring and penetrate through the fixing ring, in this embodiment, 4 notches 6-2 are uniformly and equally arranged, and the notches 6-2 are located in the inner part of the sealing structure in a radial position. Because two retainer rings clamp a ceramic membrane 5 and the inner diameter of the retainer rings is smaller than the inner diameter of the ceramic membrane 5, a retainer ring gap 6-4 is formed between every two retainer rings in the inner ring of the ceramic membrane 5, the retainer ring gap 6-4 is positioned in the inner ring, namely corresponds to the liquid outlet area 5-3 of the ceramic membrane 5, water flows out of the opening of the inner ring and then is positioned at the retainer ring gap 6-4, and because the notch 6-2 on the retainer ring is axially communicated, one end of the notch 6-2 is communicated with the retainer ring gap 6-4 to guide water to the inner ring of the retainer ring, the other end of the notch 6-2 can be influenced by the seal ring to enable the water to flow continuously along the axial direction, and finally, the water can only flow out of the water inlet hole of the central shaft.
Preferably, the central shaft is fully covered with a ceramic plate assembly, and water inlets on the central shaft are correspondingly arranged at the positions of the notches 6-2, for example, in this embodiment, 4 groups of notches 6-2 are arranged, and 4 groups of water inlets are correspondingly arranged on the central shaft, and each group of water inlets is respectively correspondingly arranged at the positions of one group of notches 6-2. The diameter of the water inlet hole needs to be compatible with the drainage speed and the strength of the central shaft, for example, in the embodiment of the facility, the central shaft is fully covered with 60 ceramic membranes 5, and the diameter of the water inlet hole is about 6mm-8mm.
In certain preferred embodiments, filtration efficiency needs to be compromised because the ceramic membrane 5 is filtered by osmosis and is contacted with water by rotating the ceramic membrane 5 during operation to ensure a filtration effect. In this embodiment, in order to achieve both the filtering effect and the filtering efficiency, as shown in fig. 3, a plurality of water flow channels 5-2 are provided on the substrate 5-1 inside the ceramic membrane 5, and each water flow channel 5-2 is connected from the vicinity of the outer ring of the ceramic membrane 5 to the inner ring of the ceramic membrane 5 and is open at the inner ring such that the inner ring serves as the liquid outlet region 5-3. Since the interior of the ceramic membrane 5 generally contains disordered nano-scale pores, a part of the movement path of the substances capable of entering the ceramic membrane 5 in the ceramic membrane 5 is meandering and complicated, which results in affecting the filtration efficiency of the ceramic membrane 5. The water flow channel 5-2 provides a wider channel for substances entering the ceramic membrane 5, so that the filtering efficiency can be greatly improved.
The part of the surface of the ceramic membrane 5 in the structure, which is contacted with sewage, is annular, and the ceramic membrane 5 rotates, so that a certain tangential force parallel to the surface of the ceramic membrane 5 is arranged between the ceramic membrane 5 and the sewage, and impurities in water are not easy to adhere to the surface of the ceramic membrane 5.
By adopting the ceramic membrane 5 with the structure, on one hand, as water permeates into the ceramic membrane 5 from the surface of the ceramic membrane 5 and enters the water flow channel 5-2, the water has a relatively wide flow channel in the water flow channel 5-2 so as to flow rapidly, thereby improving the water outlet speed. On the other hand, the water flow channel 5-2 is in a planar spiral pattern, and along with the rotation of the ceramic membrane 5, water flow particles gradually get close to the inner ring opening of the ceramic membrane 5 along the water flow channel 5-2 in the planar spiral pattern from the initial position of entering the water flow channel 5-2, and water does not have random movement inside the ceramic membrane 5 but has certain guiding, so that the water outlet speed is also improved, and therefore, the ceramic membrane can increase the filtering efficiency.
In some preferred embodiments, in order to achieve both the filtering efficiency and the filtering effect, the water flow channel 5-2 is arranged to be changed from small to large and then to small, and the widest part of the flow channel 5-2 is positioned at the middle position of the annular breadth of the ceramic membrane 5. The flow passage 5-2 located in the outer edge area of the ceramic membrane 5 occupies a relatively small area, so that water in the outer edge area of the ceramic membrane 5 needs to pass through a relatively long ceramic membrane 5 entity to enter the water passage 5-2, and a large amount of water enters the ceramic membrane 5 from the area due to the large outer edge area of the ceramic membrane 5, thereby ensuring the filtering effect. For the water flow in the annular middle area of the ceramic membrane 5, the area of the ceramic membrane 5 is moderate, and compared with the area of the water flow channel 5-2 in the area, the area of the water flow channel is relatively large, so that the water flow entering the area of the ceramic membrane 5 can enter the water flow channel 5-2 through a relatively short path, and the filtering efficiency is ensured. The water flow eventually from the outer edge region flows through the middle region of the ceramic membrane 5 and after converging out of the ceramic membrane 5 through the openings at the inner ring.
In some preferred embodiments, the water flow channels 5-2 are uniformly distributed in the ceramic membrane 5, as shown in fig. 3, and the water flow channels 5-2 are in a uniformly divergent state, so as to uniformly absorb water at various positions.
In certain preferred embodiments, in order to be able to flow water entering the water flow channel 5-2 out of the ceramic membrane 5 as soon as possible, the water flow channel 5-2 is tapered in the direction, i.e. the water flow in this region is converging inwards as soon as possible, with a larger pitch and a larger water flow close to the outer diameter. In the converging process, water flow enters into the interior close to the ceramic membrane 5, the relative speed between the water flow and the ceramic membrane 5 is reduced, the centripetal force is reduced, and the water flow gradually decreases along with the pitch, so that the converging speed is gradually slowed down, and the water flow can flow out in sequence in a spiral manner.
In some preferred embodiments, as shown in FIG. 3, the flow passage area of all the water flow passages 5-2 occupies 1/5 to 1/2 of the entire area of the ceramic membrane 5. Since the liquid outlet speed is in direct proportion to the flow area of the water flow channel 5-2, but the excessive flow area can affect the strength of the ceramic membrane 5 and the filtering effect, the proper flow area occupation ratio of the water flow channel 5-2 can be adjusted according to the liquid outlet effect.
In certain preferred embodiments, the disc ceramic membrane 5 comprises a support and a filtration membrane layer; the support body comprises ceramic powder and an adhesive; the ceramic powder accounts for 80-99wt% of the support body. Specifically, the filtering membrane layer comprises a top membrane and a bottom membrane, and both the top membrane component and the bottom membrane component comprise ceramic powder. The ceramic powder is aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, cordierite, zirconium oxide or bauxite. The average diameter of the ceramic powder in the support is 5-50 mu m; the average diameter of the ceramic powder in the bottom film is 0.1-5 mu m, and the average diameter of the ceramic powder in the top film is 0.08-0.1 mu m. The liquid filtered by the ceramic membrane 5 contains almost no noble metal, and has excellent filtering effect.
In certain preferred embodiments, the ceramic membrane 5 has a thickness of 5mm-8mm, and the water flow channel 5-2 has a uniform thickness and occupies 1/5-1/3 of the thickness of the ceramic membrane 5. The water flow channel 5-2 is arranged centrally in the thickness direction of the ceramic membrane 5, so that the side wall strength of the two sides is enough and the filtering effect can be ensured, wherein the filtering pressure of the top membrane and the bottom membrane is 0.2MPa-0.8MPa; the bending strength of the top film and the bottom film is 80MPa-120MPa.
In certain preferred embodiments, 2-5 water flow channels 5-2 are radially distributed on any one of the ceramic membranes 5. In this way, in the same radial direction, the water flow channels 5-2 with different widths are included, namely at least 2 or more of the peripheral narrower water flow channels 5-2, the middle wider water flow channels 5-2 and the inner narrower water flow channels 5-2 are included, ceramic powder filling is arranged between the channels, so that the whole ceramic membrane 5 is provided with solid parts at intervals in the radial direction, the channels are distributed with ceramics around and in the axial direction, and the strength of the ceramic membrane 5 is favorably maintained.
In some specific embodiments, the ceramic membrane 5 has an outer diameter of 280mm to 350mm, the ceramic membrane 5 has an inner diameter of 80mm to 90mm, and the water flow channel 5-2 has a width of 15mm to 20mm and a width of 3mm to 6mm. In the above embodiment, 14-20 water flow channels 5-2 are distributed on the ceramic membrane 5.
In some specific embodiments, as shown in fig. 6, each side of the ceramic membrane 5 is provided with a scraping brush 7, and the scraping brush 7 is long and is attached to the side wall of the ceramic membrane 5 and fixed on the water storage bin 1 of the filter. Through setting up and scraping the brush, rotate along with ceramic membrane 5, scrape and produce relative motion between brush and the ceramic membrane 5, can in time scrape down the granule that ceramic membrane 5 surface probably adheres to the ceramic membrane 5 to the life-span of extension ceramic membrane 5 is prevented blockking up ceramic membrane 5.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a filtering method for recovering noble metals by using the filters related to the above embodiments, comprising the following steps:
And continuously adding water to be filtered into the water storage bin 1, so that the pressure in the water storage bin 1 is kept between 2.5 multiplied by 10N/m and 5 multiplied by 10N/m under the condition that the rotation speed of the central shaft is kept between 150 revolutions per minute and 300 revolutions per minute, and continuously working for a specified time or stopping adding water when the flow rate of water discharged from the central shaft is reduced to a set threshold value.
And adding gas into the water storage bin 1, so that the pressure in the water storage bin 1 is kept between 2.5 multiplied by 10N/m and between 5 multiplied by 10N/m, the rotation speed of the central shaft is kept between 150 revolutions per minute and 300 revolutions per minute, and the gas filling is stopped until the gas filling is stopped from reaching a set threshold value from the gas outlet content in the central shaft, and the residual liquid in the water storage bin 1 is discharged.
The ceramic membrane filter provided by the embodiment of the application can continuously work for treating more than 30T of wastewater every day, can effectively treat the wastewater with the precious metal content below 0.1g/T, and has the filtration effect on the precious metals in the particle state such as gel in the wastewater of more than 99.9%, and the recycling rate and the working efficiency are both considered.
Comparative test
The ceramic membrane, the Delameter ceramic membrane and the Jiuzhuegao ceramic membrane in the embodiment of the invention are selected for filtering test, the weight of water to be filtered is 600T, the noble metal content in the water is 0.1g/T, and the test results are shown in the following table.
It can be seen from the table that the ceramic membrane filter in the embodiment is adopted for filtering, the filtering efficiency is high, the filtering effect is good, the recovery and utilization rate of noble metal is extremely high, the noble metal can be recovered almost without damage, and the ceramic membrane filter has extremely high competitiveness compared with ceramic membrane manufacturers at home and abroad.
The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and variations of the present application will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the application are to be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The ceramic membrane component for precious metal recovery is characterized by comprising a ceramic membrane and a clamping mechanism;
The ceramic membrane is butterfly-shaped and annular;
the interior of the ceramic membrane includes a plurality of water flow channels, each of the water flow channels communicating from near the outer ring of the ceramic membrane to the inner ring of the ceramic membrane and opening at the inner ring;
Each water flow channel is in a plane spiral line pattern in the direction from one end of the outer ring to one end of the inner ring, and the flow channel width of the water flow channel smoothly changes from small to large to small in the direction;
The clamping mechanism comprises 2 fixing rings, a shaft hole is formed in the fixing rings and is used for being matched with a central shaft of the filter, and the diameter of the shaft hole is smaller than that of an inner ring of the ceramic membrane;
The two sides of each fixing ring are positioned at the periphery of the shaft hole and are provided with an adapting structure corresponding to the inner ring of the ceramic membrane, a fixing structure for fixing the fixing rings at the two sides of the same ceramic membrane is arranged between the adapting structure and the shaft hole, each two fixing rings clamp one ceramic membrane through the adapting structure and the fixing structure, an opening at the inner ring of the ceramic membrane is accommodated between the two fixing rings, and a sealing structure is arranged at the periphery of the adapting structure and is used for sealing structures positioned inside the sealing structure;
the circumference of the shaft hole is penetrated through the fixing ring and is axially provided with a plurality of notches, and the notches are positioned in the sealing structure at radial positions.
2. The ceramic membrane module for precious metal recovery according to claim 1, wherein the flow area of all the water flow channels is 1/5 to 1/2 of the entire ceramic membrane area.
3. The ceramic membrane module for precious metal recovery according to claim 2, wherein the widest point of the flow path of the water flow channel is located at the middle position of the annular web of the ceramic membrane.
4. The ceramic membrane module for precious metal recovery according to claim 1, wherein the pitch of the water flow path in the direction is gradually decreased.
5. The ceramic membrane module for precious metal recovery according to claim 2, wherein the ceramic membrane has a thickness of 5mm to 8mm, and the water flow passage has a uniform thickness of 1/5 to 1/3 of the thickness of the ceramic membrane.
6. The ceramic membrane module for precious metal recovery according to claim 1, wherein 2 to 5 water flow channels are radially distributed on any one of the ceramic membranes.
7. The filter is characterized by comprising a central shaft and a plurality of ceramic membrane assemblies according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the ceramic membranes and the fixing rings are arranged at intervals and are continuously arranged in a mode of clamping one ceramic membrane by every two fixing rings to form a plurality of ceramic membrane assemblies and are sleeved on the central shaft; the middle shaft is hollow, a plurality of water inlet holes are formed in the wall of the middle shaft, and the water inlet holes are completely covered by the ceramic membrane component.
8. The filter of claim 7, wherein the water inlet on the central shaft is disposed in correspondence with the notch.
9. The filter of claim 7, wherein each side of the ceramic membrane is provided with a wiper strip which is attached to the side wall of the ceramic membrane and is secured to the water reservoir of the filter.
10. A filtration method for recovering noble metals using the filter according to any one of claims 7 to 9, comprising:
Continuously adding water to be filtered into a water storage bin, so that the pressure in the water storage bin is kept between 2.5 multiplied by 10N/m and 5 multiplied by 10N/m under the condition that the rotation speed of the central shaft is kept between 150 revolutions per minute and 300 revolutions per minute, and continuously working for a specified time or stopping adding water when the flow rate of water discharged from the central shaft is reduced to a set threshold value;
and adding gas into the water storage bin, so that the pressure in the water storage bin is kept between 2.5 multiplied by 10N/m and between 5 multiplied by 10N/m, the rotation speed of the central shaft is kept between 150 revolutions per minute and 300 revolutions per minute, and the gas filling is stopped until the gas filling is stopped from reaching a set threshold value from the gas outlet content in the central shaft, and the residual liquid in the water storage bin is discharged.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN208694725U (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2019-04-05 | 飞潮（无锡）过滤技术有限公司 | A kind of ceramic membranous disc of multi-runner type rotation |
| CN112742216A (en) * | 2021-02-06 | 2021-05-04 | 临沂临虹无机材料有限公司 | Archimedes spiral disk ceramic membrane filtration system |
| CN216395909U (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-04-29 | 江西锐凯环保新材料有限公司 | Dynamically rotating axial flow ceramic membrane component |
| CN114452834A (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-05-10 | 重庆兀盾纳米科技有限公司 | Disc type ceramic membrane |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN208694725U (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2019-04-05 | 飞潮（无锡）过滤技术有限公司 | A kind of ceramic membranous disc of multi-runner type rotation |
| CN112742216A (en) * | 2021-02-06 | 2021-05-04 | 临沂临虹无机材料有限公司 | Archimedes spiral disk ceramic membrane filtration system |
| CN216395909U (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-04-29 | 江西锐凯环保新材料有限公司 | Dynamically rotating axial flow ceramic membrane component |
| CN114452834A (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-05-10 | 重庆兀盾纳米科技有限公司 | Disc type ceramic membrane |
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