CN117850115A - Electrochromic window control system and method - Google Patents
Electrochromic window control system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117850115A CN117850115A CN202311812041.6A CN202311812041A CN117850115A CN 117850115 A CN117850115 A CN 117850115A CN 202311812041 A CN202311812041 A CN 202311812041A CN 117850115 A CN117850115 A CN 117850115A
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- Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an electrochromic window control system and method, the method comprises the following steps: detecting eyelid opening and closing degree of indoor personnel, and judging whether dazzling exists or not according to the eyelid opening and closing degree obtained through detection; when the existence of the glare is judged, the state of the electrochromic window is deepened for one stage, and the steps are repeated until the glare disappears; acquiring the average face temperature of indoor personnel, and judging whether thermal comfort and bias heat exist according to the acquired average face temperature; if the electrochromic window exists, the state of the electrochromic window is deepened by one level until the thermal comfort bias heat disappears or the state of the electrochromic window is at the deepest level. The control method provided by the invention judges whether glare exists or not by detecting the eyelid opening and closing degree of indoor personnel, and solves the problems that the glare related parameters are inconvenient to measure in an actual scene, the personnel have different sensitivity to the light environment and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of communication engineering, in particular to an electrochromic window control system and method.
Background
The energy consumption of the building is about 1/3 of the total social energy consumption, wherein the energy consumption of the heating ventilation air conditioner is about 1/2 of the energy consumption of the building, and the energy consumption caused by transparent building enclosures such as windows, curtain walls and the like is about 60% of the energy consumption caused by the building enclosures. The novel high-performance door and window has important significance for energy conservation and carbon reduction.
The electrochromic window or curtain wall can change the visible light transmittance and solar heat gain coefficient of the electrochromic glass according to the electric signals, and belongs to an active enclosure structure. When solar radiation is strong in summer, the color of the glass is darkened, the solar heat gain of the glass is reduced, and the building cold load is reduced. In winter, the color can be lightened, the solar heat gain of the glass is improved, the solar radiation enters the room as much as possible, and the heating heat load is reduced. Thus, electrochromic windows or curtain walls have good energy saving benefits.
The control of the electrochromic window or curtain wall can be manually controlled or automatically controlled. When manual control is adopted, a control panel is arranged in a room, a plurality of buttons are arranged on the panel, and each button corresponds to a certain color-changing state of the electrochromic glass. The color change state of each electrochromic glass has a different solar heat gain coefficient and visible light transmittance. The user presses the corresponding buttons to adjust the visible light transmittance and solar heat coefficient of the electrochromic glass through own feelings of indoor light environment and thermal environment. The manual control mode can consider subjective feeling of people, but does not consider energy conservation of an air conditioning system. Automatic control systems for electrochromic windows come in a variety of forms, such as: (1) Adjusting the state of the electrochromic glass according to the threshold value of the outdoor solar radiation intensity; (2) Adjusting the state of the electrochromic glass according to the outdoor visible illuminance; (3) The state of the electrochromic glass is adjusted according to the temperature of the inner surface of the electrochromic glass. In the control of electrochromic windows, the problem of glare needs to be considered, in the prior art, the measurement of glare needs to use a camera to take photos with different exposure layers to synthesize a High-Dynamic Range image (HDR), and according to the High-Dynamic Range image, glare related parameters are calculated, such as: glare Probability (DGP), glare index (DGI). To achieve HDR requires some hardware and software support: the camera sensor needs to have high sensitivity and dynamic range, is usually provided with a special image processing chip, is usually provided with an automatic adjusting function, and can dynamically adjust exposure level and other parameters in a real-time environment. Monitoring cameras in building structures do not have these functions in most cases. In addition, when heating in winter, the sunlight penetrating through the electrochromic window irradiates on the surface of a person or an object, so that the surface temperature of the person or the object is increased, and heat can be directly or indirectly transferred to the person through radiation, thereby reducing the requirement of the person on the indoor air temperature. In addition, the automatic control of the electrochromic window also does not consider the problem of thermal comfort in non-air-conditioning or heating transition seasons.
To sum up, the automatic control of electrochromic windows of the prior art has the following problems: 1. the glare related parameter measurement cost is high, and the sensor is inconvenient to arrange in a real scene: the traditional measurement of indoor space glare parameters requires a camera with an HDR function, the directivity of the arrangement of the camera is considered, the camera with the HDR function is very high in price, the camera is difficult to apply on a large scale, and the inconvenience of the arrangement of the camera is brought by considering the visual directivity of people. 2. The effect of solar radiation on human thermal comfort is not considered: in winter, the room temperature is controlled at the original set temperature without considering the projection of heat radiation to the human body, so that the human body feel hot, and a large amount of energy is wasted. In the transitional season, only the control of the electrochromic window by the glare is considered, so that poor thermal sensation of personnel is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides an electrochromic window control system and method, and solves the problems that the existing electrochromic window automatic control is high in measurement cost of relevant parameters of glare, inconvenient in sensor arrangement in a real scene, free of consideration of the influence of solar radiation on human body thermal comfort and the like.
The technical scheme for achieving the purpose is as follows:
the invention provides an electrochromic window control method, which comprises the following steps:
detecting eyelid opening and closing degree of indoor personnel, and judging whether dazzling exists or not according to the eyelid opening and closing degree obtained through detection;
when the existence of the glare is judged, the state of the electrochromic window is deepened for one stage, and the steps are repeated until the glare disappears;
acquiring the average face temperature of indoor personnel, and judging whether thermal comfort and bias heat exist according to the acquired average face temperature;
if the electrochromic window exists, the state of the electrochromic window is deepened by one level until the thermal comfort bias heat disappears or the state of the electrochromic window is at the deepest level.
The control method provided by the invention judges whether glare exists or not by detecting the eyelid opening and closing degree of indoor personnel, and solves the problems that the glare related parameters are inconvenient to measure in an actual scene, the personnel have different sensitivity to the light environment and the like. The invention solves the glare problem, and also judges the average face temperature of indoor personnel, and solves the problem of heat sensation of the human body when the room temperature is taken as the comfort judgment basis alone when solar radiation is projected to the human body.
A further improvement of the electrochromic window control method of the present invention is that it further comprises:
when solar radiation directly irradiates on the electrochromic window, detecting an outdoor direct solar radiation value and a change trend thereof;
predicting the solar radiation value after a certain time interval according to the solar radiation value at the previous moment and the change trend thereof; the time interval is determined according to the time required for the state change between the gear positions of the electrochromic window.
When the predicted value of the outdoor direct solar radiation is smaller than the first limit value, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted to the shallowest level;
adjusting the state of the electrochromic window to a sub-shallow level when the predicted value of the direct solar radiation outdoors is between a first limit value and a second limit value;
adjusting the state of the electrochromic window to a sub-depth level when the predicted value of the outdoor direct solar radiation is between the second limit value and the third limit value;
when the predicted value of the outdoor direct solar radiation is greater than the third limit value, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted to the deepest level.
The electrochromic window control method is further improved in that when no person is in the room, whether an air conditioner is used or not is judged, and if the air conditioner is not used, the state of the electrochromic window is regulated according to the indoor temperature;
if the air conditioner is used, judging an operation mode of the air conditioner, and when the air conditioner is in a refrigerating mode, regulating the state of the electrochromic window to the deepest level; when the air conditioner is in the heating mode, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted to the shallowest level.
A further improvement of the electrochromic window control method of the present invention is that it further comprises: the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted to the shallowest level according to the set time interval.
A further improvement of the electrochromic window control method of the present invention is that it further comprises:
acquiring the running state of an indoor air conditioner;
when the indoor air conditioner does not operate, further judging whether a person exists in the room, and if so, adjusting the state of the electrochromic window to the shallowest level; if no one exists, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted according to the indoor temperature;
when the indoor air conditioner is in an operation state, judging the operation mode of the indoor air conditioner, if the indoor air conditioner is in a refrigeration mode, further judging whether a person exists in the room, if the person exists, judging whether solar radiation directly irradiates on the electrochromic window, if the person does not exist, adjusting the state of the electrochromic window to the shallowest level, and if the person exists, adjusting the state of the electrochromic window according to the change of the solar radiation; if no one exists, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted to the deepest level;
if the solar energy is in the heating mode, further judging whether a person exists in the room, if the person exists, judging whether solar radiation directly irradiates the electrochromic window, if the person does not exist, adjusting the state of the electrochromic window to the shallowest level, and if the person exists, adjusting the state of the electrochromic window according to the change of the solar radiation; if not, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted to the shallowest level.
The invention also provides an electrochromic window control system, comprising:
the glare judging unit is used for detecting the eyelid opening and closing degree of indoor personnel and judging whether glare exists or not according to the eyelid opening and closing degree obtained through detection;
the temperature sensing judgment unit is used for acquiring the average face temperature of the indoor personnel and judging whether the thermal comfort bias exists or not according to the acquired average face temperature;
and the processing unit is connected with the dazzling light judging unit and the temperature sensing temperature judging unit, is in control connection with the electrochromic window and is used for controlling the state of the electrochromic window to be deepened by one level when the dazzling light judging unit judges that dazzling light exists and controlling the state of the electrochromic window to be deepened by one level when the temperature sensing temperature judging unit judges that heat comfort and bias heat exist.
The electrochromic window control system is further improved in that the electrochromic window control system further comprises a solar radiation monitoring unit connected with the processing unit, wherein the solar radiation monitoring unit is used for detecting the change trend of outdoor direct solar radiation when the solar radiation directly irradiates the electrochromic window, forming corresponding control signals according to the detected change trend and sending the corresponding control signals to the processing unit, and the processing unit is used for controlling and adjusting the state of the electrochromic window according to the corresponding control signals.
The electrochromic window control system is further improved by further comprising a timing unit connected with the processing unit and used for forming a trigger signal to the processing unit when a set time interval is reached;
the processing unit adjusts the state of the electrochromic window to the shallowest level according to the received trigger signal.
The electrochromic window control system is further improved in that a refrigerating air conditioning mode, a heating air conditioning mode and a non-air conditioning mode are arranged in the processing unit;
in the refrigeration air-conditioning mode, the processing unit judges whether a person exists indoors, if so, judges whether solar radiation directly irradiates the electrochromic window, if not, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted to the shallowest level, and if so, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted according to the change of the solar radiation; if no one exists, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted to the deepest level;
in the heating air conditioning mode, the processing unit judges whether a person exists indoors, if so, judges whether solar radiation directly irradiates the electrochromic window, if not, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted to the shallowest level, and if so, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted according to the change of the solar radiation; if no one exists, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted to the shallowest level;
in the non-air-conditioning mode, the processing unit judges whether a person exists indoors, and if so, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted to the shallowest level; if no one exists, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted according to the indoor temperature.
The electrochromic window control system is further improved in that the electrochromic window control system further comprises an indoor image acquisition device, the indoor image acquisition device is connected with the glare judging unit and the processing unit, and the image acquisition device is used for acquiring indoor image formation video streams.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a system diagram of an electrochromic window control system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a composition diagram of an electrochromic window controller in an electrochromic window control system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a composition diagram of an image processing apparatus in the electrochromic window control system of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a control flow chart of the electrochromic window control method in the working condition of the refrigerating air conditioner.
Fig. 5 is a control flow chart under heating conditions in the electrochromic window control method of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a control flow chart under a non-air-conditioning heating condition in the electrochromic window control method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and the specific examples.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention provides a control system and a control method for an electrochromic window, which are used for controlling glare by taking eyelid opening and closing degree as judging basis preferentially and then carrying out thermal comfort control by taking average facial temperature as judging basis, so that the problems of difficult measurement of glare parameters, high sensor price and difficult arrangement in a conventional control scheme are solved. The invention also fully considers the light comfort and the heat comfort, judges the comfort of the light environment and the heat environment by the direct physiological reflection of the human body, and is more direct and accurate. The electrochromic window control system and method of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides an electrochromic window control system which comprises a glare judging unit, a somatic temperature sensing judging unit and a processing unit, wherein the glare judging unit and the somatic temperature sensing judging unit are connected with the processing unit, and the glare judging unit is used for detecting eyelid opening and closing degrees of indoor personnel and judging whether glare exists or not according to the eyelid opening and closing degrees obtained through detection; the temperature sensing judgment unit is used for acquiring the average face temperature of the indoor personnel and judging whether thermal comfort bias exists or not according to the acquired average face temperature; the processing unit is also in control connection with the electrochromic window, and is used for controlling the state of the electrochromic window to be deepened by one stage when the dazzling judgment unit judges that dazzling exists, and is also used for controlling the state of the electrochromic window to be deepened by one stage when the body temperature judgment unit judges that thermal comfort is generated.
Further, after the processing unit is used for deepening the state of the electrochromic window by one level based on the fact that the dazzle judging unit judges that the dazzle exists, a control instruction is formed to enable the dazzle judging unit to continue to carry out dazzle judgment, and if the dazzle still exists, the state of the electrochromic window is further deepened by one level until the dazzle disappears. After the electrochromic window is adjusted based on glare, the body temperature sensing judgment unit judges whether the thermal comfort bias exists or not, judges according to the average temperature of the face of an indoor person, if the thermal comfort bias exists, the processing unit controls the state of the electrochromic window to be deepened by one level, then the processing unit forms a control instruction to enable the body temperature sensing judgment unit to judge whether the thermal comfort bias exists or not, if the thermal bias still exists, the state of the electrochromic window is further deepened by one level until the thermal bias disappears or the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted to the deepest level.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the control system further includes a solar radiation monitoring unit connected to the processing unit, and configured to detect an outdoor direct solar radiation value and a variation trend thereof when solar radiation directly irradiates the electrochromic window, form a corresponding control signal according to the detected value and the variation trend thereof, and send the control signal to the processing unit, where the processing unit controls and adjusts the state of the electrochromic window according to the corresponding control signal.
The solar radiation monitoring unit is used for working when solar radiation directly irradiates the electrochromic window, and can detect the solar radiation value on the electrochromic window in real time. A prediction algorithm (such as a linear prediction algorithm, an autoregressive differential moving average model algorithm and an autoregressive moving average model algorithm) is preset in the solar radiation monitoring unit, the solar radiation monitoring unit calculates a solar radiation value after a certain period of time according to a monitoring value, which is also called a solar radiation predicted value, when the outdoor direct solar radiation predicted value is smaller than a first limit value, the solar radiation monitoring unit forms a first control signal to a processing unit, the processing unit receives the first control signal and executes the first control signal, and the processing unit adjusts the state of an electrochromic window to the shallowest level; when the predicted value of the outdoor direct solar radiation is between the first limit value and the second limit value, the solar radiation monitoring unit forms a second control signal to the processing unit, and the processing unit receives the second control signal and executes the second control signal to adjust the state of the electrochromic window to a sub-shallow level; when the predicted value of the outdoor direct solar radiation is between the second limit value and the third limit value, the solar radiation monitoring unit forms a third control signal to the processing unit, and the processing unit receives the third control signal and executes the third control signal to adjust the state of the electrochromic window to a sub-deep level; when the predicted value of the outdoor direct solar radiation is larger than the third limit value, the solar radiation monitoring unit forms a fourth control signal to the processing unit, and the processing unit receives the fourth control signal and executes the fourth control signal to adjust the state of the electrochromic window to the deepest level.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the control system of the present invention further includes a timing unit connected to the processing unit, for forming a trigger signal to the processing unit when a set time interval is reached; the processing unit adjusts the state of the electrochromic window to the shallowest level according to the received trigger signal.
The set time interval is preferably 1 hour.
After the state of the electrochromic window is regulated to the shallowest level by the processing unit, forming a control instruction to the glare judging unit, and enabling the glare judging unit to start to operate so as to judge the glare; after the processing unit is well regulated in dazzle light, a control instruction donor temperature sensing judgment unit is formed, and the donor temperature sensing judgment unit is started to operate to judge heat comfort and bias.
In one specific embodiment of the present invention, a cooling air conditioning mode, a heating air conditioning mode and a non-air conditioning mode are provided in the processing unit;
in the refrigerating air-conditioning mode, the processing unit judges whether a person exists indoors, if so, judges whether solar radiation directly irradiates the electrochromic window, if not, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted to the shallowest level, and if so, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted according to the change of the solar radiation; if no one exists, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted to the deepest level;
in a heating air-conditioning mode, the processing unit judges whether a person exists indoors, if so, judges whether solar radiation directly irradiates the electrochromic window, if not, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted to the shallowest level, and if so, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted according to the change of the solar radiation; if no one exists, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted to the shallowest level;
in the non-air-conditioning mode, the processing unit judges whether a person exists indoors, and if so, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted to the shallowest level; if no one exists, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted according to the indoor temperature.
The processing unit is connected with the building control system host, and can acquire indoor working conditions, namely, judge whether the air conditioner operates or not and judge the operation mode of the air conditioner.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the control system of the present invention further includes an image acquisition device 21 disposed in a room, connected to the glare judgment unit and the processing unit, where the image acquisition device 21 is configured to acquire an image forming video stream in the room.
Preferably, the image acquisition device 21 includes a visible light lens sensor 211 and an infrared lens sensor 212 disposed in a room, wherein the visible light lens sensor 211 and the infrared lens sensor 212 may be two separate cameras or may be a dual-sensor camera.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the system of the present invention further includes an image processing device 22, where the image processing device 22 is connected to the image capturing device 21, and the image processing device 22 and the image capturing device 21 may be connected by a wire or wirelessly. The image processing device 22 is connected to an electrochromic window controller 23. The control system of the invention also comprises an outdoor solar radiation intensity sensor 25, wherein the outdoor solar radiation intensity sensor 25 is arranged outdoors and is close to the electrochromic window 10, the electrochromic window controller 23 is in control connection with the electrochromic window 10 through a direct-current stabilized power supply 24, and the electrochromic window controller 23 controls the direct-current stabilized power supply to provide forward voltage for a period of time, so that the color of the electrochromic window is deepened by one step; the electrochromic window controller 23 controls the dc regulated power supply to provide a reverse voltage for a period of time, the color of the electrochromic window becoming one level lighter. The electrochromic window controller 23 and the direct-current stabilized power supply 24 can be connected through a signal line, and other lines are needed to be provided for supplying power to the direct-current stabilized power supply 24 at the moment; the electrochromic window controller 23 and the direct-current stabilized power supply 24 can be connected through five types of network cables, and can transmit signals and supply power to the direct-current stabilized power supply 24 at the same time; the electrochromic window controller 23 and the direct-current stabilized power supply 24 can also be connected through wireless communication, and the direct-current stabilized power supply 24 is powered by a strong electric circuit.
As shown in fig. 3, the image processing device of the present invention includes an input and output module, a central processing unit, a graphics processing module, a communication module, a power module, a main storage module and a memory module, wherein the communication module can be a module with wireless function and supporting common wireless protocols such as WIFI and bluetooth. The image processing module is connected with the electrochromic window controller 23 through wired or wireless communication, and the main storage module is used for storing indoor video streams acquired by the image acquisition device.
As shown in fig. 2, the electrochromic window controller 23 includes an input/output module, a processor module, a memory module, a power module, a man-machine interaction module, and a communication module, where the communication module may have a wireless function, and supports a common wireless protocol such as WIFI and bluetooth. The electrochromic window controller is connected to the building control system host 30 through a communication module or an input-output module.
As shown in fig. 1, an indoor temperature sensor 32 and an indoor illuminance sensor 34 are disposed in a room to detect the indoor temperature and illuminance, and a room temperature controller 31 connected to the indoor temperature sensor 32 and an illumination controller 33 connected to the indoor illuminance sensor 34 are also disposed, and the room temperature controller 31 and the illumination controller 33 are connected to a building control system main unit 30, respectively, to control the indoor temperature and illumination. The functions of the room temperature controller and the lighting controller can also be integrated into the electrochromic controller, only the electrochromic window controller is reserved, and the indoor temperature sensor and the indoor illuminance sensor are connected to the electrochromic window controller.
The invention also provides an electrochromic window control method, and the control method is described below.
The control method of the invention comprises the following steps:
detecting eyelid opening and closing degree of indoor personnel, and judging whether dazzling exists or not according to the eyelid opening and closing degree obtained through detection;
when the existence of the glare is judged, the state of the electrochromic window is deepened for one stage, and the steps are repeated until the glare disappears;
acquiring the average face temperature of indoor personnel, and judging whether thermal comfort and bias heat exist according to the acquired average face temperature;
if the electrochromic window exists, the state of the electrochromic window is deepened by one level until the thermal comfort bias heat disappears or the state of the electrochromic window is at the deepest level.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the method further comprises:
when solar radiation directly irradiates on the electrochromic window, detecting an outdoor direct solar radiation value and a change trend thereof;
when the predicted value of the outdoor direct solar radiation is smaller than the first limit value, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted to the shallowest level;
adjusting the state of the electrochromic window to a sub-shallow level when the predicted value of the direct solar radiation outdoors is between a first limit value and a second limit value;
adjusting the state of the electrochromic window to a sub-depth level when the predicted value of the outdoor direct solar radiation is between the second limit value and the third limit value;
when the predicted value of the outdoor direct solar radiation is greater than the third limit value, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted to the deepest level.
In one embodiment of the invention, when no person is in the room, judging whether to use the air conditioner, and if not, adjusting the state of the electrochromic window according to the temperature in the room;
if the air conditioner is used, judging an operation mode of the air conditioner, and when the air conditioner is in a refrigerating mode, regulating the state of the electrochromic window to the deepest level; when the air conditioner is in the heating mode, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted to the shallowest level.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the method further comprises: the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted to the shallowest level according to the set time interval.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the method further comprises:
acquiring the running state of an indoor air conditioner;
when the indoor air conditioner does not operate, further judging whether a person exists in the room, and if so, adjusting the state of the electrochromic window to the shallowest level; if no one exists, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted according to the indoor temperature;
when the indoor air conditioner is in an operation state, judging the operation mode of the indoor air conditioner, if the indoor air conditioner is in a refrigeration mode, further judging whether a person exists in the room, if the person exists, judging whether solar radiation directly irradiates on the electrochromic window, if the person does not exist, adjusting the state of the electrochromic window to the shallowest level, and if the person exists, adjusting the state of the electrochromic window according to the change of the solar radiation; if no one exists, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted to the deepest level;
if the solar energy is in the heating mode, further judging whether a person exists in the room, if the person exists, judging whether solar radiation directly irradiates the electrochromic window, if the person does not exist, adjusting the state of the electrochromic window to the shallowest level, and if the person exists, adjusting the state of the electrochromic window according to the change of the solar radiation; if not, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted to the shallowest level.
The control system and the control method of the invention also comprise the steps of calibrating the system:
collecting the eye lid opening height of a room in dazzling and non-dazzling states through a visible light lens sensor, and determining the relation between the dazzling sensitivity and the eye lid opening and closing degree; the average face temperature of the indoor office staff is collected through the infrared lens sensor, heat sensation voting under different indoor temperatures and different solar radiation projection conditions is carried out at the same time, and the relation between the heat sensation and the average face temperature is fitted. Correction of the relationship between the glare related parameter and the degree of eyelid opening and closing, and the relationship between the average facial temperature and the thermal sensation are performed periodically.
And judging which working condition is the refrigerating air-conditioning working condition, the heating working condition or the non-air-conditioning heating working condition according to the building air-conditioning system.
And collecting room images by using a visible light lens or an infrared lens sensor, and judging whether a person exists in the room.
And (3) judging whether sunlight is directly irradiated onto the electrochromic window by using an outdoor solar radiation sensor and calculating according to parameters such as time, geographic position, window orientation and the like. Accordingly, for a specific electrochromic window, the direct sun incidence usually occurs within a certain period of time, so that whether the direct sun incidence exists or not can be judged according to time.
The method comprises the steps of regularly utilizing a visible light lens to collect eye images of a person and judging whether dazzling exists or not;
the average face temperature of the person is collected by the infrared lens sensor regularly to judge whether the thermal comfort problem exists.
The control method comprises three modes, namely a refrigerating air conditioning working condition mode, a heating working condition mode and a non-air conditioning heating working condition mode.
As shown in fig. 4, in the cooling air conditioning mode, whether a person is in the room is first determined, and if no person is in the room, a forward voltage is applied to the electrochromic window to adjust the state of the electrochromic window to the darkest state, i.e., the darkest level. The tinting level of the electrochromic window includes four levels, namely, a deepest level S4, a shallowest level S1, a sub-deep level S3, and a sub-shallow level S2. Of course, the hueing level of the electrochromic window is not limited to four levels, but may also be five levels, six levels, or even more.
If personnel exist in a room and solar radiation does not directly irradiate the electrochromic window, adjusting the electrochromic window to a light color state S1, if no glare exists, keeping the electrochromic window in the state S1, and when glare exists, applying forward voltage to the electrochromic window, and adjusting the color window of the electrochromic window to a light color state S2; and judging whether the dazzle exists again, if the dazzle exists, keeping the electrochromic window S2, if the dazzle exists, continuing to apply forward voltage, and continuing to darken the electrochromic window to a darker color state S3 until the dazzle disappears. And judging whether the thermal sensation is hotter or not after the glare is not generated, and if the thermal sensation is hotter, adjusting the electrochromic window to a deeper level until the hotter sensation is disappeared or the electrochromic window is adjusted to the deepest level. The electrochromic window was then adjusted to the S1 state every 1 hour interval.
If personnel exist in a room and solar radiation directly irradiates an electrochromic window, setting 3 thresholds for outdoor solar radiation, namely a first limit value, a second limit value and a third limit value, and setting the state of the electrochromic window according to the relation between the outdoor solar radiation intensity value and the outdoor solar radiation intensity threshold value; judging whether dazzling exists or not, and when the dazzling exists, adjusting the state of the electrochromic glass to a deeper primary state until the dazzling disappears; and judging whether the heat sensation is hot or not, and when the heat sensation is hot, adjusting the state of the electrochromic window to a state with a darker color by one step until the heat sensation is lost. Preferably every 1 hour, the state of the electrochromic window is reset, for example, the electrochromic window is set to the S1 state, according to the relationship between the predicted value of the outdoor solar radiation intensity and the outdoor solar radiation threshold.
As shown in fig. 5, in the heating mode, it is first determined whether there is a person in the room, and if there is no person in the room, a reverse voltage is applied to the electrochromic window to adjust the color of the electrochromic window to the shallowest color state S1.
If personnel exist in the room, when solar radiation does not directly irradiate the electrochromic window, the electrochromic window is adjusted to the shallowest color state S1; judging whether dazzling exists or not, and when the dazzling exists, adjusting the state of the electrochromic glass to a deeper primary state until the dazzling disappears; and judging whether the heat sensation is hot or not, and when the heat sensation is hot, adjusting the state of the electrochromic window to a state with a darker color by one step until the heat sensation is lost. Preferably every 1 hour, the state of the electrochromic window is reset, for example, the electrochromic window is set to the S1 state, according to the relationship between the predicted value of the outdoor solar radiation and the threshold value of the outdoor solar radiation.
When personnel exist in a heating air conditioner working condition, and solar radiation directly irradiates an electrochromic window, setting the state of the electrochromic window according to the relationship between an outdoor solar radiation predicted value and an outdoor solar radiation intensity threshold value; judging whether dazzling exists or not, and when the dazzling exists, adjusting the state of the electrochromic glass to a deeper primary state until the dazzling disappears; and judging whether the heat sensation is hot or not, and when the heat sensation is hot, adjusting the state of the electrochromic window to a state with a darker color by one step until the heat sensation is lost. Preferably, every 1 hour, the state of the electrochromic window is reset, for example, the electrochromic window is set to the S1 state, according to the relationship between the predicted value of the outdoor solar radiation and the threshold value of the outdoor solar radiation.
Under the non-air-conditioning heating working condition mode, firstly judging whether personnel exist in the room, and if no personnel exist in the room, setting the state of the electrochromic window in the shallowest state S1 if the indoor temperature is lower than a certain threshold value; if the indoor temperature is higher than a certain threshold value, setting the electrochromic window state in the deepest state S4;
and when people exist indoors under the non-air-conditioning heating working condition, judging whether the people dazzle, if so, adjusting the color of the electrochromic window to a deeper primary state, and if not, keeping the current state. Judging whether the heat is felt to be hot or not, and if so, darkening the electrochromic window to a darker primary state. Detecting the change trend of outdoor solar radiation, and adjusting the state of the electrochromic window to be a shallower first-order state when the solar radiation reduction value is larger than a certain threshold value.
The control system and method of the present invention are described below with an example.
The size of the electrochromic window in the control system of the electrochromic window is 1.2m multiplied by 0.85m, the control system can be adjusted in four steps, the solar radiation transmittance of the shallowest color state S1 is 52 percent, and the visible light transmittance is about 60 percent; the solar radiation transmittance of the lighter state S2 is 15 percent, and the visible light transmittance is about 20 percent; the solar radiation transmittance of the darker state S3 is 2.5% and the visible light transmittance is about 6%; the solar radiation transmittance of the color deepest state S4 is 0.6%, and the visible light transmittance is about 1.5%.
The input of the direct current stabilized power supply is alternating current with voltage of 207-253V, and the direct current stabilized power supply can stably provide direct current output with voltage of +3V or-3V. The electrochromic window controller adopts a 240MHz main frequency 4-core processor, a built-in 8M+ external expansion 16M memory, a general input/output design is provided, point position type switching can be realized through software configuration, an RS-485 interface and a 10M/100M self-adaptive Ethernet interface are provided, a touch screen is provided, and AC/DC 24V (+ -10%) power supply is supported.
The image acquisition device adopts a PCI interface and is a digital acquisition card. The image processing device adopts a 24-core main frequency 3.0GHz central processing unit, adopts 4 image processors (405) with 10496 CUDA cores and 48G video memories, adopts 10 1TB solid state drives, 4 DDR4 memory cards with 32G capacity and a plurality of PCIE3.0 slots.
The visible light optical sensor is 1/2.8', 2.0M pixel CMOS, and the horizontal viewing angle and the vertical viewing angle are 85 DEG and 45 DEG respectively. The infrared lens sensor adopts a silicon oxide uncooled infrared focal plane detector, the resolution is 256 multiplied by 192, and the temperature measurement precision is +/-0.15 ℃ at 35-38 ℃; the effective temperature measurement distance is not less than 5m; the horizontal and vertical viewing angles are 35 ° and 27 °, respectively. The outdoor solar radiation intensity sensor is in a measuring range of 0-2000W/m < 2 >, the spectrum range is 300-3000 nm, the resolution is 0.1W/m < 2 >, and the measuring accuracy is +/-3%. The indoor temperature sensor has a measuring range of 0-50 ℃ and a measuring precision of +/-3 ℃. The indoor illuminance sensor has a measurement range of 0-200000 Lux and a measurement accuracy of + -5%. The temperature controller, the illuminance controller and the building control host are configured according to a traditional building control system.
Through earlier calibration, the relation between the eyelid opening and closing degree and the glare feeling degree of a person is determined, and when the average eyelid opening and closing degree is smaller than 0.8, the glare is determined to be influenced. When the average temperature of the face exceeds 35.4 ℃, the person is considered to feel a hot sensation. The direct solar radiation intensity is set to be three limit values of 200W/m2, 850W/m2 and 950W/m 2.
When no person exists in the room under the working condition of the refrigeration air conditioner, applying forward voltage to the electrochromic window, and adjusting the color of the electrochromic window to the deepest color state S4;
when personnel exist in a refrigerating air-conditioning working condition, and solar radiation does not directly irradiate the electrochromic window, the electrochromic window is adjusted to the shallowest color state S1; when the average eyelid opening and closing degree is more than 0.8, the electrochromic window is kept in an S1 state; when the average eyelid opening and closing degree is smaller than 0.8, applying a forward voltage to the electrochromic window, and adjusting the color window of the electrochromic window to a lighter color state S2; monitoring the average eyelid opening and closing degree again, keeping the electrochromic window to S2 when the average eyelid opening and closing degree is larger than 0.8, and continuously applying forward voltage to continuously deepen the electrochromic window to a darker color state S3 when the average eyelid opening and closing degree is smaller than 0.8;
when personnel exist in a refrigerating air conditioner working condition and solar radiation directly irradiates an electrochromic window, setting 200W/m for an outdoor direct solar radiation predicted value 2 、850W/m 2 、950W/m 2 Three thresholds, namely setting the state of an electrochromic window according to the relationship between the predicted value of the outdoor direct solar radiation and the thresholds; judging whether dazzling light exists or not, and when the average eyelid opening and closing degree is smaller than 0.8, adjusting the state of the electrochromic glass to a deeper first-stage state until the dazzling light disappears; and judging whether the thermal sensation is hotter or not, and when the average temperature of the face is higher than 35.4 ℃, adjusting the state of the electrochromic window to a state with a darker color by one step until the hotter thermal sensation disappears. Preferably every 1 hour, the state of the electrochromic window is reset according to the relationship between the predicted value of the outdoor solar radiation and the threshold value of the outdoor solar radiation.
When no personnel exist in the heating working condition, the room is: applying a reverse voltage to the electrochromic window to adjust the color of the electrochromic window to a shallowest color state S1;
when personnel exist in a heating working condition, and solar radiation does not directly irradiate the electrochromic window, the electrochromic window is adjusted to a shallowest color state S1; judging whether dazzling light exists or not, and when the average eyelid opening and closing degree is smaller than 0.8, adjusting the state of the electrochromic glass to a deeper first-stage state until the dazzling light disappears; detecting the change trend of outdoor solar radiation, and adjusting the state of the electrochromic window to be a shallower first-order state when the solar radiation reduction value is larger than 200W/m < 2 >.
When personnel exist in a heating air conditioner working condition, and solar radiation directly irradiates an electrochromic window, setting the state of the electrochromic window according to the relationship between the predicted value of direct solar radiation outdoors and a threshold value; judging whether dazzling light exists or not, and when the average eyelid opening and closing degree is smaller than 0.8, adjusting the state of the electrochromic glass to a deeper first-stage state until the dazzling light disappears; and judging whether the thermal sensation is hotter or not, and when the average temperature of the face is higher than 35.4 ℃, adjusting the state of the electrochromic window to a state with a darker color by one step until the hotter thermal sensation disappears. Preferably, the state of the electrochromic window is reset every 1 hour according to the relationship between the predicted value of the outdoor solar radiation and the threshold value of the outdoor solar radiation.
When no person is in the room under the non-air-conditioning heating condition, if the indoor temperature is lower than 18 ℃, setting the electrochromic window state in the shallowest state S1; if the indoor temperature is higher than 28 ℃, setting the electrochromic window state in the deepest state S4;
and when people exist in a room under a non-air-conditioning heating working condition, judging whether to dazzle, when the average eyelid opening and closing degree is smaller than 0.8, adjusting the color of the electrochromic window to a deeper primary state, and if the average eyelid opening and closing degree is larger than 0.8, keeping the current state. Judging whether the heat is felt to be hot or not, and darkening the electrochromic window to a darker primary state when the average temperature of the face is higher than 35.4 ℃. Detecting the change trend of outdoor solar radiation, when the solar radiation reduction value is more than 200W/m 2 When the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted to a shallower first-order state.
The control system and the control method have the beneficial effects that:
the comfort is good: the comfort of the light environment and the heat environment is judged by direct physiological reflection of people by fully considering the light comfort and the heat comfort, and the method is more direct and accurate.
The feasibility is strong: the glare parameter measurement in the conventional control scheme is very difficult, the sensor is high in price and difficult to arrange, and the glare measurement scheme provided by the invention is stronger in feasibility.
Energy-saving and carbon reduction: the electrochromic window control scheme in non-air-conditioning heating seasons is fully considered, the electrochromic window is utilized to solve the problem of comfort, and the opening of air conditioning and solar light sources is reduced.
The economy is good: the visible light lens and the infrared lens can be simultaneously used for a security system, so that the total investment of the whole building system is reduced.
The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments of the drawings, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications to the invention based on the above description. Accordingly, certain details of the illustrated embodiments are not to be taken as limiting the invention, which is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An electrochromic window control method, characterized by comprising the steps of:
detecting eyelid opening and closing degree of indoor personnel, and judging whether dazzling exists or not according to the eyelid opening and closing degree obtained through detection;
when the existence of the glare is judged, the state of the electrochromic window is deepened for one stage, and the steps are repeated until the glare disappears;
acquiring the average face temperature of indoor personnel, and judging whether thermal comfort and bias heat exist according to the acquired average face temperature;
if the electrochromic window exists, the state of the electrochromic window is deepened by one level until the thermal comfort bias heat disappears or the state of the electrochromic window is at the deepest level.
2. The electrochromic window control method of claim 1, further comprising:
when solar radiation directly irradiates on the electrochromic window, detecting an outdoor direct solar radiation value and a change trend thereof;
predicting the solar radiation value after a certain time interval according to the solar radiation value at the previous moment and the change trend thereof;
when the predicted value of the outdoor direct solar radiation is smaller than the first limit value, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted to the shallowest level;
adjusting the state of the electrochromic window to a sub-shallow level when the predicted value of the direct solar radiation outdoors is between a first limit value and a second limit value;
adjusting the state of the electrochromic window to a sub-depth level when the predicted value of the outdoor direct solar radiation is between the second limit value and the third limit value;
when the predicted value of the outdoor direct solar radiation is greater than the third limit value, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted to the deepest level.
3. The electrochromic window control method according to claim 1, wherein when no one is in the room, it is judged whether an air conditioner is used, and if the air conditioner is not used, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted according to the temperature in the room;
if the air conditioner is used, judging an operation mode of the air conditioner, and when the air conditioner is in a refrigerating mode, regulating the state of the electrochromic window to the deepest level; when the air conditioner is in the heating mode, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted to the shallowest level.
4. The electrochromic window control method of claim 1, further comprising: the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted to the shallowest level according to the set time interval.
5. The electrochromic window control method of claim 1, further comprising:
acquiring the running state of an indoor air conditioner;
when the indoor air conditioner does not operate, further judging whether a person exists in the room, and if so, adjusting the state of the electrochromic window to the shallowest level; if no one exists, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted according to the indoor temperature;
when the indoor air conditioner is in an operation state, judging the operation mode of the indoor air conditioner, if the indoor air conditioner is in a refrigeration mode, further judging whether a person exists in the room, if the person exists, judging whether solar radiation directly irradiates on the electrochromic window, if the person does not exist, adjusting the state of the electrochromic window to the shallowest level, and if the person exists, adjusting the state of the electrochromic window according to the change of the solar radiation; if no one exists, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted to the deepest level;
if the solar energy is in the heating mode, further judging whether a person exists in the room, if the person exists, judging whether solar radiation directly irradiates the electrochromic window, if the person does not exist, adjusting the state of the electrochromic window to the shallowest level, and if the person exists, adjusting the state of the electrochromic window according to the change of the solar radiation; if not, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted to the shallowest level.
6. An electrochromic window control system, comprising:
the glare judging unit is used for detecting the eyelid opening and closing degree of indoor personnel and judging whether glare exists or not according to the eyelid opening and closing degree obtained through detection;
the temperature sensing judgment unit is used for acquiring the average face temperature of the indoor personnel and judging whether the thermal comfort bias exists or not according to the acquired average face temperature;
and the processing unit is connected with the dazzling light judging unit and the temperature sensing temperature judging unit, is in control connection with the electrochromic window and is used for controlling the state of the electrochromic window to be deepened by one level when the dazzling light judging unit judges that dazzling light exists and controlling the state of the electrochromic window to be deepened by one level when the temperature sensing temperature judging unit judges that heat comfort and bias heat exist.
7. The electrochromic window control system of claim 6, further comprising a solar radiation monitoring unit connected to the processing unit, wherein the solar radiation monitoring unit is configured to detect an outdoor direct solar radiation value and a trend of change of the outdoor direct solar radiation value when solar radiation is directly irradiated onto the electrochromic window, predict a solar radiation predicted value after a certain period of time according to detected data, and form a corresponding control signal to the processing unit, and the processing unit controls and adjusts a state of the electrochromic window according to the corresponding control signal.
8. The electrochromic window control system of claim 6, further comprising a timing unit coupled to the processing unit for forming a trigger signal to the processing unit when a set time interval is reached;
the processing unit adjusts the state of the electrochromic window to the shallowest level according to the received trigger signal.
9. The electrochromic window control system of claim 6, wherein a cooling air conditioning mode, a heating air conditioning mode, and a non-air conditioning mode are provided within the processing unit;
in the refrigeration air-conditioning mode, the processing unit judges whether a person exists indoors, if so, judges whether solar radiation directly irradiates the electrochromic window, if not, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted to the shallowest level, and if so, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted according to the change of the solar radiation; if no one exists, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted to the deepest level;
in the heating air conditioning mode, the processing unit judges whether a person exists indoors, if so, judges whether solar radiation directly irradiates the electrochromic window, if not, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted to the shallowest level, and if so, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted according to the change of the solar radiation; if no one exists, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted to the shallowest level;
in the non-air-conditioning mode, the processing unit judges whether a person exists indoors, and if so, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted to the shallowest level; if no one exists, the state of the electrochromic window is adjusted according to the indoor temperature.
10. The electrochromic window control system of claim 6, further comprising an image acquisition device disposed in the room, coupled to the glare judgment unit and the processing unit, the image acquisition device configured to acquire an image-forming video stream in the room.
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| CN202311812041.6A CN117850115A (en) | 2023-12-26 | 2023-12-26 | Electrochromic window control system and method |
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| CN202311812041.6A CN117850115A (en) | 2023-12-26 | 2023-12-26 | Electrochromic window control system and method |
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