CN1178487A

CN1178487A - Method and apparatus for disposal of materials such as waste

Info

Publication number: CN1178487A
Application number: CN96192510A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 桥本与太郎
Original assignee: Eiwa Co Ltd
Current assignee: Eiwa Co Ltd
Priority date: 1995-02-02
Filing date: 1996-01-31
Publication date: 1998-04-08

Abstract

A mixture of a methylene chloride solution as a halogen-containing solvent with water is put in a treatment tank to generate vapors. The generated methylene chloride vapor, water vapor, and occasionally surfactant vapor penetrate into a waste synthetic resin film W. When the interior of the treatment tank T is evacuated, chloride ions (Cl-)and methylene free radicals (-CH2-) generated from the vapors exhibit an oxidative effect for a longer time more strongly than usual. This breaks a long-chain hydrocarbon molecule constituting the synthetic resin or the like to carbohydrates, alcohols, and water, so that the waste is dissolved or decomposed. Further, harmful components of PCB and fat or oil components of animals, fish and the like are decomposed.

Description

The method and apparatus that waste material is handled

Invention field

The present invention relates to:

A kind of method and apparatus that under the fumigation condition, makes the material forced oxidation, wherein material is to be exposed in the steam of extraordinary mixture;

A kind of method and apparatus that is used to handle the discarded object film of synthetic resin, said resin film for example peasant is widely used as the chamber crop cultivation, the polyvinyl chloride film of purposes such as Fructus Hordei Germinatus cultivation, this method are that film is passed through to handle as the carrene of strong oxidation mixing material and the mixed solution of water in treatment facility;

A kind of method and apparatus is used for removing harmful chlorine from above-mentioned discarded object synthetic resin such as polyvinyl chloride;

A kind of method and apparatus is used to dissolve and decomposes a large amount of synthetic resin from the refuse bag of collecting, and comprises that the discarded film of house refuse or synthetic resin is before incinerating;

A kind of method and apparatus is used to open rubbish or the plant cell membrane and the dissolving water and the grease wherein of sealing, makes the extraction of plant useful component easier or to make rubbish reduce moisture content easier with this.

A kind of method and apparatus that is used to decompose many chlorinations phenylbenzene (PCB), and

A kind ofly be used for removing animal bone, or the method and apparatus of the interior grease of fish body, this method and apparatus is to be used to produce bone meal phosphate fertilizer processing method, comprise a step operation and from livestock or pig bone, remove degrease, or be used to produce the bone powder fodder process, comprise the operation of from the sardine fished in a large number and Spanish mackerel health, removing grease.

The description of relevant technologies

Usually, the conventional method of oxidation material is material is at high temperature heated or to immerse in alkali or the acid solution.

Yet, can not use commonsense method to come the material of oxidation in high temperature heating or immersion solution.

The invention relates to and a kind of steam or gas are penetrated into method in the material, be to carry out in the about 50-150 of low temperature ℃ process tank, and this material is at high temperature to heat or to immerse in the acid-base solution.

And discarded synthetic resin is thin to be to abandon and incinerate in incinerator as general rubbish traditionally.

Yet the film of synthetic resin discarded object is a large amount of, and it belongs to trade waste, and different in kind is in general rubbish.When film of synthetic resin incinerates, can produce a large amount of heat.Can producing chlorine when polyvinyl chloride burns.The processing of film of synthetic resin, expense is too high concerning public enterprise, because of its processing can be quickened the damage of incinerator and cause smoke contamination.

Therefore, some public public institution requires the people who topples over the discarded object film of synthetic resin to pay the expense that the spent resin film is handled.

" PCB " is the general name of Polychlorinated biphenyls, and it is the mixture of chlorination phenylbenzene, has two, three, four, five or six chlorine on the di-phenyl ring.PCB is an easy to handle, because of it is being stable chemically and physically, and is liquid at normal temperatures.Though because of PCB harmful at present need not, it is the insulator as capacitor or transformer usually mostly, perhaps as component of pressure sensing paper or the like.

But the processing that contains the article of PCB still has problems, and detects PCB from the sewage of ground, discharging or mud, is still a common problem.

Because the stability of PCB so will deal with problems and make PCB innoxious, has very big difficulty.

In these cases, people study, and address this problem, and make PCB innoxious.For example PCB being exposed to ultraviolet ray and eliminating murder by poisoning containing on the ground of PCB microorganisms, all is the known method that solves the PCB problem.For example, such technology has been reported among the Japanese Patent Application Publication NO.4-370097.

Also have as the another kind of method that solves and handle PCB, known this technology is made PCB harmless, the insulating oil that is about to contain PCB is put into heating furnace, temperature be lower than 110 ℃ down heating PCB make its evaporation and isolate PCB, and in another high temperature furnace that keeps 1200-1500 ℃ of high temperature, burn PCB gas and the PCB combustion gas solves problem.

This technology can be referring to Japanese Patent Application Publication NO.2-232073.

Also having a kind of usual method, is that pig bone or the ox bone that is used for handling from removing meat removes degrease, and that is bone to be boiled boil.Bone is after treatment clayed into power does the bone meal use.Desirable method is bone to be burned and needn't decoct processing removing degrease, remove degrease and too expend time in because of decocting, and to boil bone is impossible to a great extent.

And, concerning fish, also do not find only to remove the method for degrease, normally fish is being toasted kiln drying, remove the method for degrease, so fish food has fish oil fat.

Thereby under the situation of making fish meal, the processing of fish is difficulty quite, because of the flesh of fish is strong stickum.Because of the existence of fish oil, can not reduce the percentage composition of its moisture content, so there is the problem of rotting easily.And, do not remove the obtained fish-meal of fish oil fat feed ox or pig, problem is that there is fishlike smell in the flesh of fish.

The invention relates to a kind of technology and be used to produce senior fish-meal, it does not almost have fishlike smell.

Summary of the invention

The invention relates to a kind of technology of oxidation material, is under low temperature 50-100 ℃, and generation is permeated with the gas that is full of process tank from the gas of the mixture of dichloromethane solution and water, with replacement material is immersed in the solution.

The invention provides a kind of method and apparatus, be used for fusing, compression and solidify the thin discarded object of synthetic resin becoming solid state, accomplish free from environmental pollutionly with minimum expense, people abandon that film of synthetic resin is that rubbish then will burn, landfill and will bear disposal cost.

The present invention dissolves the film of synthetic resin refuse and compress before burning, and method is to use the chlorion (Cl of generation from the mixed vapour of carrene steam and water vapour ^-) or the methylene free radical (strong oxidation CH2-) becomes material transition solid or liquid as fuel like this.

The present invention is dissolving and compression film of synthetic resin discarded object, and these film major parts are to cultivate as vinyl plastics greenhouse cultivation or Fructus Hordei Germinatus film, by said method material transition are become little solid.And when the synthetic resin of discarded film was chloride synthetic resin such as polyvinyl chloride, the present invention at first decomposed harmful chlorine wherein, can not produce chlorine just make like this with the rear film discarded object when the incineration process.

The film of synthetic resin discarded object can shorten the life expectancy time of incinerator, because of it can produce the high temperature toxic gas in stove when burning.And, burn and need expend a lot of times fully, so the modulus of cremation facilities (intensity) descends.

The present invention has eliminated the above-mentioned shortcoming of prior art.

The invention relates to a kind of method that can handle discarded object with low expense effectively, be to reach the steam of the mixed solution generation of adding surface agent solution occasionally from dichloromethane solution, water, infiltrate at low temperatures in the film of synthetic resin discarded object, dissolve, decompose and compress synthetic resin with this.

Contain synthetic resin material in a large amount of house refuses, such as refuse bag itself, bottle of the package of daily dish, Dinner pail (dish), polyester or the like.Utilize magnet etc. can from rubbish, isolate metal material at an easy rate, but from rubbish, be difficult to isolate synthetic resin.

The invention relates to the synthetic resin that a kind of method and apparatus is used for dissolving and extracting rubbish, be to use the chlorion strong oxidation that from the mixed vapour of carrene steam and steam, produces, like this synthetic resin that extracts be refined into burnt fuel in incinerator.

Water and the grease composition in rubbish or the plant can also be easily dissolved and extract in the present invention, and its method is by the infiltration dichloromethane solution, and water and the mixed solution steam that also adds surface agent solution etc. occasionally are in rubbish or plant, and the cell membrane of opening plant.

The commonsense method of handling PCB is expensive high, and can not make whole PCB innoxious fully.And, because its processing itself can not acquire an advantage, so that the treatment technology of PCB is failed is developed.

The invention provides the method for a kind of combined treatment PCB, wherein whole PCB oxidized a period of times in a K cryogenic treatment jar, oxidation is with chlorion (Cl ^-) strong oxidation come instead of part to handle as be exposed in the ultraviolet light.This method can reduce the loss of chloro-hydrocarbons solution and chloro-hydrocarbons solution is reduced, thereby PCB can obtain decomposing under low expense in public utility.

Also there is not to find from fish or animal bone, to extract the method for fat routinely, yet the present invention relates to a kind ofly make that by being exposed to carrene and water " supercritical fluid " state of oxidation becomes steam strongly, this steam is a dichloromethane solution, and water and the purpose that has surface agent solution to produce under low temperature, high pressure once in a while are successfully to extract fat from animal bone and fish.

The accompanying drawing summary

Fig. 1 is the essential structure flow chart of the method and apparatus of film of synthetic resin offal treatment among expression the present invention;

Fig. 2 is that each process in the film of synthetic resin discarded object method and the chart of step are handled in explanation, with valve mechanism " opening " (ON) and " pass " (OFF) indicate;

Fig. 3 is process tank T, lid 22, and dress platform 26 side views;

Fig. 4 is that expression film of synthetic resin discarded object W is placed on the state on the loading platform 26 and enters the side view of closed processes jar T;

Fig. 5 is the cross sectional elevation of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is illustrated in to handle the side view of the state that back film of synthetic resin discarded object comes out from process tank T;

Fig. 7 is the cross sectional elevation of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is that expression is according to the present invention's curve map that chlorine reduces when the method and apparatus of polyvinyl-chloride use processing waste material is handled;

Fig. 9 is that expression contains the state cross sectional elevation that the discarded object w of synthetic resin material m is placed on the platform 26 and handles;

Figure 10 is illustrated in the state cross sectional elevation that the PCB solution in the container is positioned on the platform 26 and handles.

Figure 11 is that expression fish, animal bone or analog etc. are placed on the platform 26 and the cross sectional elevation of handling.

Implement the best approach of the present invention

Below, will be illustrated an embodiment.

In the present invention, dichloromethane solvent solution Me is used as halogenated solvent solutions will and a kind of chloride solution.

Yet halogenated solvent solutions will or chloride are not limited only to dichloromethane solvent solution M, also can be trichloro-ethylenes, 1,1, and 1-trichloro-ethylene, tetrachloro-ethylene etc.Dichloromethane solvent solution Me is used as an embodiment of halogenated solvent solutions will or chloride solution:

Alkane in the said dichloro (methylene chloride) is used chemical formula CH ₂Cl ₂A kind of material of expressing and have molecular weight 84.93.This material also uses two other English synonym title " dichloromethane " and " dichloromethylene " sometimes, but adopted name is " methylene chloride ".Its boiling point and fusing point are respectively 40.4 ℃ and-96.8 ℃.

Surface agent in the mixture of adding dichloromethane solvent solution Me and water Wa, be divided into anionic, cationic, nonionic and amphoteric, anionic surfactant is alkyl sodium sulfate, sulphonamide sodium, the secondary sodium alkyl of sulfuric acid, sulfonic alkyl sodium, sulfonic acid amides sodium, alkyl sodium sulfate naphthalene sodium etc.

Cationic surface agent is acetate amine salt, alkyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, dialkyl methyl ammonium chloride, halogenated alkyl pyridine, zephiran etc.

Amphoteric surface's agent has carboxylic acid type, sulfonic acid type and sulfuric acid type.

In the nonionic surface agent, comprise the polyethylene glycol oxide alkyl phenol, polyethylene glycol oxide fatty alcohol, polyethylene glycol oxide aliphatic acid, polyoxyethylene olefin(e) acid acid amides, polyethylene glycol oxide fatty amine, and polypropylene glycol.

In the present invention, along with alkalescence strengthens and Cl ₂Be more prone to produce, and in order to prevent Cl ₂Produce, adopting the polyethylene glycol oxide alkyl phenol in pure system is effectively, because of the latter is to the metastable nonionic surface agent of bronsted lowry acids and bases bronsted lowry.Some anionics and cationic surface agent also are effective.

Fig. 1 is the basic composition flow chart that the method and apparatus of waste material is handled in expression;

Fig. 2 opens (ON) and closes the chart that (OFF) indicating mode is illustrated in each process in the method for handling waste material with valve mechanism;

Fig. 3 is process tank T, the side view of lid 22 and loading platform 26;

Fig. 4 is that expression discarded object film of synthetic resin W is placed on the platform 26 and enters the side view of the jar T state of sealing;

Fig. 5 is the cross sectional elevation of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is the side view of the state that the synthetic village membrane of lipoprotein W of expression discarded object comes out from jar T after processing;

Fig. 7 is the cross sectional elevation identical with Fig. 6.

Referring to Fig. 3,4,5,6 and 7, the jar T that has addressed above equipment structure of the present invention comprises, lid 22 and loading platform 26.Process tank T is configured to a kind of pressure vessel, and the degree of pressure of considering the degassing is up to 50 holders (Torr) and reclaim the present invention and handle that needed carrene needs vacuum 200 holders in the discarded object method and apparatus, so the adaptation of process tank palpus stand above-mentioned degree of pressure.

Lid 22 is device front sides at container, and becomes integral body textural with loading platform 26.Platform 24 is to move on the track 24 that is provided with in process tank, and lid 22 also is to move on the track 24 below lid is supported part 23, thereby all supports that with lid part 23 is whole mobile.

Film of synthetic resin discarded object W is the object that needs processing to handle, and when it is infected with earth and when breakage has been torn up, is placed on the platform 26, platform 26 can retreat and advances with lid 22 integral body.Chlorion (Cl ^-) or methylene free radical (CH ₂-) can easily permeate the whole discarded object film of synthetic resin W that torn up.

When platform 26 is pushed into and remains on the inner space of process tank T, after lid 22 seals and can not move again it near process tank T, just exerted pressure in the inside of jar.

Heating/cooling tube 20 is the interior bottom portion that are arranged in process tank T, and the steam of 100 degree Celsius is supplied with by boiler B when needs heat.When needing cooling, but the water in the feeding cold water jar 18.The mixed solution of carrene and water can inject process tank T, at this moment or after this is transformed into mist in the preparation jar.Among the represented embodiment, this mixture is transfused to process tank T under the situation that keeps liquid in Fig. 1.

This mixed solution under the situation that keeps liquid, is injected among the process tank T, and the liquid level of injection (level) is to make 20 submergences of heating/cooling tube, and the steam that with temperature is 100 degrees centigrade then is from boiler B input heating/cooling tube 20.At this moment the carrene that not only has 40 ℃ of boiling points, and also have water, all be transformed into steam.Why steam and carrene steam are wanted charging simultaneously, and reason just is to promote that the carrene steam infiltrates the inside of discarded object film of synthetic resin W.

In the present invention, shown in Fig. 5 and 7, the mixed solution of carrene, water and surface agent does not reach the level that is higher than below the loading platform 26, thereby film of synthetic resin discarded object W not impregnated in the mixed solution, even does not touch high liquid level (HLL).

Method of the present invention is decided by the fumigation method fully, and film of synthetic resin discarded object W infiltrates its inside with mixed solution steam to handle therein.

Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 are illustrated in the state of handling the synthetic resin discarded object that takes out the back.Discarded object film of synthetic resin W is placed on the platform 26, is compressed into solid state on the surface of platform 26.The discarded object film of synthetic resin W that had handled can tear and act as a fuel and burn in combustion furnace or incinerator, perhaps decomposes by pyrolysis and distillation and be transformed into fuel oil.

Consult Fig. 1, this figure will describe the basic composition of inventive method and equipment.

As a kind of equipment, its primary clustering is process tank T and mixed solution jar 14, and wherein the mixed solution of carrene, water and surface agent is dropped in the mixed solution jar 14.The boiler B that the front has been addressed is used to the mixed solution of vaporizing, and a compressor C is used for supply pressure, is for the mixed solution among the process tank T is sent back to mixed solution jar 14 after finishing processing.

The operation of vavuum pump P is after compressor C forced discharge mixed solution, reaches the carrene steam of discarded object film of synthetic resin W inside in order to absorb still to be detained in process tank T inner space.The carrene steam that is absorbed can not be discharged into the atmosphere, and at this moment cools off in condenser 16 and liquefaction, and sends back in the mixed solution jar 14 by condenser tube 21.One cooler 15 is the cold water that is used for cooling off in this condenser 16.Filter 19 is for elimination impurity, for example the dust in the mixed solution of being forced to release from process tank T by compressor C.Cold water tank 17 is cooling water storage tanks, and mixed solution steam is used to liquefy.

Some magnetic valves (Solenoid Valve) are installed in each position.The make of these magnetic valves, should be able to press fixed interval by automaton opens and closes, and can operate automatically, as shown in Figure 2, be to instruct such as " degasification " " mixed solution charging ", " processing " according to step, " mixed solution cooling ", " sending mixed solution back to jar ", " reclaiming mixed solution steam " and " reclaiming the mixed solution in the condenser ".Simultaneously, compressor machine C, boiler B, vavuum pump P and cooler 15 all drive automatically and stop.Generally speaking, put Shi Lizhong in this reality, the weight mixing ratio of carrene and water is defined as 4: 1.Temperature among the process tank T is about 80 ℃.A cycle period of processing procedure of the present invention is finished in 24 hours by design.

In Fig. 2, represented to handle in the method and apparatus of film of synthetic resin discarded object the state of magnetic valve in each step.In " degasification " step, be to drive vavuum pump.Magnetic valve has also been opened, and it in the line vavuum pump P is connected to condenser 16 and another valve 3 makes condenser 16 and process tank T adapt to UNICOM.Other magnetic valve is Close All then.Like this, vacuum is caused in the inner space of process tank T, and vacuum is about 50 holders, and the air in film of synthetic resin discarded object W just is discharged from.

Then, in " mixed solution charging " step, magnetic valve 4 (being used for process tank T of UNICOM and mixed solution jar 14) is opened, and all the other each valve Close Alls.Like this, mixed solution just flows into the inside of process tank T, in order that the liquid level in the mixed solution jar can be concordant with the liquid level in the process tank T, the position of installing because of these two jars approximately is in same horizontal plane.

In " processing " step, the magnetic valve between boiler B and process tank T and make process tank T be suitable for being opened, and all the other valve Close Alls with another magnetic valve 9 of drainpipe UNICOM.Just import heating/cooling tube 20 from the high-temperature steam of boiler B like this, the mixed solution among the process tank T just changes over carrene steam, water vapour, surface agent steam, so that infiltration film of synthetic resin discarded object W.In " processing " step, proceed about 8-24 hour.The time of this process can change with the temperature of process, synthetic resin kind etc.

In " mixed solution cooling " step, when being used to connect valve 10 that the magnetic valve 8 of cold water tank 18 and process tank T and another be used to connect process tank T and cooling tank 17 and opening, all the other valve Close Alls.Like this, just by the inside of heating/cooling tube 20, process tank T temperature inside drops to below 40 ℃ cold water, and promptly below the boiling point of carrene, carrene steam and water vapour just become liquid conversely herein.

" mixed solution returns in the jar " step can be described below.In the case, open magnetic valve 2 and emit air among the process tank T, when another magnetic valve 5 below process tank T and the magnetic valve 6 of compressor C of UNICOM and process tank T are opened, but drive compression machine C like this.On the other hand, all be opened at the magnetic valve 12 of 14 in filter 19 and mixed solution jar and the valve 13 that makes mixed solution jar 14 feed atmosphere.Then, pressure to a certain degree acts on the inside of process tank T, forces the mixed vapour of liquefaction to turn back to mixed solution jar 14.

" recovery of mixed solution in jar " step can be described below.In the case, drive vavuum pump P.Open the magnetic valve of vavuum pump P of UNICOM and condenser 16 and the valve 3 of UNICOM's condenser 16 and process tank T, close all the other valves.Under this state, be present in the carrene steam among the process tank T and infiltrate the synthetic carrene of weighing membrane of lipoprotein discarded object W, obtain reclaiming by vavuum pump P.In the case, the vacuum of process tank T inside just drops to about 200 holders.

In " recovery of the mixed solution in the condenser " step, open another magnetic valve 11 of the magnetic valve 2 that communicates with atmosphere and UNICOM's condenser tube 21 and mixed solution jar 14.Like this, remain in mixed solution such as carrene in the condenser tube of condenser 16, just turn back in the mixed solution jar 14.After 24 hours, a series of above-mentioned some steps have so just been finished.

Consult Fig. 5 and Fig. 7, described the process tank T internal structure part of handling in the operation here.Heating/cooling tube 20 is the bottoms that are installed in process tank T inside, and platform 26 is arranged at the top of said heating/cooling tube 20.Film of synthetic resin discarded object W is positioned on the platform 26.

Water Wa, the mixture of surface agent solution S and dichloromethane solution Me is injected among the process tank T, makes the level (liquid level) of mixture solution be higher than the top of heating/cooling tube 20, yet but is lower than the level that discarded object film of synthetic resin W immerses solution on the platform 26.

Have the water Wa and the surface agent solution S of proportion 1.00 and 1.04 respectively, approximately be in identical liquid level, latter S is dissolved among the former Wa and becomes one, and has formed one deck " water Wa+ surface agent solution S " like this, as Fig. 5 and shown in Figure 7.In contrast to this, have proportion 1.33 and the dichloromethane solution that can not be dissolved in water Wa, under " water Wa+ surface agent solution S " aspect, formed other one deck.

When being steam heated to 160 ℃, input heating/cooling tube 20, pipe 20 are to be installed in " water Wa+ surface agent S " layer, rise in heating/cooling tube 20 peripheral part temperature.Heating/cooling tube 20 is installed in " water W _a+ surface agent solution S " in the layer,, rise soon than the temperature of other parts so that near the aspect part of heating/cooling tube 20.

When the temperature of heating/cooling tube 20 rose gradually and reaches about 40 ℃, dichloromethane solution Me just was heated and reaches its boiling point, becomes carrene steam, be separated into some steam bubbles, by water Wa+ surface agent solution S " layer, and touch discarded object film of synthetic resin W, so just osmotic membrane W.

In usually film of synthetic resin discarded object W handles, handle operation and keep such state: mixed solution is heated to 50 ℃ and carrene steam just by the mixed solution of water and surface agent S, spreads to film of synthetic resin discarded object W.

Under so discarded reluctant situation of film of synthetic resin W, mixed solution is heated to about 100 ℃, makes water W _aBe transformed into steam again with the surface agent solution S, add in the carrene and go.

Discarded film of synthetic resin W is by the chlorion (CI that produces from carrene steam of the present invention and water vapour ^-) and methylene free radical (CH ₂-) institute's oxidation and fusing.

The temperature range of heating mixed solution is 50-150 ℃, like this chlorion (CI ^-) and methylene free radical (CH ₂-) can produce at low temperatures, treatment temperature has just reduced.Discarded film of synthetic resin W just can handle without high-temperature roasting.

Mixed weight between carrene and the water is about 1: 1 to 4: 1 than selected, can produce the chlorion (CI of optimum state like this ^-) and methylene free radical (CH ₂-).

In addition, the surface agent solution S in the carrene steam tracing, infiltrates film of synthetic resin discarded object W simultaneously.So, the decomposition of synthetic resin and remove just and strengthened.

The surface agent solution S of mixing with the carrene steam, the pore membrane by discarded film of synthetic resin W has been strengthened the decomposition of synthetic resin.

And, water vapour and surface agent just permeate before the infiltration of carrene steam, discarded film of synthetic resin W causes vacuum at process tank T internal gettering, carrene steam just can infiltrate discarded film of synthetic resin W and form such state like this, promptly the air in discarded object film of synthetic resin W can therefrom be extracted out, and correspondingly carrene steam just can more in depth permeate.

Like this, carrene steam just can easily permeate discarded film of synthetic resin and make its oxidation.

A large amount of carrene steam can produce at low temperatures, and the inside of process tank T is not needed high-temperature process.

Should mention in passing, when said carrene Me passes through water Wa and surface agent solution S, from carrene, produce CI ₂(chlorine) just is absorbed among the water Wa, at this moment will be controlled chlorine to be produced more in case to the adverse effect of processing procedure.

If the weight mixing ratio between dichloromethane solution, water and the surface agent is defined as 5: 4.5: 0.5, just the highest effect of the chlorine that can be removed.

Like this, because the mixed solution of water Wa, surface agent S and carrene is heated/heat treated of cooling tube 20, enter the inside of process tank T so the steam of carrene Me evaporates after by water Wa and surface agent solution S, thereby make CI ₂Just reduced.

Oxidized and lysed film of synthetic resin discarded object W still are retained on the platform 26 or from the platform upthrow.Lysed film of synthetic resin discarded object W has become solid state, and after loading platform 26 withdrawed from, its volume only was 1/10th original sizes.This solid is dropped in an incinerator or the stove as solid fuel.

Dissolved and compressed film of synthetic resin W according to the present invention, can take out and by heating for dissolving, oily component is wherein clarified separator with one and separated at an easy rate in batches.This resin solid is identical with kerosene stock, can burn, and can produce electric energy or pass through combustion heat supplying as the fuel of incinerator or by burning.

Handle the method and apparatus of discarded film of synthetic resin according to the present invention, can handle chloride synthetic resin film such as polyvinyl chloride, based on the method, chlorine can reduce to 1/10th.Therefore the generation of chlorine seldom and can not pollute when solid after handling or liquid burning.

The other embodiment of the method and apparatus of handling other materials is described according to Fig. 9 to 11 below.

Fig. 9 represents that discarded object W wherein mixes and has synthetic resin material m to be loaded in the state of handling on the loading platform 26.

Figure 10 represents that a container that loads PCB solution is placed on the state of handling on the loading platform 26.

Figure 11 represents that fish, animal bone etc. are placed on the state of handling on the loading platform 26.

They are all identical aspect processing, carry out fumigation and processing with steam and the water Wa steam of dichloromethane solvent solution Me, though the material on platform 26 has nothing in common with each other.

Mix in the method and apparatus of the discarded object W that synthetic resin material m is arranged in processing, as shown in Figure 9, carrene steam and water vapour infiltrate to mix the discarded object of synthetic resin W, dissolve synthetic resin with this, and form a kind of state promptly the synthetic resin in discarded object W be dissolved out easily, like this, as long as synthetic resin is arranged such as before burning away the refuse, separating easily in the rubbish by treatment process of the present invention such as refuse bag, PETG (polyester) bottle, daily food packing box, plastics package product, plastic containers etc.

In dichloromethane solution, add surface agent, can promote dichloromethane solution rapidly to vaporize, and obtain strong oxidation at low temperatures.And surface agent can also promote the synthetic resin of stripping and decomposition from rubbish to flow, and so just can shorten the processing time in process tank T.

And, the surface agent that mixes with water and dichloromethane solution, can promote dichloromethane solution and water to vaporize at low temperatures, water is normally in 100 ℃ of vaporizations of temperature, yet but can vaporize at low temperatures owing to added surface agent, thereby in 50-150 ℃ temperature range, can access sufficiently high pressure, the high temperature that needs not exceed 150 ℃ like this obtains high pressure.

Be easy to generate chlorion (CI ^-) and methylene free radical (CH ₂-), and the time can prolong up to eliminating with chemical integrated approach owing to before processing, produce the result of carrene steam under vacuum in process tank or the low pressure, can keep strong oxidation with this with the vavuum pump degasification.

Heating temperature range 50-150 ℃ of mixture solution just can produce chlorion (CI at low temperatures ^-) and methylene free radical (CH ₂-), and stop to mix the discarded object of synthetic resin W loss is arranged.

Further, carrene steam and water vapour infiltrate rubbish or plant, just can dissolve their organic cell tissue, thereby cause a kind of state to make elite and the easy stripping of grease composition of plant.Therefore, the elite of plant extracts easily, and under the situation of disposal of refuse, water and grease can easily be separated from fiber, and the time ratio commonsense method of fermentation process can shorten greatly like this.

Again further, because Wa, the mixture of surface agent solution S and dichloromethane solution Me makes, and carrene Me gas is supplied with discarded object W, as rubbish or plant, as the CI of HCI composition after by water Wa and surface agent solution S layer ₂Be absorbed in the water, unlikely destruction rubbish or plant W are because of CI ₂The speed that produces slows down.Cause negative pressure or vacuum by decompression in process tank T, carrene gas can easily be absorbed and reclaim.After carrene reclaimed, the structure of plant did not wreck among rubbish or the discarded object W.

The recovery of carrene gas can promptly and fully realize, and can be used further to cooling or liquefaction process.Like this, the consumption of dichloromethane solution Me and disposal cost can reduce.

The temperature range of heating mixture solution is from 50 ℃ to 150 ℃, can easily extract the natural elite of plant and do not change the chemical constitution of these elite, thereby plant essence is safe, can be used as healthy food.And, can reduce the heat that needs.

The method of decomposed P CB of the present invention shown in Figure 10 can demonstrate following effect:

Usually, PCB is exposed to ultraviolet light or heat-treats being higher than under 1200 ℃ the high temperature, just can obtain decomposing, yet the mixed solution of recyclable in the present invention dichloromethane solution that utilizes again and water is to heat near under the room temperature being lower than 100 ℃, so just can produce chlorion (CI ^-) strong oxidation, with the strand of this decomposed P CB, because of decomposed P CB can not increase expense, so the expense of handling is lower.

According to above-mentioned method of removing oil in fish or the animal bone or fat of the present invention, as shown in figure 11, demonstrated following effect:

From fish or animal bone, remove and deoil or the effect of fat utilizes carrene and water to finish, make carrene liquefaction by cooling then and from water and lubricant component, separate, thereby the expense of carrene can reduce, and carrene can not pollute grease and drainage system simultaneously.

And carrene can easily reclaim after processing, can be used as solvent solution again, so disposal cost can reduce.

Because treatment temperature low (50-150 ℃), fish or animal bone among the discarded object W are baked, as the not decline of nutritive value of bone meal or fish meal.Because handling is to carry out at low temperatures and under the not too high pressure, so the energy consumption cost of handling also can reduce.

In about 20 hour short time, the every batch of discarded object W animal bone or fish just major part obtain handling, and according to this point, those are ignored usually and remove animal bone or the fish that grease is just burnt, and nowadays but can be easy to obtain handle with low cost.Reduced discarded object W like this, and animal bone class and fish W utilized effectively as a kind of resource, yet these had been incinerated usually in the past.

Usually, pig bone, ox bone etc. all are ground into powder, but do not remove lubricant component fully, thereby these bone meal rot to give out a foul smell because of there being grease easily.According to the processing that the present invention removes degrease, just can make high-purity bone meal and a kind of high-grade phosphate fertilizer is provided.

Also have, fish is not normally removed lubricant component wherein as fish-meal after oven dry, thereby remain with fishlike smell.So such problem occurs, also have a fish like smell in ox of raising with fish meal or the meat of pig.In the present invention, the fishlike smell of fish meal is inhibited by remove lubricant component from fish, and therefore, fish meal can be used as senior fish meal and sells.

Furthermore, animal fat and fish oil, can most of extract from animal bone or fish, so that extract the material useful to human body from animal fat and fish oil, extraction can be used as medicine such as DHA, six carbon 5 alkene acids (hexapentaenolc acid) etc.Therefore, think in the past and useless animal fat and fish oil also can effectively utilize now.

And animal bone or fish W normally pulverize, and after this boil to boil and filter and extract animal fat or fish oil, yet according to the present invention, have only lubricant component to extract from animal bone or fish, and extract its original form of back maintenance.Thereby animal fat or fish oil, can extract by easy operation.

Industrial applicibility

According to the present invention, water and dichloromethane solution are as halogenated solvent solutions will or chlorinated solvents solution, with its mixing be positioned in the process tank, so that generation steam, and make dichloromethane solvent steam, water vapour and the accidental discarded film of synthetic resin W of steam infiltration that also has the surface agent solvent, the chlorion (CI that is produced by the steam of process tank vacuum inside then^-) and methylene free radical (CH₂-), producing strong oxidation, the time ratio commonsense method is longer, like this dissolving or branch Separate synthetic resin, the long-chain of division synthetic resin alkyl molecule, and be converted into carbohydrate, Alcohol and water. With this, harmful PCB component, the grease compositions of Animal Bone or fish etc. all dissolve And decomposition.

In the method and apparatus of the film of synthetic resin that treatment in accordance with the present invention is discarded, surfactant Solvent solution is to sneak in carrene and the water, and so said surface agent solvent vapo(u)r is after dissolving Flow out easily and isolate synthetic resin. The surface agent solvent solution is sneaked into dichloromethane solution and water In, can produce steam at low temperatures, so just reduced treatment temperature, thereby discarded object synthetic resin Film W need not to carry out high temperature and bakes.

Carrene steam of the present invention, water vapour, and also have occasionally the surface agent solvent vapo(u)r, infiltrate discarded object polyvinyl chloride W, the chlorion (CI that from process tank vacuum steam inside, produces then^-) and methylene free radical (CH₂-), just consumingly with longer time ground (than common side Method) produces oxidation, such Dissolution and dissociation synthetic resin, the molecule long-chain of synthetic resin alkyl Division, and be converted into carbohydrate, alcohol and water.

In the method and apparatus of processing polyvinyl chloride wastes of the present invention, the surface agent solvent solution is Sneak in dichloromethane solution and the water, so said surface agent solvent vapo(u)r becomes after dissolving easily From chlorine, separate and fusing. The surface agent solvent solution is sneaked in dichloromethane solution and the water, at low temperature Under can produce various steam, can reduce treatment temperature like this, so polyvinyl chloride wastes W need not Bake. Chlorion (the CI that from carrene steam and water, produces^-) and methylene free radical (CH₂-), can oxidation and dissolving polyvinyl chloride wastes W, after this, polyvinyl chloride W just from Fall down on the platform 26. At this moment lysed polyvinyl chloride wastes W has been transformed into solid, namely works as When platform 26 stretches out from process tank. By dissolving and compression, the volume of discarded object becomes original volume / 10th sizes. This solid can drop into incinerator or combustion furnace as solid fuel.

According to the present invention, the polyvinyl chloride wastes after dissolving and the compression can separately extract and heat branch Separate, after this only extract oil component, can be used as like this fuel identical with kerosene, also can be used as rubbish The fuel of high temperature furnace is perhaps produced electric energy by burning, perhaps passes through combustion heat supplying.

Moreover measured all chemical elements according to qualitative analysis, as shown in Figure 8, find that chlorine reduces to Originally 1/10th, this is to process polychlorostyrene second as chloride synthetic resin film such as polyvinyl-chloride use the present invention After the method and apparatus of alkene discarded object is processed. Compellent is to form discarded polyvinyl chloride and become The chlorine that divides is by chlorion (CI^-) and methylene free radical (CH₂-) carburation by evaporation and dissolving, this After act on water, be transformed into hydrochloric acid etc., and be recycled in the mixed solution.

Therefore, when the solid of processing or liquid burning, the chlorine of generation seldom.

Carrene steam of the present invention, water vapour and the steam that also has occasionally surface agent infiltrate the rubbish that is mixed with synthetic resin, and the chlorion (CI that steam produces from the process tank inner vacuum^-) and methylene free radical (CH₂-), can produce the oxygen that splits by force in the long period (than usual method) Turn usefulness into, so just Dissolution and dissociation synthetic resin with the cracking of synthetic resin alkyl strand, and is incited somebody to action It is transformed into carbohydrate, alcohol and water, and remaining rubbish.

Chlorion (CI by carrene steam of the present invention and water vapour generation^-) and methylene free radical (CH₂-), oxidation and dissolved only a part of synthetic resin m, and drop from platform 26 Get off. Lysed synthetic resin m does not exist with dichloromethane solution, water and surface agent solvent solution Chemically combination is just being placed, after this synthetic resin m just easily separation and extraction come out.

And chlorion is to infiltrate through to a certain degree Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), because of chlorion (CI^-) osmosis very strong, by stirring PCB solution, most of PCB solution oxidized and The PCB chain is transformed into the dregs of pure state. Therefore, PCB can be transformed into harmless material.

Claims

1. one kind is used to handle the method and apparatus that expect in the village, it is characterized in that the mixed solution of material and halogenated solvent solutions will and water is sealed in the air-tightness inside of a process tank, said mixed solution is heated, generation also has been full of halogenated solvent steam and water vapour, makes material by said steam oxidation.

2. one kind is used to handle the method and apparatus that expect in the village, it is characterized in that the mixed solution of material and chlorine solvent solution and water is sealed in the air-tightness inside of a process tank, said mixed solution is heated, chlorine solvent steam and water vapour produce and are full of wherein, make material by more said steam oxidations.

3. method and apparatus that is used to handle material, it is characterized in that the mixed solution of material and dichloromethane solution and water is sealed in the air-tightness inside of a process tank, said mixed solution is heated, and carrene steam and water vapour produce and be full of wherein, makes material by more said steam oxidations.

4. a kind of method and apparatus that is used to handle material described in claim 1-3, wherein said process tank is to use the vavuum pump degasification, and processing is under low pressure begun.

5. a kind of method and apparatus that is used for oxidation material described in claim 1-3, wherein said mixed solution are to heat in the temperature between 50 ℃ and 150 ℃.

6. method and apparatus that is used to handle such as waste material, it is characterized in that dichloromethane solution and water mix, mixed solution is heated, carrene steam and water vapour generation also are full of processing, be sealed with the film of synthetic resin discarded object in jar, so that dissolve and compress said film of synthetic resin discarded object.

7. a kind of method and apparatus that is used to handle the film of synthetic resin discarded object as claimed in claim 6, wherein said mixed solution is heating between 50 ℃ and 150 ℃ of temperature.

8. a kind of method and apparatus that is used to handle the film of synthetic resin discarded object as claimed in claim 6, dichloromethane solution and water weight ratio between the two are defined as 1: 1 to 4: 1 approximately in the wherein said mixed solution.

9. a kind of method and apparatus that is used to handle such as waste material as claimed in claim 6, wherein said discarded film of synthetic resin is defined as polyvinyl chloride film.

10. a kind of method and apparatus that is used to handle the film of synthetic resin discarded object as claimed in claim 9 wherein removes dechlorination from said polyvinyl chloride film.

11., wherein in said process tank, under low pressure begin afterwards to handle by the vavuum pump degasification as the described a kind of method and apparatus that is used to handle the film of synthetic resin discarded object of claim 6-10.

12. method and apparatus that is used to handle such as waste material, it is characterized in that dichloromethane solution is mixed with water, mixed solution is heated, carrene steam and water vapour produce and are full of in the process tank, the airtight discarded object that contains synthetic resin that is placed with in jar makes steam dissolving or decompose said synthetic resin.

13. a kind of method and apparatus that is used to handle such as waste material as claimed in claim 12, wherein said mixed solution are heating between 50 ℃ to 150 ℃ of temperature.

14. a kind of method and apparatus that is used to handle such as waste material as claimed in claim 12, in the wherein said mixed solution dichloromethane solution and water between the two weight ratio determine to be about 1: 1 to 4: 1.

15. a kind of method and apparatus that is used to handle such as waste material as claimed in claim 12, wherein said mixed solution are heating between 50 ℃ to 150 ℃ of temperature.

16. a kind of method and apparatus that is used to handle such as waste material as claimed in claim 12 wherein under low pressure begins to handle after said process tank is by the vavuum pump degasification.

17. method and apparatus that is used to handle such as waste material, it is characterized in that dichloromethane solution is mixed with water, mixed solution is heated, carrene steam and water vapour produce and are full of in the process tank, be sealed with rubbish or plant in jar, make water and grease in steam dissolving rubbish or the plant cell.

18. a kind of method and apparatus that is used to handle such as waste material as claimed in claim 17, wherein said mixed solution are heating between 50 ℃ to 150 ℃ of temperature.

19. a kind of method and apparatus that is used to handle such as waste material as claimed in claim 17, in the wherein said mixed solution dichloromethane solution and water between the two weight ratio determine to be about 1: 1 to 4: 1.

20. a kind of method and apparatus that is used to handle such as waste material described in claim 17-19, wherein said mixed solution are heating between 50 ℃ to 150 ℃ of temperature.

21. method and apparatus that is used to handle such as waste material, it is characterized in that chloro-carbon solvent solution is mixed with water, mixed solution is heated, and chloro-carbon solvent steam and water vapour produce and be full of in the process tank, be sealed with PCB in jar, thereby steam just decomposes said PCB.

22. a method and apparatus that is used to handle such as waste material is characterized in that dichloromethane solution is mixed with water, mixed solution is heated, and carrene steam and water vapour produce and be full of process tank, are sealed with PCB in jar, makes steam dissolving PCB.

23. a kind of method and apparatus that is used to handle such as waste material described in claim 21-22, wherein making before said mixed solution heating becomes vacuum in the jar, and the temperature of heating mixed solution is defined as 50 ℃ to 150 ℃.

24. method and apparatus that is used to handle such as waste material, it is characterized in that chloro-carbon solvent solution is mixed with water, mixed solution is heated, chloro-carbon solvent steam and water vapour generation also are full of process tank, be sealed with animal bone, fish etc. in jar, make and from said animal bone or fish etc., extract oil or fat component.

25. method and apparatus that is used to handle such as waste material, it is characterized in that dichloromethane solution is mixed with water, mixed solution is heated, generation carrene steam and water vapour also is full of in the process tank, be sealed with animal bone, fish etc. in jar, can extract fat or oil from said animal bone, fish etc. like this.

26. method and apparatus that is used to handle such as waste material, it is characterized in that dichloromethane solution, water and surface agent solution mix mutually, mixed solution is heated, generation carrene steam and water vapour also is full of in the process tank, be sealed with animal bone, fish etc. in jar, make it extract fat or oil from said animal bone, fish etc.

27. as the described a kind of method and apparatus that is used to handle such as waste material of claim 24-26, wherein said process tank is pumped into vacuum before the said mixed solution of heating, the temperature of heating mixed solution is defined as 50 ℃ 150 ℃.

28. a kind of method and apparatus that is used to handle such as waste material described in claim 2426, in the wherein said mixed solution dichloromethane solution and water between the two weight ratio determine to be about 1: 1 to 4: 1.