CN117848162A - Spliced ceramic structure and composite board containing same - Google Patents

Spliced ceramic structure and composite board containing same Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117848162A
CN117848162A CN202211211283.5A CN202211211283A CN117848162A CN 117848162 A CN117848162 A CN 117848162A CN 202211211283 A CN202211211283 A CN 202211211283A CN 117848162 A CN117848162 A CN 117848162A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
ceramic structure
composite board
ceramic
layer
spliced
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202211211283.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈国鑫
王浩喆
张相建
顾蒙
于安峰
王鹏
鲍磊
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sinopec National Petrochemical Project Risk Assessment Technology Center Co ltd
China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Sinopec Safety Engineering Research Institute Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Sinopec National Petrochemical Project Risk Assessment Technology Center Co ltd
China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Sinopec Safety Engineering Research Institute Co Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Sinopec National Petrochemical Project Risk Assessment Technology Center Co ltd, China Petroleum and Chemical Corp, Sinopec Safety Engineering Research Institute Co Ltd filed Critical Sinopec National Petrochemical Project Risk Assessment Technology Center Co ltd
Priority to CN202211211283.5A priority Critical patent/CN117848162A/en
Publication of CN117848162A publication Critical patent/CN117848162A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0414—Layered armour containing ceramic material
    • F41H5/0428—Ceramic layers in combination with additional layers made of fibres, fabrics or plastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/14—Layered products comprising a layer of metal next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
    • B32B3/14—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by a face layer formed of separate pieces of material which are juxtaposed side-by-side
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/005—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising one layer of ceramic material, e.g. porcelain, ceramic tile
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/047—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material made of fibres or filaments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/02—Coating on the layer surface on fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/06—Coating on the layer surface on metal layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/26—Polymeric coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/558—Impact strength, toughness

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a spliced ceramic structure and a composite board containing the same. The spliced ceramic structure is spliced by the alumina ceramic blocks and bonded by the first adhesive, has low surface density and high hardness, and can resist continuous multiple broken pieces; the composite board is of a lamellar structure and comprises a main functional layer, a metal back plate layer and a polyurea coating. The main body functional layer comprises a spliced ceramic structure and a tatting panel layer, the spliced ceramic structure is coated by the tatting panel layer in an up-down sandwich mode, the protective performance of shock wave resistance and fragment integration is achieved, the preparation process is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and the novel multifunctional ceramic structure is suitable for large-scale popularization and application.

Description

Spliced ceramic structure and composite board containing same
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of explosion safety protection in the chemical industry field, and particularly relates to a spliced ceramic structure and a composite board containing the spliced ceramic structure.
Background
The chemical industry field is often accompanied with safety problems such as damage, leakage, spontaneous combustion, detonation, material degradation and the like of storage and transportation equipment, and once accidents occur, huge personnel and property losses are extremely easy to cause. However, at present, the protection against explosion in the chemical field mainly adopts a concrete wall for shielding and explosion-proof treatment, the protection against the combined damage effect of shock waves and fragments is very limited, the construction cost is required to be considered in engineering application, and the anti-explosion equipment with higher protection performance is often expensive, so that the method is not beneficial to practical application and popularization. In addition, the anti-explosion material structure with single function can not meet the protection requirement in complex environments. Meanwhile, in the field of explosion safety protection in the chemical industry, the destructive power of shock waves is needed to be considered, and large fragment splashing caused by explosion is also one of important components of a damage source. The research of the former in the field has certain defects: CN201911409216.2 is formed by laminating and compounding a high-strength explosion-proof and bullet-proof panel, a high-strength bulletproof penetration ceramic layer, a buffering and energy-absorbing composite layer, a closed-pore foam buffer layer and a high-strength explosion-proof and bullet-proof backboard, and the scheme has the advantages of complex structure, large overall surface density, high manufacturing cost and no contribution to actual popularization of engineering. CN202111292768.7 adopts a thin layer panel made of aramid fiber cloth, a sandwich panel, the sandwich panel is formed by pasting fiber mesh cloth and upper and lower surfaces of foamed aluminum by using an interface adhesive, the foamed aluminum in the sandwich panel is overlapped together along the thickness direction in a density gradient mode, the fiber mesh cloth is added between adjacent foamed aluminum, and the thin layer panel is pasted on the upper and lower surfaces of the sandwich panel to form an anti-explosion structure of the aramid fiber cloth/net reinforced gradient foamed aluminum plate. The scheme has poor protection effect on the damage of penetration types due to the congenital deficiency of aramid fiber cloth and foamed aluminum. CN202110799852.1 adopts polyborosiloxane, methyl vinyl silicone rubber and vulcanizing agent to prepare the impact-resistant protective material according to a certain proportion, wherein the polyborosiloxane is a supermolecular polymer of Si-O: B dynamic coordination bond and hydrogen bond formed between the ends of Si-O-B (OH) in the structure, and after blending and curing with the methyl vinyl silicone rubber, non-covalent bond in the polyborosiloxane dissociates and dissipates energy under impact, so that the impact resistance of the methyl vinyl silicone rubber is improved, but the scheme cannot resist penetration and explosion damage at all, and the protective effect is not comprehensive. CN202011530525.8 is bonded with the bionic bulge layer by adopting the negative poisson ratio structural layer, has low surface density, high impact strength and good energy absorption and shock absorption, and can resist the combined damage of explosion shock wave and high-speed fragment at the same time. The scheme has the advantages of complex structure, high process requirement and high manufacturing cost, and is unfavorable for practical engineering application. Therefore, the existing explosion-proof material structure has the problems of incomplete protection efficiency, unsatisfactory protection performance, complex structure, large surface density, high process requirement, high manufacturing cost and unfavorable actual popularization and application, and needs to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a spliced ceramic structure and a composite board containing the spliced ceramic structure, which can resist attack of shock waves and large fragments at the same time, has comprehensive protection efficiency, excellent protection performance, simple process, low manufacturing cost and easy practical popularization and application.
One of the present invention provides a tiled ceramic structure comprising a ceramic block and a first adhesive, the sides of any two adjacent ceramic blocks being bonded by the first adhesive.
In a specific embodiment, the ceramic blocks are right prisms;
preferably, the ceramic block is a regular prism;
preferably, the bottom surface of the ceramic block is regular hexagon.
In a specific embodiment, the ceramic block has a bottom side length of 10mm to 100mm and/or a side edge length of 2mm to 30mm;
preferably, the ceramic block has a bottom side length of 30mm to 70mm and/or a side edge length of 2mm to 5mm.
In one specific embodiment, the ceramic block is made of alumina ceramic; and/or
The first adhesive is room temperature vulcanized liquid silicone rubber.
In a specific embodiment, the ceramic block has a Rockwell hardness of 80HRA to 90HRA and/or a density of no more than 3.5g/cm 3 。
In a specific embodiment, in the spliced ceramic structure, the distance between the side surfaces of any two adjacent ceramic blocks is 0.1mm to 1mm;
preferably, the spacing between the sides of any two adjacent ceramic blocks is 0.1mm to 0.5mm.
In a specific embodiment, the thickness of the first adhesive is equal to the spacing between the sides of any two adjacent ceramic blocks.
In a specific embodiment, the spliced ceramic structure is prepared by the following method:
1) Cutting the alumina ceramic to obtain the ceramic block;
2) Uniformly placing the ceramic blocks in a mode of adjacent side surfaces, injecting the first adhesive into a gap between any two adjacent ceramic blocks, and curing (for example, in a normal-temperature environment) to obtain the spliced ceramic structure;
preferably, the alumina ceramic has a Rockwell hardness of 80HRA to 90HRA and/or a density of not more than 3.5g/cm 3 ；
Preferably, the curing time in the step 2) is 24 hours.
In a specific embodiment, the thickness of the first adhesive is equal to the spacing between the sides of any two adjacent ceramic blocks.
The second invention provides a composite board which is of a lamellar structure and comprises a main functional layer, a metal back plate layer and a polyurea coating;
the main functional layer comprises the spliced ceramic structure.
In one embodiment, the metal back plate layer is made of aluminum alloy;
preferably, the metal back plate layer is made of 6063 type aluminum alloy.
In a specific embodiment, the polyurea coating is prepared by the following method:
and spraying the polyurea coating on site to form the polyurea coating.
In a specific embodiment, the thickness of the main functional layer is 3mm to 32mm; and/or
The thickness of the metal back plate layer is 1mm to 5mm; and/or
The thickness of the polyurea coating is 2mm to 6mm.
In a specific embodiment, the thickness of the bulk functional layer is 3.8mm to 7.2mm.
In a specific embodiment, the thickness of the metal backing layer is 1 to 2mm.
In a specific embodiment, the polyurea coating has a thickness of 2.5 to 3mm.
In a specific embodiment, the main body functional layer further comprises a woven panel layer, and the woven panel layer forms an upper sandwich cladding and a lower sandwich cladding on the spliced ceramic structure;
preferably, the woven panel layer is a fiberglass mesh;
preferably, the woven panel layer is alkali-free glass fiber yarn coated with alkali-resistant polymer emulsion.
In a specific embodiment, the thickness of the woven panel layer is 0.5mm to 1.5mm;
and/or
The mesh size of the alkali-free glass fiber yarn is 1cm to 2cm;
preferably, the thickness of the woven panel layer is 0.8mm to 1mm.
In one embodiment, the woven panel layer is prepared by the following method:
respectively coating alkali-resistant polymer emulsion on the upper surface and the lower surface of the alkali-free glass fiber yarn, and drying to obtain the woven panel layer;
preferably, the alkali-resistant polymer emulsion is alkali-resistant polymer emulsion produced by Mashan Runxiang composite materials Co., ltd;
preferably, the temperature of the drying is 40 ℃ to 80 ℃.
In one embodiment, the layers of the composite board are bonded by a second adhesive;
preferably, the second adhesive is an epoxy glue;
preferably, the epoxy resin glue comprises an epoxy resin and a curing agent;
preferably, the mass ratio of the epoxy resin to the curing agent is 2:1;
preferably, the epoxy resin glue is bisphenol a type epoxy resin;
preferably, the curing agent is a fatty polyamine type curing agent;
preferably, the fatty polyamine curing agent is at least one of ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine and triethylenetetramine;
preferably, the thickness of the second adhesive between the layers of the composite board is not more than 0.1mm.
In one embodiment, the composite board is prepared by the following method:
1) Coating the second adhesive on the upper surface and the lower surface of the spliced ceramic structure respectively, and bonding the woven panel layer on the upper surface and the lower surface of the spliced ceramic structure to obtain the main functional layer;
2) Coating the second adhesive on the upper surface of the metal back plate layer, and bonding with the main body functional layer;
3) After the lower surface of the metal back plate layer is subjected to surface smoothing treatment, coating the second adhesive, spraying the polyurea coating on the surface of the second adhesive to form the polyurea coating, and curing (for example, in a normal-temperature environment) to obtain the composite plate;
preferably, the curing time in the step 3) is 72 hours.
The spliced ceramic structure provided by one of the invention or the composite board provided by the two of the invention is applied to explosion safety protection technology, in particular to the application to the explosion safety protection technology in the chemical industry field.
The second invention provides a composite board which has the following action processes when resisting impact waves and broken pieces:
when shock waves and fragments generated by explosion attack, the main body functional layer, the metal back plate layer and the polyurea coating in the composite plate sequentially play roles: the broken sheet and the shock wave are contacted with a main functional layer in the composite board, and a spliced ceramic structure is arranged in the main functional layer, so that the broken sheet is cracked, abraded and passivated, part of energy in the shock wave is dissipated, the split-stop and buffering effects are simultaneously exerted on the tatting panel layer of which the spliced ceramic structure is formed into a sandwich coating, the spliced ceramic structure is restrained and prevented from splashing, and the impact resistance effect of the spliced ceramic structure on the shock wave and the broken sheet is further improved; the broken piece after being partially broken, abraded and passivated passing through the main functional layer is blocked by the metal back plate layer after being contacted with the metal back plate layer, and meanwhile, the metal back plate layer is deformed, so that part of energy of residual shock waves is dissipated; finally, a small part of energy left by the shock wave reaches the polyurea coating tightly adhered to the metal back plate layer to be dissipated, and all layers of the composite plate cooperate to finish the resistance to attack of the shock wave and the fragments under the condition of keeping the structure stable.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
aiming at the problems of incomplete protection efficiency, unsatisfactory protection performance, complex structure, high surface density, high process requirement, high manufacturing cost and unfavorable actual popularization and application of the explosion-proof material structure in the prior art, the invention provides a spliced ceramic structure and a composite board containing the same, and compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1) The spliced ceramic structure provided by the invention has high hardness and low density, and can resist continuous striking of multiple broken pieces;
2) The composite board provided by the invention has high toughness and high strength;
3) The composite board provided by the invention realizes light weight, and the density is not more than 3.5g/cm 3 ；
4) The composite board provided by the invention has the properties of shock wave resistance and large fragment penetration resistance, is comprehensive in protective performance, and can realize comprehensive and effective protection in the protection of buildings occupied by personnel of gas station explosion protection, hydrogenation station explosion protection, petrochemical devices and dangerous chemical devices;
5) The composite board provided by the invention has the advantages of low cost, easy acquisition of raw materials, low cost and easy popularization and application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of a tiled ceramic structure; wherein, 1-2-1-ceramic blocks; 1-2-2-first adhesive.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the functional layer of the body; wherein, 1-1-woven panel layer; 1-2-spliced ceramic structure.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional structural view of a composite board in which a 1-woven panel layer; 2-spliced ceramic structure; 3-a metal backing layer; a 4-polyurea coating; 5-a second adhesive; the 1-woven panel layer and the 2-spliced ceramic structure form a main functional layer.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to the examples, which are merely illustrative of the invention and do not constitute a limitation of the invention in any way.
Example 1
In petrochemical enterprises, gas stations are often located in urban and prosperous zones or are close to surrounding adjacent residential areas, and explosion accidents frequently occur, so that common people are injured and property is damaged, and serious social influence is caused. The composite board provided by the invention can be arranged at the periphery of a unloading area so as to protect fragments and shock waves possibly generated by the explosion accident, reduce the damage range of the accident, achieve the disaster reduction effect and protect the safety of personnel and property. Because the space in the station of the gas station is limited and the blasting load is relatively low, in order to facilitate the operation of staff in the station as much as possible, a light-weight movable protection structure can be adopted, a movable keel bracket is firstly manufactured, and then the composite board provided by the invention is fixed on the keel bracket. Assuming that the protection target in the scene is that the overpressure of the shock wave is 20kPa and the size of the broken piece is not more than 36cm 2 The initial speed of the broken sheet is 100m/s, at this time, the composite board can be designed by adopting a thinner spliced ceramic structure, a polyurea coating and the like, and the composite board is prepared by adopting the following method according to the protection target:
1. alkali-resistant polymer emulsion: alkali-resistant polymer emulsion produced by Mashan Runxiang composite materials Co., ltd;
2. preparing a composite board:
1) According to the protection target, the ceramic blocks in the spliced ceramic structure are determined to be regular hexagonal prisms, the side length of the bottom surface is 40mm, the side edge length is 2mm, and the density is 3.5g/cm 3 Rockwell hardness was 80HRA. The density was set at 3.5g/cm 3 Cutting aluminum oxide ceramic with Rockwell hardness of 80HRA to obtain aluminum oxide ceramic with bottom side length of 40mm, side edge length of 2mm and density of 3.5g/cm 3 Regular hexagonal prism alumina ceramic block with Rockwell hardness of 80 HRA;
2) Arranging the alumina ceramic blocks prepared in the step 1) in a manner shown in fig. 1, wherein the distance between the side surfaces of any two adjacent alumina ceramic blocks is 0.1mm, and injecting room temperature vulcanized liquid silicone rubber into the gaps so as to bond the ceramic blocks, and curing for 24 hours at normal temperature to form a spliced ceramic structure;
3) Selecting woven alkali-free glass fiber yarns with a grid size of 1cm, respectively coating alkali-resistant polymer emulsion on the upper surface and the lower surface of the woven alkali-free glass fiber yarns, and drying at a temperature of 40 ℃ to ensure that the thickness of the alkali-free glass fiber yarns coated with the alkali-resistant polymer emulsion on the upper surface and the lower surface reaches 0.8mm to obtain a woven panel layer;
4) Respectively coating epoxy resin glue obtained by mixing bisphenol A epoxy resin and ethylenediamine according to a mass ratio of 2:1 on the upper surface and the lower surface of the spliced ceramic structure prepared in the step 2) to form a bonding interface, wherein the thickness of the interface is 0.1mm, bonding the woven panel layer prepared in the step 3) on the upper surface and the lower surface of the spliced ceramic structure coated with the epoxy resin glue, and cladding the upper surface and the lower surface in a sandwich manner to form a main functional layer with the thickness of 3.8mm, wherein the cross-section structure of the main functional layer is shown in figure 2;
5) Selecting 6063 aluminum alloy plate with the thickness of 1mm as a metal back plate layer, coating the same epoxy resin glue as that in the step 4) on the upper surface of the metal back plate layer to form a bonding interface, wherein the thickness of the interface is 0.1mm, and bonding the metal back plate layer with a main body functional layer;
6) And (3) carrying out surface smoothing treatment on the lower surface of the metal back plate layer in the step (5), coating the same epoxy resin glue as in the step (4) to form a bonding interface, wherein the thickness of the interface is 0.1mm, and spraying polyurea coating on the bonding interface to form a polyurea coating with the thickness of 2.5 mm. And curing for 7 days at normal temperature after spraying is finished, so that the preparation of the composite board in the scene can be finished, and the cross-section structure of the composite board is shown in figure 3.
FIG. 1 is a top view of the spliced ceramic structure prepared in step 1), wherein 1-2-1 is a ceramic structure having a bottom side length of 40mm, a side edge length of 2mm, and a density of 3.5g/cm 3 Regular hexagonal prism alumina ceramic block with Rockwell hardness of 80 HRA; 1-2-2 is room temperature vulcanized liquid silicone rubber;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the functional layer of the main body prepared in step 4), wherein 1-1 is the woven panel layer prepared in step 3); 1-2 is a spliced ceramic structure prepared in the step 1); 1-3 is a metal backing layer; 4 is a polyurea coating; 5 is epoxy resin glue; the woven panel layer and the spliced ceramic structure form a main functional layer;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the composite board according to the present embodiment, wherein the woven panel layer prepared in step 1) and 3); 2 is the spliced ceramic structure prepared in the step 1); 3 is a metal back plate layer; 4 is a polyurea coating; 5 is epoxy resin glue; the woven panel layer and the spliced ceramic structure form a main functional layer.
In the gas station application scenario, the composite board prepared in this embodiment is fixed on a movable keel bracket and is disposed around the unloading area of the tank truck. When a burning explosion accident occurs in the unloading link of the oil tank truck, the composite board prepared by the embodiment plays the following roles: when shock waves and fragments generated by explosion attack, the main body functional layer, the metal back plate layer and the polyurea coating in the composite plate sequentially play roles: the broken sheet and the shock wave are contacted with a main functional layer in the composite board, and a spliced ceramic structure is arranged in the main functional layer, so that the broken sheet is cracked, abraded and passivated, part of energy in the shock wave is dissipated, the split-stop and buffering effects are simultaneously exerted on the tatting panel layer of which the spliced ceramic structure is formed into a sandwich coating, the spliced ceramic structure is restrained and prevented from splashing, and the impact resistance effect of the spliced ceramic structure on the shock wave and the broken sheet is further improved; the broken piece after being partially broken, abraded and passivated passing through the main functional layer is blocked by the metal back plate layer after being contacted with the metal back plate layer, and meanwhile, the metal back plate layer is deformed, so that part of energy of residual shock waves is dissipated; finally, a small part of energy left by the shock wave reaches the polyurea coating tightly adhered to the metal back plate layer to be dissipated, and all layers of the composite plate cooperate to finish the resistance to attack of the shock wave and the fragments under the condition of keeping the structure stable. The composite board prepared by the embodiment reduces the damage range of fuel tank truck explosion accidents of the fuel station, achieves the disaster reduction effect, and protects the safety of the fuel station and surrounding personnel and property.
Example 2
With the hydrogen energy being brought into the national energy development strategy, the hydrogen addition station is favored because of the outstanding environmental protection and energy conservation advantages, and the construction layout of the hydrogen addition station is accelerated in various places. However, the prior hydrogen adding station belongs to new things, has large explosion risk, serious consequences, wide explosion limit range and lower minimum ignition energy, can cause explosion threat to surrounding buildings, social personnel, staff in stations, operation rooms and the like, has hydrogen leakage risk particularly in the links of discharging, pressurizing, storing hydrogen, filling and the like of the hydrogen adding station, has large instantaneous overpressure once the explosion accident occurs, and is extremely easy to generate domino effect if broken pieces are generated, thereby causing secondary explosion. In the currently established hydrogenation station, effective energy isolation measures are lacking between the gas unloading, pressurizing and hydrogen storage areas and the filling areas, if explosion occurs, impact injury can be caused to social personnel, vehicles and the like in the filling areas, and by combining the hydrogen explosion risk and flame propagation characteristics of the hydrogenation station, a protective wall can be additionally arranged in the middle of the hydrogen explosion risk and the flame propagation characteristics of the hydrogenation station, and the wall adopts a keel bracket form, and the composite board provided by the invention is arranged on one side or two sides of the wall, so that fragments and shock waves possibly generated by explosion accidents are prevented, the accident damage range is reduced, the disaster reduction effect is achieved, and the personnel and property safety is protected. Assuming that the protection target in the scene is that the overpressure of the shock wave is 50kPa and the size of the broken piece is not more than 25cm 2 The initial speed of the broken sheet is 200m/s, and the composite board is prepared by adopting the following method according to the protection target:
1. alkali-resistant polymer emulsion: as in example 1;
2. preparing a composite board:
1) According to the protection target, the ceramic blocks in the spliced ceramic structure are determined to be regular hexagonal prisms, the side length of the bottom surface is 30mm, the side edge length is 5mm, and the density is 3.5g/cm 3 Rockwell hardness was 90HRA. The density was set at 3.5g/cm 3 Cutting the aluminum oxide ceramic with Rockwell hardness of 90HRA to obtain aluminum oxide ceramic with bottom side length of 30mm, side edge length of 5mm and density of 3.5g/cm 3 Regular hexagonal prism alumina ceramic block with Rockwell hardness of 90 HRA;
2) Arranging the alumina ceramic blocks prepared in the step 1) in a manner shown in fig. 1, wherein the distance between the side surfaces of any two adjacent alumina ceramic blocks is 0.1mm, and injecting room temperature vulcanized liquid silicone rubber into the gaps so as to bond the ceramic blocks, and curing for 24 hours at normal temperature to form a spliced ceramic structure;
3) Selecting woven alkali-free glass fiber yarns with a grid size of 1cm, respectively coating alkali-resistant polymer emulsion on the upper surface and the lower surface of the woven alkali-free glass fiber yarns, and drying at 80 ℃ to ensure that the thickness of the alkali-free glass fiber yarns coated with the alkali-resistant polymer emulsion on the upper surface and the lower surface reaches 1mm, thereby obtaining a woven panel layer;
4) Respectively coating epoxy resin glue obtained by mixing bisphenol A epoxy resin and diethylenetriamine according to a mass ratio of 2:1 on the upper surface and the lower surface of the spliced ceramic structure prepared in the step 2) to form a bonding interface, wherein the thickness of the interface is 0.1mm, bonding the woven panel layer prepared in the step 3) on the upper surface and the lower surface of the spliced ceramic structure coated with the epoxy resin glue, and cladding the upper surface and the lower surface with a sandwich to form a main functional layer with the thickness of 7.2mm, wherein the cross-section structure of the main functional layer is shown in figure 2;
5) 2mm thick 6063 aluminum alloy plate is selected as a metal back plate layer, the upper surface of the metal back plate layer is coated with the same epoxy resin glue as in the step 4), a bonding interface is formed, the thickness of the interface is 0.1mm, and the metal back plate layer is bonded with a main body functional layer;
6) And (3) carrying out surface smoothing treatment on the lower surface of the metal back plate layer in the step (5), coating the same epoxy resin glue as in the step (4) to form a bonding interface, wherein the thickness of the interface is 0.1mm, and spraying polyurea coating on the bonding interface to form a polyurea coating, wherein the spraying thickness is 3mm. And curing for 7 days at normal temperature after spraying is finished, so that the preparation of the composite board in the scene can be finished, and the cross-section structure of the composite board is shown in figure 3.
FIG. 1 is a top view of the spliced ceramic structure prepared in step 1), wherein 1-2-1 is a ceramic structure having a bottom side length of 30mm, a side edge length of 5mm, and a density of 3.5g/cm 3 Regular hexagonal prism alumina ceramic block with Rockwell hardness of 90 HRA; 1-2-2 is room temperature vulcanized liquid silicone rubber;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the functional layer of the main body prepared in step 4), wherein 1-1 is the woven panel layer prepared in step 3); 1-2 is a spliced ceramic structure prepared in the step 1); 1-3 is a metal backing layer; 4 is a polyurea coating; 5 is epoxy resin glue; the woven panel layer and the spliced ceramic structure form a main functional layer;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the composite board according to the present embodiment, wherein the woven panel layer prepared in step 1) and 3); 2 is the spliced ceramic structure prepared in the step 1); 3 is a metal back plate layer; 4 is a polyurea coating; 5 is epoxy resin glue; the woven panel layer and the spliced ceramic structure form a main functional layer.
Under the application scene of the hydrogenation station, the composite board prepared by the embodiment can be fixed on a wall body in a keel bracket form on one side or two sides, and is used as a protective wall to be arranged between an air unloading, pressurizing and hydrogen storage area and a filling area of the hydrogenation station. When a hydrogen explosion accident occurs in the hydrogen adding station, the process of the protective wall provided with the composite board prepared by the embodiment between the gas unloading, pressurizing and hydrogen storing area and the filling area is as follows: when shock waves and fragments generated by hydrogen explosion attack, the main body functional layer, the metal back plate layer and the polyurea coating in the composite plate sequentially play roles: the broken sheet and the shock wave are contacted with a main functional layer in the composite board, and a spliced ceramic structure is arranged in the main functional layer, so that the broken sheet is cracked, abraded and passivated, part of energy in the shock wave is dissipated, the split-stop and buffering effects are simultaneously exerted on the tatting panel layer of which the spliced ceramic structure is formed into a sandwich coating, the spliced ceramic structure is restrained and prevented from splashing, and the impact resistance effect of the spliced ceramic structure on the shock wave and the broken sheet is further improved; the broken piece after being partially broken, abraded and passivated passing through the main functional layer is blocked by the metal back plate layer after being contacted with the metal back plate layer, and meanwhile, the metal back plate layer is deformed, so that part of energy of residual shock waves is dissipated; finally, a small part of energy left by the shock wave reaches the polyurea coating tightly adhered to the metal back plate layer to be dissipated, and all layers of the composite plate cooperate to finish the resistance to attack of the shock wave and the fragments under the condition of keeping the structure stable. The protective wall which is arranged between the hydrogen unloading area, the pressurizing area and the hydrogen storage area and is provided with the composite board prepared by the embodiment can effectively block shock waves and broken piece invasion generated by hydrogen explosion, reduce flame propagation in the hydrogen explosion process, reduce the damage range, achieve the disaster reduction effect and protect the safety of the hydrogen loading station, personnel and property around the hydrogen loading station.
Example 3
The characteristics of high temperature, high pressure, high blockage and large-scale petrochemical equipment lead to huge VCE (vapor cloud explosion, vapour cloud explosion) gas explosion energy, often lead to serious damage to important buildings and adjacent tank areas such as peripheral control rooms, external operation rooms, cabinets and the like of the equipment, and are extremely easy to cause massive casualties of personnel in personnel concentration places near the equipment. In the device, except for a central control room and a part of combined device control rooms which adopt an antiknock design, antiknock requirements are basically not considered in the single-service set control room (comprising an office and an external operation room), and an antiknock wall is arranged on one side of the control room facing the device. In case of explosion accident, the serious casualties are very likely to happen. Personnel-concentrated sites that are not currently antiknock designed have been classified as major safety risk areas for regulatory administration by both national and local governments. The improvement of antiknock capability of buildings occupied by petrochemical plants and dangerous chemical plants has become a concern and urgent problem to be solved in the whole society. In order to solve the problem, an anti-explosion wall body can be arranged outside a personnel occupying place, the wall body adopts a square steel keel bracket, and the composite board provided by the invention is arranged on an explosion-facing surface. Assuming that the protection target in the scene is that the overpressure of the shock wave is 6.9kPa and the size of fragments is not more than 100cm 2 The initial speed of the broken sheet is 100m/s, at this time, the composite board can be designed by adopting a thinner spliced ceramic structure, a polyurea coating and the like, and the composite board is prepared by adopting the following method according to the protection target:
1. alkali-resistant polymer emulsion: as in example 1;
2. preparing a composite board:
1) According to the protection target, the ceramic blocks in the spliced ceramic structure are determined to be regular hexagonal prisms, the side length of the bottom surface is 70mm, the side edge length is 2mm, and the density is 3.5g/cm 3 Rockwell hardness was 90HRA. The density was set at 3.5g/cm 3 Rockwell hardness ofCutting 90HRA alumina ceramic to obtain the product with bottom side length of 70mm, side edge length of 2mm and density of 3.5g/cm 3 Regular hexagonal prism alumina ceramic block with Rockwell hardness of 90 HRA;
2) Arranging the alumina ceramic blocks prepared in the step 1) in a manner shown in fig. 1, wherein the distance between the side surfaces of any two adjacent alumina ceramic blocks is 0.5mm, and injecting room temperature vulcanized liquid silicone rubber into the gaps so as to bond the ceramic blocks, and curing for 24 hours at normal temperature to form a spliced ceramic structure;
3) Selecting woven alkali-free glass fiber yarns with a grid size of 2cm, respectively coating alkali-resistant polymer emulsion on the upper surface and the lower surface of the woven alkali-free glass fiber yarns, and drying at 80 ℃ to ensure that the thickness of the alkali-resistant polymer emulsion coated alkali-resistant glass fiber yarns on the upper surface and the lower surface reaches 1mm, thereby obtaining a woven panel layer;
4) The upper surface and the lower surface of the spliced ceramic structure prepared in the step 2) are respectively coated with epoxy resin glue obtained by mixing bisphenol A epoxy resin and triethylene tetramine according to the mass ratio of 2:1 to form a bonding interface, the thickness of the interface is 0.1mm, the tatting panel layer prepared in the step 3) is bonded on the upper surface and the lower surface of the spliced ceramic structure coated with the epoxy resin glue to form a main functional layer with the thickness of 4.2mm, and the cross-section structure of the main functional layer is shown in figure 2;
5) Selecting 6063 aluminum alloy plate with the thickness of 1mm as a metal back plate layer, coating the same epoxy resin glue as that in the step 4) on the upper surface of the metal back plate layer to form a bonding interface, wherein the thickness of the interface is 0.1mm, and bonding the metal back plate layer with a main body functional layer;
6) And (3) carrying out surface smoothing treatment on the lower surface of the metal back plate layer in the step (5), coating the same epoxy resin glue as in the step (4) to form a bonding interface, wherein the thickness of the interface is 0.1mm, and spraying polyurea coating on the bonding interface, wherein the spraying thickness is 3mm to form a polyurea coating. And curing for 7 days at normal temperature after spraying is finished, so that the preparation of the composite board in the scene can be finished, and the cross-section structure of the composite board is shown in figure 3.
FIG. 1 is a top view of the spliced ceramic structure prepared in step 1), wherein 1-2-1 is 70mm in bottom side length and 2m in side edge lengthm, density of 3.5g/cm 3 Regular hexagonal prism alumina ceramic block with Rockwell hardness of 90 HRA; 1-2-2 is room temperature vulcanized liquid silicone rubber;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the functional layer of the main body prepared in step 4), wherein 1-1 is the woven panel layer prepared in step 3); 1-2 is a spliced ceramic structure prepared in the step 1); 1-3 is a metal backing layer; 4 is a polyurea coating; 5 is epoxy resin glue; the woven panel layer and the spliced ceramic structure form a main functional layer;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the composite board according to the present embodiment, wherein the woven panel layer prepared in step 1) and 3); 2 is the spliced ceramic structure prepared in the step 1); 3 is a metal back plate layer; 4 is a polyurea coating; 5 is epoxy resin glue; the woven panel layer and the spliced ceramic structure form a main functional layer.
Under the peripheral application scenario of petrochemical plant, dangerous chemical device, the personnel occupation place such as device control room, outer operating room etc. to the device periphery does not completely adopt the antiknock design yet, extremely easily destroy when petrochemical plant, dangerous chemical device take place the explosion, cause the condition of casualties, set up the antiknock wall body of one side in petrochemical plant, dangerous chemical device periphery personnel occupation place outside, the wall body adopts square steel joist support, the composite board of this embodiment preparation is set up at the face that faces against the explosion. When petrochemical devices and dangerous chemical devices explode, the process of the composite board arranged on the explosion-proof wall body on the explosion-facing surface plays a role as follows: when shock waves and fragments generated by explosion attack, the main body functional layer, the metal back plate layer and the polyurea coating in the composite plate sequentially play roles: the broken sheet and the shock wave are contacted with a main functional layer in the composite board, and a spliced ceramic structure is arranged in the main functional layer, so that the broken sheet is cracked, abraded and passivated, part of energy in the shock wave is dissipated, the split-stop and buffering effects are simultaneously exerted on the tatting panel layer of which the spliced ceramic structure is formed into a sandwich coating, the spliced ceramic structure is restrained and prevented from splashing, and the impact resistance effect of the spliced ceramic structure on the shock wave and the broken sheet is further improved; the broken piece after being partially broken, abraded and passivated passing through the main functional layer is blocked by the metal back plate layer after being contacted with the metal back plate layer, and meanwhile, the metal back plate layer is deformed, so that part of energy of residual shock waves is dissipated; finally, a small part of energy left by the shock wave reaches the polyurea coating tightly adhered to the metal back plate layer to be dissipated, and all layers of the composite plate cooperate to finish the resistance to attack of the shock wave and the fragments under the condition of keeping the structure stable. The composite board prepared by the embodiment can effectively block shock waves and large fragment invasion generated when petrochemical devices and dangerous chemical devices explode, reduce the damage range, achieve the disaster reduction effect and protect the safety of personnel and property around the devices.
Although the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications might be made without departing from the true spirit and scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation, material, composition of materials, and method to the essential scope, spirit, and scope of the present invention. All such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of this invention as defined in the following claims.

Claims (13)

1. A tiled ceramic structure comprising a ceramic block and a first adhesive, the sides of any two adjacent ceramic blocks being bonded by the first adhesive.
2. The tiled ceramic structure according to claim 1, wherein the ceramic blocks are right prisms;
preferably, the ceramic block is a regular prism;
preferably, the bottom surface of the ceramic block is regular hexagon.
3. The tiled ceramic structure according to claim 2, wherein the ceramic block has a bottom side length of 10mm to 100mm and/or a side edge length of 2mm to 30mm.
4. A tiled ceramic structure according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the ceramic block is of alumina ceramic; and/or
The first adhesive is room temperature vulcanized liquid silicone rubber.
5. The tiled ceramic structure according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the ceramic block has a rockwell hardness of 80-90 HRA and/or a density of not more than 3.5g/cm 3 。
6. The tiled ceramic structure according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the pitch of the sides of any two adjacent ceramic blocks in the tiled ceramic structure is 0.1mm to 1mm.
7. A composite board which is a lamellar structure and comprises a main body functional layer, a metal back plate layer and a polyurea coating;
the body functional layer comprises the tiled ceramic structure of any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. The composite board as claimed in claim 7, wherein the metal back sheet layer is made of aluminum alloy;
preferably, the metal back plate layer is made of 6063 type aluminum alloy.
9. The composite board according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the thickness of the main functional layer is 3mm to 32mm; and/or
The thickness of the metal back plate layer is 1mm to 5mm; and/or
The thickness of the polyurea coating is 2mm to 6mm.
10. The composite board as claimed in any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the main functional layer further comprises a woven panel layer forming an upper and lower sandwich cladding for the spliced ceramic structure;
preferably, the woven panel layer is a fiberglass mesh;
preferably, the woven panel layer is alkali-free glass fiber yarn coated with alkali-resistant polymer emulsion.
11. The composite board of claim 10, wherein the woven panel layer has a thickness of 0.5mm to 1.5mm; and/or
The mesh size of the alkali-free glass fiber yarn is 1cm to 2cm.
12. A composite board according to any one of claims 7 to 11, where the layers of the composite board are bonded by a second adhesive;
preferably, the second adhesive is an epoxy glue.
13. Use of a spliced ceramic structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or a composite board according to any one of claims 7 to 12 in explosion safety protection technology, in particular in the chemical field.
CN202211211283.5A 2022-09-30 2022-09-30 Spliced ceramic structure and composite board containing same Pending CN117848162A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202211211283.5A CN117848162A (en) 2022-09-30 2022-09-30 Spliced ceramic structure and composite board containing same

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202211211283.5A CN117848162A (en) 2022-09-30 2022-09-30 Spliced ceramic structure and composite board containing same

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN117848162A true CN117848162A (en) 2024-04-09

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Family Applications (1)

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Country Link
CN (1) CN117848162A (en)

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