CN117845244A - Electrolytic tank, electrolytic hydrogen production device and hydrogen fuel cell - Google Patents
Electrolytic tank, electrolytic hydrogen production device and hydrogen fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN117845244A CN117845244A CN202311697294.3A CN202311697294A CN117845244A CN 117845244 A CN117845244 A CN 117845244A CN 202311697294 A CN202311697294 A CN 202311697294A CN 117845244 A CN117845244 A CN 117845244A
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- anode
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- gas diffusion
- catalytic
- electrolytic
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 132
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000005056 cell body Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 20
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- HTXDPTMKBJXEOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxoiridium Chemical compound O=[Ir]=O HTXDPTMKBJXEOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910000457 iridium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 8
- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- DSVGQVZAZSZEEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Pt] Chemical compound [C].[Pt] DSVGQVZAZSZEEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003011 anion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006262 metallic foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides an electrolytic tank, an electrolytic hydrogen production device and a hydrogen fuel cell, wherein the electrolytic tank comprises a tank body, an ion exchange membrane, a power supply and an electrode, and the electrode comprises at least two anodes and at least two cathodes; the anode, the cathode and the ion exchange membrane are connected in the tank body; the anode comprises an anode gas diffusion part and an anode catalytic part, and two sides of at least one anode gas diffusion part are respectively provided with one anode catalytic part; the cathode comprises a cathode gas diffusion part and a cathode catalytic part, and two sides of at least one cathode gas diffusion part are respectively provided with one cathode catalytic part; at least two anodes are connected in parallel with the positive electrode of the power supply; at least two cathodes connected in parallel to the negative electrode of the power supply; the ion exchange membrane is disposed between at least one anode and an adjacent cathode. The application does not need to arrange the metal bipolar plate in the electrolytic tank, and the gas diffusion part can be used for transmitting gas by the catalytic parts on two sides, so that the number of the diffusion parts is reduced, and the material preparation cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of electrolytic hydrogen production, in particular to an electrolytic tank, an electrolytic hydrogen production device and a hydrogen fuel cell.
Background
Hydrogen plays an important role in a carbon neutralization path due to the advantages of cleanliness, no pollution, high energy density, storability, transportation and the like. The water electrolysis hydrogen production is the simplest and effective mode for obtaining high-purity hydrogen at present, and can be combined with renewable energy power generation technologies such as photovoltaic power generation, hydroelectric power generation and wind power generation to prepare green hydrogen so as to realize zero carbon emission in the hydrogen production process. The method has the advantages of environmental friendliness and high economic benefit, and has good development prospect.
The main structure in the electrolytic hydrogen production technology is an electrolytic tank, and a metal bipolar plate is arranged in the electrolytic tank to separate a cathode from an anode, so that series conduction between a plurality of cathodes and anodes is realized. And bipolar plates are relatively complex in preparation process and relatively high in material cost.
In the existing electrolytic hydrogen production technology, the bipolar plate structure is adopted, so that the material preparation cost of the electrolytic hydrogen production device is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides an electrolytic tank, an electrolytic hydrogen production device and a hydrogen fuel cell, which are used for solving the problem of higher material preparation cost in the prior electrolytic technology.
In order to solve the above problems, the present application is realized as follows:
an embodiment of the present application provides an electrolytic cell, which is characterized by comprising: the ion exchange membrane comprises a tank body, an ion exchange membrane, a power supply and an electrode, wherein the electrode comprises at least two anodes and at least two cathodes;
the anode, the cathode and the ion exchange membrane are connected in the tank body;
the anode comprises an anode gas diffusion part and an anode catalytic part, and two sides of at least one anode gas diffusion part are respectively provided with one anode catalytic part;
the cathode comprises a cathode gas diffusion part and a cathode catalytic part, and two sides of at least one cathode gas diffusion part are respectively provided with one cathode catalytic part;
at least two anodes are connected in parallel with the positive electrode of the power supply;
at least two of the cathodes are connected in parallel to the negative electrode of the power supply;
the ion exchange membrane is disposed between at least one of the anode catalytic portions and an adjacent cathode catalytic portion.
Optionally, the electrolytic cell further comprises an insulating support plate;
the insulating support plate is connected in the groove body and is arranged between two adjacent electrodes; i.e. adjacent sides of the insulating support plate may be anode at the same time, cathode at the same time, or anode-by-cathode.
When two sides of the insulating support plate are provided with an anode and a cathode, the ion exchange membrane or the insulating support plate is arranged between the anode catalytic part and the adjacent cathode catalytic part;
optionally, at least two of the anodes are alternately arranged with at least two of the cathodes.
Optionally, at least one of the anode catalytic portion and the cathode catalytic portion is attached to a surface of the ion exchange membrane, and/or at least one of the anode catalytic portion and the cathode catalytic portion is attached to a surface corresponding to the gas diffusion portion.
Optionally, the tank body includes an end plate;
the end plate is positioned at the side edge of the groove body;
an anode catalytic portion adjacent to the anode of the end plate is disposed on a side of the anode gas diffusion portion facing away from the end plate, and/or;
the cathode catalytic portion of the cathode adjacent to the end plate is disposed on a side of the cathode gas diffusion portion facing away from the end plate.
Optionally, the anode is a rigid support anode and/or the cathode is a rigid support cathode.
Optionally, the tank further comprises a seal;
the anode, the cathode and the ion exchange membrane are connected in the cavity of the tank body, the cavity is provided with an opening, and the sealing element is embedded in the opening.
Optionally, the sealing member is provided with a liquid supplementing hole and a gas collecting hole.
Optionally, the seal comprises a first seal and a second seal;
the first sealing piece and the second sealing piece are oppositely arranged, the fluid supplementing hole is formed in the first sealing piece, and the gas collecting hole is formed in the second sealing piece.
The embodiment of the application also provides an electrolytic hydrogen production device, which comprises the electrolytic tank according to any one of the embodiments.
The embodiment of the application also provides a hydrogen fuel cell, which comprises the electrolytic hydrogen production device.
The electrolytic tank provided by the embodiment comprises a tank body, an ion exchange membrane, a power supply, at least two anodes and at least two cathodes. The anode comprises an anode gas diffusion part and an anode catalytic part, and the cathode comprises a cathode gas diffusion part and a cathode catalytic part. The ion exchange membrane is arranged between the anode catalytic part of at least one anode and the cathode catalytic part of the adjacent cathode and is used for passing hydrogen ions or metal ions in the electrolyte. At least two anodes are connected in parallel with the positive electrode of the power supply, namely, the anode gas diffusion parts of the at least two anodes are connected in parallel with the positive electrode of the power supply; at least two cathodes are connected in parallel to the negative pole of the power supply, i.e. the cathode gas diffusion sections of the at least two cathodes are connected in parallel to the negative pole of the power supply. Because a mode of connecting a plurality of anodes and a plurality of cathodes in parallel is used, a metal bipolar plate is not required to be arranged in the electrolytic tank for forming series connection conduction between the anodes and the cathodes, and therefore, compared with the related electrolytic technology adopting the bipolar plate, the material preparation cost is reduced. In addition, two sides of the anode gas diffusion part of at least one anode are respectively provided with an anode catalytic part, so that the anode gas diffusion part can be used for simultaneously transmitting gas by the anode catalytic parts at the two sides; the two sides of the cathode gas diffusion part of at least one cathode are respectively provided with a cathode catalytic part, so that the cathode gas diffusion part can be used for simultaneously transmitting gas by the cathode catalytic parts at the two sides. Therefore, the present embodiment reduces the number of anode gas diffusion portions and cathode gas diffusion portions, and reduces the material preparation cost.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of an electrolytic cell structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1-cell body, 11-end plate, 12-seal, 121-first seal, 1211-fluid-supplementing hole, 122-second seal, 1221-gas collecting hole, 1221 a-anode gas collecting hole, 1221 b-cathode gas collecting hole, 2-anode, 21-anode gas diffusion part, 22-anode catalytic part, 3-cathode, 31-cathode gas diffusion part, 32-cathode catalytic part, 4-ion exchange membrane, 5-insulating support plate, 61-anode connecting wire, 62-cathode connecting wire.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments herein without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application.
It should be appreciated that reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides an electrolytic cell comprising a cell body 1, an ion exchange membrane 4, a power source and an electrode, the electrode comprising at least two anodes 2 and at least two cathodes 3;
the anode 2, the cathode 3 and the ion exchange membrane 4 are connected in the tank body 1;
the anode 2 comprises an anode gas diffusion part 21 and an anode catalytic part 22, wherein two sides of at least one anode gas diffusion part 21 are respectively provided with one anode catalytic part 22;
the cathode 3 includes a cathode gas diffusion portion 31 and a cathode catalytic portion 32, and at least one of the cathode gas diffusion portions 31 is provided with one of the cathode catalytic portions 32 on each side;
at least two of the anodes 2 are connected in parallel to the positive pole of the power supply;
at least two of the cathodes 3 are connected in parallel to the negative pole of the power supply;
the ion exchange membrane device 4 is disposed between at least one of the anodes 2 and the adjacent cathode 3.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the structure of the electrolytic cell provided in the embodiment of the application is schematically shown, the electrolytic cell comprises a cell body 1, an ion exchange membrane 4, a power supply and an electrode, and the electrode comprises at least two anodes 2 and at least two cathodes 3. The tank body 1 is a container in which an electrolytic reaction occurs, and when a power supply is turned on, an oxidation reaction occurs at the interface between the anode 2 and the solution to generate oxygen, and a reduction reaction occurs at the interface between the cathode 3 and the solution to generate hydrogen. The anode 2, the cathode 3 and the ion exchange membrane 4 are connected to the inside of the tank body 1. The anodes 2 may be provided in two, three or more, and the number of cathodes 3 is identical to the number of anodes 2. The anode 2 includes an anode gas diffusion portion 21 and an anode catalyst portion 22 provided on the anode gas diffusion portion 21, that is, the anode catalyst portion 22 is provided on either one side or both sides of the anode gas diffusion portion 21, specifically, the anode catalyst portion 22 is prepared at or near the surface of the anode gas diffusion portion 21 by a coating process. The cathode 3 includes a cathode gas diffusion portion 31 and a cathode catalyst portion 32 provided on the cathode gas diffusion portion 31, that is, the cathode catalyst portion 32 is provided on either one side or both sides of the cathode gas diffusion portion 31, specifically, the cathode catalyst portion 32 is prepared at or near the surface of the cathode gas diffusion portion 31 by a coating process. The anode gas diffusion portion 21 and the cathode gas diffusion portion 31 provide places where deionized water and gas generated by the reaction circulate, the anode catalyst portion 22 and the cathode catalyst portion 32 are main places of oxidation-reduction reaction, the anode catalyst portion 22 of this example selects iridium oxide catalyst, and the cathode catalyst portion 32 selects platinum carbon catalyst. The gas diffusion portion has a porous structure, wherein the anode gas diffusion portion 21 of the present embodiment is made of porous titanium, including but not limited to titanium felt, foam titanium or pressed porous titanium plate; the cathode gas diffusion portion 31 of the present embodiment includes, but is not limited to, carbon paper, carbon cloth, metal felt, or metal foam. The ion exchange membrane 4 is arranged between the anode catalytic portion 22 of at least one anode 2 and the cathode catalytic portion 32 of an adjacent cathode 3 for the permeation of protons or other ions, and is suitable for PEM (Proton Exchange Membrane ) electrolysers, AEM (Anion Exchange Membrane, anion exchange membrane) electrolysers and ALK (Alkaline) electrolysers.
Specifically, a power supply is externally connected to the electrolytic tank polar plate to provide the voltage required by electrolysis. At least two anodes 2 are connected in parallel to the positive electrode of the power supply, specifically, at least two anode gas diffusion sections 21 are connected in parallel to the positive electrode of the power supply through an anode connection line 61. At least two cathodes 3 are connected in parallel to the negative pole of the power supply, specifically at least two cathode gas diffusion sections 31 are connected in parallel to the negative pole of the power supply by a cathode connection line 62. Because the metal bipolar plate is used for forming a series current path through electrons in the electrolytic cell in the related art, and the anodes 2 and the cathodes 3 are connected in parallel in the embodiment, the metal bipolar plate structure is omitted, and the material preparation cost is reduced.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, at least one anode 2 includes an anode gas diffusion portion 21 and two anode catalytic portions 22, that is, one anode catalytic portion 22 is provided on each side of at least one anode gas diffusion portion 21. The anode 2 with this structure has the anode gas diffusion portion 21 for simultaneously transporting gas to the anode catalytic portions 22 on both sides. The at least one cathode 3 comprises a cathode gas diffusion part 31 and two cathode catalytic parts 32, namely, two sides of the at least one cathode gas diffusion part 31 are respectively provided with one cathode catalytic part 32, and the cathode 3 with the structure can allow the cathode catalytic parts 32 at the two sides to simultaneously transmit gas. Compared with the structure that the gas diffusion parts are in one-to-one correspondence with the catalytic parts in the related art, the number of the anode gas diffusion parts 21 and the cathode gas diffusion parts 31 is reduced, and the material preparation cost is reduced. The more the anodes 2 and cathodes 3 are provided in this structure, the more the number of gas diffusion sections can be reduced, and when one anode catalyst section 22 is provided on each side of the anode gas diffusion sections 21 of all the anodes 2, and one cathode catalyst section 32 is provided on each side of the cathode gas diffusion sections 31 of all the cathodes 3, the half number of gas diffusion sections can be reduced.
In the electrolytic cell provided in this embodiment, the gas diffusion portion provides a place where deionized water and gas generated by the reaction circulate, and the catalytic portion provides a main place for the oxidation-reduction reaction. At least two anodes 2 are connected in parallel with the positive electrode of the power supply, at least two cathodes 3 are connected in parallel with the negative electrode of the power supply, compared with the prior related technology of carrying out electrolysis in a serial connection mode, the metal bipolar plate structure is omitted, and the material preparation cost and the process complexity brought by preparing the bipolar plate are reduced. In addition, the two sides of the at least one anode gas diffusion part 21 are respectively provided with one anode catalytic part 22, and the two sides of the at least one cathode gas diffusion part 31 are respectively provided with one cathode catalytic part 32, so that the gas diffusion parts can be used for simultaneously transmitting gas by the catalytic parts at the two sides, the number of the gas diffusion parts is reduced, and the material preparation cost is reduced.
Optionally, referring to fig. 1, the electrolytic cell further comprises an insulating support plate 5;
the insulating support plate 5 is arranged between two adjacent electrodes.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, an insulating support plate 5 is connected to the inside of the cell body 1 for mechanical support to enhance the structural strength of the electrolytic cell. Since the insulating support plate 5 plays an auxiliary supporting role, the insulating support plate 5 can be arranged at a position where the supporting force is weak, and the left and right sides of the insulating support plate 5 can be simultaneously the anode 2, the cathode 3, or one anode 2 and one cathode 3 according to actual needs. For further understanding, when both the left and right sides of the insulating support plate 5 are the anode 2 or the cathode 3, it can be understood that the insulating support plate 5 is sandwiched between the two anode gas diffusion sections 21 or between the two cathode gas diffusion sections 31. When the insulating support plate 5 is provided with one anode 2 and one cathode 3 on both left and right sides, it can be understood that the insulating support plate 5 replaces the ion exchange membrane 4. Since the bipolar plate structure is omitted in this embodiment, in order to enhance the supporting strength, an insulating supporting plate 5 is provided, and the insulating supporting plate 5 is connected between the upper end and the lower end of the tank body 1. The material of the insulating support plate 5 includes but is not limited to polytetrafluoroethylene or polyphenylene sulfide, and the material preparation cost and processing complexity are lower than those of the metal bipolar plate. Since the insulating support plate 5 is not permeable to ions or electrons, the insulating support plate 5 is not provided simultaneously with the ion exchange membrane 4. The number of the insulating support plates 5 may be set to one, two or more, on the one hand, the more the number of the insulating support plates 5 is set, the more advantageous the structural strength of the electrolytic cell is improved. On the other hand, since the insulating support plates 5 isolate ions on both sides from freely passing through, anodes and cathodes on both sides cannot be communicated to form a cell, and thus the electrolytic efficiency is reduced as the number of the insulating support plates 5 is increased. In order to save catalyst material, no catalytic layer is provided on the gas diffusion sections on both sides adjacent to the insulating support plate 5. The present embodiment is provided with the insulating support plate 5 only between one of the anode gas diffusion portions 21 and one of the cathode gas diffusion portions 31. The ion exchange membranes 4 are arranged between the anode catalytic portion 22 and the adjacent cathode catalytic portion 32, so that the electrolytic efficiency is ensured, and the supporting strength of the tank body 1 is improved. When the anode 2 and the cathode 3 having high rigidity are used to satisfy the requirement of the support strength of the tank 1, the insulating support plate 5 is not required.
Alternatively, referring to fig. 1, at least two of the anodes 2 are alternately arranged with at least two of the cathodes 3.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, when the insulating support plate 5 is provided in the tank body 1, or when the support strength of the anode 2 and the cathode 3 is sufficient, and the insulating support plate 5 is not required, as in the above embodiment, at least two anodes 2 and at least two cathodes 3 are alternately arranged, that is, one cathode 3 is provided between every two anodes 2, and one anode 2 is provided between every two cathodes 3. When the ion exchange membrane 4 is disposed between the anode catalytic portion 22 of the anode 2 and the cathode catalytic portion 32 of the adjacent cathode 3, the anode gas diffusion portion 21, the anode catalytic portion 22, the ion exchange membrane 4, the cathode catalytic portion 32 and the cathode gas diffusion portion 31 herein form one cell, which is the smallest unit of operation of the cell. The anode 2 and the cathode 3 are alternately distributed to form a plurality of cells of the electrolytic cell, so that anode and cathode materials are effectively utilized, and the electrolytic efficiency is improved. The number of cells of the electrolytic cell may be set to four, five, six or more depending on the number of anodes 2 and cathodes 3.
Optionally, referring to fig. 1, at least one of the anode catalytic portion 22 and the cathode catalytic portion 32 is attached to a surface of the ion exchange membrane 4, and/or at least one of the anode catalytic portion 22 and the cathode catalytic portion 32 is attached to a surface corresponding to the gas diffusion portion.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, when the insulating support plate 5 is provided in the cell body 1, or when the support strength of the anode 2 and the cathode 3 is sufficient and the insulating support plate 5 is not required, as in the above embodiment, a different membrane electrode manufacturing method may be employed, wherein the CCM (catalyst coating membrane, catalyst coating) process is to coat the catalytic portion on the surface of the ion exchange membrane 4. The CCS (catalyst-coated gas diffusion layer) process is to coat the catalytic part on the surface of the corresponding gas diffusion part, that is, the anode catalytic part 22 on the surface of the anode gas diffusion part 21, and the cathode catalytic part 32 on the surface of the cathode gas diffusion part 31. Or a CCM and CCS mixing process is adopted, comprising the following steps: the anode catalyst 22 is coated on the surface of the anode gas diffusion portion 21 while the cathode catalyst 32 is coated on the surface of the ion exchange membrane 4, or the anode catalyst 22 is coated on the surface of the ion exchange membrane 4 while the cathode catalyst 32 is coated on the surface of the cathode gas diffusion portion 31. Compared with the CCS method, the CCM method can effectively reduce the proton or other ion transfer resistance between the ion exchange membrane 4 and the catalytic part, so that the catalyst utilization rate is higher.
In some embodiments, the current density of the cells was measured to measure the electrolysis efficiency using different membrane electrode preparation methods, with the following results:
embodiment one, CCM method. Four cells of the electrolytic cell are arranged, wherein the anode gas diffusion part 21 is made of metal titanium felt, the anode catalytic part 22 is made of iridium oxide catalyst, and the surfaces of the ion exchange membranes 4 are coated with the iridium oxide catalyst. The surface of the ion exchange membrane 4 is selected from Nafion 115 membranes. The cathode catalytic part 32 is coated on the surface of the ion exchange membrane 4 by platinum carbon catalyst, the cathode gas diffusion part 31 is made of carbon paper as a supporting structure and forms a micropore structure, and the sealing material at the connecting lead at the top of the tank body 1 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material. The voltage of 1.9V is applied to the two electrodes, the electrolytic tank can smoothly operate to generate hydrogen and oxygen, and the current density reaches 1.3A/cm 2 。
In the second embodiment, the anode adopts CCS method, and the cathode adopts CCM method. Four cells of the electrolytic cell are arranged, wherein the anode gas diffusion part 21 is made of metal titanium felt, the anode catalytic part 22 is made of iridium oxide catalyst, and the surface of the anode gas diffusion part 21 is coated with the iridium oxide catalyst. The surface of the ion exchange membrane 4 is selected from Nafion 115 membranes. The cathode catalytic part 32 is coated on the surface of the ion exchange membrane 4 by platinum carbon catalyst, the cathode gas diffusion part 31 is made of carbon paper as a supporting structure and forms a micropore structure, and the sealing material at the connecting lead at the top of the tank body 1 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material. The voltage of 1.9V is applied to the two electrodes, the electrolytic tank can smoothly operate to generate hydrogen and oxygen, and the current density reaches 1.26A/cm 2 。
In the third embodiment, the anode adopts CCM method, and the cathode adopts CCS method. Four cells of the electrolytic cell are arranged, wherein the anode gas diffusion part 21 is made of metal titanium felt, the anode catalytic part 22 is made of iridium oxide catalyst, and the surfaces of the ion exchange membranes 4 are coated with the iridium oxide catalyst. The surface of the ion exchange membrane 4 is selected from Nafion 115 membranes. The cathode catalytic part 32 is coated on the surface of the cathode gas diffusion part 31 by platinum carbon catalyst, the cathode gas diffusion part 31 is made of carbon paper as a supporting structure, a micropore structure is formed, and the sealing material at the connecting lead at the top of the tank body 1 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material. The voltage of 1.9V is applied to the two electrodes, the electrolytic tank can smoothly operate to generate hydrogen and oxygen, and the current density reaches 1.21A/cm 2 。
Embodiment four, CCS method. Four cells of the electrolytic cell are arranged, wherein the anode gas diffusion part 21 is made of metal titanium felt, the anode catalytic part 22 is made of iridium oxide catalyst, and the surface of the anode gas diffusion part 21 is coated with the iridium oxide catalyst. The surface of the ion exchange membrane 4 is selected from Nafion 115 membranes. The cathode catalytic part 32 is coated on the surface of the cathode gas diffusion part 31 by platinum carbon catalyst, the cathode gas diffusion part 31 is made of carbon paper as a supporting structure, a micropore structure is formed, and the sealing material at the connecting lead at the top of the tank body 1 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material. The voltage of 1.9V is applied to the two electrodes, the electrolytic tank can smoothly operate to generate hydrogen and oxygen, and the current density reaches 1.1A/cm 2 。
In the related art in which bipolar plates are used for electrode series connection, the same material and the same number of cells are used as in the first embodiment, and the CCM method is used, so that the measured current density is 1.3A/cm under the condition of the same voltage 2 . Therefore, the electrolytic tank provided by the embodiment can ensure the electrolytic efficiency of the electrolytic tank, and meanwhile, the metal bipolar plate structure is omitted, so that the material preparation cost is reduced.
Optionally, referring to fig. 1, the tank 1 includes an end plate 11;
the end plate 11 is positioned at the side edge of the groove body 1;
an anode catalyst portion 22 of the anode 2 near the end plate 11 is provided on a side of the anode gas diffusion portion 21 facing away from the end plate 11, and/or;
a cathode catalytic portion 32 of the cathode 3 near the end plate 11 is provided on a side of the cathode gas diffusion portion 31 facing away from the end plate 11.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, when the insulating support plates 5 are provided in the tank body 1, or when the support strength of the anode 2 and the cathode 3 is sufficient, as in the above embodiment, the insulating support plates 5 do not need to be provided, the end plates 11 are located on both sides of the tank body 1 to support the structure. Since the end plate 11 is non-conductive, the gas generated by the catalytic portion disposed therein needs to enter the ion exchange membrane across a large distance, so that to avoid material waste, only one anode catalytic portion 22 is disposed on the anode 2 near the left end plate 11, and the anode catalytic portion 22 is disposed on the side of the anode gas diffusion portion 21 facing away from the end plate 11. Only one cathode catalytic portion 32 is provided at the cathode 3 near the right end plate 11, and the cathode catalytic portion 32 thereof is provided at the side of the cathode gas diffusion portion 31 facing away from the end plate 11.
Optionally, referring to fig. 1, the anode 2 is a rigid support anode and/or the cathode 3 is a rigid support cathode.
Specifically, when the materials of the anode 2 and the cathode 3 are selected, at least one of the anode 2 and the cathode 3 should have a certain supporting strength to support the structure of the tank 1. Specifically, at least one of the anode gas diffusion portion 21 and the cathode gas diffusion portion 31 should be a rigid support structure. The anode gas diffusion part 21 of the embodiment adopts a metal titanium felt, the cathode gas diffusion part 31 adopts carbon paper as a supporting structure, and the supporting strength is improved.
Optionally, referring to fig. 1, the tank 1 further comprises a seal 12;
the anode 2, the cathode 3 and the ion exchange membrane 4 are connected in a cavity of the tank body 1, the cavity is provided with an opening, and the sealing piece 12 is embedded in the opening.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, when the insulating support plate 5 is disposed in the tank body 1, or when the support strength of the anode 2 and the cathode 3 is sufficient, and the insulating support plate 5 is not required, the sealing members 12 are disposed at the upper end and the lower end of the tank body 1, and the sealing members 12 are embedded in the openings of the tank body 1, that is, the sealing members 12 and the end plates 11 form a tank body closed structure, so as to form a closed electrolytic environment. The sealing member 12 is provided with a through hole for penetrating the anode connection line 61 and the cathode connection line 62. The sealing member 12 of this embodiment is made of polytetrafluoroethylene or ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber.
Optionally, referring to fig. 1, the sealing member 12 is provided with a fluid supplementing hole 1211 and a gas collecting hole 1221.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the sealing member 12 is provided with a liquid replenishing hole 1211 and a gas collecting hole 1221 along the height direction of the tank body 1. Under the condition of electrifying the electrolytic cell, deionized water is supplemented by the fluid supplementing holes 1211, oxygen is generated by oxidation reaction on the anode catalytic part 22, hydrogen is generated by reduction reaction on the cathode catalytic part 32, and the generated gas is respectively discharged and collected by the gas collecting holes 1221 after passing through the anode gas diffusion part 21 and the cathode gas diffusion part 31. An anode gas collecting hole 1221a is disposed at a position corresponding to each anode 2, a cathode gas collecting hole 1221b is disposed at a position corresponding to each cathode 3, and a liquid supplementing hole 1211 is disposed on each set of anode 2 and cathode 3.
Optionally, referring to fig. 1, the seal 12 includes a first seal 121 and a second seal 122;
the first sealing member 121 is disposed opposite to the second sealing member 122, the fluid-supplementing hole 1211 is disposed on the first sealing member 121, and the gas collecting hole 1221 is disposed on the second sealing member 122.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the seal 12 includes a first seal 121 and a second seal 122, the first seal 121 is provided at the lower end of the tank 1, and the second seal 122 is provided at the upper end of the tank 1. Because the gas density is small, the gas will rise and collect at the upper end of the tank body 1, so the gas collecting hole 1221 is arranged on the second sealing member 122, and the liquid supplementing hole 1211 is arranged on the first sealing member 121, so that the gas rising is prevented from blocking the liquid supplementing hole 1211.
The embodiment of the application also provides an electrolytic hydrogen production device, which comprises the electrolytic tank according to any one of the embodiments. The electrolytic hydrogen production device comprises an electrolytic tank, an oxyhydrogen gas-liquid separator, an oxyhydrogen gas cooler and an oxyhydrogen gas scrubber. Because the metal bipolar plate structure is omitted in the electrolytic tank, the preparation cost of the whole material of the electrolytic hydrogen production device is reduced.
The embodiment of the application also provides a hydrogen fuel cell, which comprises the electrolytic hydrogen production device. The electrolytic tank or the electrolytic hydrogen production device provided by the embodiment provides hydrogen for the hydrogen fuel cell, so that electric energy can be conveniently generated.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The embodiments of the present application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and many forms may be made by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present application and the scope of the claims, which are also within the protection of the present application.
Claims (11)
1. An electrolytic cell, comprising: the ion exchange membrane comprises a tank body, an ion exchange membrane, a power supply and an electrode, wherein the electrode comprises at least two anodes and at least two cathodes;
the anode, the cathode and the ion exchange membrane are connected in the tank body;
the anode comprises an anode gas diffusion part and an anode catalytic part, and two sides of at least one anode gas diffusion part are respectively provided with one anode catalytic part;
the cathode comprises a cathode gas diffusion part and a cathode catalytic part, and two sides of at least one cathode gas diffusion part are respectively provided with one cathode catalytic part;
at least two anodes are connected in parallel with the positive electrode of the power supply;
at least two of the cathodes are connected in parallel to the negative electrode of the power supply;
the ion exchange membrane is disposed between at least one of the anode catalytic portions and an adjacent cathode catalytic portion.
2. The electrolytic cell of claim 1 further comprising an insulating support plate;
the insulating support plate is connected in the groove body, and the insulating support plate is arranged between two adjacent electrodes.
3. An electrolysis cell according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein at least two of the anodes alternate with at least two of the cathodes.
4. The electrolytic cell according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one of the anode catalytic portion and the cathode catalytic portion is attached to a surface of the ion exchange membrane, and/or wherein at least one of the anode catalytic portion and the cathode catalytic portion is attached to a surface corresponding to the gas diffusion portion.
5. An electrolysis cell according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the cell body comprises an end plate;
the end plate is positioned at the side edge of the groove body;
an anode catalytic portion adjacent to the anode of the end plate is disposed on a side of the anode gas diffusion portion facing away from the end plate, and/or;
the cathode catalytic portion of the cathode adjacent to the end plate is disposed on a side of the cathode gas diffusion portion facing away from the end plate.
6. An electrolysis cell according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the anode is a rigid support anode and/or the cathode is a rigid support cathode.
7. An electrolysis cell according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the cell body further comprises a seal;
the anode, the cathode and the ion exchange membrane are connected in the cavity of the tank body, the cavity is provided with an opening, and the sealing element is embedded in the opening.
8. The electrolyzer of claim 7 characterized in that the seal is provided with make-up holes and gas collection holes.
9. The electrolyzer of claim 8 wherein the seal comprises a first seal and a second seal;
the first sealing piece and the second sealing piece are oppositely arranged, the fluid supplementing hole is formed in the first sealing piece, and the gas collecting hole is formed in the second sealing piece.
10. An electrolytic hydrogen production apparatus comprising an electrolytic cell according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
11. A hydrogen fuel cell comprising the electrolytic hydrogen production apparatus according to claim 10.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311697294.3A CN117845244A (en) | 2023-12-11 | 2023-12-11 | Electrolytic tank, electrolytic hydrogen production device and hydrogen fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311697294.3A CN117845244A (en) | 2023-12-11 | 2023-12-11 | Electrolytic tank, electrolytic hydrogen production device and hydrogen fuel cell |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117845244A true CN117845244A (en) | 2024-04-09 |
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ID=90530071
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311697294.3A Pending CN117845244A (en) | 2023-12-11 | 2023-12-11 | Electrolytic tank, electrolytic hydrogen production device and hydrogen fuel cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117845244A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-12-11 CN CN202311697294.3A patent/CN117845244A/en active Pending
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