CN117845025A - Vacuum heat treatment and cryogenic treatment integrated machine - Google Patents
Vacuum heat treatment and cryogenic treatment integrated machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN117845025A CN117845025A CN202410068499.3A CN202410068499A CN117845025A CN 117845025 A CN117845025 A CN 117845025A CN 202410068499 A CN202410068499 A CN 202410068499A CN 117845025 A CN117845025 A CN 117845025A
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- gas quenching
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009689 gas atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
Abstract
A vacuum heat treatment and cryogenic treatment integrated machine belongs to the field of metal heat treatment equipment and is characterized in that a cylindrical treatment chamber is divided into a vacuum high-pressure heating chamber, a vacuum high-pressure cooling chamber and a cryogenic chamber. An unsealing sealing door capable of being opened and closed up and down is arranged between the two chambers, and the three chambers transfer materials through a feeding trolley. The outer wall of the vacuum high-pressure heating chamber is provided with a first electromagnetic valve and a second electromagnetic valve, the outer wall of the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching cooling chamber is provided with a third electromagnetic valve, a fourth electromagnetic valve and a fifth electromagnetic valve, and the outer wall of the deep cooling chamber is provided with a sixth electromagnetic valve and a seventh electromagnetic valve. The liquid nitrogen tank is respectively connected with the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching cooling chamber and the cryogenic chamber through a fifth electromagnetic valve and a sixth electromagnetic valve, so that the low-temperature environment of the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching cooling chamber at-140 ℃ and the cryogenic chamber at-196 ℃ can be respectively realized, and the nitrogen used in the two chambers can be recycled into the gas storage tank for quenching. The advantage is that the heat treatment and the cryogenic treatment are integrated into one device, thereby reducing the material consumption and improving the productivity and the product quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of metal material heat treatment equipment, and particularly relates to integrated equipment capable of performing vacuum heat treatment and cryogenic treatment.
Background
The vacuum high-pressure gas quenching is a process technology for hardening the surface of a metal part material, and has the advantages of uniform hardening, small deformation, no damage to the surface finish of the part, and reduction of the surface processing procedures after quenching, thereby improving the production efficiency and lowering the production cost. The deep cooling technology is to continue the cooling process of the quenched metal material to a temperature far lower than the room temperature, so that the residual austenite existing after the conventional heat treatment is further converted into martensite, and the tissue structure is improved and refined.
The advantages of the current cryogenic treatment technology in terms of material modification are widely accepted in the industry, but in specific applications quenching in a heat treatment furnace is still adopted, and then transferred to a cryogenic treatment device for the cryogenic process. In the transfer process, time and labor are wasted, energy consumption is increased, the industrial production efficiency is affected, and more importantly, the workpiece is inevitably oxidized when being contacted with air, so that the strengthening effect of the material performance is seriously weakened. From the development of related equipment, the technology of the vacuum quenching equipment and the cryogenic treatment equipment is developed rapidly, but integrated equipment is not formed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a vacuum heat treatment and cryogenic treatment integrated machine, which solves the problem of continuity from the vacuum heat treatment to the cryogenic treatment of a workpiece, is provided with a nitrogen recycling device, ensures the quality of the processed workpiece, improves the production efficiency and saves the processing cost.
The integrated vacuum heat treatment and cryogenic treatment machine comprises a cylindrical vacuum high-pressure heating chamber (I), a vacuum high-pressure gas quenching cooling chamber (II) and a cryogenic chamber (III). The vacuum high-pressure cooling device is characterized by comprising a first unsealing sealing door (1) which can be opened and closed up and down between a vacuum high-pressure heating chamber (I) and a vacuum high-pressure gas quenching cooling chamber (II), a second unsealing sealing door (2) which can be opened and closed up and down between the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching cooling chamber (II) and a cryogenic chamber (III), wherein the vacuum high-pressure heating chamber (I) is provided with a first locking door (3) for material in and out, and the cryogenic chamber (III) is provided with a second locking door (4) for material in and out. Two running rails (5) are arranged in the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching cooling chamber (II), and a material conveying trolley (6) which can move up and down along the rails is arranged on the two running rails. The inner wall of the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching cooling chamber (II) is provided with a gas quenching chamber heat insulation layer (26), a second multi-layer material rack (36) and a liquid nitrogen circulating cooling pipeline (7) can cool the gas quenching cooling chamber to-140 ℃. The outer wall of the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching cooling chamber (II) is provided with a pipeline, a third electromagnetic valve (13), a fourth electromagnetic valve (14) and a fifth electromagnetic valve (15) are arranged on the pipeline, and the fifth electromagnetic valve (15) is respectively used for controlling the discharge of gas quenching waste gas, the input of gas quenching nitrogen and the control of the flow of a liquid nitrogen circulating cooling pipeline (7). The vacuum high-pressure heating chamber (I) is internally provided with a heating device (8), a heat insulation layer (25), a first multi-layer material frame (9) and a heating chamber track (10) enable the material conveying trolley (6) to move below the material frame for layered transportation. The outer wall of the vacuum high-pressure heating chamber (I) is also provided with a pipeline, and the pipeline is provided with a first electromagnetic valve (11) and a second electromagnetic valve (12) which are respectively used for vacuumizing before heat treatment and air filling after process completion to balance air pressure. The nitrogen gas atomizing and dispersing device (37) is arranged in the cryogenic chamber (III), the third multi-layer material rack (21), the cryogenic chamber track (22), the fan (23), the cryogenic chamber heat preservation layer (24) and the outer wall of the cryogenic chamber (III) are also provided with pipelines, and the pipelines are provided with a sixth electromagnetic valve (16) and a seventh electromagnetic valve (17) which are respectively used for liquid nitrogen input and nitrogen gas discharge of the cryogenic chamber. The outside is equipped with liquid nitrogen tank (27), and liquid nitrogen tank pipeline both sides have first stop valve (31), second stop valve (32) respectively, be equipped with manometer (29) on gas holder (28), third stop valve (33) for control nitrogen gas input vacuum high pressure gas quenching cooling chamber (II). The air storage tank (28) is connected with the cryogenic chamber (III) through the first one-way valve (18), the first air compressor (19), the air pump (20) and the sixth electromagnetic valve (16) in a secondary mode. The liquid nitrogen circulating cooling pipeline (7) sequentially passes through the second air compressor (30), the second one-way valve (35) and the fourth stop valve (34) after the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching cooling chamber (II) circulates, so that more than nitrogen can be discharged.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the feeding trolley (6) can realize layered feeding, sequentially lift the material trays from the multi-layer material rack from bottom to top during material taking, and sequentially place the material trays from top to bottom during placing.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the liquid nitrogen circulating cooling pipeline (7) can cool the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching cooling chamber (II) to-140 ℃. When the cooling temperature is required to be higher, cooling to-196 ℃ can be performed in the cryogenic chamber (III).
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the air storage tank (28) can collect the nitrogen used by the cryogenic chamber (III) through the first one-way valve (18), the first air compressor (19) and the air pump (20), and can also collect the nitrogen used by the liquid nitrogen circulating cooling pipeline (7) through the second air compressor (30) through the second one-way valve (35) for storage for quenching.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the nitrogen atomization and dispersion device (20) sprays nitrogen to the center through 4 pipelines at two sides respectively, and a convection fan (23) drives the nitrogen to flow so as to realize faster and more uniform cooling effect.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the solenoid valves (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) can control the opening and closing of the pipeline according to the temperature and pressure signals.
The invention has the following advantages: 1 the whole equipment is controlled by a computer control system, so that the production efficiency is improved. 2 the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching cooling chamber can realize a low-temperature environment of-140 ℃, the cryogenic chamber can realize a low-temperature environment of-196 ℃, the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching cooling chamber can be selected according to requirements, the materials are saved, and the energy is saved and the environment is protected. 3. The equipment is provided with a nitrogen recycling system, so that the process cost can be saved. 4, the vacuum heat treatment and the cryogenic treatment of the metal workpiece are combined on one device, so that the investment of the device is saved, the material consumption is saved, the productivity is improved, and the quality of the processed workpiece is improved.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and embodiments
FIG. 1 is a top view of the structure of the present invention
In the figure: a first unsealing sealing door, (2) a second unsealing sealing door, (3) a first locking door, (4) a second locking door, (5) a running rail, (6) a material conveying trolley, (7) a liquid nitrogen circulating cooling pipeline, (8) a heating device, (9) a first multi-layer material frame, (10) a heating chamber rail, (11) a first electromagnetic valve, (12) a second electromagnetic valve, (13) a third electromagnetic valve, (14) a fourth electromagnetic valve, (15) a fifth electromagnetic valve, (16) a sixth electromagnetic valve, (17) a seventh electromagnetic valve, (18) a first one-way valve, (19) a first air compressor, (20) an air sucking pump, (21) a third multi-layer material frame, (22) a cryogenic chamber rail, (23) a fan, (24) a cryogenic chamber heat insulation layer, (25) a heat insulation layer, (26) a gas quenching chamber heat insulation layer, (27) a liquid nitrogen tank, (28) a gas tank, (29) a pressure gauge, (30) a second air compressor, (31) a first stop valve, (32) a second stop valve, (33) a third stop valve, (34) a fourth stop valve, (35) a second one-way valve, (36) a second one-way valve, and (37) a second one-way valve dispersing device.
Description of the embodiments
As shown in fig. 1, when the operation is started, the first stop valve (31), the second stop valve (32), the third stop valve (33) are opened, the pressure gauge (29) on the air tank (28) is observed, and when the pressure reaches the operation pressure, the second stop valve (32) is closed. The first compression door (3) is opened, materials are placed on a first multi-layer material frame (9) of the vacuum high-pressure heating chamber (I) layer by layer, and the first locking door (3) is closed. And then the first unsealing sealing door (1) is controlled to be opened by a computer, and the second unsealing sealing door (2) is controlled to be closed. And opening a first electromagnetic valve (11) to vacuumize the vacuum heat treatment and cryogenic treatment integrated machine. When the vacuum degree reaches the vacuum degree required by the process, the first electromagnetic valve (11) is automatically closed. And closing the first unsealing sealing door (1), controlling the heating device (8) to be opened, electrically heating the workpiece, and after the temperature reaches the process requirement temperature, preserving heat for a period of time, and opening the first unsealing sealing door (1). The material conveying trolley (6) is used for taking materials layer by layer from bottom to top and is sequentially arranged on a second multi-layer material frame (36) of the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching cooling chamber (II) from top to bottom. The first unsealing sealing door (1) is closed. And opening a fourth electromagnetic valve (14), introducing nitrogen from a gas storage tank (28), quenching the workpiece, and simultaneously opening a third electromagnetic valve (13) to discharge quenching waste gas. After quenching is completed, the fourth electromagnetic valve (14) is closed. So far, the heat treatment and quenching process is completed.
After the quenching process is finished, when the requirements on the cryogenic environment are not high and the temperature is above 140 ℃ below zero, the cryogenic process can be finished in the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching cooling chamber (II). The device is specifically operated, a fifth electromagnetic valve (15) is opened, liquid nitrogen flows into a liquid nitrogen circulating cooling pipeline (7) from a liquid nitrogen tank (27), and heat exchange between the gas quenching cooling chamber and the liquid nitrogen pipeline is quickened through liquid nitrogen circulating flow in the pipeline, so that the cooling of the cooling chamber is realized. And controlling the opening of the fifth electromagnetic valve (15) according to the process requirement so as to ensure that the temperature in the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching cooling chamber (II) meets the requirement. The liquid nitrogen is vaporized in the pipeline and then enters the air storage tank (28) through the second air compressor (30) and the second one-way valve (35), and if the air storage tank (28) is full, the fourth stop valve (34) is opened to discharge. When the cryogenic process is finished, the fifth solenoid valve (15) is closed. The first unsealing sealing door (1) is opened, and the material conveying trolley (6) conveys materials to a first multi-layer material frame (9) of the vacuum high-pressure heating chamber (I) one by one. And opening a second electromagnetic valve (12), filling air, balancing air pressure, opening a first locking door (3), and taking out the processed material. The first locking door (3) is closed. If the next batch is not processed, the first stop valve (31) and the third stop valve (33) are closed.
After the quenching process is finished, when the requirements on the cryogenic environment are higher and the temperature is lower than 140 ℃ below zero, the cryogenic process can be finished in a cryogenic chamber (III). The vacuum high-pressure quenching device is specifically operated to open a second unsealing sealing door (2), transport a material trolley (6), take out materials of a second multi-layer material rack (36) of a vacuum high-pressure gas quenching cooling chamber (II) layer by layer, and place the materials on a third multi-layer material rack (21) of a vacuum cryogenic chamber (III) from top to bottom in sequence. The material conveying trolley (6) returns to the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching cooling chamber (II) to close the second unsealing sealing door (2). And a sixth electromagnetic valve (16) is opened, liquid nitrogen is introduced from a liquid nitrogen tank (27) to a nitrogen atomization and dispersion device (37), the liquid nitrogen is directly vaporized after being sprayed out by the atomization device, the material temperature is reduced by utilizing vaporization latent heat and low-temperature nitrogen heat absorption, and a fan (23) rotates to enable air in a cryogenic chamber to flow, so that the temperature in the cryogenic chamber (III) is promoted to be uniform. When the temperature of the waste gas in the cryogenic chamber (III) rises to a certain value, the sixth electromagnetic valve (16) is closed, the seventh electromagnetic valve (17) is opened, the sucking pump (20) is started to suck nitrogen in the cryogenic chamber (III) and send the nitrogen into the first air compressor (19) to compress the nitrogen into high-pressure gas, the high-pressure gas is recycled into the air storage tank (27) through the first one-way valve (18), then the sixth electromagnetic valve (16) is opened, the seventh electromagnetic valve (17) is closed, the sucking pump (20) and the first air compressor (19) stop working, and the process is repeated circularly until the process is completed. After the deep cooling treatment is finished, the sixth electromagnetic valve (16) is closed, the first unsealing sealing door (1) is opened, and the second unsealing sealing door (2) is opened. And opening a second electromagnetic valve (12), filling air, balancing air pressure, opening a second locking door (4), and taking out the processed material. The second locking door (4) is closed. If the next batch is not processed, the first stop valve (31) and the third stop valve (33) are closed.
Claims (7)
1. A vacuum heat treatment and cryogenic treatment integrated machine is characterized by comprising:
the vacuum high-pressure quenching cooling device comprises a cylindrical vacuum high-pressure heating chamber (I), a vacuum high-pressure gas quenching cooling chamber (II) and a cryogenic chamber (III), and is characterized by comprising a first unsealing sealing door (1) which can be opened and closed up and down between the vacuum high-pressure heating chamber (I) and the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching cooling chamber (II), a second unsealing sealing door (2) which can be opened and closed up and down between the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching cooling chamber (II) and the cryogenic chamber (III), wherein the vacuum high-pressure heating chamber (I) is provided with a first locking door (3) for material inlet and outlet, and the cryogenic chamber (III) is provided with a second locking door (4) for material inlet and outlet.
2. The integrated machine for vacuum heat treatment and deep cooling treatment according to claim 1, wherein two running rails (5) are arranged in the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching cooling chamber (II), a material conveying trolley (6) which can move up and down along the rails is arranged on the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching cooling chamber (II), a gas quenching chamber heat insulation layer (26) is arranged on the inner wall of the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching cooling chamber (II), a second multi-layer material frame (36) is arranged on the inner wall of the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching cooling chamber, a liquid nitrogen circulating cooling pipeline (7) can cool the gas quenching cooling chamber to-140 ℃, a pipeline is arranged on the outer wall of the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching cooling chamber (II), a third electromagnetic valve (13) is arranged on the outer wall of the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching cooling chamber, a fourth electromagnetic valve (14) and a fifth electromagnetic valve (15) are respectively used for controlling exhaust gas quenching exhaust, gas quenching nitrogen is input, and the flow of the liquid nitrogen circulating cooling pipeline (7) is controlled.
3. The vacuum heat treatment and cryogenic treatment integrated machine according to claim 1, wherein a heating device (8), a heat insulation layer (25), a first multi-layer material frame (9) and a heating chamber track (10) are arranged in the vacuum high-pressure heating chamber (I), the heating chamber track (10) enables the transporting trolley (6) to transport under the material frame in a layered mode, a pipeline is further arranged on the outer wall of the vacuum high-pressure heating chamber (I), and a first electromagnetic valve (11) and a second electromagnetic valve (12) are arranged on the pipeline and are respectively used for vacuumizing before heat treatment and air filling balance air pressure after process completion.
4. The integrated machine for vacuum heat treatment and cryogenic treatment according to claim 1, wherein a nitrogen atomization dispersing device (37), a third multi-layer material rack (21), a cryogenic chamber track (22), a fan (23) and a cryogenic chamber heat preservation layer (24) are arranged in the cryogenic chamber (III), a pipeline is further arranged on the outer wall of the cryogenic chamber (III), and a sixth electromagnetic valve (16) and a seventh electromagnetic valve (17) are respectively used for cryogenic chamber liquid nitrogen input and nitrogen discharge.
5. The integrated machine for vacuum heat treatment and cryogenic treatment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that a liquid nitrogen tank (27) is arranged outside, a first stop valve (31) and a second stop valve (32) are respectively arranged at two sides of a liquid nitrogen tank pipeline, and the opening and closing of liquid nitrogen inflow to the cryogenic chamber (III) and the flow direction of a gas storage tank (28) are respectively controlled so as to supplement when the recovered gas is insufficient.
6. The integrated machine for vacuum heat treatment and deep cooling treatment according to claim 5, wherein a pressure gauge (29) is arranged on the air storage tank (28), a third stop valve (33) is used for controlling nitrogen to be input into the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching cooling chamber (II), and the air storage tank (28) is connected with the deep cooling chamber (III) through the first one-way valve (18), the first air compressor (19), the air pump (20) and the sixth electromagnetic valve (16) in sequence.
7. The integrated machine for vacuum heat treatment and cryogenic treatment according to claim 2, wherein the liquid nitrogen circulating cooling pipeline (7) passes through the second air compressor (30), the second one-way valve (35) and the fourth stop valve (34) sequentially after the vacuum high-pressure gas quenching cooling chamber (ii) circulates, and can remove more than nitrogen.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410068499.3A CN117845025A (en) | 2024-01-17 | 2024-01-17 | Vacuum heat treatment and cryogenic treatment integrated machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410068499.3A CN117845025A (en) | 2024-01-17 | 2024-01-17 | Vacuum heat treatment and cryogenic treatment integrated machine |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117845025A true CN117845025A (en) | 2024-04-09 |
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ID=90546075
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410068499.3A Pending CN117845025A (en) | 2024-01-17 | 2024-01-17 | Vacuum heat treatment and cryogenic treatment integrated machine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117845025A (en) |
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2024
- 2024-01-17 CN CN202410068499.3A patent/CN117845025A/en active Pending
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