CN117837591A - 包含环己烯酮类化合物的除草组合物及其应用 - Google Patents
包含环己烯酮类化合物的除草组合物及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN117837591A CN117837591A CN202311852421.2A CN202311852421A CN117837591A CN 117837591 A CN117837591 A CN 117837591A CN 202311852421 A CN202311852421 A CN 202311852421A CN 117837591 A CN117837591 A CN 117837591A
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- Prior art keywords
- compound
- cyhalofop
- butyl
- herbicidal composition
- cyclohexenone
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Classifications
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Abstract
本发明属于农业除草剂领域,具体涉及一种包含环己烯酮类化合物的除草组合物及其应用。所述除草组合物有效成分为化合物3和氰氟草酯,重量比为10:1~1:20,优选1:2~1:10,化合物3结构式如(I);本发明所述除草组合物具有明显的增效作用,延缓杂草抗药性的产生,并降低了生产和使用成本,对水稻田多种禾本科杂草都有效;配制的可乳化粉剂生物活性高,安全性好,药效与相同用量的乳油相当;可乳化粉剂的复配制剂中环己烯酮类化合物3热储分解率小于5%(54℃,14d),为其他环己烯酮类化合物复配制剂的研究提供参考思路。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于农业除草剂领域,具体涉及一种包含环己烯酮类化合物的除草组合物及其应用。
背景技术
在农业生产过程中,施用化学农药是防治植物病、虫、草害最有效的手段,但长期连续高剂量地施用单一的化学除草剂,不仅易造成药剂的残留、环境污染等一系列问题,更易导致杂草抗药性的产生。化学除草剂的合理复配,具有扩大杀草谱,提高防治效果、延长施药适期、减少用药量等优点。中国发明专利CN113620849A公开了一种环己烯酮类化合物及其作为除草剂的用途,而生产上仍需开发安全性高、杀草谱广、能够产生增效作用并解决抗性杂草问题的除草组合物品种。
化合物3,结构式如(I),为环己烯酮类除草剂,可用于水稻田防治稗草、马唐、千金子。
环己烯酮类除草剂一般含有羟基、双键、肟等官能团,日常环境中的氧气、水分、紫外线、温度等均容易造成有效成分分解。环己烯酮类化合物常见剂型为乳油,加工成一定含量制剂后,由于溶剂和助剂中的水分、醇等物质,储存环境的光照和高温均会造成有效成分分解,其制剂的常温贮存两年的实际分解率一般大于10%,根据欧盟的文件国外企业的环己烯酮类除草剂制剂常温贮存两年其分解率也大于5%(Formulation was considerednot stable in the two-year shelf-life study as the loss of the activesubstance was greater than 5%,EFSAJournal 2011;中国发明专利CN108184827 A公开了一种采用环氧大豆油等稳定剂制备环己烯酮类乳油的方法,其物理稳定性虽然合格,但仅能用来配制环己烯酮类乳油单剂,生产过程仍需要使用大量的有机溶剂,为产品的储运和生产使用带来安全、环保等方面的风险。
中国发明专利CN 102726376 A公开了一种烯草酮可乳化粉剂的制备方法,但随着环己烯酮类药剂的连年、大量重复使用,部分杂草对环己烯酮类除草剂抗性越来越强,需要通过合适的药剂复配,降低杂草抗药性的发生和发展。目前,市场上现有的环己烯酮类化合物和其他药剂的复配制剂,有效成分热贮分解率(54,14d)和制剂的常温贮存两年的实际分解率非常高。因此,开发一种贮存稳定性高的环己烯酮类化合物的复配制剂,尤为重要。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了一种包含环己烯酮类化合物的除草组合物,制剂储存稳定性好,对水稻安全,能有效防除水稻田多种禾本科杂草,有利于水稻田抗性杂草综合治理。
本发明通过以下技术方案实现:
一种包含环己烯酮类化合物的除草组合物,其有效成分为化合物3和氰氟草酯,重量比为10:1~1:20,优选1:2~1:10,更优选1:6,化合物3结构式如(I),氰氟草酯结构式如式(II);
氰氟草酯(cyhalofop-butyl)是水稻田选择性除草剂,乙酰辅酶A羧化酶抑制剂类除草剂,主要用于防除水稻田的千金子,小龄稗草和马唐等禾本科杂草,是芳氧苯氧丙酸类除草剂中唯一对水稻具有高度安全性的品种。
所述除草组合物还包括载体和助剂,作为农药制剂辅助成分。
所述载体为水、溶剂或填料中的一种或多种。
水优选去离子水。
所述溶剂选自N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、环己酮、甲苯、二甲苯、二甲基亚砜、甲醇、乙醇、三甲基环己酮、N-辛基吡咯烷酮、乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、异丙胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、丙醇、丁醇、乙二醇、二乙二醇、乙二醇甲醚、丁醚、乙醇胺、异丙胺、油酸甲酯、Solvent 150、乙酸乙酯或乙腈中的一种或多种。
所述填料选自陶土、高岭土、硅藻土、膨润土、凹凸棒土、白炭黑、淀粉或轻质碳酸钙中的一种或多种。
所述助剂包括表面活性剂,根据不同的使用场合和需求,还可加入其他功能性助剂。
所述表面活性剂选自乳化剂、分散剂、润湿剂或渗透剂中的一种或多种,上述表面活性剂为常见的非离子表面活性剂或阴离子表面活性剂的单剂或复配制剂。
所述乳化剂选自OP系列磷酸酯(壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯)、600#磷酸酯(苯基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯)、苯乙烯聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵盐、烷基联苯醚二磺酸镁盐、三乙醇胺盐、农乳500#(十二烷基苯磺酸钙)、农乳400#(苄基二甲基酚聚氧乙基醚)、农乳700#(烷基酚甲醛树脂聚氧乙基醚)、宁乳36#(苯乙基酚甲醛树脂聚氧乙基醚)、农乳1600#(苯乙基酚聚氧乙基聚丙烯基醚)、油酸酯类乳化剂、异构醇类乳化剂、磺化琥珀酸二辛酯类乳化剂、环氧乙烷-环氧丙烷嵌段共聚物、OP系列(壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚)、BY系列(蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚)、农乳33#(烷基芳基聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚)、司盘系列(山梨醇酐单硬脂酸)、吐温系列(失水山梨醇脂酸酯聚氧乙烯醚)或AEO系列(脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚)中的一种或者多种。
所述分散剂选自聚羧酸盐、木质素磺酸盐、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚甲醛缩合物硫酸盐、烷基苯磺酸钙、萘磺酸甲醛缩合物钠盐、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪胺聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪酸聚氧乙烯醚或甘油脂肪酸酯聚氧乙烯醚中的一种或多种。
所述润湿剂选自十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、拉开粉BX、润湿渗透剂F、皂角粉、蚕沙或无患子粉中的一种或多种。
所述渗透剂选自渗透剂JFC(脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚)、氮酮或有机硅中的一种或多种。
所述其他功能性助剂选自防冻剂、增稠剂、稳定剂、崩解剂或消泡剂中一种或多种。
所述防冻剂选自乙二醇、丙二醇、丙三醇或尿素中的一种或多种。
所述增稠剂选自明胶、羧甲基纤维素钠、羟乙基纤维素、聚丙烯酸钠、改性淀粉、黄原胶、膨润土、二氧化硅或硅酸铝镁中的一种或多种。
所述稳定剂选自环氧大豆油,环氧氯丙烷、BHT、乙酸乙酯或磷酸三苯酯中的一种或多种。
所述崩解剂选自膨润土、尿素、硫酸铵、氯化铝、低取代羟丙基纤维素、乳糖、柠檬酸、丁二酸或碳酸氢钠中的一种或多种。
所述消泡剂选自硅油、硅酮类化合物、C10~C20饱和脂肪酸类化合物或C8~C10脂肪醇类化合物中的一种或多种。
本发明所述包含环己烯酮类化合物的除草组合物,其有效成分化合物3和氰氟草酯在组合物中的重量百分含量为1-95%,优选10-80%。
本发明所述除草组合物的剂型为乳油、可乳化粉剂、悬浮剂、可分散油悬浮剂、可湿性粉剂、水分散粒剂、水乳剂、微乳剂、颗粒剂、微囊悬浮剂或可溶液剂,优选乳油和可乳化粉剂,更优选可乳化粉剂。
所述除草组合物的剂型为可乳化粉剂时,制备方法如下:
(1)将化合物3、乳化剂、稳定剂混合均匀,用载体充分吸附并混合均匀,得到组分1;
(2)将氰氟草酯、乳化剂、溶剂混合均匀,用载体充分吸附并混合均匀,得到组分2;
(3)将组分1和组分2混合均匀即得。
与现有技术相比,本发明具备以下有益效果:
1、本发明所述除草组合物具有明显的增效作用,延缓杂草抗药性的产生,并降低了生产和使用成本,对水稻田多种禾本科杂草都有效;克服了化合物3在较高剂量使用时对水稻的药害问题,同时可有效解决水稻田中稗草、千金子等禾本科杂草对氰氟草酯抗性问题。
2、本发明配制的可乳化粉剂生物活性高,安全性好,药效与相同用量的乳油相当;可乳化粉剂的复配制剂中环己烯酮类化合物3热储分解率小于5%(54℃,14d),为其他环己烯酮类化合物复配制剂的研究提供参考思路。通过试验发现,当以合适的稳定剂和乳化剂等助剂,将化合物3和氰氟草酯配制成可乳化粉剂时,获得了稳定的环己烯酮类化合物3和氰氟草酯可乳化粉剂的配方,其热贮分解率小于5%(54,14d),其制剂的乳液稳定性良好。
3、本发明所述除草组合物配方中不用或仅用少量有机溶剂,既节省了大量的有机溶剂、避免了有机溶剂在生产和使用时对人及环境的危害,又可提高生产、贮存、运输的安全性。
4、制备方法简单,产品流动性好,环己烯酮类化合物的储存稳定性好。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例具体说明本发明。
采用化合物3和氰氟草酯不同配比的室内联合毒力生物测定试验来证明两者复配后增效作用。
1.1供试药剂
97%化合物3原药、97%氰氟草酯原药。
1.2供试靶标:稗草
1.3实验步骤
采用盆栽茎叶处理法(NY/T1155.4-2006):在高6cm、直径9cm的塑料钵内装定量土,将供试靶标杂草种子15-20粒播种在塑料钵内,盖0.5-1cm厚的细土后放在温室内培养,待杂草长至2-4叶期进行茎叶喷雾处理,每钵喷液1mL,每处理重复4次,并设不含药剂的处理为对照。处理后试才置于温室内培养,定期观察靶标杂草的生长情况,15d后目测靶标受害症状及生长抑制情况,并称地上部分鲜重或株鲜重,以靶标杂草鲜重抑制率评价药剂对其毒力作用。
1.4调查时间:试验处理15d后目测靶标受害症状及生长抑制情况,并称地上部分鲜重。
1.5数据统计与分析:
根据调查统计,计算鲜重抑制率(%)。
鲜重抑制率P(%)=(对照鲜重-处理鲜重)/处理鲜重×100。
联合作用评价方法:
根据Gowing法评价除草剂联合作用方式(NY/T1155.7-2006),其公式如下:
E0=X+Y-XY/100
式中,X为化合物3以某剂量单用时对靶标杂草的鲜重抑制率;
Y为氰氟草酯以某剂量单用时对靶标杂草的鲜重抑制率;
E0为化合物3和氰氟草酯二种药剂混用时对靶标杂草鲜重抑制率的理论值;
E为化合物3和氰氟草酯二种药剂混用时对靶标杂草鲜重抑制率的实测值。
评价标准:当E-E0>10%时表示为增效作用,当-10%≤E-E0≤10%时表示为相加作用,当E-E0<-10%时表示为拮抗作用。
2.1毒力测定结果
表1化合物3和氰氟草酯复配的联合毒力测定
毒力试验例表明,按有效成分化合物3和氰氟草酯比例为1:2~1:10复配时表现出一定的增效作用,其中以化合物3和氰氟草酯比例为1:6时增效最明显。建议按适宜配比复配制剂进一步的进行田间药效试验,以评价其田间实际应用效果。
以下采用田间药效小区试验方法,进一步验证化合物3和氰氟草酯复配在大田施用对水稻田禾本科杂草防除效果。
化合物3和氰氟草酯复配防治水稻田杂草田间药效试验
试验药剂:化合物3和氰氟草酯的复配组合物,由山东海诺格生物科技有限公司研发中心提供;
对照药剂1:10%氰氟草酯乳油;
对照药剂2:10%化合物3乳油;
设人工除草和清水对照处理(CK)。
使用方法:每亩兑水30升后均匀茎叶喷雾于各小区内。实验小区采用随机区组排列,每个处理重复四次。
施药时间:2020年6月10日,于水稻4-7叶期,田间杂草2-3叶期,进行茎叶喷雾1次。
施药地点:安徽省滁州市天长市
调查方法及药效计算
调查杂草对象为:稗草、千金子、马唐等杂草,调查施药后7天、15天对杂草的株防效及15天的鲜重防效。
以下实施例中百分比均为重量百分比,田间药效的处理剂量均为有效成分用量,化合物3和氰氟草酯复配的田间药效结果见表2。
实施例1(14%化合物3·氰氟草酯乳油)
组分及含量:化合物3,2%;氰氟草酯,12%;十二烷基磺酸钙6%,苯乙烯基苯酚聚氧乙烯醚6%,溶剂油,余量。
制备方法如下:按实施例提供的组分及其重量百分比,将化合物3和氰氟草酯加入溶剂中,并在其中加入乳化剂,在搅拌混合釜中搅拌混合均匀即可。搅拌混合釜可选用搪瓷反应釜、不锈钢搅拌釜等。
实施例2(14%化合物3·氰氟草酯可乳化粉剂)
组分及含量:化合物3,2%;氰氟草酯,12%;环氧大豆油,3%;Solvent 150,8%;磺化琥珀酸二辛酯钠,2%;蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚,6%;萘磺酸甲醛缩合物钠盐,2%;硅藻土,3%;白炭黑,余量。
制备方法如下:按实施例提供的组分及其重量百分比,将化合物3加入环氧大豆油中,加入部分乳化剂充分混合均匀,用部分分散剂、硅藻土和白炭黑充分吸附并混合均匀,得到组分1;将氰氟草酯加入Solvent 150中,添加合适比例的乳化剂充分混合均匀,用部分分散剂、硅藻土和白炭黑充分吸附并混合均匀,得到组分2;将组分1和组分2充分混合均匀,即得可乳化粉剂。
实施例3(21%化合物3·氰氟草酯水乳剂)
组分及含量:化合物3,3%;氰氟草酯,18%;苯乙烯基苯酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯,3%;壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚,2%;蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚,2%;溶剂油,20%;水,余量。
制备方法如下:按实施例提供的组分及其重量百分比,将化合物3和氰氟草酯加入溶剂中,并在其中加入乳化剂,在搅拌混合釜中搅拌混合均匀,作为油相;在剪切状态下,将油相缓慢滴加入适量水中,经高速剪切机剪切均匀,即得水乳剂。
实施例4(35%化合物3·氰氟草酯可分散油悬浮剂)
组分及含量:化合物3,5%;氰氟草酯,30%;乳化剂农乳BY-125,7%;壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯8%;增稠剂选用有机膨润土,用量为1.6%;油酸甲酯,余量。
制备方法如下:按实施例提供的组分及其重量百分比,将化合物3和氰氟草酯、表面活性剂和其他功能性助剂依次置于反应釜中,加油酸甲酯混合均匀,经高速剪切,湿法砂磨,最后匀质过滤即得可分散油悬浮剂。主要设备是配料釜、胶体磨或匀质混合机、砂磨机。
实施例5(21%化合物3·氰氟草酯可分散油悬浮剂)
组分及含量:化合物3,3%;氰氟草酯,18%;乳化剂农乳BY-125,7%;壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯8%;增稠剂选用有机膨润土,用量为2.0%;油酸甲酯,余量。
制备方法与实施例3方法相同。主要设备是配料釜、胶体磨或匀质混合机、砂磨机。
实施例6(14%化合物3·氰氟草酯可溶液剂)
组分及含量:化合物3,2%;氰氟草酯,12%;农乳500#,3%;农乳OP-10,10%;乙酸乙酯,15%;无水乙醇,余量。
制备方法如下:按实施例提供的组分及其重量百分比,将化合物3和氰氟草酯加入溶剂中,并在其中加入乳化剂,在搅拌混合釜中搅拌混合均匀即可。搅拌混合釜可选用搪瓷反应釜、不锈钢搅拌釜等。
表2化合物3和氰氟草酯复配的田间药效
田间药效试验结果表明,化合物3单独使用对水稻田稗草防效较好,对马唐防效较差,化合物3和氰氟草酯以1:6复配对水稻田稗草、马唐均有较好防效。同时,二者复配可以减少用药量,延缓杂草抗药性的产生,同时显著增长药剂持效期。根据田间目测,在试验剂量范围内,作物生长正常,未见植株产生药害及异常现象,说明其对试验的水稻品种是安全的。
目前市场上环己烯酮类化合物主要的加工制剂为乳油,由于环己烯酮类化合物在有光、热、水、醇存在条件下都不稳定,导致用其所配置成的乳油也极不稳定。同时,乳油要使用大量有机溶剂,不符合安全环保的要求,产品运输过程中也有安全风险。可乳化粉剂使用极少量溶剂,常温下,制剂是固体形态,便于储运。
对本发明的乳油和可乳化粉剂储存稳定性等指标进行检测,结果如表3。
表3乳油和可乳化粉剂产品指标检测结果
检测结果表明,本发明的14%化合物3·氰氟草酯乳油和14%化合物3·氰氟草酯可乳化粉剂54±2℃热贮14d后,化合物3和氰氟草酯热贮分解率均有较大差别,可乳化粉剂中两个有效成分热贮分解率更低。说明将化合物3、乳化剂、稳定剂混合均匀,用载体充分吸附并混合均匀得到组分1,将氰氟草酯、乳化剂、溶剂混合均匀,用载体充分吸附并混合均匀得到组分2,再将组分1和组分2混合均匀的生产工艺,避免了环己烯酮类化合物接触到氰氟草酯可乳化粉剂中溶剂和乳化剂中少量水分和醇等物质,从而保证环己烯酮类化合物有更好的贮存稳定性。
综上所述,本发明含有化合物3和氰氟草酯的除草组合物,主要用于防除水稻田的稗草、马唐等禾本科杂草,且对靶标作物安全,与单剂相比,本发明除草组合物具有增效显著,有效成分用量少,持效期较长,延缓杂草抗药性的产生等明显优点。本发明提供的化合物3·氰氟草酯可乳化粉剂,大量减少有机溶剂使用,不仅在生产、使用、贮存、运输过程中安全,对环境污染小,而且具有加工工艺简单、成本低等优点,与乳油药效相当;同时保证化合物3热贮分解率小于5%(54℃,14d),因而具有非常好的应用前景。也为环己烯酮类化合物复配制剂改善有效成分的贮存稳定性提供参考思路。本发明的研发及推广有着重大的社会意义及环保意义。
Claims (10)
1.一种包含环己烯酮类化合物的除草组合物,其特征在于:其有效成分为化合物3和氰氟草酯,重量比为10:1~1:20,化合物3结构式如(I),氰氟草酯结构式如式(II);
2.根据权利要求1所述的包含环己烯酮类化合物的除草组合物,其特征在于:化合物3和氰氟草酯的重量比为1:2~1:10。
3.根据权利要求2所述的包含环己烯酮类化合物的除草组合物,其特征在于:化合物3和氰氟草酯的重量比为1:6。
4.根据权利要求1所述的包含环己烯酮类化合物的除草组合物,其特征在于:所述除草组合物还包括载体和助剂。
5.根据权利要求4所述的包含环己烯酮类化合物的除草组合物,其特征在于:其有效成分化合物3和氰氟草酯在组合物中的重量百分含量为1-95%。
6.根据权利要求5所述的包含环己烯酮类化合物的除草组合物,其特征在于:其有效成分化合物3和氰氟草酯在组合物中的重量百分含量为10-80%。
7.根据权利要求1所述的包含环己烯酮类化合物的除草组合物,其特征在于:所述除草组合物的剂型为乳油、可乳化粉剂、悬浮剂、可分散油悬浮剂、可湿性粉剂、水分散粒剂、水乳剂、微乳剂、颗粒剂、微囊悬浮剂或可溶液剂。
8.根据权利要求7所述的包含环己烯酮类化合物的除草组合物,其特征在于:所述除草组合物的剂型为可乳化粉剂。
9.根据权利要求8所述的包含环己烯酮类化合物的除草组合物,其特征在于:所述除草组合物的剂型为可乳化粉剂时,制备方法如下:
(1)将化合物3、乳化剂、稳定剂混合均匀,用载体充分吸附并混合均匀,得到组分1;
(2)将氰氟草酯、乳化剂、溶剂混合均匀,用载体充分吸附并混合均匀,得到组分2;
(3)将组分1和组分2混合均匀即得。
10.一种权利要求1-9任一项所述的包含环己烯酮类化合物的除草组合物的应用,其特征在于:应用于水稻田除草。
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