CN117833286A - Seasonal energy storage contract electric quantity decomposition method based on generating capacity adequacy - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a seasonal energy storage contract electric quantity decomposition method based on the adequacy of power generation capacity, which comprises the steps of firstly determining the initial power generation capacity according to the power generation characteristics of a thermal power unit, a reservoir hydroelectric unit, a wind power unit and a photovoltaic unit, then adjusting the initial power generation capacity of the units by combining shutdown factors, and finally constructing an optimization model aiming at the minimum adequacy of the power generation capacity of the system by considering the influence of seasonal energy storage on the adequacy of the power generation capacity; the method solves the problem of insufficient research on combination of the system power generation capacity adequacy and seasonal energy storage contract electric quantity decomposition strategy in the prior art, has the characteristics of elaborating the system power generation capacity adequacy calculation method, guaranteeing the universality of the decomposition method, providing thinking for solving the problem of overlarge system adequacy fluctuation after new energy is added, verifying the feasibility of a model and providing reference opinion for selecting a proper energy storage mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of planning and scheduling of power systems, and particularly relates to a seasonal energy storage contract electric quantity decomposition method based on the adequacy of power generation capacity.
Background
With the increase of the new energy duty ratio in the modern power grid, the intermittence and randomness of the new energy provide great challenges for the supply and demand balance of the power system. The new energy has remarkable seasonal characteristics, and the larger the new energy ratio is, the larger the contradiction between seasonal energy demand and supply of the power system is, and the more urgent is the demand of the power grid for energy translation in a long time scale. As an important flexible adjustment resource, energy storage becomes the first choice for solving the problem of unbalance of power supply and demand. In order to realize long-time energy translation, stabilize the fluctuation of electricity quantity for days, months and even seasonally, and enable the energy storage to participate in the regulation process of months, seasons and years, long-time and large-capacity energy storage technologies are often required to be adopted, and the energy storage technologies are defined as seasonally energy storage. At present, seasonal energy storage mainly converts electric energy into other forms of energy for storage, and the main energy storage methods include pumped storage, hydrogen storage and the like.
For a system comprising traditional energy, renewable energy and seasonal energy storage, how to reasonably plan the charge and discharge amount of the seasonal energy storage is a problem related to long-term contracts, and the long-term contracts are decomposed before the actual operation of the power grid, so that the contracts can be executed during the dispatching operation. The primary task of the power industry is reliable power supply, as an important branch of the power supply reliability standard, the generating capacity adequacy characterizes the ability of the power system to continuously meet the power and electricity demands of users, and also to meet the power supply demands of the system at peak loads and when the elements are out of service. The adequacy can be used for evaluating the supply and demand relation of the power system, so that the adequacy can be used as an index of seasonal energy storage contract electric quantity decomposition.
The prior patent documents related to contract decomposition are:
patent document 1: chinese patent (application number: CN 202211449146.5) discloses a middle-long-term contract electric quantity decomposition method considering carbon emission balance, which decomposes annual contracts to month by considering the completion progress balance of unit contracts and carbon emission balance and provides decision support for decomposing middle-long-term contract electric quantity of market operation institutions.
Patent document 2: the Chinese patent (application number: CN 202310168256.2) discloses a multi-energy system seasonal energy storage planning method based on multi-period seasonal decomposition, which carries out MSTL decomposition on historical new energy output, power consumption demand and power consumption demand of a user, plans the multi-energy system seasonal energy storage by utilizing energy conversion equations and power balance equations of all devices in the multi-energy system, and has the advantage of comprehensively considering the multi-energy system from multiple time scales.
Patent document 3: the Chinese patent (application number: CN 202110172142.6) provides a generator set scheduling method based on middle-long-term spread contract electric quantity decomposition, which aims at maximizing the generating income of the generator set and combines the change rule of the daily clear electricity price to construct a middle-long-term spread contract decomposition curve of the generator set, thereby improving the scheduling precision of the generator set.
The above patent document 1 considers a contract decomposition method from the object of carbon emission balance; the patent document 2 synthesizes new energy output and electricity demand to carry out seasonal decomposition, and provides a planning strategy for seasonal energy storage of the multi-source system; patent document 3 makes a scheduling plan for a generator set based on medium-long term spread contract electric quantity. The above patent documents do not propose a decomposition method using seasonal energy storage to balance the adequacy of the power system; based on the above analysis, the deficiencies of the prior art patents are specifically as follows:
(1) The ability of seasonal energy storage to adjust the supply and demand balance of the system in a long-term planning schedule is not considered.
(2) The combination of the strategy of decomposing the electricity of the seasonal energy storage contract and the adequacy of the power generation capacity of the system is not researched enough.
(3) The method of important regulation resources of reservoir type hydropower stations to participate in the assessment of the adequacy of the electric power system is not discussed.
In view of the foregoing, there is a need to design a seasonal energy storage contract electricity decomposition method based on the abundance of power generation capacity to solve the above-mentioned problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a seasonal energy storage contract electric quantity decomposition method based on the adequacy of power generation capacity, which solves the problems that the prior art does not consider the capacity of regulating the balance of supply and demand of a system in long-term planning and scheduling of seasonal energy storage, the research of combining the adequacy of the power generation capacity of the system and the electric quantity decomposition strategy of the seasonal energy storage contract, and the method of participating in the adequacy evaluation of a power system for important regulating resources of a reservoir hydropower station is not discussed, has the characteristics of elaborating the calculation method of the adequacy of the power generation capacity of the system, ensuring the universality of the decomposition method, providing thinking for solving the problem that the adequacy fluctuation of the system is overlarge after new energy is added, verifying the feasibility of a model and providing reference opinion for selecting a proper energy storage mode.
In order to realize the technical characteristics, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a seasonal energy storage contract electricity decomposition method based on the abundance of power generation capacity, comprising the steps of:
s1, analyzing an initial capacity calculation method of various units:
s2, analyzing initial capacity adjustment methods of different generator sets and a power system adequacy assessment method under the participation of seasonal energy storage, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
s201, unit initial capacity adjustment, wherein the unit initial capacity adjustment is divided into adjustment under the influence of planned outage factors and unplanned outage factors;
s202, calculating the adequacy of the power system under the participation of seasonal energy storage;
s3, establishing a generating capacity adequacy objective function of the power system considering seasonal energy storage regulation capacity;
s4, establishing constraint conditions of a decomposition model, wherein the constraint conditions comprise seasonal energy storage annual period balance constraint, capacity adequacy margin constraint of each period, generator assembly capacity constraint, seasonal energy storage assembly capacity and reservoir capacity constraint and energy storage discharge power constraint.
Preferably, in step S1, the power generation capacity evaluation object of the electric power system is classified into a conventional energy source and a renewable energy source according to primary energy sources, and an adjustable power source and a non-adjustable power source according to adjustability; the adjustable power supply takes adjustable thermal power and reservoir type hydroelectric power as research objects, and the non-adjustable power supply takes wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation as research objects; the unit initial capacity calculation of the various units comprises:
taking the power supply characteristic and the primary energy difference into consideration, verifying the initial capacity of thermal power, reservoir type hydroelectric power and wind photovoltaic:
the initial capacity of the thermal power generating unit is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the initial capacity of the thermal power unit +.>The historical maximum power of the thermal power generating unit in the period of three years is obtained;
the initial capacity of reservoir type hydropower is:
in the method, in the process of the invention,the initial capacity of the hydroelectric generating set; />The maximum power of the running of the hydroelectric generating set is set; />An adjustable component of the initial capacity of the hydroelectric generating set corresponding to an adjustable portion of the initial capacity of the hydroelectric generating set having an adjustment capability; />For an unadjustable fraction of the initial capacity of the hydroelectric generating set, corresponding to an unadjustable fraction of the initial capacity of the hydropower station with an adjustment capacity; d (D) max Is the maximum load of the system; d (D) 0 According to the annual continuous load curve and the adjustment energy of the hydroelectric generating set, the annual continuous load curve and the horizontal line D are satisfied 0 The area between the two is equal to the adjustment energy of the hydroelectric generating set; />When the hydropower station is in the dead water year, the hydropower station can generate adjustable annual average water flow, and beta is the power generation efficiency of the hydropower station;
the initial capacity of the wind-driven photovoltaic is as follows, a peak load rate method is adopted:
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the initial capacity of a wind or photovoltaic power generation unit, < >>Is the lowest value in the average power generation of the wind power generation unit or the photovoltaic power generation unit, and is +.>And the average value of the power generated by the wind power or photovoltaic generator set is corresponding to the m highest load periods of the annual load curve of each system.
Preferably, step S201 includes:
s2011, taking the plant power consumption condition of the generator set and the annual scheduled maintenance condition of the generator set into consideration by the scheduled outage factor, and regarding the initial capacity C I0,i And (3) adjusting:
wherein C is I,i To take into account the abundant capacity of the unit i after the planned outage factor, F 1,i To penalty factor proportional to the plant power of the generator set, F 2,i A penalty factor proportional to annual scheduled service maintenance time for the genset;
s2012, taking the unplanned outage factors into consideration the unplanned outage factors of the generator set, and according to the forced outage rate epsilon FOR Simulating a random forced outage state of an adjustable power supply by using a Monte Carlo method, and sampling to obtain a unit state at each moment in each unit planning time period; random sampling to generate N G [0,1 ]]Random number betweenThe state parameters of the generator set i at the time t are determined by the random number as follows:
in the formula, 1 represents that the unit is in a normal state, and 0 represents that the unit is in a fault state;
the abundant capacity of the adjustable unit is adjusted to be:
wherein C is ps,i Is the abundant capacity of the unit, S i,t Is a state parameter, N t The number of times that a cycle contains is evaluated for a single adequacy.
Preferably, in step S202, the seasonal energy storage is chargeable and dischargeable, the charging is equal to the load, the discharging is equal to the power supply, and the participation of the seasonal energy storage increases or decreases the output of the generator set, and the load is decomposed into the power generation side component and the energy storage side component to consider the participation of the seasonal energy storage; the system adequacy is therefore:
wherein alpha is the power generation capacity adequacy of the power system, C ss Discharge power per unit time for seasonal energy storage, D peak The peak load of the system is defined as the average value of the load corresponding to the m highest load periods in the annual load curve in a certain system or subsystem;
in the conventional energy storage contract decomposition model, the energy storage contract electric quantity is generally an energy variable which represents the total charge and discharge electric quantity agreed in the period, and the adequacy-based contract decomposition method is used for ensuring the uniformity of the molecular denominator magnitude, wherein the energy variable divided by time is converted into an average contract power variable C ss ：
Wherein E is ss Contract electric quantity for seasonal energy storage in the period, P ss,dis,t And P ss,ch,t The discharging power and the charging power of the seasonal energy storage at the time t are respectively, and at least one of the discharging power and the charging power is 0 at the same time.
Preferably, step S3 includes:
the method is characterized by taking the annual adequacy fluctuation of a power system of stabilizing traditional energy, new energy and seasonal energy storage as an optimization purpose, taking the minimum adequacy standard deviation as a goal, and establishing the following objective function:
wherein F is the standard deviation of the adequacy of the power system, alpha is the adequacy of the power generation capacity of the power system,the average power generation capacity adequacy of the power system is calculated, and T is the time period number of one planning period;
according to the evaluation method of step S1, the adequacy of the power system in the period t is:
in the objective function, the power generation capacity of thermal power, hydroelectric power and wind power is calculated according to the unit assembly capacity and the historical operation data, and the load peak value is calculated according to the historical data; the average contract power of the seasonal energy storage in each period is planned according to the model and is used as a decision variable.
Preferably, in step S4, the seasonal energy storage year cycle balance constraint includes:
the seasonal energy storage energy loss comprises the loss caused by energy conversion and the loss caused by energy leakage:
wherein E is ss,loss The seasonal energy storage is the electric quantity lost due to energy conversion and energy leakage;
supplementing the influence of upstream water supply, rainfall, evaporation and irrigation on the water quantity of a reservoir in a pumped storage power station:
in which W is ss,r The variable quantity of reservoir water quantity, beta, caused by upstream water supply, rainfall, evaporation and irrigation of the pumped storage power station respectively w The conversion rate of the unit water amount into electric energy.
Preferably, in step S4, the capacity adequacy margin constraint for each period includes:
α min (t)＜α(t)＜α max (t)；
wherein alpha is min And alpha max The lower and upper limits of the power system adequacy operation are respectively.
Preferably, in step S4, the generator set capacity constraint includes:
in the method, in the process of the invention,the total installed capacity of the generator set comprises thermal power, hydroelectric power and wind and light.
Preferably, in step S4, the seasonal energy storage machine assembly capacity and the reservoir capacity constraint include:
in the method, in the process of the invention,capacity of the seasonal energy storage general assembly machine; e (E) ss,max And E is ss,min Respectively the minimum electric quantity and the maximum electric quantity stored for the operation of the pumped storage power station, E ss And the electric quantity stored in the pumped storage power station.
Preferably, in step S4, the energy storage discharge power constraint includes:
C ss,min (t)＜C ss (t)＜C ss,max (t)；
wherein C is ss,min And C ss,max The lower limit and the upper limit of the energy storage power of each period of seasonal energy storage are respectively allowed; the lower and upper limits of average contract power allowance are determined artificially according to the unbalance degree of the system supply and demand and the seasonal energy storage standby capacity requirement.
Further, the power generation side of the system consists of an adjustable unit and a non-adjustable unit:
the adjustable unit comprises thermal power and reservoir type hydropower, and the adequacy is mainly influenced by primary energy characteristics and installation conditions; unadjustable unit adequacy due to its uncontrollability, its adequacy is estimated from historical operating conditions, irrespective of the effects of extreme weather conditions.
Further, seasonal energy storage plays a role in regulating system adequacy in the power system, and stabilizes power system adequacy fluctuation caused by new energy seasonal difference:
if the total discharge amount of seasonal energy storage in the period is larger than the total charge amount, part of load demands of the system can be born, so that the pressure of the generator set is reduced, and the adequacy of the system is improved;
if the total discharge amount of the seasonal energy storage in the period is smaller than the total charge amount, the pressure of the generator set is increased due to the overall charging trend, and the system adequacy is reduced;
the power generation pressure in the peak period is transferred to the valley period through the long-term power storage capacity of seasonal energy storage, so that the purpose of stabilizing the adequacy fluctuation of the power system is achieved.
Further, the adequacy fluctuation of the power system is described by adopting a standard deviation formula, seasonal energy storage average contract power is used as a decision variable, the charging and discharging total electric quantity of the seasonal energy storage in each period is reasonably arranged, and an adequacy standard deviation optimization model of the power system is built by combining the loss of the energy storage, so that the purposes of stabilizing the seasonal fluctuation of the power system and balancing the seasonal supply and demand of a power grid of 'traditional energy and new energy' are achieved.
The seasonal energy storage contract electric quantity decomposition method based on the generating capacity adequacy has the following beneficial effects:
1, the patent builds a traditional energy, new energy and seasonal energy storage system covering common traditional units, new energy units and seasonal energy storage, and elaborates a power generation capacity adequacy calculation method of the system, thereby ensuring the universality of the decomposition method;
2, establishing an optimization model by taking the adequacy fluctuation degree of the power system as an index of seasonal energy storage contract decomposition, and providing a thought for solving the problem that the adequacy fluctuation of the system is overlarge after new energy is added;
and 3, discussing model differences of two long-term energy storage, namely pumped storage and hydrogen energy storage, which participate in contract decomposition, and comparing the model differences with examples, thereby not only verifying the feasibility of the model, but also providing reference comments for selecting a proper energy storage mode.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the conditioning energy of the hydroelectric generating set of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a system configuration diagram in a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a system raw adequacy curve in a second embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of annual load, adjustable output and non-adjustable output in a second embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of three scenario optimization results in the second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiment one:
as shown in fig. 1, a seasonal energy storage contract electricity decomposition method based on the abundance of power generation capacity includes the steps of:
s1, analyzing an initial capacity calculation method of various units:
s2, analyzing initial capacity adjustment methods of different generator sets and a power system adequacy assessment method under the participation of seasonal energy storage, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
s201, unit initial capacity adjustment, wherein the unit initial capacity adjustment is divided into adjustment under the influence of planned outage factors and unplanned outage factors;
s202, calculating the adequacy of the power system under the participation of seasonal energy storage;
s3, establishing a generating capacity adequacy objective function of the power system considering seasonal energy storage regulation capacity;
s4, establishing constraint conditions of a decomposition model, wherein the constraint conditions comprise seasonal energy storage annual period balance constraint, capacity adequacy margin constraint of each period, generator assembly capacity constraint, seasonal energy storage assembly capacity and reservoir capacity constraint and energy storage discharge power constraint.
Preferably, in step S1, the power generation capacity evaluation object of the electric power system is classified into a conventional energy source and a renewable energy source according to primary energy sources, and an adjustable power source and a non-adjustable power source according to adjustability; the adjustable power supply takes adjustable thermal power and reservoir type hydroelectric power as research objects, and the non-adjustable power supply takes wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation as research objects; the unit initial capacity calculation of the various units comprises:
taking the power supply characteristic and the primary energy difference into consideration, verifying the initial capacity of thermal power, reservoir type hydroelectric power and wind photovoltaic:
the initial capacity of the thermal power generating unit is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the initial capacity of the thermal power unit +.>The historical maximum power of the thermal power generating unit in the period of three years is obtained;
the initial capacity of reservoir type hydropower is:
in the method, in the process of the invention,the initial capacity of the hydroelectric generating set; />The maximum power of the running of the hydroelectric generating set is set; />An adjustable component of the initial capacity of the hydroelectric generating set corresponding to an adjustable portion of the initial capacity of the hydroelectric generating set having an adjustment capability; />For an unadjustable fraction of the initial capacity of the hydroelectric generating set, corresponding to an unadjustable fraction of the initial capacity of the hydropower station with an adjustment capacity; d (D) max Is the maximum load of the system; />For the dead water year, the hydropower station can be used for generating electricityAnnual average water flow, beta is the power generation efficiency of the hydropower station;
as shown in FIG. 2, D 0 According to the annual continuous load curve and the adjustment energy of the hydroelectric generating set, the requirements are as follows: the annual continuous load curve and horizontal line D as shown in FIG. 2 0 The area between the two is equal to the adjustment energy of the hydroelectric generating set;
the initial capacity of the wind-driven photovoltaic is as follows, a peak load rate method is adopted:
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the initial capacity of a wind or photovoltaic power generation unit, < >>Is the lowest value in the average power generation of the wind power generation unit or the photovoltaic power generation unit, and is +.>And the average value of the power generated by the wind power or photovoltaic generator set is corresponding to the m highest load periods of the annual load curve of each system.
Preferably, step S201 includes:
s2011, taking the plant power consumption condition of the generator set and the annual scheduled maintenance condition of the generator set into consideration by the scheduled outage factor, and regarding the initial capacity C I0,i And (3) adjusting:
wherein C is I,i To take into account the abundant capacity of the unit i after the planned outage factor, F 1,i To penalty factor proportional to the plant power of the generator set, F 2,i A penalty factor proportional to annual scheduled service maintenance time for the genset;
S2012, taking the unplanned outage factor of the generator set into consideration, and according to the forced outage rate epsilon FOR Simulating a random forced outage state of an adjustable power supply by using a Monte Carlo method, and sampling to obtain a unit state at each moment in each unit planning time period; random sampling to generate N G [0,1 ]]Random number betweenThe state parameters of the generator set i at the time t are determined by the random number as follows:
in the formula, 1 represents that the unit is in a normal state, and 0 represents that the unit is in a fault state;
the abundant capacity of the adjustable unit is adjusted to be:
wherein C is ps,i Is the abundant capacity of the unit, S i,t Is a state parameter, N t The number of times that a cycle contains is evaluated for a single adequacy.
Preferably, in step S202, the seasonal energy storage is chargeable and dischargeable, the charging is equal to the load, the discharging is equal to the power supply, and the participation of the seasonal energy storage increases or decreases the output of the generator set, and the load is decomposed into the power generation side component and the energy storage side component to consider the participation of the seasonal energy storage; the system adequacy is therefore:
wherein beta is the power generation capacity adequacy of the power system, C ss Discharge power per unit time for seasonal energy storage, D peak Is defined as the peak load of the systemIn a certain system or subsystem, calculating the average value of the load corresponding to the m highest load periods in the annual load curve;
in the conventional energy storage contract decomposition model, the energy storage contract electric quantity is generally an energy variable which represents the total charge and discharge electric quantity agreed in the period, and the adequacy-based contract decomposition method is used for ensuring the uniformity of the molecular denominator magnitude, wherein the energy variable divided by time is converted into an average contract power variable C ss ：
Wherein E is ss Contract electric quantity for seasonal energy storage in the period, P ss,dis,t And P ss,ch,t The discharging power and the charging power of the seasonal energy storage at the time t are respectively, and at least one of the discharging power and the charging power is 0 at the same time.
Preferably, step S3 includes:
the method is characterized by taking the annual adequacy fluctuation of a power system of stabilizing traditional energy, new energy and seasonal energy storage as an optimization purpose, taking the minimum adequacy standard deviation as a goal, and establishing the following objective function:
wherein F is the standard deviation of the adequacy of the power system, alpha is the adequacy of the power generation capacity of the power system,the average power generation capacity adequacy of the power system is calculated, and T is the time period number of one planning period;
according to the evaluation method of step S1, the adequacy of the power system in the period t is:
in the objective function, the power generation capacity of thermal power, hydroelectric power and wind power is calculated according to the unit assembly capacity and the historical operation data, and the load peak value is calculated according to the historical data; the average contract power of the seasonal energy storage in each period is planned according to the model and is used as a decision variable.
Preferably, in step S4, the seasonal energy storage year cycle balance constraint includes:
the seasonal energy storage energy loss comprises the loss caused by energy conversion and the loss caused by energy leakage:
wherein E is ss,loss The seasonal energy storage is the electric quantity lost due to energy conversion and energy leakage;
supplementing the influence of upstream water supply, rainfall, evaporation and irrigation on the water quantity of a reservoir in a pumped storage power station:
in which W is ss,r The variable quantity of reservoir water quantity, beta, caused by upstream water supply, rainfall, evaporation and irrigation of the pumped storage power station respectively w The conversion rate of the unit water amount into electric energy.
Preferably, in step S4, the capacity adequacy margin constraint for each period includes:
α min (t)＜α(t)＜α max (t)；
wherein alpha is min And alpha max The lower and upper limits of the power system adequacy operation are respectively.
Preferably, in step S4, the generator set capacity constraint includes:
in the middle of，The total installed capacity of the generator set comprises thermal power, hydroelectric power and wind and light.
Preferably, in step S4, the seasonal energy storage machine assembly capacity and the reservoir capacity constraint include:
in the method, in the process of the invention,capacity of the seasonal energy storage general assembly machine; e (E) ss,max And E is ss,min Respectively the minimum electric quantity and the maximum electric quantity stored for the operation of the pumped storage power station, E ss And the electric quantity stored in the pumped storage power station.
Preferably, in step S4, the energy storage discharge power constraint includes:
C ss,min (t)＜C ss (t)＜C ss,max (t)；
wherein C is ss,min And C ss,max The lower limit and the upper limit of the energy storage power of each period of seasonal energy storage are respectively allowed; the lower and upper limits of average contract power allowance are determined artificially according to the unbalance degree of the system supply and demand and the seasonal energy storage standby capacity requirement.
Further, the power generation side of the system consists of an adjustable unit and a non-adjustable unit:
the adjustable unit comprises thermal power and reservoir type hydropower, and the adequacy is mainly influenced by primary energy characteristics and installation conditions; unadjustable unit adequacy due to its uncontrollability, its adequacy is estimated from historical operating conditions, irrespective of the effects of extreme weather conditions.
Further, seasonal energy storage plays a role in regulating system adequacy in the power system, and stabilizes power system adequacy fluctuation caused by new energy seasonal difference:
if the total discharge amount of seasonal energy storage in the period is larger than the total charge amount, part of load demands of the system can be born, so that the pressure of the generator set is reduced, and the adequacy of the system is improved;
if the total discharge amount of the seasonal energy storage in the period is smaller than the total charge amount, the pressure of the generator set is increased due to the overall charging trend, and the system adequacy is reduced;
the power generation pressure in the peak period is transferred to the valley period through the long-term power storage capacity of seasonal energy storage, so that the purpose of stabilizing the adequacy fluctuation of the power system is achieved.
Further, the adequacy fluctuation of the power system is described by adopting a standard deviation formula, seasonal energy storage average contract power is used as a decision variable, the charging and discharging total electric quantity of the seasonal energy storage in each period is reasonably arranged, and an adequacy standard deviation optimization model of the power system is built by combining the loss of the energy storage, so that the purposes of stabilizing the seasonal fluctuation of the power system and balancing the seasonal supply and demand of a power grid of 'traditional energy and new energy' are achieved.
Embodiment two:
step one, the configuration of the power system is shown in fig. 3, and the capacity and parameters of each unit are shown in the following table 1.
As shown in fig. 4, the total output curve of the system can be adjusted, namely, thermal power and hydropower adjustable components, the total output curve of the non-adjustable system can be used for adjusting wind power, photovoltaic and hydropower non-adjustable components, and the system load demand change curve.
Table 1: set parameters
Step two, according to the historical operation data, calculating the initial capacity of each power plant, and calculating the original change curve of the generating capacity adequacy of the generating side of each month as shown in fig. 5, wherein the adequacy means the generating side power supply energy in the period of timeThe force is higher than the load side electricity demand, and a low adequacy means that the power generation side power supply capacity is lower than the load side electricity demand during this period. The unbalance of supply and demand is divided into two cases of high-frequency low-frequency use and high-frequency low-frequency use; according to FIG. 5, the high-power low-power period and the high-power low-power period of the power system can be initially divided, and a reference range is provided for constraint conditions of a subsequent planning decomposition model; for example, it may be provided that seasonal stores in the three months with the highest abundance can be charged primarily as a whole, i.e. C ss,max Less than or equal to 0; seasonal energy storage in the three months with lowest abundance is mainly discharged, C ss,min ≥0。
Substituting the calculated power generation capacity of each power plant into an optimization model to construct an objective function, and reasonably defining each constraint condition.
Step four, setting three scenes for comparison:
scene 1: the power supply side comprises a thermal power station, a reservoir type hydropower station, wind power and photovoltaic, and seasonal energy storage is not arranged.
Scene 2: the power supply side comprises a thermal power station, a reservoir type hydropower station, wind power stations and photovoltaics, seasonal energy storage selects pumped storage, the single machine capacity of the pumping and storage unit is 300MW, and the installed number is 3.
Scene 3: the power supply side comprises a thermal power station, a reservoir type hydropower station, wind power stations and photovoltaic stations, seasonal energy storage and hydrogen storage are selected, the single-machine capacity of the hydrogen mixing gas turbine is 300MW, and the installed number is 3.
The relevant results are obtained through an optimization algorithm, and the following is the adequacy of the system optimized according to the method so as to verify the effectiveness of the method. In three scenarios, the change in the abundance of the system for each month over the year period is shown in fig. 6.
The calculated seasonal stored energy average contract power for each month for scenario 2 and scenario 3 is shown in table 2. It can be seen that, through the reasonable distribution of the participation and decomposition models of seasonal energy storage, the annual abundance fluctuation of scene 2 and scene 3 is more gentle, wherein scene 2 is more gentle than scene 3, because the energy conversion efficiency of the water pumping group is higher than that of the hydrogen mixing combustion engine, the electric energy loss of the pumped storage is smaller than that of the hydrogen storage, and the energy of the pumped storage reservoir is not only derived from the electric water conversion process due to the influence of rainfall which is an important meteorological factor.
Table 2: seasonal energy storage contract electric quantity after scene 1 and scene 2 optimization
Through the analysis of the example, the rationality of the seasonal energy storage contract electric quantity decomposition method based on the adequacy of the power generation capacity is verified. Taking the adequacy of the power system under the participation of seasonal energy storage into consideration, and representing the capacity of the system for maintaining the supply and demand balance of the system in different months by using a power generation capacity adequacy index; by constructing a decomposition model, the seasonal energy storage long-term contracts are decomposed into a plurality of short-term contracts under the aim of stabilizing the annual cycle adequacy fluctuation, and a reference is provided for planning and scheduling of a power system containing seasonal energy storage.
Claims (10)
1. A seasonal energy storage contract electricity decomposition method based on the abundance of power generation capacity, comprising the steps of:
s1, analyzing an initial capacity calculation method of various units:
s2, analyzing initial capacity adjustment methods of different generator sets and a power system adequacy assessment method under the participation of seasonal energy storage, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
s201, unit initial capacity adjustment, wherein the unit initial capacity adjustment is divided into adjustment under the influence of planned outage factors and unplanned outage factors;
s202, calculating the adequacy of the power system under the participation of seasonal energy storage;
s3, establishing a generating capacity adequacy objective function of the power system considering seasonal energy storage regulation capacity;
s4, establishing constraint conditions of a decomposition model, wherein the constraint conditions comprise seasonal energy storage annual period balance constraint, capacity adequacy margin constraint of each period, generator assembly capacity constraint, seasonal energy storage assembly capacity and reservoir capacity constraint and energy storage discharge power constraint.
2. The seasonal energy storage contract power decomposition method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the unit initial capacity calculation of the plurality of units includes:
taking the power supply characteristic and the primary energy difference into consideration, verifying the initial capacity of thermal power, reservoir type hydroelectric power and wind photovoltaic:
the initial capacity of the thermal power generating unit is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the initial capacity of the thermal power unit +.>The historical maximum power of the thermal power generating unit in the period of three years is obtained;
the initial capacity of reservoir type hydropower is:
in the method, in the process of the invention,the initial capacity of the hydroelectric generating set; />The maximum power of the running of the hydroelectric generating set is set; />An adjustable component of the initial capacity of the hydroelectric generating set corresponding to an adjustable portion of the initial capacity of the hydroelectric generating set having an adjustment capability; />For an unadjustable fraction of the initial capacity of the hydroelectric generating set, corresponding to an unadjustable fraction of the initial capacity of the hydropower station with an adjustment capacity; d (D) max Is the maximum load of the system; d (D) 0 According to the annual continuous load curve and the adjustment energy of the hydroelectric generating set, the annual continuous load curve and the horizontal line D are satisfied 0 The area between the two is equal to the adjustment energy of the hydroelectric generating set; />When the hydropower station is in the dead water year, the hydropower station can generate adjustable annual average water flow, and beta is the power generation efficiency of the hydropower station;
the initial capacity of the wind-driven photovoltaic is as follows, a peak load rate method is adopted:
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the initial capacity of a wind or photovoltaic power generation unit, < >>Is the lowest value in the average power generation of the wind power generation unit or the photovoltaic power generation unit, and is +.>And the average value of the power generated by the wind power or photovoltaic generator set is corresponding to the m highest load periods of the annual load curve of each system.
3. The seasonal energy storage contract power decomposition method according to claim 1, wherein the step S201 includes:
s2011, taking the plant power consumption condition of the generator set and the annual scheduled maintenance condition of the generator set into consideration by the scheduled outage factor, and regarding the initial capacity C I0,i And (3) adjusting:
wherein C is I,i To take into account the abundant capacity of the unit i after the planned outage factor, F 1,i To penalty factor proportional to the plant power of the generator set, F 2,i A penalty factor proportional to annual scheduled service maintenance time for the genset;
s2012, taking the unplanned outage factors into consideration the unplanned outage factors of the generator set, and according to the forced outage rate epsilon FOR Simulating a random forced outage state of an adjustable power supply by using a Monte Carlo method, and sampling to obtain a unit state at each moment in each unit planning time period; random sampling to generate N G [0,1 ]]Random number betweenThe state parameters of the generator set i at the time t are determined by the random number as follows:
in the formula, 1 represents that the unit is in a normal state, and 0 represents that the unit is in a fault state;
the abundant capacity of the adjustable unit is adjusted to be:
wherein C is ps,i Is the abundant capacity of the unit, S i,t Is a state parameter, N t The number of times that a cycle contains is evaluated for a single adequacy.
4. The seasonal energy storage contract power decomposition method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S202, the system adequacy is:
wherein beta is the power generation capacity adequacy of the power system, C ss Discharge power per unit time for seasonal energy storage, D peak The peak load of the system is defined as the average value of the load corresponding to the m highest load periods in the annual load curve in a certain system or subsystem;
converting the energy variable divided by time into an average contract power variable C ss ：
Wherein E is ss Contract electric quantity for seasonal energy storage in the period, P ss,dis,t And P ss,ch,t The discharging power and the charging power of the seasonal energy storage at the time t are respectively, and at least one of the discharging power and the charging power is 0 at the same time.
5. The seasonal energy storage contract power decomposition method according to claim 1, wherein the step S3 includes:
the following objective function is established with the aim of stabilizing annual adequacy fluctuation of the power system and with the aim of minimizing adequacy standard deviation:
wherein F is the standard deviation of the adequacy of the power system, alpha is the adequacy of the power generation capacity of the power system,the average power generation capacity adequacy of the power system is calculated, and T is the time period number of one planning period;
according to the evaluation method of step S1, the adequacy of the power system in the period t is:
in the objective function, the power generation capacity of thermal power, hydroelectric power and wind power is calculated according to the unit assembly capacity and the historical operation data, and the load peak value is calculated according to the historical data; the average contract power of the seasonal energy storage in each period is planned according to the model and is used as a decision variable.
6. The method for decomposing the seasonal energy storage contract electric quantity according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the seasonal energy storage year cycle balance constraint includes:
the seasonal energy storage energy loss comprises the loss caused by energy conversion and the loss caused by energy leakage:
wherein E is ss,loss The seasonal energy storage is the electric quantity lost due to energy conversion and energy leakage;
supplementing the influence of upstream water supply, rainfall, evaporation and irrigation on the water quantity of a reservoir in a pumped storage power station:
in which W is ss,r The variable quantity of reservoir water quantity, beta, caused by upstream water supply, rainfall, evaporation and irrigation of the pumped storage power station respectively w The conversion rate of the unit water amount into electric energy.
7. The seasonal energy storage contract power decomposition method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the capacity adequacy margin constraint for each period includes:
α min (t)＜α(t)＜α max (t)；
wherein alpha is min And alpha max The lower and upper limits of the power system adequacy operation are respectively.
8. The seasonal energy storage contract power decomposition method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the generator set capacity constraint includes:
in the method, in the process of the invention,the total installed capacity of the generator set comprises thermal power, hydroelectric power and wind and light.
9. The method for decomposing the seasonal energy storage contract electric quantity based on the abundance of the electric power generation capacity according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the seasonal energy storage machine assembling capacity and the reservoir capacity constraint include:
in the method, in the process of the invention,capacity of the seasonal energy storage general assembly machine; e (E) ss,max And E is ss,min Respectively the minimum electric quantity and the maximum electric quantity stored for the operation of the pumped storage power station, E ss And the electric quantity stored in the pumped storage power station.
10. The seasonal energy storage contract power decomposition method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the energy storage and discharge power constraint includes:
C ss,min (t)＜C ss (t)＜C ss,max (t)；
wherein C is ss,min And C ss,max The lower limit and the upper limit of the energy storage power of each period of seasonal energy storage are respectively allowed; the lower and upper limits of average contract power allowance are determined artificially according to the unbalance degree of the system supply and demand and the seasonal energy storage standby capacity requirement.
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