Kickback transformer
Technical field
The present invention relates to kickback transformer, more particularly, relate to the kickback transformer that in the voltage generator circuit of PWM (pulse-width modulation) control that high pressure is provided to cathode ray tube, uses.
Background technology
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram that the high-voltage generator circuit that comprises kickback transformer is shown, and this is an exploitation motivation of the present invention.The anode of diode 14 link the kickback transformer 12 that is used for high-voltage generator circuit 10 elementary winding, and the negative electrode of diode 14 is linked the drain electrode of the FET (field-effect transistor) 16 that plays the switch element function.The source electrode of FET 16 is linked an end of resistor 18, the other end ground connection of resistor 18.Diode 20 is in parallel with the series circuit that diode 14, FET 16 and resistor 18 constitute.The negative electrode of diode 20 is linked the anode of diode 14, and the plus earth of diode 20.
Resonant capacitor 22 is in parallel with diode 20 with being connected in series of diode 24.One end of resonant capacitor 22 is linked the anode of diode 14, and the other end of resonant capacitor 22 is linked the negative electrode of diode 24.The plus earth of diode 24.The node of resonant capacitor 22 and diode 24 is linked the anode of another diode 26, and the negative electrode of diode 26 suppresses the primary coil that circuit 28 is linked kickback transformer 12 by convergent oscillation (ringing).Convergent oscillation suppresses circuit 28 and comprises capacitor 30, resistor 32 and inductor 34.Power supply+B links the node between diode 26 and the convergent oscillation inhibition circuit 28.The node that diode 26 and convergent oscillation suppress between the circuit 28 passes through capacitor 36 and capacitor 38 ground connection.
The signal of control FET 16 being made conducting and opening operation from PWM (pulse-width modulation) control circuit 40 is fed to the grid of FET 16.Pwm control circuit 40 receives a voltage, and this voltage is to carry out dividing potential drop by the output voltage to the secondary winding two ends of kickback transformer 12 to obtain.Form the control signal of controlling FET 16 according to a voltage that is divided and an input level driving voltage.The node of FET 16 and resistor 18 is linked the protective circuit among the PWM 40, detects the overcurrent that flows through circuit by protective circuit.
Fig. 2 illustrates the voltage waveform at high-voltage generator circuit 10 each point places.As shown in the figure, Fig. 2 (a) illustrates the waveform of the signal of control FET 16, and Fig. 2 (b) illustrates the voltage waveform at Fig. 1 mid point A place.Fig. 2 (c) illustrates the electric current of the elementary winding that flows into kickback transformer 12.When FET 16 at t
0During conducting, electric current flows through elementary winding, diode 14, FET 16 and the resistor 18 of kickback transformer 12 from power supply+B.When this electric current flows, the elementary winding store electricity magnetic energy of kickback transformer 12.
When FET 16 at time t
1During disconnection, electric current flows through resonant capacitor 22 and diode 26 from the elementary winding of kickback transformer 12, the elementary winding of kickback transformer 12 and resonant capacitor 22 beginning resonance, thereby the flyback pulse of generation shown in Fig. 2 (b).The electromagnetic energy of being stored in kickback transformer is reformed completely into the moment of electrostatic energy in resonant capacitor 22, this flyback pulse maximization.
When the electromagnetic energy in the elementary winding that is stored in kickback transformer 12 was transferred to resonant capacitor 22 fully, reverse current flow through along the path of the elementary winding of diode 24, resonant capacitor 22 and kickback transformer 12.Electrostatic energy in the resonant capacitor 22 is transformed back electrostatic energy in the elementary winding of kickback transformer 12.The electric charge that is stored in the parasitic capacitance of FET 16 is stopped by diode 14, and is not flowed into the elementary winding of kickback transformer 12.
The time t of voltage when flyback pulse finishes at some A place
2Make zero in the place.Diode 20 conductings, gained electric current flow from ground to the elementary winding of kickback transformer 12.The voltage at some A place rises when this electric current flows, and reaches the voltage of power supply+B.At time t
3The place, diode 20 disconnects the electric current vanishing.Attempt flows into resonant capacitor 22 from the electric current of power supply+B, but the current protection clamp circuit that comprises diode 24 and 26 is the voltage of the voltage clamp at resonant capacitor 22 two ends to power supply+B.There is not electric current to flow to resonant capacitor 22 from the elementary winding of kickback transformer 12.But FET 16 is at time t
4During conducting, electric current flows to the elementary winding of kickback transformer 12, the state of circuit and time t from power supply+B
0That locates is identical.This high-voltage generator circuit plays the function of repetition aforesaid operations.Kickback transformer 12 produces flyback pulse in voltage level, and provides high pressure from its secondary winding.
When electric current at time t
3When the place drops to zero, at the elementary winding of kickback transformer 12 and comprise between the electric capacity of the circuit of existing parasitic capacitance among the FET 16 resonance takes place.Then, from time t
3To time t
4Produce convergent oscillation.Use convergent oscillation to suppress circuit 28 and control convergent oscillation.
In high-voltage generator circuit 10, the inductance L p of the elementary winding of kickback transformer 12 meets the following conditions:
Lp≤Eb_Ts/Ipp
Here, Eb is the voltage of power supply+B, and Ts finishes duration of beginning to next flyback pulse from flyback pulse, and Ipp is the input current of kickback transformer 12.With this understanding, input current Ipp must be fit to the allowable current of FET16.Conventional kickback transformer 12 must satisfy these conditions, and is designed to provide required output voltage from its secondary winding.
The magnetic flux density Bmax that is produced in the magnetic core of kickback transformer 12 is Bmax=Lp_Ipp/N1_S, and N1 is the number of primary winding coil here, and S is the sectional area of the magnetic core of elementary winding.The constant voltage Eb of given power supply+B keeps input current Ipp lowlyer, and the size of magnetic core reduces, and makes kickback transformer 12 miniaturizations.Lower input current Ipp causes lower power consumption.
Summary of the invention
Correspondingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a kind of small low-consumption kickback transformer that reduces inflow input current wherein.
According to one aspect of the present invention, a kind of kickback transformer that uses in the high-voltage generator circuit of PWM control is provided, comprise the primary and secondary winding, it is characterized in that secondary winding comprises that the number of plies is equal to or greater than six the secondary winding by layer winding.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the method of the kickback transformer that uses in a kind of high-voltage generator circuit of the PWM of being manufactured on control is provided, comprise elementary winding and secondary winding are provided that it is characterized in that forming secondary winding with the layer of a plurality of windings, wherein the number of plies is equal to or greater than six.
Kickback transformer of the present invention is used for the high-voltage generator circuit of PWM control, comprises that the number of plies is equal to or greater than (layer-wound) secondary winding by layer winding of six.
In a preferred embodiment, diode constitutes the end that its negative electrode is linked secondary winding, its plus earth.
This kickback transformer preferably uses in the high-voltage generator circuit of frequency of operation as 70kHz or higher PWM control.
The number of turn of secondary winding can be no more than 2500.
The winding of the given identical number of turn, the number of plies increase of the secondary winding that twines by layer makes the narrowed width between the secondary winding two ends, and has reduced the distributed capacitance of kickback transformer.Along with distributed capacitance becomes lower, the frequency of convergent oscillation becomes higher, and the pulse duration of flyback pulse becomes narrower.This layout has quickened to stop the timing of convergent oscillation, thus the ON time of the switch element that extended.Along with the lengthening of switch element ON time, reduced to flow through the gradient of current waveform of the elementary winding of kickback transformer, also reduced input current Ipp.
Be connected in the end and the flyback transformer circuit between the ground (D0 diode method) of secondary winding at a diode, with regard to alternating current, be similar to the center that betides secondary winding the zero point of the alternating current of ground connection.The relative pulse of negative, positive occurred near the zero point of alternating current.Determine the zero point of alternating current by the distributed capacitance between the distributed capacitance between elementary winding and the secondary winding and winding and the access area.Because distributed capacitance changes with the spacing between each winding and the access area, so at the position generation alternating current zero point of departing from the winding center.
Make the winding narrowed width if operate in the number of plies of the layer winding in the kickback transformer of D0 switching mode by increase, the then pitch smaller between each winding and the access area, and alternating current zero point is near the center of winding.Like this, the winding width that produces the winding part of positive and negative pulse becomes close mutually, and it is near that the resonance frequency of positive pulse and negative pulse becomes, thereby reduced the related loss of resonance.
From following discussion and accompanying drawing, these and other purposes of the present invention, feature and advantage will be become obviously to the embodiment of the invention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram that the high-voltage generator circuit that comprises kickback transformer is shown, and it is an exploitation background of the present invention;
Fig. 2 (a) illustrates the waveform of the control signal that is used to control FET, and Fig. 2 (b) illustrates the voltage waveform at the some A place of Fig. 1, and Fig. 2 (c) illustrates the circuit waveform of the elementary winding of the kickback transformer that flows through Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is T when being illustrated in the frequency gets higher of convergent oscillation
ONBeginning and the electric current that flows through between the oscillogram that concerns;
Fig. 4 is the pulse duration that is illustrated in flyback pulse T when narrowing down
ONBeginning and the electric current that flows through between the oscillogram that concerns;
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram that the secondary winding of the kickback transformer that utilizes the D0 diode method is shown;
Fig. 6 is the equivalent circuit diagram of the secondary winding of kickback transformer shown in Figure 5;
Fig. 7 is the circuit diagram that kickback transformer one side is shown, and this transformer is cut into two halves, with the position relation of winding that the kickback transformer that utilizes the D0 diode method is shown; And
Fig. 8 is the circuit diagram that kickback transformer one side is shown, and this transformer is cut into two halves, the position relation of winding when increasing with the number of plies of the secondary winding that is illustrated in the kickback transformer that utilizes the D0 diode method.
Embodiment
With reference to figure 1, the kickback transformer 12 in the high-voltage generator circuit 10 generally includes five layers or the secondary winding that twines by layer of layer still less.Do not consider the number of plies of kickback transformer 12 and the relation between the size.The present inventor has studied the relation between the size of the number of plies of secondary winding of kickback transformer 12 and kickback transformer 12, and finds to reduce by the number of plies that increases secondary winding the size of kickback transformer 12.Kickback transformer 12 with five hierarchical level windings and the kickback transformer 12 with six hierarchical level windings are contrasted.
In oscillogram shown in Figure 2, following expression maximum is allowed input current Ipp:
Ipp=Eb(T
D+T
OFF+T
ON)/Lp
Here, Tr is for returning zero retrace period, T up to flyback pulse
DBe the ON time of diode 20, T
OFFBe when diode 20 is disconnected to FET 16 conductings the duration, T
ONBe the ON time of FET 16, retention time T here
H=Tr+T
D+ T
OFF+ T
ONThe constant voltage Eb of given power supply+B, Lp are Lp<Eb (T
D+ T
OFF+ T
ON)/Ipp.Determine the frequency of convergent oscillation by the distributed capacitance of kickback transformer 12.
When the number of plies of the secondary winding of kickback transformer 12 is five, consider that in frequency be f
5A some place of convergent oscillation waveform set up ON time T
ONThe value that begins to determine Lp.From Ipp=Eb_T
ON/ Lp determines height Ipp.Consider that the condition (such as a, peak of vibration) of the vibration of equivalent electric circuit determines ON time T
ONBeginning.The secondary winding of the given identical number of turn has the winding width of kickback transformer 12 of six hierarchical level windings narrower than the winding width of the kickback transformer 12 with five hierarchical level windings, and has less distributed capacitance.Thereby, the frequency f of the convergent oscillation at six hierarchical level winding places
6The frequency f that is higher than five hierarchical level windings
5
As shown in Figure 3, can be the six ON time T of hierarchical level winding place
ONBeginning and the five ON time T of hierarchical level winding place
ONBegin compare.Six layers ON time T
ONBeginning early, this is because the frequency f of the convergent oscillation at six layers of place
6The frequency f that is higher than the convergent oscillation at five layers of place
5Regulate inductance L p and quicken ON time T
ONBeginning.The gradient Eb/Lp of current waveform becomes less, has reduced electric current I pp simultaneously.
Generally, the magnetic flux density Bmax that is used for the magnetic core of kickback transformer is Bmax=Lp_Ipp/N1_S, and N1 is the number of turn of elementary winding here, and S is the sectional area of magnetic core.Along with the decline of electric current I pp, can reduce the size of magnetic core.Thereby can make whole kickback transformer 12 miniaturizations.Along with the reduction of electric current I pp, power consumption descends, but saving power also.When the number of plies of the secondary winding of kickback transformer 12 is increased to six or even to seven, reduced the amplitude of electric current I pp.Obtained the kickback transformer 12 of small-sized saving power.Improved the frequency of convergent oscillation in the high driving frequency district of high-voltage generator circuit 10.Especially these advantages have been shown at 70kHz or higher frequency field.
Determine the pulse width T r of flyback pulse by the distributed capacitance of the inductance of the elementary winding of the electric capacity of resonant capacitor 22, kickback transformer 12 and kickback transformer 12.Be that the pulse width T r of flyback pulse shortens under six layers the situation at the secondary winding of kickback transformer 12, this is because distributed capacitance has descended with respect to the kickback transformer 12 of five hierarchical level windings.As shown in Figure 4, convergent oscillation begins early.Thereby make FET 16 in the some place conducting identical by regulating inductance L p, reduced the gradient of current waveform, and the height of input current Ipp is reduced with five hierarchical level windings.Thereby, in kickback transformer 12, realized the design of small-sized and saving power.The number of plies of the secondary winding by increasing kickback transformer 12 has improved the frequency of convergent oscillation, has also shortened the pulse duration of flyback pulse.Reduce input current Ipp, thereby realized the design of the saving power of miniaturization.
With reference to figure 5, the negative electrode of diode 50 is linked an end of the secondary winding of kickback transformer 12.In the D0 diode method of the plus earth of diode 50, with regard to alternating current, isolate between this end of secondary winding and the access area.As shown in Figure 5, the distributed capacitance between elementary winding and the secondary winding is uniform in each section of winding.Therefore, circuit shown in Figure 5 is regarded as a lump (lumped) parameter network, its secondary winding has the capacitor of the same capacitance of linking its two ends as shown in Figure 6.Thereby with regard to alternating current, the center of secondary winding is as the alternating current zero point of ground connection.Like this, produce positive pulse and negative pulse in the both sides of secondary winding.
In kickback transformer 12, the center of secondary winding is as ground, and single winding plays the effect of two windings, and its center is as neutral (neutral) point.Specifically, the number of winding coil reduces by half, and distributed capacitance reduces, and resonance frequency improves then.
In the kickback transformer 12 of D0 diode method, the distributed capacitance between elementary winding and the secondary winding is uniformly in each section, but the spacing between winding and the access area dissimilates when kickback transformer 12 is installed.Winding is different with distributed capacitance between the access area, and in fact, the center of secondary winding can not conform to alternating current zero point.As shown in Figure 7, determine alternating current zero point by the distance X 1 from the installation surface of kickback transformer 12 to the winding upper edge, distance X 2 and winding width Y1 from the installation surface of kickback transformer 12 to the winding lower edge.Alternating current zero point, the center from winding upwards was offset Z1.
Because with the off-centring Z1 of winding, positive pulse partly has broad width shown in Figure 7, the frequency of resonance oscillations waveform is low.On the contrary, negative pulse partly has narrower width, the frequency height of resonance oscillations waveform.The resonance loss of being determined by concentrated areas such as geometric parameter X1, X2, Y1, Z1 is along with big and increase with the change of the side-play amount at winding center.
The number of turn of secondary winding coil be 2500 or still less kickback transformer 12 in relatively five hierarchical level windings and six hierarchical level windings.The coil span of given identical secondary winding, six hierarchical level windings have winding width Y2, and this width is less than the winding width Y1 of five layers of winding.With reference to figure 8, from the weak point of 1 to five layer of kickback transformer of distance X 12 of the upper edge of installation surface to six layer kickback transformer 12.Because the minimizing and the given minimizing of winding of winding width, also reduce by the side-play amount Z2 at each produced in geometric parameter X1, X2, Y2 and elementary winding and the secondary winding the determined alternating current of voltage zero point.Alternating current zero point is near the center of winding.As a result, the difference of the winding width of the winding width of positive pulse part and negative pulse part diminishes.The difference of the resonance frequency of positive pulse and the resonance frequency of negative pulse reduces.Easily carry out the design of tuning positive pulse and negative pulse.In whole kickback transformer 12, reduced resonance loss and improved power efficiency.
When the number of plies of secondary winding increases, reduced distributed capacitance.The frequency of convergent oscillation increases, and the pulse duration of flyback pulse narrows down.Quickened the ON time T of FET 16
ON Beginning.In kickback transformer 12, realized the design of miniaturization and saving power.
Thereby, the flyback filter 12 of miniaturization and saving power is provided by the number of plies that increases secondary winding.In the D0 diode method, provide the design of miniaturization and saving power by the center that makes alternating current more close winding at zero point.
According to the present invention, the number of plies that increases the secondary winding of kickback transformer 12 has reduced distributed capacitance, and has improved the alternating current zero point in the D0 diode method.Thereby, in kickback transformer, realize the design of miniaturization and saving power.
Though described the present invention with respect to specific embodiment, many other variations and modification and other purposes will become obviously to those skilled in the art.Therefore, the present invention should be not limited to here specific open, and is only limited by appending claims.