CN117821092B - Treatment system for waste fan blades through solar photo-thermal pyrolysis - Google Patents
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- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 161
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
- C10B47/02—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion with stationary charge
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
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Abstract
本发明提供一种太阳能光热热解废旧风机叶片的处理系统，涉及固体废弃物处理领域，包括产物收集单元以及依次连接破碎分选单元、光热热解单元、精馏纯化单元。光热热解单元包括太阳能热解炉，该装置能够有效保温与控温，其入气口与气罐和流量计相连，进料端与风选磁选一体机相接，出气口连接精馏塔用于分离纯化产物，最后所获得的产物收集于产物收集单元。优点：能够合理利用太阳能资源对废旧风机叶片进行高效热解，且具有较少反应副产物和环境污染产生。
The present invention provides a treatment system for waste fan blades by solar thermal pyrolysis, which relates to the field of solid waste treatment, including a product collection unit and a crushing and sorting unit, a photothermal pyrolysis unit, and a distillation and purification unit connected in sequence. The photothermal pyrolysis unit includes a solar pyrolysis furnace, which can effectively keep warm and control the temperature. Its air inlet is connected to a gas tank and a flow meter, the feed end is connected to an air separation and magnetic separation integrated machine, and the air outlet is connected to a distillation tower for separating and purifying products. Finally, the obtained products are collected in the product collection unit. Advantages: It can reasonably utilize solar energy resources to efficiently pyrolyze waste fan blades, and has less reaction by-products and environmental pollution.
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及固体废物处理技术领域，尤其涉及一种太阳能光热热解废旧风机叶片的处理系统。The present invention relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, and in particular to a treatment system for waste fan blades by solar thermal pyrolysis.
背景技术Background technique
随着行业升级换代步伐加快，新能源设备将面临大量退役问题，有必要采取适当的方法对废旧风机叶片进行处理和资源化利用。As the pace of industry upgrading accelerates, new energy equipment will face a large number of retirement problems. It is necessary to adopt appropriate methods to process and recycle waste wind turbine blades.
废旧风机叶片中玻璃纤维的含量为65％-75％，树脂的含量为25％-35％，具有较高热值，因此，热解是常用的回收废旧风机叶片的方法之一。热解过程中，废旧风机叶片复合材料中的树脂在缺氧气氛中进行热解，产物中的热解气、热解油经精炼处理后可用作燃料，沉积在纤维上的热解碳通过去除后可回收到纯纤维样品。此外，热解过程影响因素很多，不同的热解温度下产物也有较大区别。热解炉内部温度场分布不均也会导致产物杂乱，不能有目的的获得高值产物。并且常规的热解装置能耗较高。然而目前未有相关装置能够实现温度场的均匀分布以及其他形式环保能源利用。The content of glass fiber in waste fan blades is 65%-75%, and the content of resin is 25%-35%, which has a high calorific value. Therefore, pyrolysis is one of the commonly used methods for recycling waste fan blades. During the pyrolysis process, the resin in the composite material of waste fan blades is pyrolyzed in an oxygen-deficient atmosphere. The pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil in the product can be used as fuel after refining, and the pyrolysis carbon deposited on the fiber can be recovered to a pure fiber sample after removal. In addition, there are many factors affecting the pyrolysis process, and the products at different pyrolysis temperatures are also quite different. The uneven distribution of the temperature field inside the pyrolysis furnace will also lead to messy products, and high-value products cannot be obtained purposefully. In addition, conventional pyrolysis devices have high energy consumption. However, there is currently no related device that can achieve uniform distribution of temperature fields and other forms of environmentally friendly energy utilization.
太阳能光热热解是一种利用太阳能将光能转化为热能的技术，不会产生空气污染或水污染，不释放有害废物，可应对气候变化和减缓全球变暖。同时，光热热解技术可以在较大规模上应用可减少对传统能源的依赖。总体而言，太阳能光热热解处理废旧风机叶片对环境友好，有助于可持续发展，是推动清洁能源转型的一项重要技术。Solar thermal pyrolysis is a technology that uses solar energy to convert light energy into heat energy. It does not produce air or water pollution, does not release harmful waste, and can address climate change and mitigate global warming. At the same time, solar thermal pyrolysis technology can be applied on a larger scale to reduce dependence on traditional energy. Overall, solar thermal pyrolysis treatment of waste wind turbine blades is environmentally friendly, contributes to sustainable development, and is an important technology to promote clean energy transformation.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明提供一种太阳能光热热解废旧风机叶片的处理系统，用以解决现有技术中的缺陷。The present invention provides a processing system for solar thermal pyrolysis of waste fan blades, which is used to solve the defects in the prior art.
本发明提供一种太阳能光热热解废旧风机叶片的处理系统，包括：The present invention provides a solar thermal pyrolysis treatment system for waste wind turbine blades, comprising:
破碎分选单元，用于破碎并分选的废旧风机叶片碎片材料；A crushing and sorting unit, used for crushing and sorting waste fan blade fragments;
光热热解单元，与所述破碎分选单元连接，用于在无氧条件下将废旧风机叶片中高分子有机物进行热解，产生热解油和热解气，留下玻璃纤维；A photothermal pyrolysis unit is connected to the crushing and sorting unit and is used to pyrolyze high molecular organic matter in the waste fan blades under anaerobic conditions to produce pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas, leaving glass fibers;
精馏纯化单元，与所述光热热解单元连接，用于热解油与热解气的精准分离；A distillation and purification unit connected to the photothermal pyrolysis unit for accurate separation of pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas;
产物收集单元，与所述破碎分选单元和所述精馏纯化单元连接，用于接收固、液、气产物，并对固、液、气产物的杂质进行去除、提纯分离和产物收集。The product collection unit is connected to the crushing and sorting unit and the distillation and purification unit, and is used to receive solid, liquid and gaseous products, and remove impurities in the solid, liquid and gaseous products, purify and separate them, and collect the products.
根据本发明提供的一种太阳能光热热解废旧风机叶片的处理系统，所述破碎分选单元包括：According to a solar thermal pyrolysis waste wind turbine blade processing system provided by the present invention, the crushing and sorting unit comprises:
废旧叶片收集仓，用于收集存放废旧风机叶片；Waste blade collection bin, used to collect and store waste fan blades;
破碎机，与所述废旧叶片收集仓连接，用于将废旧风机叶片粉碎；A crusher connected to the waste blade collection bin and used to crush the waste fan blades;
风选磁选一体机，与所述破碎机连接，用于筛选风机叶片碎片中的轻木和金属材料至所述产物收集单元中，将其他碎片筛选至所述光热热解单元中。The integrated wind and magnetic separation machine is connected to the crusher and is used to screen the light wood and metal materials in the fan blade fragments into the product collection unit, and screen other fragments into the photothermal pyrolysis unit.
根据本发明提供的一种太阳能光热热解废旧风机叶片的处理系统，所述光热热解单元包括：According to a solar thermal pyrolysis treatment system for waste wind turbine blades provided by the present invention, the solar thermal pyrolysis unit comprises:
太阳能热解炉，与所述风选磁选一体机连接，对风机叶片碎片中的高分子有机物进行热解，留下玻璃纤维；A solar pyrolysis furnace is connected to the wind and magnetic separation integrated machine to pyrolyze the high molecular organic matter in the wind turbine blade fragments, leaving glass fibers;
气罐，与所述太阳能热解炉连接，用于向所述太阳能热解炉中通入氮气；A gas tank connected to the solar pyrolysis furnace and used to introduce nitrogen into the solar pyrolysis furnace;
流量计，设置于所述太阳能热解炉和所述气罐连接的管道上，用于调节气体流量。A flow meter is arranged on a pipeline connecting the solar pyrolysis furnace and the gas tank, and is used to adjust the gas flow.
根据本发明提供的一种太阳能光热热解废旧风机叶片的处理系统，所述精馏纯化单元包括精馏塔，接收所述太阳能热解炉中产生的热解油和热解气，分离热解油和热解气。According to a solar thermal pyrolysis treatment system for waste wind turbine blades provided by the present invention, the distillation and purification unit includes a distillation tower for receiving pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas generated in the solar pyrolysis furnace and separating the pyrolysis oil and the pyrolysis gas.
根据本发明提供的一种太阳能光热热解废旧风机叶片的处理系统，所述产物收集单元包括：According to a solar thermal pyrolysis treatment system for waste wind turbine blades provided by the present invention, the product collection unit comprises:
固体收集仓，与所述风选磁选一体机连接，收集分选出的固体产物；A solid collection bin connected to the wind separation and magnetic separation integrated machine to collect the separated solid products;
气体收集仓，与所述精馏塔连接，收集分离出的热解气；A gas collection bin connected to the distillation tower to collect the separated pyrolysis gas;
液体收集仓，与所述精馏塔连接，收集分离出的热解油。The liquid collecting bin is connected to the distillation tower to collect the separated pyrolysis oil.
根据本发明提供的一种太阳能光热热解废旧风机叶片的处理系统，所述太阳能热解炉由外到依次安装有外壳、石棉保温层、内腔、多孔材料和热电偶；According to a solar thermal pyrolysis treatment system for waste fan blades provided by the present invention, the solar pyrolysis furnace is provided with a shell, an asbestos insulation layer, an inner cavity, a porous material and a thermocouple in order from the outside to the inside;
所述外壳采用中空且可通气结构，用于气体的预热和太阳能热解炉的保温；The shell adopts a hollow and ventilated structure, which is used for preheating gas and heat preservation of the solar pyrolysis furnace;
所述内腔采用瓶颈结构，且在内腔外侧设置石棉保温层可有效防止太阳能热解炉热量散失；The inner cavity adopts a bottleneck structure, and an asbestos insulation layer is arranged on the outer side of the inner cavity to effectively prevent heat loss from the solar pyrolysis furnace;
所述多孔材料能够有效均匀太阳能热解炉内的温度分布，减少二次反应以及副产物的产生；The porous material can effectively even out the temperature distribution in the solar pyrolysis furnace and reduce the generation of secondary reactions and by-products;
所述热电偶用于温度监测，检测太阳能热解炉内的反应温度。The thermocouple is used for temperature monitoring and detecting the reaction temperature in the solar pyrolysis furnace.
根据本发明提供的一种太阳能光热热解废旧风机叶片的处理系统，所述内腔顶部连接有石英玻璃和可变法兰；According to a solar thermal pyrolysis treatment system for waste wind turbine blades provided by the present invention, the top of the inner cavity is connected with quartz glass and a variable flange;
所述石英玻璃与所述太阳能热解炉腔体内壁夹角45°，能够提高对太阳能的吸收效率，且其具有的温室效应能够防止太阳能热解炉热量散失；The quartz glass and the inner wall of the solar pyrolysis furnace cavity form an angle of 45°, which can improve the efficiency of absorbing solar energy, and its greenhouse effect can prevent the heat loss of the solar pyrolysis furnace;
所述可变法兰可与所述热电偶配合，控制太阳光进入量，控制太阳能热解炉内的反应温度。The variable flange can cooperate with the thermocouple to control the amount of sunlight entering and the reaction temperature in the solar pyrolysis furnace.
根据本发明提供的一种太阳能光热热解废旧风机叶片的处理系统，所述太阳能热解炉腔体左右各设有一个直径为5mm进气口，气流通过所述进气口进入太阳能热解炉对石英玻璃起清洁和保护作用。According to a solar thermal pyrolysis treatment system for waste fan blades provided by the present invention, an air inlet with a diameter of 5 mm is provided on each side of the solar pyrolysis furnace cavity, and air flows into the solar pyrolysis furnace through the air inlet to clean and protect the quartz glass.
根据本发明提供的一种太阳能光热热解废旧风机叶片的处理系统，所述太阳能热解炉腔体底部设有一个直径为8mm的出气口，所述出气口与所述精馏纯化单元相接。According to a solar thermal pyrolysis treatment system for waste fan blades provided by the present invention, an air outlet with a diameter of 8 mm is provided at the bottom of the solar thermal pyrolysis furnace cavity, and the air outlet is connected to the distillation purification unit.
本发明提供的一种太阳能光热热解废旧风机叶片的处理系统，通过太阳能光热热解技术合理利用太阳能资源，大大节约资源，实现清洁环保的目的；采用机械与热解联用工艺，破碎分选可减小粒径并去除杂质，减少反应副产物的同时也大大提升效率，热解过程采用无氧条件，可有效实现资源化利用并避免二噁英等有害物质产生；光热热解单元的太阳能热解炉具有良好的保温设计，可减少热量损失，其内腔中填充多孔介质可有效均匀温度分布，避免二次反应产生副产物；将精馏纯化单元与产物收集单元相结合，能够对产物进行分类直接获取对应有机物。The present invention provides a solar thermal pyrolysis treatment system for waste fan blades. The solar thermal pyrolysis technology is used to rationally utilize solar energy resources, greatly save resources, and achieve the purpose of cleaning and environmental protection. The mechanical and pyrolysis combined process is adopted, and the crushing and sorting can reduce the particle size and remove impurities, reduce reaction by-products and greatly improve efficiency. The pyrolysis process adopts anaerobic conditions, which can effectively realize resource utilization and avoid the production of harmful substances such as dioxins. The solar pyrolysis furnace of the photothermal pyrolysis unit has a good thermal insulation design, which can reduce heat loss. The porous medium filled in its inner cavity can effectively even out the temperature distribution and avoid the production of by-products by secondary reactions. The distillation and purification unit is combined with the product collection unit, so that the products can be classified and the corresponding organic matter can be directly obtained.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
为了更清楚地说明本发明或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
图1是本发明实施例提供的太阳能光热热解废旧风机叶片系统的结构示意图；FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar thermal pyrolysis system for waste wind turbine blades provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图2是本发明实施例提供的光热热解单元太阳能光热热解炉的结构示意图；2 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar photothermal pyrolysis furnace for a photothermal pyrolysis unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
图3是本发明实施例提供的有多孔介质的光热热解炉气相温度分布云图；FIG3 is a cloud diagram of gas phase temperature distribution in a photothermal pyrolysis furnace with a porous medium provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
图4是本发明实施例提供的无多孔介质的光热热解炉气相温度分布云图。FIG. 4 is a cloud diagram of the gas phase temperature distribution of a photothermal pyrolysis furnace without porous media provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明中的附图，对本发明中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
本申请实施例中一种太阳能光热热解废旧风机叶片的处理系统，包括：In an embodiment of the present application, a system for processing waste wind turbine blades by solar thermal pyrolysis includes:
破碎分选单元，用于破碎并分选的废旧风机叶片碎片材料；A crushing and sorting unit, used for crushing and sorting waste fan blade fragments;
光热热解单元，与所述破碎分选单元连接，用于在无氧条件下将废旧风机叶片中高分子有机物进行热解，产生热解油和热解气，留下玻璃纤维；A photothermal pyrolysis unit is connected to the crushing and sorting unit and is used to pyrolyze high molecular organic matter in the waste fan blades under anaerobic conditions to produce pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas, leaving glass fibers;
精馏纯化单元，与所述光热热解单元连接，用于热解油与热解气的精准分离；A distillation and purification unit connected to the photothermal pyrolysis unit for accurate separation of pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas;
产物收集单元，与所述破碎分选单元和所述精馏纯化单元连接，用于接收固、液、气产物，并对固、液、气产物的杂质进行去除、提纯分离和产物收集。The product collection unit is connected to the crushing and sorting unit and the distillation and purification unit, and is used to receive solid, liquid and gaseous products, and remove impurities in the solid, liquid and gaseous products, purify and separate them, and collect the products.
具体来说，通过所述的破碎分选单元处理可得到破碎且不同类别的废旧风机叶片碎片材料；通过所述的光热热解单元可以在无氧条件下将废旧风机叶片中树脂、PET等高分子有机物热解产生热解油和热解气，留下玻璃纤维；通过所述的精馏纯化单元可以将热解油与热解气分离开来，分别获得热解油和热解气；通过所述的产物收集单元可以将获得的固、液、气产物进行进一步的杂质去除和提纯分离，最终收集起来。Specifically, the crushing and sorting unit can be used to obtain crushed and different types of waste fan blade fragment materials; the photothermal pyrolysis unit can be used to pyrolyze resins, PET and other high-molecular organic matter in waste fan blades under anaerobic conditions to produce pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas, leaving glass fiber; the distillation and purification unit can separate the pyrolysis oil from the pyrolysis gas to obtain pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas respectively; the product collection unit can further remove impurities and purify the obtained solid, liquid and gas products, and finally collect them.
为进一步优化上述技术方案，破碎分选单元包括：In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the crushing and sorting unit includes:
废旧叶片收集仓1，用于收集存放废旧风机叶片；A waste blade collection bin 1 is used to collect and store waste fan blades;
破碎机2，与所述废旧叶片收集仓1连接，用于将废旧风机叶片粉碎；A crusher 2, connected to the waste blade collection bin 1, for crushing the waste fan blades;
风选磁选一体机3，与所述破碎机2连接，用于筛选风机叶片碎片中的轻木和金属材料至所述产物收集单元中，将其他碎片筛选至所述光热热解单元中。The integrated wind and magnetic separation machine 3 is connected to the crusher 2 and is used to screen the light wood and metal materials in the fan blade fragments into the product collection unit, and screen other fragments into the photothermal pyrolysis unit.
需要说明的是，破碎机2采用撕咬型破碎机，将废旧风机叶片进行细小破碎；为方便运输，在废旧风机叶片风场进行此步骤为最佳；风选磁选一体机3采用磁选与风选方式，将轻木等轻质材料或铁片等磁性材料去除，可减少后续反应副产物产生。It should be noted that the crusher 2 adopts a bite-type crusher to crush the waste fan blades into small pieces; for the convenience of transportation, it is best to carry out this step in the wind field of the waste fan blades; the integrated air separation and magnetic separation machine 3 adopts magnetic separation and air separation methods to remove lightweight materials such as balsa wood or magnetic materials such as iron sheets, which can reduce the production of subsequent reaction by-products.
为进一步优化上述技术方案，光热热解单元包括：To further optimize the above technical solution, the photothermal pyrolysis unit includes:
太阳能热解炉8，与所述风选磁选一体机3连接，对风机叶片碎片中的高分子有机物进行热解，留下玻璃纤维；The solar pyrolysis furnace 8 is connected to the wind and magnetic separation integrated machine 3 to pyrolyze the high molecular organic matter in the wind turbine blade fragments to leave glass fibers;
气罐10，与所述太阳能热解炉8连接，用于向所述太阳能热解炉8中通入氮气；A gas tank 10, connected to the solar pyrolysis furnace 8, for introducing nitrogen into the solar pyrolysis furnace 8;
流量计9，设置于所述太阳能热解炉8和所述气罐10连接的管道上，用于调节气体流量。The flow meter 9 is arranged on the pipeline connecting the solar pyrolysis furnace 8 and the gas tank 10, and is used to adjust the gas flow.
需要说明的是，太阳能热解炉8采用腔式热解炉。It should be noted that the solar pyrolysis furnace 8 is a cavity-type pyrolysis furnace.
为进一步优化上述技术方案，精馏纯化单元包括精馏塔7，接收所述太阳能热解炉8中产生的热解油和热解气，分离热解油和热解气。To further optimize the above technical solution, the distillation and purification unit includes a distillation tower 7, which receives the pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas produced in the solar pyrolysis furnace 8 and separates the pyrolysis oil and the pyrolysis gas.
为进一步优化上述技术方案，产物收集单元包括：To further optimize the above technical solution, the product collection unit includes:
固体收集仓4，与所述风选磁选一体机3连接，收集分选出的固体产物；A solid collection bin 4 is connected to the integrated air separation and magnetic separation machine 3 to collect the separated solid products;
气体收集仓5，与所述精馏塔7连接，收集分离出的热解气；A gas collection bin 5, connected to the distillation tower 7, to collect the separated pyrolysis gas;
液体收集仓6，与所述精馏塔7连接，收集分离出的热解油。The liquid collecting bin 6 is connected to the distillation tower 7 to collect the separated pyrolysis oil.
为进一步优化上述技术方案，太阳能热解炉8由外到依次安装有外壳14、石棉保温层15、内腔13、多孔材料16和热电偶17；To further optimize the above technical solution, the solar pyrolysis furnace 8 is equipped with a shell 14, an asbestos insulation layer 15, an inner cavity 13, a porous material 16 and a thermocouple 17 in order from the outside to the inside;
所述外壳14采用中空且可通气结构，用于气体的预热和太阳能热解炉的保温；The shell 14 is a hollow and ventilated structure, which is used for preheating the gas and heat preservation of the solar pyrolysis furnace;
所述内腔13采用瓶颈结构，且在内腔13外侧设置石棉保温层15可有效防止太阳能热解炉热量散失；The inner cavity 13 adopts a bottleneck structure, and an asbestos insulation layer 15 is arranged outside the inner cavity 13 to effectively prevent heat loss from the solar pyrolysis furnace;
所述多孔材料16能够有效均匀太阳能热解炉8内的温度分布，减少二次反应以及副产物的产生；The porous material 16 can effectively even out the temperature distribution in the solar pyrolysis furnace 8 and reduce the generation of secondary reactions and by-products;
所述热电偶17用于温度监测，检测太阳能热解炉8内的反应温度。The thermocouple 17 is used for temperature monitoring to detect the reaction temperature in the solar pyrolysis furnace 8 .
为进一步优化上述技术方案，内腔13顶部连接有石英玻璃12和可变法兰11；To further optimize the above technical solution, the top of the inner cavity 13 is connected with a quartz glass 12 and a variable flange 11;
所述石英玻璃12与所述太阳能热解炉8腔体内壁夹角45°，能够提高对太阳能的吸收效率，且其具有的温室效应能够防止太阳能热解炉8热量散失；The quartz glass 12 and the inner wall of the solar pyrolysis furnace 8 have an angle of 45°, which can improve the efficiency of absorbing solar energy, and the greenhouse effect it has can prevent the heat loss of the solar pyrolysis furnace 8;
所述可变法兰11可与所述热电偶17配合，控制太阳光进入量，控制太阳能热解炉8内的反应温度。The variable flange 11 can cooperate with the thermocouple 17 to control the amount of sunlight entering and the reaction temperature in the solar pyrolysis furnace 8 .
具体来说，太阳能热解炉8内腔上端的是一块直径为110mm的透明石英玻璃12，中间腔体为填充多孔介质材料泡沫铜；其中石英玻璃12可对太阳光进行吸收和聚焦进而投射到热解炉中间腔体部位从而对腔体内多孔介质进行有效加热，并且石英玻璃12还能够产生“温室效应”减少热解炉通过辐射传热向外传递热量，从而促使腔体内部反应的正常进行；石英玻璃与腔体内壁面夹角为45°，其设计目的是为了有效提高热解炉对太阳能的吸收效率。Specifically, at the upper end of the inner cavity of the solar pyrolysis furnace 8 is a transparent quartz glass 12 with a diameter of 110 mm, and the middle cavity is filled with porous medium material foam copper; wherein the quartz glass 12 can absorb and focus sunlight and then project it to the middle cavity of the pyrolysis furnace, thereby effectively heating the porous medium in the cavity, and the quartz glass 12 can also produce a "greenhouse effect" to reduce the heat transferred to the outside by the pyrolysis furnace through radiation heat transfer, thereby promoting the normal reaction inside the cavity; the angle between the quartz glass and the inner wall of the cavity is 45°, and its design purpose is to effectively improve the pyrolysis furnace's absorption efficiency of solar energy.
太阳能热解炉8能量来源完全由太阳能提供，因此温度控制以及保温设计尤为重要。温度控制方面，风机叶片处理制取玻璃纤维与有机物的温度大约在500℃-800℃。为了探测太阳能热解炉8的温度分布，利用Fluent仿真模拟对比模拟有无多孔介质16情况下的温度分布，如图3和图4所示。可发现有多孔介质16情况下，内腔分布均匀，最高温度可达1200K(-930℃)，符合废旧风机叶片的处理条件；无多孔介质情况下，内腔温度差异较大850-1200K(580-930℃)，导致很多副产物产生，不利于废旧风机叶片资源化处理。温度可通过热电偶17进行监测，并通过可变法兰11调节进光量进行有效控制。保温设计方面，外壳14采用中空设计，一方面预热流入气体，另一方面起良好的保温作用。内腔13上方采用瓶颈结构，可有效锁住内腔13热量。石棉层15保温特性和石英玻璃12的温室效应都可有效防止太阳能热解炉8热量散失。The energy source of the solar pyrolysis furnace 8 is completely provided by solar energy, so temperature control and thermal insulation design are particularly important. In terms of temperature control, the temperature of the fan blade processing to produce glass fiber and organic matter is about 500℃-800℃. In order to detect the temperature distribution of the solar pyrolysis furnace 8, Fluent simulation is used to compare the temperature distribution with and without the porous medium 16, as shown in Figures 3 and 4. It can be found that in the case of porous medium 16, the inner cavity is evenly distributed, and the maximum temperature can reach 1200K (-930℃), which meets the processing conditions of waste fan blades; in the case of no porous medium, the inner cavity temperature difference is large 850-1200K (580-930℃), resulting in many by-products, which is not conducive to the resource processing of waste fan blades. The temperature can be monitored by the thermocouple 17, and the variable flange 11 can be used to adjust the amount of light to effectively control it. In terms of thermal insulation design, the outer shell 14 adopts a hollow design, which preheats the incoming gas on the one hand and plays a good thermal insulation role on the other hand. The upper part of the inner cavity 13 adopts a bottleneck structure, which can effectively lock the heat of the inner cavity 13. The heat preservation property of the asbestos layer 15 and the greenhouse effect of the quartz glass 12 can effectively prevent the heat loss of the solar pyrolysis furnace 8.
为进一步优化上述技术方案，太阳能热解炉8腔体左右各设有一个直径为5mm进气口，气流通过所述进气口进入太阳能热解炉对石英玻璃起清洁和保护作用。In order to further optimize the above technical solution, an air inlet with a diameter of 5 mm is provided on the left and right sides of the solar pyrolysis furnace 8 cavity. The airflow enters the solar pyrolysis furnace through the air inlet to clean and protect the quartz glass.
具体来说，太阳能热解炉8腔体左右各有一个直径为5mm进气口，气体通过水平方向上的左右两个入口相向流入太阳能热解炉8。两股气流在太阳能热解炉8中心轴线位置附近交汇后流向内腔的多孔介质区域，并在多孔介质区域发生换热，最后流出热解炉。由于左右两股气流充分扫掠，对石英玻璃12具有清洁和保护作用，同时使石英玻璃12窗内部不易产生固体杂志沉积，避免对太阳辐射光的入射造成阻碍。Specifically, there is an air inlet with a diameter of 5 mm on each side of the solar pyrolysis furnace 8 cavity, and the gas flows into the solar pyrolysis furnace 8 through the two inlets on the left and right in the horizontal direction. After the two airflows meet near the central axis of the solar pyrolysis furnace 8, they flow to the porous medium area of the inner cavity, exchange heat in the porous medium area, and finally flow out of the pyrolysis furnace. Since the left and right airflows fully sweep, the quartz glass 12 has a cleaning and protective effect, and at the same time, it is not easy to produce solid impurities deposited inside the window of the quartz glass 12, avoiding obstruction to the incidence of solar radiation.
为进一步优化上述技术方案，太阳能热解炉8腔体底部设有一个直径为8mm的出气口，所述出气口与所述精馏纯化单元相接。In order to further optimize the above technical solution, a gas outlet with a diameter of 8 mm is provided at the bottom of the cavity of the solar pyrolysis furnace 8, and the gas outlet is connected to the distillation and purification unit.
该处理系统对废旧风机叶片进行处理的过程为：废旧叶片收集仓1里的废旧风机叶片经过破碎机2破碎后，输送到风选磁选一体机3内进行分选，轻木及金属材料输入固体收集箱4，同时其余破碎产物输送到太阳能热解炉8的内腔13中，使其均匀分布在多孔介质16中。开启气罐10通入氮气，调节流量计9以100ml/min的流速吹扫太阳能热解炉8内部，将空气排尽后，打开可变法兰11开始利用太阳能对太阳能热解炉8进行加热，加热至600℃后，保持10min，待反应结束后即可关闭可变法兰11。加热过程应通过热电偶17监测温度，通过可变法兰11调节温度。热解后的热解气体通入精馏塔7将液体与气体进行分离，热解油最终收集在液体收集仓6，热解气收集在气体收集罐5。The process of the treatment system for the waste fan blades is as follows: the waste fan blades in the waste blade collection bin 1 are crushed by the crusher 2 and transported to the wind separation and magnetic separation integrated machine 3 for sorting, and the light wood and metal materials are input into the solid collection box 4. At the same time, the remaining crushed products are transported to the inner cavity 13 of the solar pyrolysis furnace 8 to be evenly distributed in the porous medium 16. Open the gas tank 10 to pass nitrogen, adjust the flow meter 9 to purge the inside of the solar pyrolysis furnace 8 at a flow rate of 100ml/min, and after exhausting the air, open the variable flange 11 to start using solar energy to heat the solar pyrolysis furnace 8. After heating to 600℃, keep it for 10min, and close the variable flange 11 after the reaction is completed. The temperature should be monitored by the thermocouple 17 during the heating process, and the temperature should be adjusted by the variable flange 11. The pyrolysis gas after pyrolysis is passed into the distillation tower 7 to separate the liquid and the gas, and the pyrolysis oil is finally collected in the liquid collection bin 6, and the pyrolysis gas is collected in the gas collection tank 5.
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
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