CN117806093A - 一种多色反射式显示器件及其制造方法 - Google Patents

一种多色反射式显示器件及其制造方法 Download PDF

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CN117806093A
CN117806093A CN202311866140.2A CN202311866140A CN117806093A CN 117806093 A CN117806093 A CN 117806093A CN 202311866140 A CN202311866140 A CN 202311866140A CN 117806093 A CN117806093 A CN 117806093A
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种多色反射式显示器件及其制造方法,所述多色反射式显示器件包括相对平行设置的上基板和下基板;形成于上基板的公共电极;形成于下基板的像素电极;所述公共电极与所述像素电极彼此面对面;若干个垂直形成于上基板和下基板之间的围堰结构;所述围堰结构沿像素阵列四周设置,与上基板和下基板之间形成若干密闭空间;所述每个密闭空间四周存在至少一个密封闭口;每个密闭空间内填充有同种显示材料,不同密闭空间内填充有同种或不同种显示材料;形成于所述下基板的外侧的油墨层。本发明的多色反射式显示器件具有单层结构,具有优异的显示效果和较低的功耗,并且通过本发明的制造方法可以提高效率,降低制造成本。

Description

一种多色反射式显示器件及其制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及反射式液晶显示器件领域,具体涉及一种多色反射式显示器件及其制造方法。
背景技术
平板显示技术在信息产业中具有重要地位,被列为国家战略性新兴产业。新型显示技术及其相关产业已占信息产业的三成以上,其发展的快慢、技术水平的创新将直接影响电子信息产业的发展。在主流的平板显示技术中,液晶显示器件LCD因具有轻薄化,低功耗等优点,已广泛应用于日常生活和生产的各个领域,形成一个巨大的产业。但是传统的液晶显示器都是透射型液晶显示器,需要背光源提供光源,薄膜晶体管液晶显示面板只是作为控制光通过是否的开关,其中背光源的功耗在整体显示模组功耗中的占比一般在60%以上,为了降低液晶显示器的功耗和体积,最有效的办法之一就是取消背光源,采用利用环境光的反射式液晶显示器。
常见的反射式液晶显示技术有电子墨水屏,胆甾相液晶等。其中,胆甾相液晶是一种手性向列液晶,依靠扭曲的液晶层反射一定波长的光,液晶具备双稳态功能,可以实现断电后画面保持。胆甾相液晶根据加载电压的不同,可以形成两种稳态和一种非稳态。电压较低时,处于布拉格反射状态,简称P态(稳态),通过对处于P态的液晶施加一定的脉冲电压,液晶分子的排布被打乱,形成各向同性的状态,没有特定的光被反射,该状态为焦锥态,简称FC态(稳态)。再次输入高电压脉冲时,液晶分子会全部竖直排列,该状态为场致向列态,简称H态(非稳态)。由H态电压迅速撤电至P态电压,可以实现H态到P态的转换;由H态电压缓慢撤电到FC态电压,可以实现H态到FC态的转换;由P态电压加电到FC态电压,可以实现由P态到FC态的转换。因此,应用双稳态显示技术通过控制电压,转变两种状态实现低功耗显示的胆甾相显示器件,逐渐得到了广泛的使用。
单层胆甾相显示器件通过在上下玻璃基板中间设置液晶层,在下玻璃基板外侧涂覆油墨层可以实现双色显示。例如显示红黑双色,液晶层就用螺距反射红色波长的液晶,油墨颜色为黑色,当液晶层是透明态的时候,外界光进入显示屏被底部黑色油墨全部吸收,显示黑色;当液晶层反射红色波长光的时候,显示红色,剩余光透过液晶层也会被底部黑色油墨层全部吸收。可以通过选择液晶层反射的颜色和油墨颜色,来实现不同的双色显示,比如反射黄色波长光的液晶层和蓝色油墨组合,可以实现蓝白双色显示。
随着人们对于显示器件的显示效果与低功耗性能需求的增加,双色显示的反射式液晶显示器件已经无法满足人们的需求。但因为反射式液晶显示器件中的液晶只有反射态和透明态,通过与底层油墨的颜色匹配,单层液晶盒只能实现双色显示,为了实现更多的颜色显示,需要通过叠加多层显示结构的方式,例如双层胆甾相来实现四色显示。然而多层显示结构需要多层液晶盒的叠加,制作工艺更繁杂,制作成本增加,并且显示器件整体的重量和体积显著增加,工作的功耗更高。
发明内容
发明目的:针对现有技术的缺陷,本发明的目的在于提供一种通过在上下基板间设置密封的围堰结构,并向其中灌注不同的显示材料,从而可以实现单层多色显示的反射式显示器件及其制造方法。
技术方案:
本发明一方面提供了一种多色反射式显示器件,包括:
-上基板和下基板,所述上基板和所述下基板相对平行设置;
-形成于上基板的公共电极;
-形成于下基板的像素电极;
所述公共电极与所述像素电极彼此面对面;
-若干个垂直形成于上基板和下基板之间的围堰结构;
所述围堰结构沿像素阵列四周设置,与上基板和下基板之间形成若干密闭空间;
所述每个密闭空间四周存在至少一个密封闭口;
每个密闭空间内填充有同种显示材料,不同密闭空间内填充有同种或不同种显示材料;
-油墨层,所述油墨层形成于所述下基板的外侧。
进一步地,所述不同密闭空间内填充有至少两种显示材料。
进一步地,所述围堰结构与像素电极的金属驱动线路重叠。
进一步地,所述围堰结构厚度为3-5μm;所述围堰结构总体横截面积不超过所述多色反射式显示器件有效显示区域的5%。
进一步地,所述围堰结构通过光刻胶混合物经预处理固化而成。
进一步地,所述密封闭口为围堰结构经激光消融开口后,通过胶体材料密封、固化得到;所述胶体材料与围堰结构相同或不同。
进一步地,所述显示材料为具有双稳态特性的电子材料;所述具有双稳态特性的电子材料选自胆甾相液晶、电致着色材料或电泳着色材料中的至少一种。
再一方面,本发明还提供了前述多色反射式显示器件的制造方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、在下基板表面设置像素电极,在上基板表面设置公共电极;
S2、在公共电极表面涂覆光刻胶混合物,经预处理后固化形成围堰结构;
S3、将上基板和下基板真空对盒,形成封闭的液晶盒;
S4、对部分围堰结构进行开口,然后对开口的围堰结构灌注同种显示材料,灌注后对开口进行密封、固化,形成密封闭口;
S5、重复S4,依次向围堰结构内灌注相同或不同的显示材料后,进行密封制得所述多色反射式显示器件。
进一步地,所述步骤S4中部分围堰结构为密封相同类型像素的围堰结构。
进一步地,所述步骤S4中开口方式为激光消融;所述灌注方法为真空灌注。
有益效果:
(1)本发明提供的多色反射式显示器件,在上下基板间设置可以密封像素阵列的围堰结构并形成若干密闭空间,通过在密闭空间中填充不同的显示材料而不互相流通,并且通过不同显示材料与不同像素的匹配,可以控制显示结构反射或透过多种颜色光,并配合底层的油墨,可以实现多种颜色光的混合或显示,进而显著增强显示器件的颜色表现性能,提高显示效果;并且若干的密闭空间可以将多种显示材料密封灌注在单层显示结构内,可以减少多色显示器件的结构,降低制造成本和器件功耗;同时形成密闭空间的围堰结构垂直形成于上基板和下基板之间,可以起到支撑、抗按压的效果。
(2)本发明提供的多色反射式显示器件,通过单层多色的显示结构,一方面可以提升显示器件的颜色表现性能,提高显示效果;另一方面可以减少多色显示器件的结构,降低制造成本和器件功耗。
(3)本发明提供的多色反射式显示器件的制造方法,通过控制激光开口、真空灌注和固化密封的制造顺序,分别在密封像素阵列的密闭空间内灌注不同的显示材料,一方面控制工艺顺序,可以避免不同显示材料相互接触,造成污染;另一方面对灌注相同显示材料的密闭空间同时开口进行真空灌注,可以显著提高制造效率,降低制造成本。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
图1为本发明多色反射式显示器件结构示意图。
图2为本发明围堰结构俯视示意图。
图3为本发明多色反射式显示器件的制造方法俯视示意图。
其中,1表示上基板;2表示下基板;3表示密封框;4表示围堰结构;5表示密封闭口;6表示灌注口;7表示胆甾相液晶1;8表示胆甾相液晶2;9表示胆甾相液晶3。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的,决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
需要注意的是,这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式,而非意图限制根据本发明的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的,除非上下文另外明确指出,否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式,此外,还应当理解的是,当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时,其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合。
除非另外具体说明,否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。同时,应当清楚,为了便于描述,附图中所示出的各个部分的尺寸并不是按照实际的比例关系绘制的。对于相关领域普通技术人员己知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论,但在适当情况下,所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为授权说明书的一部分。在这里示出和讨论的所有示例中,任向具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的,而不是作为限制。因此,示例性实施例的其它示例可以具有不同的值。应注意到:相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项,因此,一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义,则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
在本发明的描述中,需要理解的是,方位词如“前、后、上、下、左、右”、“横向、竖向、垂直、水平”和“顶、底”等所指示的方位或位置关系通常是基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,在未作相反说明的情况下,这些方位词并不指示和暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位或者以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制:方位词“内、外”是指相对于各部件本身的轮廓的内外。
如图1所示,本发明提供了一种多色反射式显示器件,所述显示器件包括相对平行设置的上基板1和下基板2。上基板和下基板可以是刚性基板或可挠性基板。其中,刚性基板例如是玻璃板或聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯基板,可挠性基板例如是聚酰亚胺或聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯所制成的基板。除了上述所列举的材料外,上基板和下基板也可以使由其他材料所制成的刚性基板或可挠性基板。
本发明的多色反射式显示器件还包括形成于上基板的公共电极,形成于下基板的像素电极,公共电极与所述像素电极彼此面对面。特别地,上基板与公共电极之间,下基板与像素电极之间可能存在胶层,因此,公共电极与像素电极并不限定一定要接触上基板与下基板。
本发明的多色反射式显示器件还包括若干个垂直形成于上基板1和下基板2之间的围堰结构4;所述围堰结构沿像素阵列四周设置,与上基板和下基板之间形成若干密闭空间;所述每个密闭空间四周存在至少一个密封闭口5;所述密封闭口的胶体材料与围堰结构材料相同或不同,可以为光刻胶混合物或UV胶中的一种;每个密闭空间内填充有同种显示材料,不同密闭空间内填充有同种或不同种显示材料。本发明的显示材料为具有双稳态特性的电子材料;所述具有双稳态特性的电子材料选自胆甾相液晶、电致着色材料或电泳着色材料中的至少一种。特别的是,相同的电子材料指螺距、类型均相同的电子材料;不同的电子材料指类型不同或螺距不同的电子材料。
本发明通过在像素阵列四周设置围堰结构,与上下基板形成若干个互不相通的密闭空间,进而可以在密闭空间中相同或不同的显示材料而不互相流通,以此在单层显示结构中填充可以反射不同波长光的显示材料,进而通过对电极的控制达到单层多色显示的效果。
本发明的多色反射式显示器件还包括油墨层,所述油墨层形成于所述下基板的外侧。本发明通过油墨层与显示材料互相搭配,一方面可以在显示材料处于反射态时,吸收透过的光,提升显示效果;另一方面可以在显示材料处于透明态时,吸收外界光,进而显示出油墨层的颜色。油墨层颜色可以根据显示需要进行选择,并不局限于黑色油墨,还可以为蓝色或绿色等。举例来说,当油墨层为黑色时并与可以反射红色波长光的显示材料搭配,通过控制显示材料的状态可以实现红黑双色显示,在本发明单层多色显示的结构下,通过控制不同显示材料的状态,可以实现多种颜色显示,显著提高显示效果。
当然,本实施例的抗按压反射式显示器件还应当包含本领域技术人员知晓的一些必要组件。例如,驱动显示介质工作的电极组件,通常是包含像素电极及公共电极;将两片基板和显示介质固定的密封框3;进一步降低驱动电压的配向膜。
为了实现单层多色显示的效果,本发明的不同密闭空间内填充有至少两种显示材料。本发明中通过不同的显示材料与像素进行匹配,可以实现控制不同波长光线的穿透或反射,进而实现多色显示的效果。举例来说,不同的显示材料可以是呈现反射红光的胆甾相液晶1,呈现反射绿光的胆甾相液晶2,呈现反射蓝光的胆甾相液晶3,如图2所示,三种显示材料分别与像素1、像素2和像素3进行匹配,通过像素控制不同液晶为反射态或透明态,使不同的像素部分分别反射或透过红、黄、蓝色光,并与底部的油墨相结合,可以通过单层显示结构实现不同颜色光之间的混合,从而达到单层多色显示的效果,进而提升显示器件的颜色表现性能,提高显示效果。
进一步地,为了不影响光线在像素内的穿透,本发明的围堰结构可以与下基板像素电极的金属驱动线路重叠。
本发明的黑色围堰结构需要具有适宜的厚度,厚度过高会影响显示效果,厚度过低会影响支撑强度,优选地,黑色围堰结构厚度为3-5μm。
为了不影响显示器件的显示效果且保证具有足够的支撑强度,本发明需要控制围堰结构的总体横截面积,较佳地,围堰结构的总体横截面积不超过多色反射式显示器件有效显示区域的5%。
本发明的光刻胶混合物包含光聚合性树脂、光聚合性单体、光引发剂和有机溶剂,光聚合性树脂例如可以为丙烯酸酯树脂或环氧丙烯酸酯;光聚合性单体例如可以为丙烯酸酯单体;光引发剂例如可以为2-羟基-2-甲基苯丙酮、光引发剂907或光引发剂184。举例来说,将丙烯酸酯树脂、丙烯酸酯单体、光引发剂907、丙二醇甲醚醋酸酯和环己酮混合,在光照下发生聚合反应即得。
本发明的围堰结构经激光消融开口后,通过胶体材料密封、固化后形成密封闭口,进而实现密封不同显示材料而不互相流通,实现单层多色显示的效果。
下面以图3说明本发明多色反射式显示器件的制造方法,至少包括以下步骤:
S1、在下基板2表面设置像素电极,在上基板1表面设置公共电极;
S2、在公共电极表面涂覆光刻胶混合物,经预处理后固化形成围堰结构4;
S3、将上基板1和下基板2真空对盒,形成封闭的液晶盒;
S4、对部分围堰结构4进行开口,形成灌注口6,然后对开口的围堰结构灌注同种显示材料,灌注后对开口进行密封、固化,形成密封闭口5;
S5、重复S4,依次向围堰结构内灌注相同或不同的显示材料后,进行密封制得所述多色反射式显示器件。
为了优化制造方法,减少操作工序,本发明制造方法的步骤S4中部分围堰结构为密封相同类型像素的围堰结构。如图2所示,密封相同类型像素的围堰结构指密封像素1的围堰结构、密封像素2的围堰结构或密封像素3的围堰结构。本发明通过同时对密封相同类型像素的围堰结构进行开口,形成灌注口,统一灌注同种显示材料,一方面同时完成同类像素显示材料的灌注,可以减少灌注的操作次数,提高制造效率;另一方面可以避免不同显示材料之间相互接触,造成显示材料的污染,影响显示效果。
所述步骤S4中开口方式为激光消融;所述灌注方法为真空灌注。
综上所述,本发明在上下基板间设置可以密封像素阵列的围堰结构并形成若干密闭空间,通过在密闭空间中填充不同的显示材料而不互相流通,并且通过不同显示材料与不同像素的匹配,可以控制显示结构反射或透过多种颜色光,并配合底层的油墨,可以实现多种颜色光的混合或显示,进而显著增强显示器件的颜色表现性能,提高显示效果;并且若干的密闭空间可以将多种显示材料密封灌注在单层显示结构内,可以减少多色显示器件的结构,降低制造成本和器件功耗;同时形成密闭空间的围堰结构垂直形成于上基板和下基板之间,可以起到支撑、抗按压的效果。
本发明提供的多色反射式显示器件,通过单层多色的显示结构,一方面可以提升显示器件的颜色表现性能,提高显示效果;另一方面可以减少多色显示器件的结构,降低制造成本和器件功耗。
本发明的制造方法通过控制激光开口、真空灌注和固化密封的制造顺序,分别在密封像素阵列的密闭空间内灌注不同的显示材料,一方面控制工艺顺序,可以避免不同显示材料相互接触,造成污染;另一方面对灌注相同显示材料的密闭空间同时开口进行真空灌注,可以显著提高制造效率,降低制造成本。
以上所揭露的仅为本发明较佳实施例而已,当然不能以此来限定本发明之权利范围,本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例的全部或部分流程,并依本发明权利要求所做的等同变化,仍属于本发明所涵盖的范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种多色反射式显示器件,其特征在于,包括:
-上基板和下基板,所述上基板和所述下基板相对平行设置;
-形成于上基板的公共电极;
-形成于下基板的像素电极;
所述公共电极与所述像素电极彼此面对面;
-若干个垂直形成于上基板和下基板之间的围堰结构;
所述围堰结构沿像素阵列四周设置,与上基板和下基板之间形成若干密闭空间;
所述每个密闭空间四周的围堰结构上存在至少一个密封闭口,所述密封闭口的材料与所述围堰结构的材料相同或不同;
每个密闭空间内填充有同种显示材料,不同密闭空间内填充有同种或不同种显示材料;
-油墨层,所述油墨层形成于所述下基板的外侧。
2.根据权利要求1所述的多色反射式显示器件,其特征在于,所述不同密闭空间内填充有至少两种显示材料。
3.根据权利要求1所述的多色反射式显示器件,其特征在于,所述围堰结构与像素电极的金属驱动线路重叠。
4.根据权利要求1所述的多色反射式显示器件,其特征在于,所述围堰结构厚度为3-5μm;所述围堰结构总体横截面积不超过所述多色反射式显示器件有效显示区域的5%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的多色反射式显示器件,其特征在于,所述围堰结构通过光刻胶混合物经预处理固化而成。
6.根据权利要求1所述的多色反射式显示器件,其特征在于,所述密封闭口为围堰结构经激光消融开口后,通过胶体材料密封、固化得到。
7.根据权利要求1所述的多色反射式显示器件,其特征在于,所述显示材料为具有双稳态特性的电子材料;所述具有双稳态特性的电子材料选自胆甾相液晶、电致着色材料或电泳着色材料中的至少一种。
8.权利要求1-7任意一项所述多色反射式显示器件的制造方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1、在下基板表面设置像素电极,在上基板表面设置公共电极;
S2、在公共电极表面涂覆光刻胶混合物,经预处理后固化形成围堰结构;
S3、将上基板和下基板真空对盒,形成封闭的液晶盒;
S4、对部分围堰结构进行开口,然后对开口的围堰结构灌注同种显示材料,灌注后对开口进行密封、固化,形成密封闭口;
S5、重复S4,依次向围堰结构内灌注相同或不同的显示材料后,进行密封制得所述多色反射式显示器件。
9.根据权利要求8所述的多色反射式显示器件的制造方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S4中部分围堰结构为密封相同类型像素的围堰结构。
10.根据权利要求8所述的多色反射式显示器件的制造方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S4中开口方式为激光消融;所述灌注方法为真空灌注。
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