CN117804927A - Shape memory polymer deformation recovery characteristic testing device and method - Google Patents

Shape memory polymer deformation recovery characteristic testing device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117804927A
CN117804927A CN202311846856.6A CN202311846856A CN117804927A CN 117804927 A CN117804927 A CN 117804927A CN 202311846856 A CN202311846856 A CN 202311846856A CN 117804927 A CN117804927 A CN 117804927A
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China
Prior art keywords
motor
deformation
recovery
fixed
guide rod
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姚宝国
牟子豪
张飞
周子晗
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China Jiliang University
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China Jiliang University
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Priority to CN202311846856.6A priority Critical patent/CN117804927A/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/20—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady bending forces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02—Details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02—Details
    • G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02—Details
    • G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
    • G01N3/068—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means with optical indicating or recording means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/22—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady torsional forces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
    • G01N2203/0003—Steady
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0021—Torsional
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0023—Bending
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0026—Combination of several types of applied forces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
    • G01N2203/005—Electromagnetic means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
    • G01N2203/0222—Temperature
    • G01N2203/0226—High temperature; Heating means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/0641—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/0641—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors
    • G01N2203/0647—Image analysis
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
    • G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
    • G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a shape memory polymer deformation recovery characteristic testing device and a method, wherein the shape memory polymer deformation recovery characteristic testing device comprises a frame, a recovery displacement testing component, a bending torsion creasing component, a creasing recovery force testing component, a heating refrigeration temperature measuring component, a conductive fiber flexible strain sensor and a position detecting component, wherein the bending torsion creasing component can enable a sample to generate a single bending deformation effect, a single torsion deformation effect or a bending and torsion composite deformation effect in a clamping state, and can be used for testing dynamic change values of strain, deformation, bending force, torsion force, recovery displacement and creasing recovery force in a deformation and recovery process for a single machine, and the characteristic indexes of the four aspects of the thermal characteristic, creasing recovery characteristic, bending resistance characteristic and torsion resistance characteristic of the sample are obtained through test data analysis and calculation, so that the shape memory polymer deformation recovery characteristic can be rapidly and accurately measured.

Description

Shape memory polymer deformation recovery characteristic testing device and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of polymer physical property testing, in particular to a device and a method for testing deformation recovery properties of a shape memory polymer.
Background
With the continuous improvement of the living standard of people, the shape memory polymer gradually goes into the field of vision of people, and is more and more widely applied in the field of textile clothing in recent years. However, the fabric is deformed under the influence of daily wear, transportation, storage or external factors, which directly affects the beauty and comfort of the clothing. Moreover, the deformed convex part and the outside are worn seriously, so that the service life of the clothes is influenced. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a device capable of effectively testing the shape memory polymer for deformation recovery characteristics, and to well test the shape memory polymer for deformation recovery characteristics and to guide the development of new polymers with better deformation recovery.
Chinese patent CN109342311a discloses a high-precision fabric wrinkle recovery angle detector, which includes a torsion sensor, an angle encoder, etc., after clamping the fabric on a fixing plate. The stepping motor provides torsion, then the crease and the return angle are automatically measured, the angle data are converted into electric signals through the angle encoder, and finally the angle data are digitally output. Chinese patent CN102305848A discloses a fabric crease recovery test device and method, the device uses a camera to shoot an image before the fabric is creased, then the fabric is creased by a creasing mechanism, then the image after the fabric is creased is shot again, and the crease recovery characteristic of the fabric is obtained by image processing and calculating the crease recovery rate of the fabric.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a device and a method for accurately testing shape memory polymer deformation recovery characteristics, especially for testing four objective evaluation indexes of thermal characteristics, crease recovery characteristics, bending resistance and torsion resistance on a testing device, wherein the objective evaluation index of thermal characteristics is strain average change rate, the objective evaluation index of crease recovery characteristics is displacement recovery rate and crease recovery force, the objective evaluation index of bending resistance is bending recovery rate and bending strength, and the objective evaluation index of torsion resistance is torsion strength and torsion power.
The invention provides a shape memory polymer deformation recovery characteristic testing device with the following structure, which comprises a frame, a recovery displacement testing component, a bending and twisting crumple component, a crumple recovery force testing component, a heating and refrigerating temperature measuring component, a conductive fiber flexible strain sensor and a position detecting component, wherein the frame comprises an upper layer platform, a middle platform, a lower layer platform, a plurality of stand columns and a sheet clamp, the stand columns are arranged between the lower layer platform and the upper layer platform, the middle platform is fixed on the stand columns and is positioned between the lower layer platform and the upper layer platform, and the sheet clamp is arranged on the upper surface of the middle platform;
the bending, twisting and creasing assembly is used for generating three deformation modes of single bending deformation, single twisting deformation and creasing deformation generated by the combined action of bending and twisting for the shape memory polymer to be tested;
the conductive fiber flexible strain sensor is arranged on the surface of the shape memory polymer to be tested and is used for testing the strain in deformation and deformation recovery.
Optionally, the restoring displacement testing component comprises a motor a, a motor support a, a coupler a, a screw a, a vertical screw rod seat, screw nuts, a connecting piece, a guide rod a, a guide rod seat, a guide rod workbench, a telescopic rod, an industrial camera a, an industrial camera b and a camera support, wherein the motor a is fixed on the upper surface of the upper-layer platform through the motor support a, the screw nuts are driven to rotate through the coupler a to drive the connecting piece and the guide rod workbench to move along the guide rod a, the guide rods a are respectively arranged on two sides of the screw rod a, two ends of each guide rod a are respectively fixed with a guide rod seat to provide support, the industrial camera a is arranged below the telescopic rod, the telescopic rod is arranged below the connecting piece, the industrial camera b is arranged on the camera support, and the camera support is fixed on the upper surface of the lower-layer platform.
Alternatively, the bending and twisting creasing assembly comprises an i-shaped compression bar, a vertical sliding block, a screw rod b, a guide rod b, a horizontal screw rod seat, a horizontal guide rod seat, a motor support b and a motor b, wherein the upper end of the screw rod b is fixed by the horizontal screw rod seat, the lower end of the screw rod b penetrates through the middle platform and is driven by the motor b, the motor b is fixed on the lower surface of the middle platform by the motor support b, the guide rods b are respectively arranged on two sides of the screw rod b, the horizontal guide rod seat is fixed between the middle platform and the upper platform, the vertical sliding block is sleeved on the horizontal guide rod seat, the i-shaped compression bar is arranged between the two guide rods b in a straddling manner and is arranged on the vertical sliding block, and the up-down movement of the i-shaped compression bar is realized by the rotation of the motor b.
Optionally, the bending and twisting creasing assembly further comprises an adaptive moving sheet clamp, an electric chuck, a front end of a fixing piece, a rear end of the fixing piece, a coupler b, a motor c, a shell, a linear module Y, a linear module X, a coaming and a sliding rail, wherein the adaptive moving sheet clamp is fixed at the tail end of an executing mechanism of the electric chuck, can be opened and closed in a self-adaptive manner and follow up according to deformation and deformation recovery processes and dynamic changes of creasing restoring force and recovery displacement, and is used for clamping a sample and limiting a sample recovery path, and the adaptive moving sheet clamp is controlled to be opened and closed by the electric chuck; the electric chuck tail is installed on the mounting front end, the mounting rear end passes through shaft coupling b to be connected on motor c, motor c installs in the shell for the self-adaptation moving plate clamp and the electric chuck rotation of drive mounting rear end, mounting front end and the last installation, two motion units parallel arrangement in the shell both sides of straight line module Y, fix the upper surface at bounding wall horizontal part, be used for driving the shell and remove in perpendicular to slide rail direction, straight line module X is fixed in middle platform's upper surface, is connected with the vertical partial outside of bounding wall, and the bounding wall of drive installation on the slide rail is in being on a parallel with the slide rail direction and removes.
Alternatively, the shape memory polymer deformation recovery characteristic test apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the crease restoring force testing assembly comprises a motor d, a sleeve support, a sensor a, a ball head testing rod, a sleeve, a motor support c, a coupler, a gear, a rack, a guide rod seat, a supporting plate, a horizontal sliding block, a guide rod, an extension plate and a sensor b, wherein the guide rod seat is arranged on the upper surface of a lower-layer platform, the guide rod is penetrated between the guide rods, a plurality of horizontal sliding blocks are sleeved on the guide rod, the supporting plate is arranged on the horizontal sliding block, the sleeve supports are fixedly arranged on two T-shaped bulges of the supporting plate, the sleeve is penetrated between the sleeve supports, a groove is formed in the sleeve supports and is used for placing the sensor a, the ball head testing rod is placed in the sleeve, the tail end plane is in contact with the sensor a, the rack is arranged on the side surface of the supporting plate and meshed with the gear, the gear is driven by the motor d arranged on the motor support c through the coupler, the motor support c is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of an intermediate platform, and the extension plate is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the front end of a fixing piece and is provided with the sensor b.
Optionally, the heating and refrigerating temperature measuring assembly comprises a heating plate, a refrigerating plate, a fixed copper plate, a movable copper plate, a thin column, a connecting rod a, a connecting rod b, a motor e and a motor support d, wherein the fixed copper plate is fixed on the upper surface of a lower-layer platform through the thin column connected to the lower end of the fixed copper plate, the lower end of the fixed copper plate is relatively fixed with the lower end of the movable copper plate to form a hinge type opening and closing mechanism, the movable copper plate is driven by the motor e through the connecting rod a and the connecting rod b, a plurality of heating plates and a plurality of refrigerating plates are distributed on the lower surface of the movable copper plate in a staggered mode, the motor e is installed on the motor support d, and the motor support d is installed on the upper surface of the lower-layer platform.
Optionally, the position detection assembly comprises a grating ruler and a photoelectric encoder, wherein the grating ruler is arranged on the upper surface of the upper layer platform and used for measuring the displacement of the connecting piece, and the photoelectric encoder is arranged on a rotating shaft at the rear end of the fixing piece and used for measuring the rotating angle at the rear end of the fixing piece.
The invention also provides another technical solution, a shape memory polymer deformation recovery characteristic testing method, based on the shape memory polymer deformation recovery characteristic testing device, comprises the following specific testing steps:
step one: one end of a shape memory polymer sample is fixed on a sheet clamp, the other end of the shape memory polymer sample is fixed on an adaptive sheet clamp, a conductive fiber flexible strain sensor is arranged on the surface of the sample, and a linear module Y and a motor b or a linear module X and a motor c or a linear module X, a linear module Y and a motor b and a motor c are started, so that the sample generates a single bending deformation effect, a single twisting deformation effect or a bending and twisting composite deformation effect according to the requirement; a photoelectric encoder in the position detection assembly detects the rotation angle of the self-adaptive moving plate clamp;
step two: in the deformation process, the motor e drives the movable copper plate to cling to the sample, and starts a heating plate on the movable copper plate to heat the sample, and meanwhile, the heating plate collects a temperature signal in the heating process; the conductive fiber flexible strain sensor tests strain in deformation; recovering the industrial camera a and the industrial camera b in the displacement testing assembly to acquire dynamic deformation pictures of the samples in real time, and obtaining dynamic change values of deformation by adopting a digital image correlation analysis method; the sensor a and the sensor b in the crease restoring force testing assembly collect bending force and twisting force signals in the deformation process; a grating ruler in the position detection assembly detects the position of the industrial camera a;
step three: after the sample is deformed to a crumple state, the heating plate stops heating, the cooling plate cools the sample to a shape for maintaining, the rotary motor c is driven to an initial state, the electric chuck is driven to loosen the self-adaptive moving plate clamp, the heating plate is heated again, and the sample starts to deform and recover after the self-adaptive moving plate clamp is loosened; the conductive fiber flexible strain sensor tests strain in deformation recovery; the industrial camera a and the industrial camera b in the recovery displacement testing component acquire dynamic deformation recovery pictures of the sample in real time, and a digital image correlation analysis method is adopted to obtain dynamic change values of recovery displacement; the sensor a and the sensor b in the crease recovery force testing assembly collect crease recovery force signals comprising bending force and torsion force in the deformation recovery process;
step four: restoring all motors and the linear modules to the initial positions; objective evaluation indexes of four aspects of thermal property, crease recovery property, bending resistance property and torsion resistance property are obtained through analysis and calculation of test data, and are used for evaluating and analyzing deformation recovery properties of a test sample.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: by adopting the invention, through controlling the motion states of different motors, the sample can generate a single bending effect, a single twisting effect or a composite effect of bending and twisting under the clamping state, and objective evaluation indexes of four aspects of thermal property, crease recovery property, bending resistance property and torsion resistance property can be obtained by testing on one device, so as to comprehensively evaluate and analyze the crease deformation recovery property of the test sample.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a shape memory polymer deformation recovery characteristic testing apparatus according to the present invention.
In the figure: the upper stage 101, the middle stage 102, the lower stage 103, the upright 104, the sheet holder 105, the guide rod holder 201, the vertical guide rod holder 202, the guide rod a203, the connector 204, the screw nut 205, the guide rod a206, the guide rod table 207, the telescopic rod 208, the industrial camera a209, the coupler a210, the motor support a211, the motor a212, the industrial camera b213, the camera support 214, the movable sheet holder 301, the electric chuck 302, the fixture front end 303, the fixture rear end 304, the coupler b305, the motor c306, the housing 307, the linear module Y308, the linear module X309, the coaming 310, the slide rail 311, the motor b312, the motor support b313, the horizontal guide rod holder 314, the horizontal guide rod holder 315, the guide rod b316, the guide rod b317, the vertical slider 318, the i-shaped compression rod, the motor d401, the sleeve support 402, the sensor a403, the ball test rod 404, the sleeve 405, the motor support c406, the coupler 407, the gear b 409, the guide rod holder 410, the support plate 411, the horizontal slider 412, the guide rod 413, the extension plate 414, the sensor b415, the motor support d 502, the motor support b 502, the movable sheet b 509, the optical disc 502, the optical disc 509, the movable sheet encoder support b 602, the optical disc 602, the movable sheet 602, the optical disc 602, and the optical disc 602.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and the specific examples.
The invention is intended to cover any alternatives, modifications, equivalents, and variations that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention. In the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention, specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the invention, and the invention will be fully understood to those skilled in the art without such details. Furthermore, the drawings of the present invention are not necessarily to scale, nor are they necessarily drawn to scale.
As shown in FIG. 1, the shape memory polymer deformation recovery characteristic testing device comprises a frame, a recovery displacement testing component, a bending torsion creasing component, a creasing recovery force testing component, a heating and refrigerating temperature measuring component, a conductive fiber flexible strain sensor and a position detecting component. The machine frame comprises an upper layer platform 101, a middle platform 102, a lower layer platform 103, a plurality of upright posts 104 and a sheet clamp 105, wherein the upright posts 104 are arranged between the lower layer platform 103 and the upper layer platform 101, the middle platform 102 is fixed on the upright posts 104 and is positioned between the lower layer platform 103 and the upper layer platform 101, and the sheet clamp 105 is arranged on the upper surface of the middle platform 102;
the bending, twisting and creasing assembly is used for generating three deformation modes of single bending deformation, single twisting deformation and creasing deformation generated by the combined action of bending and twisting for the shape memory polymer to be tested;
the conductive fiber flexible strain sensor is arranged on the surface of the shape memory polymer to be tested and is used for testing the strain in deformation and deformation recovery.
The return displacement testing assembly comprises a motor a212, a motor support a211, a coupler a210, a screw a203, a vertical screw rod seat 202, screw rod nuts 205, a connecting piece 204, a guide rod a206, a guide rod seat 201, a guide rod workbench 207, a telescopic rod 208, an industrial camera a209, an industrial camera b213 and a camera support 214, wherein the motor a212 is fixed on the upper surface of the upper-layer platform 101 through the motor support a211, the screw rod a203 is driven to rotate through the coupler a210 to drive the screw rod nuts 205 to drive the connecting piece 204 and the guide rod workbench 207 to move along the guide rod a206, the guide rod a206 is arranged on two sides of the screw rod a203, two ends of each guide rod a206 are respectively fixed with a guide rod seat 201 to provide support, the industrial camera a209 is installed below the telescopic rod 208, the telescopic rod 208 is installed below the connecting piece 204, the industrial camera b213 is installed on the camera support 214, and the camera support 214 is fixed on the upper surface of the lower-layer platform 103.
The bending and twisting crease assembly comprises an I-shaped pressing rod 319, a vertical sliding block 318, a screw rod b317, a guide rod b316, a horizontal screw rod seat 315, a horizontal guide rod seat 314, a motor support b313 and a motor b312, wherein the upper end of the screw rod b317 is fixed by the horizontal screw rod seat 315, the lower end of the screw rod b317 penetrates through the middle platform 102 to be driven by the motor b312, the motor b312 is fixed on the lower surface of the middle platform 102 by the motor support b313, the guide rods b316 are respectively arranged on two sides of the screw rod b317, the horizontal guide rod seat 314 is fixed between the middle platform 102 and the upper platform 101, the vertical sliding block 318 is sleeved on the guide rods, the I-shaped pressing rod 319 is arranged between the two guide rods b316 in a crossing mode and is arranged on the vertical sliding block 318, and the I-shaped pressing rod 319 moves up and down through rotation of the motor b 312.
The bending, twisting and creasing assembly further comprises an adaptive moving sheet clamp 301, an electric chuck 302, a front end 303 of a fixing piece, a rear end 304 of the fixing piece, a coupler b305, a motor c306, a housing 307, a linear module Y308, a linear module X309, a coaming 310 and a sliding rail 311, wherein the adaptive moving sheet clamp 301 is fixed at the tail end of an executing mechanism of the electric chuck 302, can be opened and closed in a self-adaptive manner according to deformation and deformation recovery processes and dynamic changes of creasing restoring force and recovery displacement, and is used for clamping a sample and limiting a sample recovery path, and the adaptive moving sheet clamp 301 is controlled to be opened and closed by the electric chuck 302; the tail of the electric chuck 302 is mounted on the front end 303 of the fixing piece, the rear end 304 of the fixing piece is connected to the motor c306 through the coupler b305, the motor c306 is mounted in the housing 307 and used for driving the rear end 304 of the fixing piece, the front end 303 of the fixing piece, the self-adaptive moving sheet clamp 301 mounted on the front end 303 of the fixing piece and the electric chuck 302 to rotate, two moving units of the linear module Y308 are arranged on two sides of the housing 307 in parallel and fixed on the upper surface of the horizontal part of the enclosing plate 310 and used for driving the housing 307 to move in the direction perpendicular to the sliding rail 311, and the linear module X309 is fixed on the upper surface of the middle platform 102 and connected with the outer side of the vertical part of the enclosing plate 310 and drives the enclosing plate 310 mounted on the sliding rail 311 to move in the direction parallel to the sliding rail 311.
The crease restoring force testing assembly comprises a motor d401, a sleeve bracket 402, a sensor a403, a ball head testing rod 404, a sleeve 405, a motor bracket c406, a coupler 407, a gear 408, a rack 409, a guide rod seat 410, a supporting plate 411, a horizontal sliding block 412, a guide rod 413, an extension plate 414 and a sensor b415, wherein the guide rod seat 410 is arranged on the upper surface of the lower-layer platform 103, a plurality of horizontal sliding blocks 412 are sleeved on the guide rod 413, the supporting plate 411 is arranged on the horizontal sliding block 412, sleeve brackets 402 are respectively fixed on two T-shaped bulges of the supporting plate 411, the sleeve 405 is arranged between the sleeve brackets 402 in a penetrating manner, a groove is formed in the sleeve 405 and is used for placing the sensor a403, the ball head testing rod 404 is arranged in the sleeve 405, the tail end plane is in contact with the sensor a403, the rack 409 is arranged on the side of the supporting plate 411 and meshed with the gear 408, the gear 408 is driven by the motor d401 arranged on the motor bracket c406 through the coupler 407, the motor bracket c is fixed on the lower surface of the middle platform 102, the extension plate 414 is fixed on the front end of the sensor b 303.
The heating and refrigerating temperature measuring assembly comprises a heating plate 509, a refrigerating plate 508, a fixed copper plate 507, a movable copper plate 506, a thin column 505, a connecting rod a504, a connecting rod b503, a motor e502 and a motor support d501, wherein the fixed copper plate 507 is fixed on the upper surface of the lower layer platform 103 through the thin column 505 connected to the lower end of the fixed copper plate 507, the lower end of the fixed copper plate is relatively fixed with the lower end of the movable copper plate 506 to form a hinge type opening and closing mechanism, the movable copper plate 506 is driven by the motor e502 through the connecting rod a504 and the connecting rod b503, a plurality of heating plates 509 and a plurality of refrigerating plates 508 are distributed on the lower surface of the movable copper plate 506 in a staggered mode, the motor e502 is installed on the motor support d501, and the motor support d501 is installed on the upper surface of the lower layer platform 103.
The position detection assembly comprises a grating ruler 602 and a photoelectric encoder 601, wherein the grating ruler 602 is arranged on the upper surface of the upper platform 101 and used for measuring the displacement of the connecting piece 204, and the photoelectric encoder 601 is arranged on a rotating shaft at the rear end 304 of the fixing piece and used for measuring the rotating angle of the rear end 304 of the fixing piece.
The device comprises the following specific testing steps: one end of a shape memory polymer sample is fixed on a sheet clamp, the other end of the shape memory polymer sample is fixed on an adaptive sheet clamp, a conductive fiber flexible strain sensor is arranged on the surface of the sample, and a linear module Y and a motor b or a linear module X and a motor c or a linear module X, a linear module Y and a motor b and a motor c are started, so that the sample generates a single bending deformation effect, a single twisting deformation effect or a bending and twisting composite deformation effect according to the requirement; a photoelectric encoder in the position detection assembly detects the rotation angle of the self-adaptive moving plate clamp; in the deformation process, the motor e drives the movable copper plate to cling to the sample, and starts a heating plate on the movable copper plate to heat the sample, and meanwhile, the heating plate collects a temperature signal in the heating process; the conductive fiber flexible strain sensor tests strain in deformation; recovering the industrial camera a and the industrial camera b in the displacement testing assembly to acquire dynamic deformation pictures of the samples in real time, and obtaining dynamic change values of deformation by adopting a digital image correlation analysis method; the sensor a and the sensor b in the crease restoring force testing assembly collect bending force and twisting force signals in the deformation process; a grating ruler in the position detection assembly detects the position of the industrial camera a; after the sample is deformed to a crumple state, the heating plate stops heating, the cooling plate cools the sample to a shape for maintaining, the rotary motor c is driven to an initial state, the electric chuck is driven to loosen the self-adaptive moving plate clamp, the heating plate is heated again, and the sample starts to deform and recover after the self-adaptive moving plate clamp is loosened; the conductive fiber flexible strain sensor tests strain in deformation recovery; the industrial camera a and the industrial camera b in the recovery displacement testing component acquire dynamic deformation recovery pictures of the sample in real time, and a digital image correlation analysis method is adopted to obtain dynamic change values of recovery displacement; the sensor a and the sensor b in the crease recovery force testing assembly collect crease recovery force signals comprising bending force and torsion force in the deformation recovery process; restoring all motors and the linear modules to the initial positions; objective evaluation indexes of four aspects of thermal property, crease recovery property, bending resistance property and torsion resistance property are obtained through analysis and calculation of test data, and are used for evaluating and analyzing deformation recovery properties of a test sample.
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
12 typical shape memory polymer samples were selected, the samples were cut into square samples of 180X 180mm, and 6 samples were randomly drawn out as test samples. One end of the sample is fixed on the sheet clamp, the other end of the sample is fixed on the movable sheet clamp, and the linear module X and the motor c are started or the linear module X and the motor c are started, so that the sample is correspondingly deformed. The motor e drives the movable copper plate to cling to the sample, and starts the heating plate on the movable copper plate to heat the sample, meanwhile, the heating plate collects temperature signals in the heating process, the industrial camera a and the industrial camera b collect dynamic deformation pictures of polymer crease states in real time, the sensor a collects bending and twisting force signals in the deformation process, after the sample is deformed to the crease state, the positive motor c is returned, the electric chuck is driven to loosen the movable clamp, the heating plate stops heating, the cooling plate cools the sample to maintain the shape, and the sensor b collects dynamic changes of crease restoring force values of the sample after the movable clamp is loosened. After all motors are restored to the initial positions, the samples are taken down, the measured data are analyzed, objective evaluation indexes of four aspects of thermal characteristics, crease recovery characteristics, bending resistance characteristics and torsion resistance characteristics are obtained, and the deformation recovery characteristics of the samples in the step 6 can be evaluated and analyzed as shown in the table 1.
Table 1: shape memory polymer deformation recovery characteristic data sheet
Index numbering 1 2 3 4 5 6
Thermodynamic properties: average rate of change of strain(s) -1 ) 0.252 0.871 0.494 0.332 0.245 0.116
Crease recovery characteristics: displacement recovery (%) 13.42 25.54 34.78 56.25 35.87 79.15
Crease recovery characteristics: crease restoring force (cN) 0.69 0.37 1.28 1.67 1.53 2.13
Flexural properties: bending recovery (%) 23.69 31.62 54.98 43.12 51.36 73.21
Flexural properties: flexural Strength (N/cm) 212.33 263.17 153.21 198.36 203.69 287.31
Anti-buckling properties: torsional strength (N/cm) 103.97 126.31 69.32 98.32 91.36 153.21
Anti-buckling properties: work of twist (N.cm/cm 2) 46.38 53.68 30.65 40.87 36.54 62.31
The test proves that the thermal property of the sample 2 is the highest, and the crease recovery property, the bending resistance and the torsion resistance of the sample 6 are the best.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not to be construed as limiting the claims. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the specific structure thereof is allowed to vary. In general, all changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.

Claims (6)

1. The shape memory polymer deformation recovery characteristic testing device is characterized in that: the device comprises a frame, a return displacement testing assembly, a bending torsion creasing assembly, a creasing restoring force testing assembly, a heating and refrigerating temperature measuring assembly, a conductive fiber flexible strain sensor and a position detecting assembly, wherein the frame comprises an upper layer platform (101), a middle platform (102), a lower layer platform (103), a plurality of stand columns (104) and a sheet clamp (105), the stand columns (104) are arranged between the lower layer platform (103) and the upper layer platform (101), the middle platform (102) is fixed on the stand columns (104) and is positioned between the lower layer platform (103) and the upper layer platform (101), and the sheet clamp (105) is arranged on the upper surface of the middle platform (102);
the bending, twisting and creasing assembly is used for generating three deformation modes of single bending deformation, single twisting deformation and creasing deformation generated by the combined action of bending and twisting for the shape memory polymer to be tested;
the conductive fiber flexible strain sensor is arranged on the surface of the shape memory polymer to be tested and is used for testing the strain in deformation and deformation recovery.
2. The shape memory polymer deformation recovery characteristic test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the restoring displacement testing assembly comprises a motor a (212), a motor support a (211), a coupler a (210), a screw rod a (203), a vertical screw rod seat (202), screw rod nuts (205), connecting pieces (204), a guide rod a (206), a guide rod seat (201), a guide rod workbench (207), a telescopic rod (208), an industrial camera a (209), an industrial camera b (213) and a camera support (214), wherein the motor a (212) is fixed on the upper surface of an upper-layer platform (101) through the motor support a (211), the screw rod a (203) is driven to rotate through the coupler a (210), the screw rod nuts (205) drive the connecting pieces (204) and the guide rod workbench (207) to move along the guide rod a (206), the guide rod a (206) is respectively arranged on two sides of the screw rod a (203), the guide rod seat (201) is respectively fixed at two ends of each guide rod a (206), the industrial camera a (209) is arranged below the telescopic rod (208), the telescopic rod (208) is arranged below the connecting pieces (204), the industrial camera b (213) is arranged on the upper-layer camera (103) and the lower-layer camera (214) is fixed on the upper-layer platform (214).
3. The shape memory polymer deformation recovery characteristic test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the bending and twisting crease assembly comprises an I-shaped pressing rod (319), a vertical sliding block (318), a screw rod b (317), a guide rod b (316), a horizontal screw rod seat (315), a horizontal guide rod seat (314), a motor support b (313) and a motor b (312), wherein the upper end of the screw rod b (317) is fixed by the horizontal screw rod seat (315), the lower end of the screw rod b (317) penetrates through the middle platform (102) and is driven by the motor b (312), the motor b (312) is fixed on the lower surface of the middle platform (102) by the motor support b (313), the guide rods b (316) are respectively arranged on two sides of the screw rod b (317), the horizontal guide rod seat (314) is fixed between the middle platform (102) and the upper platform (101), the vertical sliding block (318) is sleeved on the horizontal guide rod, the I-shaped pressing rod (319) is arranged between the two guide rods b (316) in a crossing mode, is arranged on the vertical sliding block (318), and the I-shaped pressing rod (319) is moved up and down by the rotation of the motor b (312).
The bending torsion creasing assembly further comprises an adaptive moving sheet clamp (301), an electric chuck (302), a fixing piece front end (303), a fixing piece rear end (304), a coupler b (305), a motor c (306), a shell (307), a linear module Y (308), a linear module X (309), a coaming (310) and a sliding rail (311), wherein the adaptive moving sheet clamp (301) is fixed at the tail end of an executing mechanism of the electric chuck (302) and can be adaptively opened and closed and follow according to deformation and deformation recovery processes and dynamic changes of creasing restoring force and restoring displacement, and is used for clamping a sample and limiting a sample restoring path, and the adaptive moving sheet clamp (301) is controlled to be opened and closed by the electric chuck (302); the tail of the electric chuck (302) is arranged on the front end (303) of the fixing piece, the rear end (304) of the fixing piece is connected to the motor c (306) through the coupler b (305), the motor c (306) is arranged in the shell (307) and used for driving the rear end (304) of the fixing piece, the front end (303) of the fixing piece, the self-adaptive moving sheet clamp (301) and the electric chuck (302) arranged on the fixing piece to rotate, two moving units of the linear module Y (308) are arranged on two sides of the shell (307) in parallel and fixed on the upper surface of the horizontal part of the coaming (310) and used for driving the shell (307) to move in the direction perpendicular to the sliding rail (311), and the linear module X (309) is fixed on the upper surface of the middle platform (102) and connected with the outer side of the vertical part of the coaming (310) and drives the coaming (310) arranged on the sliding rail (311) to move in the direction parallel to the sliding rail (311).
4. The shape memory polymer deformation recovery characteristic test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the crease recovery force test assembly comprises a motor d (401), a sleeve bracket (402), a sensor a (403), a ball head test rod (404), a sleeve (405), a motor bracket c (406), a coupler (407), a gear (408), a rack (409), a guide rod seat (410), a support plate (411), a horizontal sliding block (412), a guide rod (413), an extension plate (414) and a sensor b (415), wherein the guide rod seat (410) is arranged on the upper surface of a lower layer platform (103), the guide rod (413) is penetrated between the guide rod seat and the lower layer platform, a plurality of horizontal sliding blocks (412) are sleeved on the guide rod (413), the support plate (411) is arranged on the horizontal sliding block (412), sleeve brackets (402) are fixed on two T-shaped bulges of the support plate (411), the sleeve (405) is penetrated between the sleeve brackets (402), grooves are formed in the grooves for placing the sensor a (403), the ball head test rod (404) is placed in the sleeve (405), the tail end plane is contacted with the sensor a (403), the guide rod seat (409) is arranged on the side of the support plate (408), the motor (408) and is meshed with the gear bracket (408) through the gear bracket (408), the motor bracket c (406) is fixed on the lower surface of the middle platform (102), the extension plate (414) is fixed on the side surface of the front end (303) of the fixing piece, and the sensor b (415) is arranged on the extension plate.
5. The shape memory polymer deformation recovery characteristic test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the heating and refrigerating temperature measuring assembly comprises a heating plate (509), a refrigerating plate (508), a fixed copper plate (507), a movable copper plate (506), a thin column (505), a connecting rod a (504), a connecting rod b (503), a motor e (502) and a motor support d (501), wherein the fixed copper plate (507) is fixed on the upper surface of a lower-layer platform (103) through the thin column (505) connected to the lower end of the fixed copper plate, the lower end of the fixed copper plate is relatively fixed with the lower end of the movable copper plate (506) to form a hinge opening and closing mechanism, the movable copper plate (506) is driven by the motor e (502) through the connecting rod a (504) and the connecting rod b (503), a plurality of heating plates (509) and a plurality of refrigerating plates (508) are distributed on the lower surface of the movable copper plate in a staggered mode, the motor e (502) is arranged on a motor support d (501), and the motor support d (501) is arranged on the upper surface of the lower-layer platform (103). The position detection assembly comprises a grating ruler (602) and a photoelectric encoder (601), wherein the grating ruler (602) is arranged on the upper surface of the upper layer platform (101) and used for measuring displacement of the connecting piece (204), and the photoelectric encoder (601) is arranged on a rotating shaft at the rear end (304) of the fixing piece and used for measuring the rotating angle of the rear end (304) of the fixing piece.
6. A shape memory polymer deformation recovery characteristic test method based on the shape memory polymer deformation recovery characteristic test device as claimed in claim 1, characterized by comprising the following specific test steps:
step one: one end of a shape memory polymer sample is fixed on a sheet clamp, the other end of the shape memory polymer sample is fixed on an adaptive sheet clamp, a conductive fiber flexible strain sensor is arranged on the surface of the sample, and a linear module Y and a motor b or a linear module X and a motor c or a linear module X, a linear module Y and a motor b and a motor c are started, so that the sample generates a single bending deformation effect, a single twisting deformation effect or a bending and twisting composite deformation effect according to the requirement; a photoelectric encoder in the position detection assembly detects the rotation angle of the self-adaptive moving plate clamp;
step two: in the deformation process, the motor e drives the movable copper plate to cling to the sample, and starts a heating plate on the movable copper plate to heat the sample, and meanwhile, the heating plate collects a temperature signal in the heating process; the conductive fiber flexible strain sensor tests strain in deformation; recovering the industrial camera a and the industrial camera b in the displacement testing assembly to acquire dynamic deformation pictures of the samples in real time, and obtaining dynamic change values of deformation by adopting a digital image correlation analysis method; the sensor a and the sensor b in the crease restoring force testing assembly collect bending force and twisting force signals in the deformation process; a grating ruler in the position detection assembly detects the position of the industrial camera a;
step three: after the sample is deformed to a crumple state, the heating plate stops heating, the cooling plate cools the sample to a shape for maintaining, the rotary motor c is driven to an initial state, the electric chuck is driven to loosen the self-adaptive moving plate clamp, the heating plate is heated again, and the sample starts to deform and recover after the self-adaptive moving plate clamp is loosened; the conductive fiber flexible strain sensor tests strain in deformation recovery; the industrial camera a and the industrial camera b in the recovery displacement testing component acquire dynamic deformation recovery pictures of the sample in real time, and a digital image correlation analysis method is adopted to obtain dynamic change values of recovery displacement; the sensor a and the sensor b in the crease recovery force testing assembly collect crease recovery force signals comprising bending force and torsion force in the deformation recovery process;
step four: restoring all motors and the linear modules to the initial positions; and the characteristic indexes of four aspects of thermal characteristics, crease recovery characteristics, bending resistance and torsion resistance are obtained through analysis and calculation of the test data, and are used for evaluating and analyzing the deformation recovery characteristics of the test sample.
CN202311846856.6A 2023-12-29 2023-12-29 Shape memory polymer deformation recovery characteristic testing device and method Pending CN117804927A (en)

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CN202311846856.6A CN117804927A (en) 2023-12-29 2023-12-29 Shape memory polymer deformation recovery characteristic testing device and method

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311846856.6A CN117804927A (en) 2023-12-29 2023-12-29 Shape memory polymer deformation recovery characteristic testing device and method

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CN117804927A true CN117804927A (en) 2024-04-02

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