CN117802435A - Forging method for improving uniformity of titanium material structure - Google Patents
Forging method for improving uniformity of titanium material structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN117802435A CN117802435A CN202410003326.3A CN202410003326A CN117802435A CN 117802435 A CN117802435 A CN 117802435A CN 202410003326 A CN202410003326 A CN 202410003326A CN 117802435 A CN117802435 A CN 117802435A
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- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention discloses a forging method for improving the tissue uniformity of a titanium material, which comprises the following steps: 1. carrying out axial large upsetting deformation on an original titanium ingot at 1150 ℃, then returning to a furnace for heat preservation and carrying out side upsetting diagonal drawing; 2. at the phase transition point T β Performing upsetting and pulling for multiple times on the upper part; 3. at the phase transition point T β Heating the mixture water cooling after treatment; 4. at the phase transition point T β Performing upsetting and pulling for multiple times; 5. at the phase transition point T β And forming forging is performed below. According to the invention, by adopting a upsetting deformation mode of 'large upsetting, furnace returning and side upsetting diagonal drawing', as-cast crystal grains are crushed step by step and thinned, the crystal grain crushing effect is obviously improved, the alternate deformation of difficult and easy deformation areas is realized, the titanium material with consistent structure uniformity is finally obtained efficiently, the processing cost of the material is obviously reduced, and the forging method is applicable to forging conventional two-phase titanium alloys such as TC4 and TC11 and near-alpha titanium alloys such as process pure titanium, TA18 and TA 22.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of titanium alloy material processing, and particularly relates to a forging method for improving the tissue uniformity of a titanium material.
Background
Titanium and titanium alloy have the advantages of high specific strength, heat resistance, corrosion resistance and the like, and are widely applied to the fields of aviation, aerospace, navigation, petrochemical industry and the like. With the equipment development demands in the above fields, the applied titanium alloy materials tend to be large-sized, low-cost, and highly homogenized. The hot working process of the titanium alloy material is usually a deformation mode mainly comprising upsetting and drawing, and in the deformation process, the contact part of the material and the hammer anvil is subjected to strong friction action, so that a difficult deformation area can be generated. The difference of the strain amounts of difficult and easy deformation areas and the existence of great non-uniformity of the original tissue of the cast ingot lead to considerable difficulty in obtaining the titanium alloy material with uniform and consistent tissue states. In order to obtain the consistency of the structures of all parts of the blank under the conventional condition, the recrystallization degrees of different parts are often promoted to be consistent by adopting deformation modes of multi-firing forging and coupling of various deformation modes. Because titanium alloy materials, particularly near alpha titanium alloy with high Aleq and two-phase titanium alloy, inevitably generate some surface defects after each firing forging in the hot working process, the surface defects need to be removed by a grinding machine grinding mode so as to avoid crack expansion in the next firing hot working process. Excessive firing therefore means that the yield of the material is severely reduced and that the thermal processing costs of the material are significantly increased, ultimately leading to a drastic increase in the production costs of the material.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a forging method for improving the structural uniformity of titanium materials aiming at the defects in the prior art. According to the method, as the upsetting deformation mode of 'large upsetting, furnace returning and side upsetting diagonal drawing' is adopted, as-cast crystal grains are crushed gradually and thinned, the crystal grain crushing effect is obviously improved, the alternate deformation of difficult and easy deformation areas is realized, the titanium material with uniform structure uniformity is finally obtained efficiently, the processing cost of the material is obviously reduced, and the problems that the titanium material deformation mode is difficult to obtain uniform structure form and the material cost is too high are solved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the forging method for improving the structural uniformity of the titanium material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, carrying out axial large upsetting deformation on an original titanium ingot at 1150 ℃, then returning to a furnace for heat preservation, and carrying out side upsetting diagonal drawing to obtain a first blank; the original titanium ingot is a titanium ingot or a titanium alloy ingot;
step two, the first blank obtained in the step one is positioned at a phase transition point T β Performing multiple times of upsetting and drawing to obtain a second blank; in the multi-firing upsetting and pulling process, each firing upsetting and pulling adopts a deformation mode of returning to a furnace for heat preservation after large upsetting deformation and carrying out side upsetting and diagonal pulling;
step three, the second blank obtained in the step two is positioned at a phase transition point T β Carrying out heat treatment on the blank, discharging from the furnace, and then carrying out water cooling to obtain a third blank;
step four, the third blank obtained in the step three is positioned at a phase transition point T β Performing multiple times of upsetting and pulling to obtain a fourth blank; in the multi-firing upsetting and pulling process, each firing upsetting and pulling adopts a deformation mode of returning to a furnace for heat preservation after large upsetting deformation and carrying out side upsetting and diagonal pulling;
step five, the fourth blank obtained in the step four is positioned at a phase transition point T β And forming and forging to obtain the bar or cake and ring forging.
Because of the smelting characteristic of consumable smelting, the cast crystal grain form of the prepared titanium ingot or titanium alloy ingot is generally coarse and equiaxed crystal grains at the center, and columnar crystal grains growing along the ingot from outside to inside at a certain angle are arranged at the outside. In the invention, the axial large upsetting deformation process is adopted in one-fire forging, the as-cast crystal grains on the circumferential surface layer are sufficiently deformed to obtain enough energy for recrystallization, then the blank after large upsetting deformation is returned to the furnace for heat preservation and side upsetting diagonal drawing is carried out, and the method comprises the steps ofThe head of the blank is fully deformed to crush the as-cast columnar grains, so that the head dead zone problem and the head as-cast grain problem are solved, and the columnar grains in the original ingot of the titanium material are basically crushed completely after the cogging forging is carried out in the deformation mode of the step one. Then, in the second step of the invention, the equiaxed grains in the first blank are further refined by adopting a deformation mode of 'cooling forging + large upsetting + furnace returning + side upsetting diagonal drawing', and a phase change point T in the second step is usually adopted β The temperature for carrying out upsetting and drawing for multiple times is smaller than the temperature of cogging and forging in the first step, and then a phase transition point T is adopted in the third step β And (3) carrying out heat treatment and water cooling on the material to obtain original beta grains with nearly consistent structure states, refining the primary alpha sheet, and continuously deforming in the step four in a deformation mode of 'large upsetting + furnace returning + side upsetting diagonal drawing', so as to efficiently crush the grains and realize alternate deformation of difficult deformation areas.
The forging method for improving the structural uniformity of the titanium material is characterized in that in the first step, the large upsetting deformation adopts a forging mode with an axial total upsetting ratio of 2.5, the side upsetting diagonal drawing is a deformation mode of radially drawing a flat blank formed after the large upsetting deformation, and then radial upsetting and axial diagonal drawing are carried out, wherein the upsetting ratio of each pass is 1.8. By controlling the total forging ratio, the side upsetting diagonal drawing mode and the upsetting ratio, the method ensures that the core of the original ingot casting of the titanium material obtains enough deformation to promote grain refinement and can not generate cracking.
The forging method for improving the uniformity of the titanium material structure is characterized in that the forging temperature of the multi-firing upsetting is T in the second step β The forging fire is 1-2 fires at the temperature of plus (50-100), the large upsetting deformation adopts a forging mode with the total axial upsetting ratio of 2.5, the side upsetting diagonal drawing is a deformation mode of radially drawing a flat blank formed after the large upsetting deformation, and then the radial upsetting and the axial diagonal drawing are carried out, wherein the upsetting ratio of each pass is 1.8. By controlling the forging temperature, the forging firing, the total forging ratio, the side upsetting diagonal drawing mode and the upsetting ratio of the multi-firing upsetting drawing, the method ensures that the core of the first blank obtains enough deformation to promote grain refinement and can not generate cracking。
The forging method for improving the uniformity of the titanium material structure is characterized in that the heat treatment temperature in the third step is T β The temperature is kept between (0.5D+50) min and (0.5D+120) min at the temperature of plus (20-50), wherein D is the shortest side length of the second blank, and the unit is mm. The temperature above the phase transition point is selected for heat preservation, so that the growth of beta grains is restrained by means of nucleation and long pinning of primary alpha relative to beta grains, the rapid growth of beta grains at high temperature caused by overhigh temperature is avoided, the heat preservation time is limited, the core of the second blank is ensured to be at the temperature, and further growth of beta grains caused by overlong time is avoided.
The forging method for improving the uniformity of the titanium material structure is characterized in that the forging temperature of the multi-firing upsetting is T β The forging mode with the total axial upsetting ratio of 2.5 is adopted for the large upsetting deformation, the side upsetting diagonal drawing is a deformation mode that a flat blank formed after the large upsetting deformation is radially drawn, and then radial upsetting and axial diagonal drawing are carried out, wherein the upsetting ratio of each pass is 1.7. By controlling the forging temperature, the total forging ratio, the side upsetting diagonal drawing mode and the upsetting ratio of the multi-firing upsetting drawing, the core of the third blank is ensured to obtain enough deformation to promote grain refinement, and cracking is avoided.
The forging method for improving the uniformity of the titanium material structure is characterized in that the temperature of the forming forging in the fifth step is T β -(20～50)℃。
Phase transition point T in the present invention β The units of (C) are all in ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, by adopting the upsetting deformation mode of 'large upsetting, furnace returning and side upsetting diagonal drawing', as-cast crystal grains are crushed step by step and thinned, the crystal grain crushing effect is obviously improved, the alternate deformation of difficult and easy deformation areas is realized, the titanium material with consistent structure uniformity is finally obtained efficiently, and the processing cost of the material is obviously reduced.
2. The deformation process disclosed by the invention is wide in application range, and can be suitable for forging conventional two-phase titanium alloys such as TC4 and TC11 and near alpha-type titanium alloys such as process pure titanium, TA18 and TA 22.
3. The deformation method is simple, effectively reduces forging heat, realizes coordinated deformation of different parts of the blank in a less deformation mode, and is particularly suitable for large-specification titanium materials and beneficial to industrial production.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail through the drawings and the embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the results of ultrasonic flaw detection of TC4 titanium alloy bars prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of ultrasonic flaw detection results of a TC4 titanium alloy bar prepared in comparative example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3a is a high-power texture chart of the edge of the TA22 titanium alloy cake prepared in example 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 3b is a high-power microstructure of the core of the TA22 titanium alloy cake prepared in example 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 4a is a high-power structure diagram of the end face edge of the TC4 titanium alloy bar prepared in example 3 of the present invention.
FIG. 4b is a high-power structure diagram of the end face center of the TC4 titanium alloy bar prepared in example 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The embodiment comprises the following steps:
firstly, carrying out axial large upsetting deformation on a TC4 cast ingot at 1150 ℃, then returning to a furnace for heat preservation, and carrying out side upsetting diagonal drawing to obtain a first blank; the large upsetting deformation adopts a forging mode with the total axial upsetting ratio of 2.5, the side upsetting diagonal drawing is a deformation mode that a flat blank formed after the large upsetting deformation is radially drawn, and then radial upsetting and axial diagonal drawing are carried out, wherein the upsetting ratio of each pass is 1.8;
step two, the first blank obtained in the step one is positioned at a phase transition point T β 2 times of upsetting and drawing are carried out at the temperature of +50 ℃ to obtain a second blank; in the 2-fire upsetting and pulling process, each fire upsetting and pulling adopts a deformation mode of returning to the furnace for heat preservation and performing side upsetting and diagonal pulling after large upsetting deformation, and the large upsetting and diagonal pulling are performedUpsetting deformation adopts a forging mode with an axial total upsetting ratio of 2.5, wherein the side upsetting diagonal drawing is a deformation mode of radially drawing a flat blank formed after large upsetting deformation, and then radially upsetting and axially diagonal drawing are carried out, wherein the upsetting ratio of each pass is 1.8;
step three, the second blank obtained in the step two is positioned at a phase transition point T β Heat treatment is carried out at the temperature of +50 ℃ for 0.5D+50min, D is the shortest side length of the second blank, the unit is mm, and water cooling is carried out after discharging to obtain a third blank;
step four, the third blank obtained in the step three is positioned at a phase transition point T β Performing 9-fire upsetting at the temperature of 40 ℃ below zero to obtain a fourth blank; in the 9-fire upsetting and pulling process, each fire upsetting and pulling adopts a deformation mode of returning to a furnace for heat preservation and carrying out side upsetting and diagonal pulling after large upsetting deformation, the large upsetting deformation adopts a forging mode with an axial total upsetting ratio of 2.5, and the side upsetting and diagonal pulling is a deformation mode of radially pulling a flat blank formed after the large upsetting deformation, and then carrying out radial upsetting and axial diagonal pulling, wherein the upsetting ratio of each pass is 1.7;
step five, the fourth blank obtained in the step four is subjected to T β Forging at-40 ℃ to prepare the TC4 bar with the diameter phi of 500 mm.
The method of the embodiment can also prepare TC4 ring forgings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an ultrasonic flaw detection result of a TC4 titanium alloy bar prepared in this embodiment, and as can be seen from fig. 1, ultrasonic flaw detection levels of different parts of the TC4 titanium alloy bar are uniform, bar clutter is uniform, and a difference is only 2dB.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example comprises the following steps:
step one, conventionally upsetting and drawing a TC4 cast ingot at 1150 ℃: firstly upsetting and pulling, returning to the furnace, and then upsetting and pulling, wherein the upsetting ratio is 1.8 each time, so as to obtain a first blank;
step two, the first blank obtained in the step one is sequentially arranged at a phase transition point T β +150℃、T β +70℃、T β 3 times of upsetting and drawing are carried out at the temperature of over 70 ℃ to obtain a second blank;
step three, the step twoThe second blank obtained in (2) at the phase transition point T β Performing conventional upsetting at-40deg.C for 11 times: firstly upsetting and pulling, returning to the furnace, and then upsetting and pulling, wherein the upsetting ratio is 1.7 each time, so as to obtain a third blank;
step four, the third blank obtained in the step three is subjected to T β Forging at-40 ℃ to prepare the TC4 bar with the diameter phi of 500 mm.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an ultrasonic flaw detection result of the TC4 titanium alloy bar prepared in this comparative example, and as can be seen from fig. 2, the ultrasonic flaw detection difference of different parts of the TC4 titanium alloy bar is large, and the difference between the high clutter and the low clutter is 10dB.
Comparing fig. 1 and fig. 2, it can be seen that the forging method of the present invention improves the structural uniformity of the TC4 titanium alloy bar.
Example 2
The embodiment comprises the following steps:
firstly, carrying out axial large upsetting deformation on a TA22 cast ingot at 1150 ℃, then returning to a furnace for heat preservation, and carrying out side upsetting diagonal drawing to obtain a first blank; the large upsetting deformation adopts a forging mode with the total axial upsetting ratio of 2.5, the side upsetting diagonal drawing is a deformation mode that a flat blank formed after the large upsetting deformation is radially drawn, and then radial upsetting and axial diagonal drawing are carried out, wherein the upsetting ratio of each pass is 1.8;
step two, the first blank obtained in the step one is positioned at a phase transition point T β 2 times of upsetting and drawing are carried out at the temperature of +100 ℃ to obtain a second blank; in the 2-fire upsetting and pulling process, each fire upsetting and pulling adopts a deformation mode of returning to a furnace for heat preservation and carrying out side upsetting and diagonal pulling after large upsetting deformation, the large upsetting deformation adopts a forging mode with an axial total upsetting ratio of 2.5, and the side upsetting and diagonal pulling is a deformation mode of radially pulling a flat blank formed after the large upsetting deformation, and then carrying out radial upsetting and axial diagonal pulling, wherein the upsetting ratio of each pass is 1.8;
step three, the second blank obtained in the step two is positioned at a phase transition point T β Heat treatment is carried out at the temperature of +30 ℃ for 0.5D+80min, D is the shortest side length of the second blank, the unit is mm, and water cooling is carried out after discharging to obtain a third blank;
step four, the third blank obtained in the step three is positioned at a phase transition point T β Performing upsetting and drawing for 3 times at 20 ℃ below zero to obtain a fourth blank; in the multi-firing upsetting and pulling process, each firing upsetting and pulling adopts a deformation mode of returning to a furnace for heat preservation and carrying out side upsetting and diagonal pulling after large upsetting deformation, the large upsetting deformation adopts a forging mode with an axial total upsetting ratio of 2.5, and the side upsetting and diagonal pulling is a deformation mode of radially pulling a flat blank formed after the large upsetting deformation, and then carrying out radial upsetting and axial diagonal pulling, wherein the upsetting ratio of each pass is 1.7;
step five, the fourth blank obtained in the step four is subjected to T β Forging at-20 ℃ to prepare the TA22 cake material with the diameter phi of 700 mm.
Fig. 3a is a high-power structure diagram of the edge of the TA22 titanium alloy cake prepared in this example, and it can be seen from fig. 3a that the microstructure is composed of a uniform and fine primary alpha phase + beta transition matrix.
FIG. 3b is a high-power structure diagram of the core of the TA22 titanium alloy cake prepared in example 2 of the present invention, and it can be seen from FIG. 3b that the microstructure is also composed of a uniform, fine primary alpha phase + beta transition matrix.
Referring to fig. 3a and 3b, it can be seen that the structures of different portions of the TA22 titanium alloy cake prepared in this embodiment are substantially consistent, which indicates that the forging method of the present invention improves the uniformity of the structure of the TA22 titanium alloy cake.
Example 3
The embodiment comprises the following steps:
firstly, carrying out axial large upsetting deformation on a TC4 cast ingot at 1150 ℃, then returning to a furnace for heat preservation, and carrying out side upsetting diagonal drawing to obtain a first blank; the large upsetting deformation adopts a forging mode with the total axial upsetting ratio of 2.5, the side upsetting diagonal drawing is a deformation mode that a flat blank formed after the large upsetting deformation is radially drawn, and then radial upsetting and axial diagonal drawing are carried out, wherein the upsetting ratio of each pass is 1.8;
step two, the first blanks obtained in the step one are respectively at the phase transition points T β +100℃、T β 2 times of upsetting and drawing are carried out at the temperature of +50 ℃ to obtain a second blank; the 2 times of upsetting and pulling are carried outIn the process, each hot upsetting and pulling adopts a deformation mode of returning to a furnace for heat preservation and carrying out side upsetting and diagonal pulling after large upsetting deformation, wherein the large upsetting deformation adopts a forging mode with the axial total upsetting ratio of 2.5, and the side upsetting and diagonal pulling is a deformation mode of radially pulling a flat blank formed after the large upsetting deformation, and then carrying out radial upsetting and axial diagonal pulling, wherein the upsetting ratio of each pass is 1.8;
step three, the second blank obtained in the step two is positioned at a phase transition point T β Heat treatment is carried out at the temperature of +250 ℃ for 0.5D+120min, D is the shortest side length of the second blank, the unit is mm, and water cooling is carried out after discharging to obtain a third blank;
step four, the third blank obtained in the step three is positioned at a phase transition point T β -40℃、T β -40℃、T β Performing upsetting and drawing for 3 times at 50 ℃ below zero to obtain a fourth blank; in the 3-fire upsetting and pulling process, each fire upsetting and pulling adopts a deformation mode of returning to a furnace for heat preservation and carrying out side upsetting and diagonal pulling after large upsetting deformation, the large upsetting deformation adopts a forging mode with an axial total upsetting ratio of 2.5, and the side upsetting and diagonal pulling is a deformation mode of radially pulling a flat blank formed after the large upsetting deformation, and then carrying out radial upsetting and axial diagonal pulling, wherein the upsetting ratio of each pass is 1.7;
step five, the fourth blank obtained in the step four is subjected to T β Forging at-50 ℃ to prepare the TC4 bar with the diameter phi of 230 mm.
Fig. 4a is a high-power structure diagram of the end face and edge of the TC4 titanium alloy bar prepared in this example, and as can be seen from fig. 4a, the structure form is an equiaxed structure, and the primary alpha phase is uniform and fine in size.
Fig. 4b is a high-power structure diagram of the end face center of the TC4 titanium alloy rod prepared in this example, and as can be seen from fig. 4b, the structure is an equiaxed structure, and the primary alpha phase is uniform and fine in size.
As can be seen from fig. 4a and fig. 4b, the structures of the edges and the center of the TC4 titanium alloy bar prepared in this example are substantially identical, which indicates that the forging method of the present invention improves the uniformity of the structure of the TA22 titanium alloy cake.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any simple modification, variation and equivalent variation of the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The forging method for improving the structural uniformity of the titanium material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, carrying out axial large upsetting deformation on an original titanium ingot at 1150 ℃, then returning to a furnace for heat preservation, and carrying out side upsetting diagonal drawing to obtain a first blank; the original titanium ingot is a titanium ingot or a titanium alloy ingot;
step two, the first blank obtained in the step one is positioned at a phase transition point T β Performing multiple times of upsetting and drawing to obtain a second blank; in the multi-firing upsetting and pulling process, each firing upsetting and pulling adopts a deformation mode of returning to a furnace for heat preservation after large upsetting deformation and carrying out side upsetting and diagonal pulling;
step three, the second blank obtained in the step two is positioned at a phase transition point T β Carrying out heat treatment on the blank, discharging from the furnace, and then carrying out water cooling to obtain a third blank;
step four, the third blank obtained in the step three is positioned at a phase transition point T β Performing multiple times of upsetting and pulling to obtain a fourth blank; in the multi-firing upsetting and pulling process, each firing upsetting and pulling adopts a deformation mode of returning to a furnace for heat preservation after large upsetting deformation and carrying out side upsetting and diagonal pulling;
step five, the fourth blank obtained in the step four is positioned at a phase transition point T β And forming and forging to obtain the bar or cake and ring forging.
2. The forging method for improving the structural uniformity of the titanium material according to claim 1, wherein in the step one, the large upsetting deformation adopts a forging mode with an axial total upsetting ratio of 2.5, the side upsetting diagonal drawing is a mode of radially drawing a flat blank formed after the large upsetting deformation, and then radial upsetting and axial diagonal drawing are carried out, wherein each pass upsetting ratio is 1.8.
3. The forging method for improving the uniformity of the titanium structure according to claim 1, wherein the forging temperature of the multi-firing upsetting in the second step is T β The forging fire is 1-2 fires at the temperature of plus (50-100), the large upsetting deformation adopts a forging mode with the total axial upsetting ratio of 2.5, the side upsetting diagonal drawing is a deformation mode of radially drawing a flat blank formed after the large upsetting deformation, and then the radial upsetting and the axial diagonal drawing are carried out, wherein the upsetting ratio of each pass is 1.8.
4. The forging method for improving the uniformity of a titanium structure according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, the heat treatment temperature is T β The temperature is kept between (0.5D+50) min and (0.5D+120) min at the temperature of plus (20-50), wherein D is the shortest side length of the second blank, and the unit is mm.
5. The forging method for improving the uniformity of the titanium structure according to claim 1, wherein the forging temperature of the multi-firing upsetting in the fourth step is T β The forging mode with the total axial upsetting ratio of 2.5 is adopted for the large upsetting deformation, the side upsetting diagonal drawing is a deformation mode that a flat blank formed after the large upsetting deformation is radially drawn, and then radial upsetting and axial diagonal drawing are carried out, wherein the upsetting ratio of each pass is 1.7.
6. The forging method for improving the uniformity of the titanium structure according to claim 1, wherein the forming forging temperature in the fifth step is T β -(20～50)℃。
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