CN117791687B - Energy management method of photovoltaic energy storage system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides an energy management method of a photovoltaic energy storage system, and belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic grid-connected power generation; the method comprises the following steps: s1: the method comprises the steps of configuring distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment and energy storage equipment, wherein the distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment is electrically connected with the energy storage equipment, and the energy storage equipment is electrically connected with a power consumer or a power grid; s2: respectively acquiring geographic position information, historical weather information and historical energy consumption information of the places where the distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment and the energy storage equipment are located; s3: according to geographical position information and historical weather information of the places where the distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment and the energy storage equipment are located, a model of photovoltaic power generation capacity is built, and accumulated power generation capacity in a first set statistical period after the current day is estimated; s4: estimating the energy consumption requirement of the electricity utilization party in a first set statistical period according to the historical energy utilization information; s5: and evaluating the balance relation between the accumulated power generation amount in the first set statistical period and the energy consumption requirement of the power consumer, and compensating the energy consumption requirement gap of the power consumer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic grid-connected power generation, in particular to an energy management method of a photovoltaic energy storage system.
Background
As the energy demand continues to increase, environmental awareness continues to increase, and applications of distributed photovoltaic power generation are becoming more popular. By introducing distributed photovoltaic power generation, the reduction of the total power consumption of buildings or communities within a certain range and peak clipping and valley filling are realized, and the fluctuation of power grid load is reduced, so that the method is more and more common. The reasonable application of the energy storage system and the power dispatching are very important for energy conservation and carbon reduction and establishment of an environment-friendly society.
The photovoltaic power generation receives illumination intensity, environmental factors such as ambient temperature and weather influence very big, lead to photovoltaic power generation output unstable very, and for building user or community user, the fluctuation of user quantity is little, lead to the power consumption demand to have certain rule, because the input side of photovoltaic distribution network is undulant, lead to demand side can not perfect match, the electric power demand breach needs to be supplemented by the electric wire netting, the requirement to electric power demand response is higher under this kind of circumstances, the violent change in electric power demand breach can cause the impact to the electric wire netting, all have adverse effect to the equipment on electric wire netting side and the power consumption experience of user side. Therefore, it is necessary to fully consider the change of environmental factors to predict and analyze the power consumption requirements of the distributed photovoltaic power generation and the requirement side, schedule in advance when the power utilization gap exists, and reduce the impact or fluctuation influence of the power grid side or the user side due to the change of the power generation amount.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides an energy management method of a photovoltaic energy storage system, which fully considers the generated energy generated by weather factors, estimates the electricity demand of a period of time in the future according to the historical electricity consumption and weather forecast, and stabilizes the electricity generation and electricity utilization gap.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the invention provides an energy management method of a photovoltaic energy storage system, which comprises the following steps:
S1: the method comprises the steps of configuring distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment and energy storage equipment, wherein the distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment is electrically connected with the energy storage equipment, and the energy storage equipment is electrically connected with a power consumer or a power grid;
s2: respectively acquiring geographic position information, historical weather information and historical energy consumption information of the places where the distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment and the energy storage equipment are located;
S3: according to geographical position information and historical weather information of the places where the distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment and the energy storage equipment are located, a model of photovoltaic power generation capacity is built, and accumulated power generation capacity in a first set statistical period after the current day is estimated;
s4: estimating the energy consumption requirement of the electricity utilization party in a first set statistical period according to the historical energy utilization information;
S5: and evaluating the balance relation between the accumulated power generation amount in the first set statistical period and the energy consumption requirement of the power consumer, and compensating the energy consumption requirement gap of the power consumer from the energy storage equipment or the power grid in a targeted manner.
On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, in step S2, geographical location information, historical weather information and historical energy consumption information of the locations of the distributed photovoltaic power generation devices and the energy storage devices are obtained respectively, where the geographical location information refers to obtaining longitude and latitude of the locations of the distributed photovoltaic power generation devices and the energy storage devices, sunrise time, sunset time and solar altitude range of each day of at least one year, and obtaining first time of light intensity corresponding to the solar altitude in different angle areas according to duration of maintenance of the solar altitude in different angle areas;
The historical weather information refers to weather conditions and temperature extremum of the places where the distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment and the energy storage equipment are located for at least one year, and weather in a first set statistical period is divided into sunny days, cloudy days and rainy and snowy days according to the degree and duration of the places where the distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment and the energy storage equipment are located and the neighborhood range of the places where the distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment and the energy storage equipment are located and the daily cloud amount shielding the places, and the second time corresponding to different days is counted respectively;
The historical energy consumption information is accumulated energy consumption information counted for at least one year from the ammeter side of the electricity consumer.
Preferably, the building of the model of photovoltaic power generation in step S3, estimating the accumulated power generation in the first set statistical period after the current day, is to build the following model: Wherein/> For distributed light S5: evaluating the daily output power of a photovoltaic panel of the first set statistical period photovoltaic power generation device; /(I)Is the number of photovoltaic panels; maximum output power/>, of a single photovoltaic panel，/>Is the maximum power point voltage,/>Is the maximum power point current; /(I)Is an ambient temperature variable; /(I)Is a light intensity variable; /(I)Is a weather variable; multiplying the daily effective illumination time/>, by accumulating the daily output power of the photovoltaic panels of the daily distributed photovoltaic power plant over a first set statistical periodAnd estimating the accumulated power generation amount in the first set statistical period.
Preferably, the ambient temperature variableExtracting the maximum air temperature/>, from the corresponding days of the historical weather informationAnd minimum air temperature/>Let/>For the current real-time temperature, the following formula is adopted to obtain/>Is a value of (1): If the current real-time temperature/> Air temperature minima/below corresponding dayThen use the current real-time temperature/>Content of (2) substitution air temperature minima/>And updating, namely taking the environment temperature variable/>Is a preset non-negative real number A; if the real-time temperature is at the maximum air temperature/>And minimum air temperature/>And then the real number in the (A, 1) interval is converted into real number as the environment temperature variable/>, at the current moment, through a formulaIs a value of (2); if the current real-time temperature/>Not less than the maximum value of air temperature/>Substituting the current real-time temperature value for the maximum air temperature/>And updating, namely taking the environment temperature variable/>1 Is shown in the specification; solving the environment temperature variable/>, corresponding to different momentsAveraged as ambient temperature variable for the corresponding day/>。
Preferably, the intensity of the light variesDifferent light intensity parameters are provided in different solar altitude intervals: Wherein/> 、/>And/>Respectively, the light intensity parameter of the first solar altitude section, the light intensity parameter of the second solar altitude section and the light intensity parameter of the third solar altitude section,/>，/>Is a first solar altitude interval, a second solar altitude interval or a third solar altitude interval,/>For the oblique angle of the equator,/>，/>Latitude of places where the distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment and the energy storage equipment are located; /(I)、/>And/>Respectively corresponds to effective illumination time/>, in different height angle intervals, of each dayThe corresponding sustained first time within, effective daily illumination time/>Is determined according to the interval from 20 minutes before sunrise time to 20 minutes after sunset of the corresponding date.
Preferably, the weather variableThe radius R is drawn into a circular area by taking the positions of the distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment and the energy storage equipment as circle centers, so that/>For the projection area of cloud cover in the circular area, according to the satellite cloud image of weather forecast, the duration corresponding to different weather in each day in the first set statistical period is counted, and then the method comprises the following steps: Wherein ，/>Corresponds to weather parameters of sunny days, at this time/>The projected area in the circular area is not more than 15% of the area of the circular area; /(I)Corresponding to cloudy weather parameters, at this time/>The projected area in the circular area is not more than 75% of the area of the circular area; /(I)The weather parameters of cloudy days are corresponding to the weather parametersThe projected area within the circular area exceeds 75% of the area of the circular area; /(I)Corresponding to weather parameters in rainy and snowy days, at this time/>The projected area in the circular area exceeds 95% of the area of the circular area; /(I)、/>、/>And/>Respectively corresponds to effective illumination time per day/>A corresponding sustained second time in a sunny, cloudy or snowy day.
Preferably, the accumulated value of different altitude intervals in the first time of the daily effective illumination time is equal to the accumulated value of the second time of the daily effective illumination time in sunny days, cloudy days or rainy and snowy days:。
Preferably, in step S4, the energy consumption requirement of the electricity consumer in the first set statistical period is estimated according to the historical energy consumption information, and the historical energy consumption information of the electricity consumer corresponding to the weather forecast of each day in the first set statistical period is searched in the historical energy consumption information, and the energy consumption requirement of the electricity consumer in the first set statistical period is estimated in an accumulated manner: and taking each day in the first set statistical period as a prediction day, taking each day in the historical energy information as a historical day, searching historical energy information of the power consumer on the historical day corresponding to weather forecast on each prediction day, estimating the energy information on each prediction day according to the historical energy information, and accumulating to obtain the energy consumption requirement of the power consumer in the first set statistical period.
Preferably, the following condition needs to be satisfied in searching for the historical energy information of the power consumer on the historical day corresponding to the weather forecast on each prediction day: 1) The prediction day is the same as the season of the history day; 2) The deviation of the duration time respectively corresponding to the forecast day and the history day on sunny days, cloudy days, overcast days or rainy and snowy days is not more than 5%; 3) The environmental temperature comparison between the environmental temperature at least three different times in the daytime and the corresponding time of the historical day is arbitrarily selected, the error of the environmental temperature comparison result at different times above 80% is determined to be not more than 25%, and the formula for temperature comparison is as follows: Wherein/> To predict the ambient temperature at a certain time of day,/>For the ambient temperature at the time corresponding to the history day,/>And/>The selected time is a time interval from 1 hour after sunrise to 1 hour before sunset; 4) The forecast day is the working day time, and the corresponding historical day is also the working day; when the predicted day is a holiday, the corresponding history day is also a holiday.
Preferably, step S5 specifically includes: 1) Drawing a corresponding curve from the estimated power generation amount of each prediction day of the accumulated power generation amount in the first set statistical period and the power utilization information of each prediction day; 2) Dividing time nodes according to equal interval time length, comparing the estimated generating capacity curve with the energy consumption information curve time by time nodes, and obtaining height differences corresponding to the time nodes of the estimated generating capacity curve and the energy consumption information curve; 3) If the values of the energy consumption information curves of a plurality of time nodes behind the current time node are higher than the values of the estimated generating capacity curves, the energy consumption gap is indicated to exist, and then the energy of the power grid is introduced in advance at 50% of the period between the current time node and the next time node to compensate the gap of the estimated generating capacity curve, and the time for compensating the gap of the estimated generating capacity curve is not less than the duration of the energy consumption information curve exceeding the values of the estimated generating capacity curve; 4) For the part exceeding the estimated generating capacity curve, the generating capacity of the power grid compensation is not less than the average value of three continuous time nodes behind the current time node, and the instantaneous value of the compensated estimated generating capacity curve is not less than the instantaneous value of the energy consumption information curve all the time; 5) If the estimated power generation amount curve corresponding to the power generation amount in the daytime and the daytime of any predicted power generation amount exceeds the value of the power utilization information curve all the time, the accumulated exceeding part of the power generation amount in the daytime is sent into the energy storage equipment for storage, and the power generation amount required to be compensated from the power grid is deducted in proportion when the gap between the estimated power generation amount curve and the power utilization information curve is compensated.
Compared with the prior art, the energy management method of the photovoltaic energy storage system has the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the method, the influence of air temperature factors, solar altitude angles and cloud quantity in weather forecast in one future end period on illumination intensity is fully considered, the influence of longitude and latitude on sunrise and sunset time is combined, the accumulated power generation amount of a first set statistical period is estimated, the historical power consumption information and the weather forecast accord degree are referred, the power consumption requirement of a power consumer of the first set statistical period is estimated, and therefore whether a gap exists in the daily power generation amount of the first set statistical period is obtained;
(2) Respectively drawing an estimated generating capacity curve and an energy consumption information curve of each prediction day, and comparing the height difference between the estimated generating capacity curve and the energy consumption information curve on the same time axis to determine whether an energy gap exists; corresponding energy sources are supplemented from the power grid in advance aiming at the part with gaps between the daily power generation amount and the energy consumption demand of the estimated power utilization party, so that the instantaneous value of the estimated power generation amount curve after compensation is ensured not to be smaller than the instantaneous value of the power utilization information curve all the time, the time for disconnecting the power grid is delayed, and the frequency of the power grid subjected to impact is reduced by the means for compensating the gaps.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of energy management of a photovoltaic energy storage system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of compensation of an estimated power generation curve of an energy management method of a photovoltaic energy storage system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will clearly and fully describe the technical aspects of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
Examples: as shown in fig. 1, the invention provides an energy management method of a photovoltaic energy storage system, comprising the following steps:
S1: the method comprises the steps of configuring distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment and energy storage equipment, wherein the distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment is electrically connected with the energy storage equipment, and the energy storage equipment is electrically connected with a power consumer or a power grid;
The photovoltaic panels of the distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment are arranged in an open area or a building roof/outer wall, and energy generated by photovoltaic power generation cannot be directly stored, so that corresponding energy storage equipment is needed, namely, photovoltaic power generation can be connected into a power grid on one hand and even used, and on the other hand, the rich part is charged and stored through DC/DC, so that compensation is conducted to a power consumer through DC/AC conversion at night or in bad weather. When the power of the energy storage equipment is exhausted and the distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment cannot generate power effectively, the commercial power can charge and store the energy to the energy storage equipment through the AC/DC in the valley power stage so as to stabilize the higher electricity price at the peak power moment.
S2: and respectively acquiring geographic position information, historical weather information and historical energy consumption information of the places where the distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment and the energy storage equipment are located.
In the step, the geographical position information refers to acquiring longitude and latitude of the places where the distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment and the energy storage equipment are located, sunrise time, sunset time and solar altitude range of each day of at least one year, and acquiring first time of light intensity corresponding to different angle areas of the solar altitude according to duration of maintenance of the solar altitude in different angle areas. The longitude determines the sunrise and sunset time of each day of the equipment location, and the time of each day of the equipment location is corrected by combining the historical sunrise time and sunset time, so that the maximum photovoltaic power generation time of each day can be accurately obtained; the latitude determines the solar altitude, and has a certain influence on the illumination intensity.
The historical weather information refers to weather conditions and temperature extremum of the places where the distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment and the energy storage equipment are located for at least one year, and the weather in the first set statistical period is divided into sunny days, cloudy days and rainy and snowy days according to the degree and the duration of the places where the distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment and the energy storage equipment are located and the neighborhood range of the places where the distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment and the energy storage equipment are located and the daily cloud cover, and second time corresponding to different days is counted respectively. The weather condition directly influences the interference condition of the illumination intensity, and the maximum power generation amount on the same day is determined by combining the range of the sunrise time, the sunset time and the solar altitude angle.
The historical energy consumption information is accumulated energy consumption information counted for at least one year from the ammeter side of the electricity consumer.
S3: and constructing a model of photovoltaic power generation capacity according to geographical position information and historical weather information of the places where the distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment and the energy storage equipment are located, and estimating accumulated power generation capacity in a first set statistical period after the current day.
The photovoltaic power generation capacity model is built, and the photovoltaic power generation capacity model is built as follows: Wherein/> Solar output power of a photovoltaic panel of the distributed photovoltaic power generation device; is the number of photovoltaic panels; maximum output power/>, of a single photovoltaic panel ，/>As the voltage at the point of maximum power,Is the maximum power point current; /(I)Is an ambient temperature variable; /(I)Is a light intensity variable; /(I)Is a weather variable. Maximum output power/>, of a single photovoltaic panelIs a theoretical value, and the illumination intensity at different moments can not be kept unchanged in the same day, and the weather is also the same, so that the maximum output power is required to be corrected, and the maximum output power/>, combined with the environmental temperature variable, the light intensity variable and the weather variable, is obtainedCorrecting the solar output power/>, of the photovoltaic panel of the distributed photovoltaic power generation equipmentMore closely to the true value. Multiplying the daily effective illumination time/>, respectively, by accumulating the daily output power of the photovoltaic panels of the daily distributed photovoltaic power plant over a first set statistical periodAnd obtaining the accumulated power generation amount in the first set statistical period through accumulation.
Ambient temperature variableExtracting the maximum air temperature/>, from the corresponding days of the historical weather informationAnd minimum air temperature/>Let/>For the current real-time temperature, the following formula is adopted to obtain/>Is a value of (1): If the current real-time temperature/> Air temperature minima/below corresponding dayThen use the current real-time temperature/>Content of (2) substitution air temperature minima/>And updating, namely taking the environment temperature variable/>Is a preset non-negative real number A; if the real-time temperature is at the maximum air temperature/>And minimum air temperature/>And then the real number in the (A, 1) interval is converted into real number as the environment temperature variable/>, at the current moment, through a formulaIs a value of (2); if the current real-time temperature/>Not less than the maximum value of air temperature/>Substituting the current real-time temperature value for the maximum air temperature/>And updating, namely taking the environment temperature variable/>1 Is shown in the specification; solving the environment temperature variable/>, corresponding to different momentsAveraged as ambient temperature variable for the corresponding day/>。
See acquisition ofIf the current temperature is lower than the minimum value of the historical air temperature, giving the environment temperature variable/>, at the current momentAssigning a value of A, wherein A is a non-zero real number smaller than 1; if the current temperature is higher than the minimum value of the historical air temperature, the current temperature is given to the environment temperature variable/>Assigning a value of 1; if the ambient temperature at the current moment is in the range of the historic air temperature maximum value and the historic air temperature minimum value, acquiring/>The second line of the formula of (2) is normalized, i.e. the current real-time temperature/>, is calculatedConverted into maximum air temperature/>And minimum air temperature/>Decimal, corresponding to the ambient temperature variable/>The value of (a) is the (a, 1) interval. In this embodiment, the default historical air temperature minimum/>The default historical air temperature maximum is 65 ℃ at-25 ℃.
Variable of light intensityDifferent light intensity parameters are provided in different solar altitude intervals: Wherein/> 、/>And/>Respectively, the light intensity parameter of the first solar altitude section, the light intensity parameter of the second solar altitude section and the light intensity parameter of the third solar altitude section,/>，/>Is a first solar altitude interval, a second solar altitude interval or a third solar altitude interval,/>For the oblique angle of the equator,/>，/>Latitude of places where the distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment and the energy storage equipment are located; /(I)、/>And/>Respectively corresponds to effective illumination time/>, in different height angle intervals, of each dayThe corresponding sustained first time within, effective daily illumination time/>Is determined according to the interval from 20 minutes before sunrise time to 20 minutes after sunset of the corresponding date. The summer is the longest day time and the shortest night time of the northern hemisphere before and after the day, the shortest half day time and the longest night time of the northern hemisphere before and after the winter. Solar altitude/>The value range of (2) is the angle of inclination of the equator of the sky/>23.5 DEG, 23.5 DEG is the yellow-red intersection angle, and for equatorial regions, the latitude is 0, the equatorial tilt/>Maximum, up to 90 °, then the solar altitude at the equator/>The range of values of (2) is between 66.5 DEG and 113.5 deg. China is located north of the equator, so the solar altitude angle/>Should be less than the above-mentioned angular range. The formula divides the solar altitude into three different sections, and because the section range is larger, the calculation can be simplified by the median of the solar altitude at different moments in the same solar altitude section for the convenience of calculation. Daily effective illumination time/>Is made by/>、/>And/>Respectively accumulated to form the product. /(I)The time period with smaller light intensity after sunrise or before sunset is corresponding; /(I)The time period with the maximum solar altitude before and after noon corresponds to; /(I)Corresponds to/>And/>For a time period in between.
Weather variableThe radius R is drawn into a circular area by taking the positions of the distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment and the energy storage equipment as circle centers, so that/>For the projection area of cloud cover in the circular area, according to the satellite cloud image of weather forecast, the duration corresponding to different weather in each day in the first set statistical period is counted, and then the method comprises the following steps: Wherein ，/>Corresponds to weather parameters of sunny days, at this time/>The projected area in the circular area is not more than 15% of the area of the circular area; /(I)Corresponding to cloudy weather parameters, at this time/>The projected area in the circular area is not more than 75% of the area of the circular area; /(I)The weather parameters of cloudy days are corresponding to the weather parametersThe projected area within the circular area exceeds 75% of the area of the circular area; /(I)Corresponding to weather parameters in rainy and snowy days, at this time/>The projected area in the circular area exceeds 95% of the area of the circular area; /(I)、/>、/>And/>Respectively corresponds to effective illumination time per day/>A corresponding sustained second time in a sunny, cloudy or snowy day. The formula takes into account possible weather trends during the day, such as severe weather changes in sunny and cloudy days, cloudy and rainy days, etc., because weather may change many times even during the day. The weather change judging method is to judge the change of cloud amount in the neighborhood range of the distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment and the energy storage equipment, the high-altitude wind speed is large, and the cloud layer can cover part or all of the round area, so that the light intensity of photovoltaic power generation is adversely affected. The weather parameters are obtained by adopting a maximum value function MAX, obtaining a larger value between a fixed decimal and a decimal corresponding to the area of the remaining part of a circular area which is not covered by cloud layers, and then multiplying the larger value by the effective illumination time/>, in each day, of the second time of the corresponding weatherThe proportion in the two layers is weighted and added to obtain the effective illumination time/>Weather variable in/>。
The accumulated value of different altitude angle intervals in the first time of the effective illumination time of each day is equal to the accumulated value of the second time of the effective illumination time of each day in sunny days, cloudy days or rainy and snowy days, namely the following relation exists:。
S4: and estimating the energy consumption requirement of the power utilization party in the first set statistical period according to the historical energy utilization information.
Specifically, in the historical energy consumption information, historical energy consumption information of the power consumer corresponding to weather forecast of each day in the first set statistical period is searched, and the energy consumption requirement of the power consumer in the first set statistical period is estimated in an accumulated mode: and taking each day in the first set statistical period as a prediction day, taking each day in the historical energy information as a historical day, searching historical energy information of the power consumer on the historical day corresponding to weather forecast on each prediction day, estimating the energy information on each prediction day according to the historical energy information, and accumulating to obtain the energy consumption requirement of the power consumer in the first set statistical period.
Wherein, find the historical energy information of the power consumer of the historical day corresponding to the weather forecast of each prediction day, need to satisfy the following condition: 1) The prediction day is the same as the season of the history day; 2) The deviation of the duration time respectively corresponding to the forecast day and the history day on sunny days, cloudy days, overcast days or rainy and snowy days is not more than 5%; 3) The environmental temperature comparison between the environmental temperature at least three different times in the daytime and the corresponding time of the historical day is arbitrarily selected, the error of the environmental temperature comparison result at different times above 80% is determined to be not more than 25%, and the formula for temperature comparison is as follows: Wherein/> To predict the ambient temperature at a certain time of day,/>For the ambient temperature at the time corresponding to the history day,/>And/>The selected time is a time interval from 1 hour after sunrise to 1 hour before sunset; 4) The forecast day is the working day time, and the corresponding historical day is also the working day; when the predicted day is a holiday, the corresponding history day is also a holiday. Under the condition that the historical day is the same as or similar to the date of the predicted day and the weather forecast is similar, enough similarity exists in a plurality of dimensions such as seasons, weather change conditions in one day, average daytime temperature and the like, otherwise, the obtained energy consumption information of the predicted day may not be accurate enough, and larger deviation can occur in statistics of the follow-up calculation electricity utilization gap.
If the weather of the predicted day changes suddenly, the weather of a plurality of corresponding historical days is mild, and the energy consumption data of the direct use historical days has larger deviation, the energy consumption data of the historical days can be used as a reference, a certain proportion can be adjusted and increased according to the exponential form of the stage of the weather mutation, and the estimated energy consumption data of the predicted day is as follows: Wherein/> The energy consumption data of the historical day of which the weather change is closer to the predicted day; /(I)The difference between the number of weather change phases in a day of the history day, which is closer to the predicted day, and the number of weather change phases in a day of the predicted day. If the weather change is closer to the history of the predicted day, the weather change is a sunny day; the prediction day is changed from sunny day to cloudy day, and finally to cloudy day, then n=2, and so on.
S5: and evaluating the balance relation between the accumulated power generation amount in the first set statistical period and the energy consumption requirement of the power consumer, and compensating the energy consumption requirement gap of the power consumer from the energy storage equipment or the power grid in a targeted manner.
The method comprises the following steps of 1) drawing a corresponding curve from estimated power generation amount of each prediction day of accumulated power generation amount in a first set statistical period and power consumption information of each prediction day; 2) Dividing time nodes according to equal interval time length, comparing the estimated generating capacity curve with the energy consumption information curve time by time nodes, and obtaining height differences corresponding to the time nodes of the estimated generating capacity curve and the energy consumption information curve; 3) If the values of the energy consumption information curves of a plurality of time nodes behind the current time node are higher than the values of the estimated generating capacity curves, the energy consumption gap is indicated to exist, and then the energy of the power grid is introduced in advance at 50% of the period between the current time node and the next time node to compensate the gap of the estimated generating capacity curve, and the time for compensating the gap of the estimated generating capacity curve is not less than the duration of the energy consumption information curve exceeding the values of the estimated generating capacity curve; 4) For the part exceeding the estimated generating capacity curve, the generating capacity of the power grid compensation is not less than the average value of three continuous time nodes behind the current time node, and the instantaneous value of the compensated estimated generating capacity curve is not less than the instantaneous value of the energy consumption information curve all the time; 5) If the estimated power generation amount curve corresponding to the power generation amount in the daytime and the daytime of any predicted power generation amount exceeds the value of the power utilization information curve all the time, the accumulated exceeding part of the power generation amount in the daytime is sent into the energy storage equipment for storage, and the power generation amount required to be compensated from the power grid is deducted in proportion when the gap between the estimated power generation amount curve and the power utilization information curve is compensated.
The compensation process is described below with reference to fig. 2.
In the upper graph of fig. 2, the continuous broken line represents an estimated power generation amount curve on any one predicted day, and the broken line represents a power consumption information curve on the same day; the horizontal axis represents time, each scale of the horizontal axis represents each time node, and the interval between adjacent time nodes is 15 minutes to 2 hours, preferably 30 minutes; the vertical axis represents the power of the estimated power generation amount or the power corresponding to the energy consumption information. Before the time t (1), the distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment does not generate electricity, but has a certain fixed energy consumption requirement, and the fixed energy consumption requirement is met by the electric energy stored in the energy storage equipment in advance; the continuous broken line from time t (1) to time t (8) shows that the power generation time period is a daytime power generation time period, and in the weather, the power generation time period usually has a peak value, namely, the sections t (4) -t (7) correspond to a third solar altitude section. The peak value section in the power generation time is not completely overlapped with the daytime power consumption peak and the nighttime power consumption peak, so that the broken line part is higher than the solid line part, and an energy consumption gap exists.
In order to compensate for the energy usage gap existing between the reference electricity peak and the electricity generation period peak, as shown in the lower graph of fig. 2, when the energy usage information curve of the next time node is predicted to be higher than the estimated electricity generation amount curve according to the energy usage curve, at least 50% of the interval between adjacent time nodes is compensated from the power grid in advance, so that the real-time power value of the curve corresponding to the estimated electricity generation amount after the power grid compensation in the time period of t (2) -t (4) is always larger than the real-time power value of the energy usage information curve, and then the introduced power grid is disconnected between the time nodes t (4) and t (5). When the peak area of the next energy utilization information curve, such as the time nodes t (8) -t (11), arrives, the electric energy of the electric network is introduced again in advance, and the electric energy is disconnected after a period of time after the end of the electric utilization peak.
It should be noted that, in the shaded portion in fig. 2, the power generation amount of the peak section of the surface daytime power generation time is larger than the power consumption amount of the corresponding section, and the excessive power generation amount of the excess section can be stored in the energy storage device for use in the night or overcast and rainy weather low load section.
Of course, in order to reduce the electricity cost, when the weather is worse, such as when the weather is continuous in rainy or snowy weather, the energy storage device can be charged by the power grid in the valley period, and the details are not repeated here.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. An energy management method of a photovoltaic energy storage system, comprising the steps of:
S1: the method comprises the steps of configuring distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment and energy storage equipment, wherein the distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment is electrically connected with the energy storage equipment, and the energy storage equipment is electrically connected with a power consumer or a power grid;
s2: respectively acquiring geographic position information, historical weather information and historical energy consumption information of the places where the distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment and the energy storage equipment are located;
S3: according to geographical position information and historical weather information of the places where the distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment and the energy storage equipment are located, a model of photovoltaic power generation capacity is built, and accumulated power generation capacity in a first set statistical period after the current day is estimated;
s4: estimating the energy consumption requirement of the electricity utilization party in a first set statistical period according to the historical energy utilization information;
S5: evaluating the balance relation between the accumulated power generation amount in the first set statistical period and the energy consumption requirement of the power consumer, and compensating the energy consumption requirement gap of the power consumer from the energy storage equipment or the power grid in a targeted manner;
the method comprises the steps that geographic position information, historical weather information and historical energy utilization information of a place where distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment and energy storage equipment are located are respectively obtained, wherein the geographic position information refers to obtaining longitude and latitude of the place where the distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment and the energy storage equipment are located, sunrise time and sunset time of each day of at least one year and a range of solar altitude angle, and according to duration of maintenance of the solar altitude angle in different angle ranges, first time of light intensity corresponding to the solar altitude angle in different angle ranges is obtained;
The historical weather information refers to weather conditions and temperature extremum of the places where the distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment and the energy storage equipment are located for at least one year, and weather in a first set statistical period is divided into sunny days, cloudy days and rainy and snowy days according to the degree and duration of the places where the distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment and the energy storage equipment are located and the neighborhood range of the places where the distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment and the energy storage equipment are located and the daily cloud amount shielding the places, and the second time corresponding to different days is counted respectively;
The historical energy consumption information is accumulated energy consumption information of at least one year from the ammeter side of the electricity consumer;
in the step S3, a model of photovoltaic power generation is constructed, and the accumulated power generation in the first set statistical period after the current day is estimated, so that the following model is built: p=n× (P 0)×(T)×(S)×(Weath), where P is the daily output power of the photovoltaic panels of the distributed photovoltaic power generation apparatus; n is the number of photovoltaic panels; maximum output power P 0＝Vmpp×Impp,Vmpp of a single photovoltaic panel is the maximum power point voltage, and I mpp is the maximum power point current; t is an ambient temperature variable; s is a light intensity variable; w eath is a weather variable; estimating the accumulated power generation amount in the first set statistical period by accumulating the daily output power of the photovoltaic panel of the daily distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment in the first set statistical period and multiplying the daily effective illumination time t 0;
The light intensity variable S has different light intensity parameters in different solar altitude intervals: Wherein S 11、S22 and S 33 are respectively the light intensity parameter of the first solar altitude section, the light intensity parameter of the second solar altitude section and the light intensity parameter of the third solar altitude section,/> For the first solar altitude interval, the second solar altitude interval or the third solar altitude interval, θ is the equatorial inclination angle, θ=90° -L ati,Ldti is the latitude of the place where the distributed photovoltaic power generation device and the energy storage device are located; t 1、t2 and t 3 respectively correspond to respective sustained first times of different elevation angle intervals within a daily effective light time t 0, the daily effective light time t 0 being determined from the interval 20 minutes before sunrise time of the corresponding day of the history to 20 minutes after sunset.
2. The energy management method of a photovoltaic energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the environmental temperature variable T is a maximum air temperature value T max and a maximum air temperature Wen Jixiao value T min extracted from corresponding days of historical weather information, let T i be a current real-time temperature, and the following formula is adopted to obtain the value of T: If the current real-time temperature T i is lower than the air temperature minimum value T min of the corresponding day, replacing the air temperature minimum value T min with the content of the current real-time temperature T i and updating, and taking the environmental temperature variable T s at the current moment as a preset non-negative real number A; if the real-time temperature is between the maximum temperature value T max and the maximum temperature value T min of Wen Jixiao, converting into a real number in the (A, 1) interval by a formula to be used as the value of an environment temperature variable T s at the current moment; if the current real-time temperature T i is not smaller than the maximum air temperature T max, replacing the maximum air temperature T max with the value of the current real-time temperature and updating, and taking the environmental temperature variable T s at the current moment as 1; the values of the corresponding ambient temperature variables T s at different moments are averaged to obtain the ambient temperature variable T of the corresponding day.
3. The energy management method of a photovoltaic energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the weather variable W eath is a circular area formed by drawing a circle with a radius R by using a distributed photovoltaic power generation device and a location of the energy storage device as a center, so that S 0 is a projection area of a cloud layer in the circular area, and according to a satellite cloud image of weather forecast, the duration corresponding to different days in each day in a first set statistical period is counted:
Wherein the method comprises the steps of W eath1 corresponds to weather parameters of a sunny day, at this time/>The projected area in the circular area is not more than 15% of the area of the circular area; w eath2 corresponds to cloudy weather parameters, at this time/>The projected area in the circular area is not more than 75% of the area of the circular area; w eath3 corresponds to the weather parameter of cloudy days, at this time/>The projected area within the circular area exceeds 75% of the area of the circular area; w emh4 corresponds to the weather parameters of the rainy and snowy days, at this time/>The projected area in the circular area exceeds 95% of the area of the circular area; y 4、t5、t6 and t 7 correspond to respective second times of duration of sunny, cloudy, rainy and snowy days within the daily effective light time t 0.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the accumulated value of the different altitude intervals in a first time of the daily effective illumination time is equal to the accumulated value of the second time of the daily effective illumination time in a sunny, cloudy or snowy day: t 0＝t4+t5+t6+t7＝t1+t2+t3.
5. The energy management method of a photovoltaic energy storage system according to claim 3, wherein in the estimating the energy consumption requirement of the electricity consumer in the first set statistical period according to the historical energy consumption information in the step S4, the historical energy consumption information of the electricity consumer corresponding to the weather forecast of each day in the first set statistical period is found in the historical energy consumption information, and the energy consumption requirement of the electricity consumer in the first set statistical period is estimated in an accumulated manner: and taking each day in the first set statistical period as a prediction day, taking each day in the historical energy information as a historical day, searching historical energy information of the power consumer on the historical day corresponding to weather forecast on each prediction day, estimating the energy information on each prediction day according to the historical energy information, and accumulating to obtain the energy consumption requirement of the power consumer in the first set statistical period.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein searching for historical energy information of a historical day consumer corresponding to a weather forecast for each predicted day requires the following conditions to be satisfied: 1) The prediction day is the same as the season of the history day; 2) The deviation of the duration time respectively corresponding to the forecast day and the history day on sunny days, cloudy days, overcast days or rainy and snowy days is not more than 5%; 3) The environmental temperature comparison between the environmental temperature at least three different times in the daytime and the corresponding time of the historical day is arbitrarily selected, the error of the environmental temperature comparison result at different times above 80% is determined to be not more than 25%, and the formula for temperature comparison is as follows: Wherein t 10 is the environmental temperature at a certain time of the predicted day, t h is the environmental temperature at the corresponding time of the historical day, and the selected time of t 10 and t h is the interval from 1 hour after sunrise to 1 hour before sunset; 4) The forecast day is the working day time, and the corresponding historical day is also the working day; when the predicted day is a holiday, the corresponding history day is also a holiday.
7. The method for energy management of a photovoltaic energy storage system according to claim 5, wherein step S5 specifically includes 1) drawing an estimated power generation amount per prediction day of the accumulated power generation amount in the first set statistical period and the power consumption information per prediction day into a corresponding curve; 2) Dividing time nodes according to equal interval time length, comparing the estimated generating capacity curve with the energy consumption information curve time by time nodes, and obtaining height differences corresponding to the time nodes of the estimated generating capacity curve and the energy consumption information curve; 3) If the values of the energy consumption information curves of a plurality of time nodes behind the current time node are higher than the values of the estimated generating capacity curves, the energy consumption gap is indicated to exist, and then the energy of the power grid is introduced in advance at 50% of the period between the current time node and the next time node to compensate the gap of the estimated generating capacity curve, and the time for compensating the gap of the estimated generating capacity curve is not less than the duration of the energy consumption information curve exceeding the values of the estimated generating capacity curve; 4) For the part exceeding the estimated generating capacity curve, the generating capacity of the power grid compensation is not less than the average value of three continuous time nodes behind the current time node, and the instantaneous value of the compensated estimated generating capacity curve is not less than the instantaneous value of the energy consumption information curve all the time; 5) If the estimated power generation amount curve corresponding to the power generation amount in the daytime and the daytime of any predicted power generation amount exceeds the value of the power utilization information curve all the time, the accumulated exceeding part of the power generation amount in the daytime is sent into the energy storage equipment for storage, and the power generation amount required to be compensated from the power grid is deducted in proportion when the gap between the estimated power generation amount curve and the power utilization information curve is compensated.
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