CN203645341U - Solar energy large scale utilizing system used for city settlement - Google Patents
Solar energy large scale utilizing system used for city settlement Download PDFInfo
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- CN203645341U CN203645341U CN201320187037.0U CN201320187037U CN203645341U CN 203645341 U CN203645341 U CN 203645341U CN 201320187037 U CN201320187037 U CN 201320187037U CN 203645341 U CN203645341 U CN 203645341U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
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Abstract
A solar energy large scale utilizing system used for a city settlement comprises many buildings which are provided with solar photovoltaic boards on roofs and/or walls; multiple power transmission and distribution (PTD) and metering devices to convert solar photovoltaic electric energy, and generate electric power automatically for private use locally; an electric vehicle charging and energy storing device used for storing and adjusting peak valleys of the solar photovoltaic electric energy. A meteorological observation and forecast system used for forecasting photovoltaic generation power and thereby regulating different devices of the system, and an intelligent micro grid serving as a system control center. Through cooperation and coordination of the devices, a regulation and operation method of achieving self-generation and self-use of solar photovoltaic electric energy, transmitting electricity margin to the power grid and supplying electricity to insufficient sections by the power grid is realized. The regulation and control of the devices by the intelligent micro-grid, balances the relationship between commercial power, self-generated electricity and consumed electricity, reduces randomness and fluctuation of electricity generation of a photovoltaic power station, ensures safety and stabilization of the power grid. And the solar energy large scale utilizing system with a dynamic balance of field power generation and field power consumption and depending on the power grid is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of solar energy scale for urban settlement and utilizes system; exactly; relate to a kind of in urban settlement is built; change traditional fossil energy supply model, promote a kind of take solar energy as core, by generating center and the novel energy comprehensive utilization organically combining by electrfic centre and the system of management of regenerative resource scale application.Belong to the technical field that new forms of energy combine with building plans, design with high-efficiency energy-saving technology.
Background technology
Along with social development and scientific and technological progress; how to solve energy scarcity problem and become the difficult problem that countries in the world face; therefore; explore the feasibility that solar energy scale utilizes; movement system and operating mechanism thereof that the feasible solar energy composite of construction utilizes; take economical and practical house (as indemnificatory residence) as object; and make common people's electricity consumption more preferential than conventional civil power; introduce again independent management; the enterprise operation mode of innovation; embody the function of the science service people's livelihood, become the focus problem that the mechanisms such as numerous domestic scientific research, colleges and universities pay close attention to.
If prior art is how basis, put forth effort on every MODN technologies such as Weather Observation And Forecast System, intelligent micro-grid, solar building integrated and Electric Transit and carry out integratedly innovating again, be the new topic of developing that contemporary science and technology personnel face.Although the concrete technology of the multiple component devices in solar energy utilization system or parts, link, has all entered comparative maturity or relatively ripe stage at present.But, be still all confined to so far the utilization of very small-scale, independence, individual event, also do not form the system architecture of scale.
First introduce respectively each related component devices of the utility model or the prior art of member below:
Meteorological observation and forecast: weather phenomenon is along with the time constantly changes, and this variation brings very large impact to solar energy power generating.In the time that grid-connected solar energy power generating becomes an important component part of supply of electric power, the fluctuation of the solar energy power generating amount that Changes in weather causes, brings the stable and safe operation of giving electrical network to have a strong impact on.For example, when fine day, photovoltaic plant can oepration at full load.But, predict in advance and carry out adequate preparation if electrical network does not obtain, for power grid security, will limit the online of solar power generation.Like this, both waste solar energy resources, and caused economic loss to again photovoltaic plant operation enterprise.But once that weather transfers to is cloudy, overcast and rainy or sandstorm occurs, or occurs thermal extremes etc. in summer, the energy output of photovoltaic plant will fall sharply thereupon.While carrying out abundant reply if electrical network is not predicted in advance, there will be again the situation of electricity shortage, affect people's normal production and life.Therefore, carrying out observation and the forecast of solar energy resources and relevant meteorological condition, to realize the forecast of photovoltaic plant solar power generation amount, is all very important for the operation of photovoltaic plant and the safety of electrical network.
The real output of photovoltaic generating system depends primarily on solar irradiance, and solar radiation energy per unit area density is lower, has larger discontinuity and unsteadiness on the time.It is not only subject to the impact in season and geographical position, also closely related with relative position of atmospheric transparency, moisture content, aerosol, cloud amount, cloud form, cloud and the sun at that time etc.; Meanwhile, the cycle that is also subject to changes the Astronomical Factors impact of (diurnal variation and year change), other environmental factor (as temperature etc.) also can exert an influence to solar radiation transformation efficiency equally.After photovoltaic generating system is incorporated into the power networks, because the variation of its energy output is the random process of a non-stationary, power output discontinuous and uncertain, can produce considerable influence to electrical network.Therefore, want significantly to improve the ratio of photovoltaic power generation quantity, improve photoelectric conversion efficiency, cut operating costs and ensure power grid security, solar energy forecasting technique is extremely important.Should consider the unsteadiness of solar radiation to the forecast of solar energy, also will consider the impact of its periodicity (comprising astronomy and geographic factor), also will consider the impact of the weather environment factor.
Solar energy forecasting procedure mainly contains following three classes:
1. the Forecasting Methodology based on traditional statistical method and artificial neural net, comprises two kinds: a kind of is based on solar power generation amount in real time and the statistical fluctuation of historical data, the method is relatively simply but be only applicable to the nowcasting of 0～1 hour.Another kind is the Forecasting Methodology of utilizing weather pattern forecast parameterization forecast solar energy based on artificial neural net, and its prediction timeliness is relevant with enter factor and data, and forecast result has randomness.These two kinds of statistical methods be all mainly take time series as basis, poor for the prediction effect of long period.
2. the Extrapolation method based on satellite cloud picture data, its advantage is to process the convective cloud system that yardstick is less, but non-linear due to weather system and relevant cloud system development moving process, the Time effect forecast of the method was at 0～5 hour.
3. utilize numerical weather forecast result to add up the method for correcting, Time effect forecast can reach a couple of days.
At present, develop multiple solar energy forecast system abroad, still, because solar radiation is largely decided by weather conditions, do not considered that data of weather forecast is difficult to be predicted the outcome preferably.Thereby the photovoltaic generation power output prognoses system of foreign study is all using numerical weather forecast data as important input.For example, the SOLARFOR system of ENFOR company of Denmark combines the historical energy output data of photovoltaic generating system and short-term numerical weather forecast result, has realized short-term (0～72 hour) power prediction of this system.The Renewable Energy Science Technology plan of the U.S. is calculated the general radiative transmission mode (CRTM) of JCSDA development for the solar radiation transmission of solar energy forecast, and the radiation transmission that can be used for calculating satellite remote sensing, is used for numerical weather forecast business by a lot of countries.The Three-dimensional Variational Data Assimilation (WRF-VAR) of WRF also assimilates satellite data with CRTM.Be engaged in the 3TIER company of regenerative resource generaI investigation and forecast in the U.S., developed the Forecast Mode based on global solar radiation, directly radiation and scattered radiation.California, USA university has developed a kind of surface solar radiation illumination observation station, utilize real-time monitored data, satellite and radar image deal with data, calculate real-time solar radiation and nowcasting value, build up on this basis the solar radiation short-period forecast system of 24～36 hours.
The solar energy forecasting technique of China is started late, and still seldom sees so far effective solar energy forecast application system.But, can Foreign Experience, accelerate development and carry out the solar energy forecast system based on satellite, meteorological observation and numerical weather forecast.
Intelligent micro-grid is to collect by distributed power source, energy conversion device, power load, monitoring and protective device etc. the small-sized electric system of being transported to forming, and it is an autonomous system that can realize self-control and management.From microcosmic, intelligent micro-grid can be considered to possess the complete small electrical system of sending out power transmission and distribution function, can realize local power-balance and energy-optimised.From macroscopic view, intelligent micro-grid is considered to again " virtual " power supply or the load in distribution system.Existing research and practice shows, distributed power source is linked in electrical network and is incorporated into the power networks with micro-electrical network form, supports each other with electrical network, is the effective means of performance distributed electrical source efficiency, has huge society and economy meaning.For example: greatly improve the utilance of distributed power source, while contributing to electrical network catastrophe, to important load continued power, avoid directly impact custom power quality around of fitful power, contribute to the saving energy and decreasing loss of the utilization of renewable energy source optimization and electrical network.
Intelligent micro-grid and correlation technique thereof have obtained multinational attention and the popularization in the world; research and the construction of micro-electrical network accelerated in the states such as North America, European Union, Japan and area; and according to energy policy separately and the current condition of electric power system; propose the micro-electrical network concept and the development plan that differ from one another, and carried out a large amount of research work in many-sides such as operation, control, protection, management and the impacts on electric power system of micro-electrical network.
In recent years, the correlation technique research of intelligent micro-grid and be applied in China and paid much attention to.The Ministry of Science and Technology in 2008 have just subsidized the basic research of distributed power generation energy supplying system specially, and emphasis solves the series of key techniques in micro-power network development process.National 863 project has also been supported multiple projects, and its content relates to the many aspects such as micro-power grid control strategy, energy management, energy storage, demonstration project construction.Up to the present, many colleges and universities and scientific research institution have set up micro-electrical network test platform, to carry out the correlative study work in micro-electrical network field.
In actual applications, in micro-electrical network, the diversity of distributed power source has increased the difficulty being incorporated into the power networks, and the impact of its planning, the quality of power supply, system protection, the stability of a system and system control on electric power system, is all restricting the development of micro-electric power network technique.By multiple to intelligent micro-grid and building plans, Building Design and member, meteorology, traffic etc. different majors technical field realize highly integrated with integrate; the common urban settlement of building novel solar energy composite utilization; be conducive to the scale utilization of solar energy resources; be conducive to coordinate the contradiction between large electrical network and micro-electrical network; excavating to greatest extent the advantage of micro-electric power network technique in economy, the energy and environment, is the effective way that realizes micro-electrical network intellectuality, high efficiency, economization.
Solar energy is a kind of pattern that solar energy resources utilization combines with building that solves with the integrated technique of building.Along with the utilization of society pay attention to day by day solar energy resources, how the utilization of solar energy resources and building element and even architectural design are combined, be more and more subject to people's attention.People begin one's study and promote the integrated of solar energy and building, and the technological achievement of comparative maturity has at present: the integrated and solar photoelectric of solar energy optical-thermal and building and building integrated.
Solar building integrated is not that helioplant or facility are placed on building simply, and should set it as the indispensable member of building for process of architecture design, and start with from technology and aesthstic two aspects, take into full account coordination, installation site and the type of attachment of helioplant or parts and whole building, reasonable Arrangement pipeline, guarantee that solar energy collecting plate can resist the invasion and attack of high wind, rain, snow, solar energy system can high-efficiency operation, and does not affect the functions such as load-bearing, waterproof and the insulation of building.Whole system is safe and reliable, easy to maintenance; And visually coordinate, unify with architectural style, make solar energy utilization system become building integral inalienable part.
It is multiple that solar energy utilizes the form of Installation And Construction combination to have, and comprising: roofing is integrated, exterior wall is integrated, exterior window is integrated, balcony is integrated and solar protection devices is integrated etc.In some cases, solar energy utilizes the alternative local building element of facility (as roofing tile, outer wall stone, exterior window etc.), has both eliminated the impact of solar energy on facade visual image, has avoided again overlapping investment, has reduced cost.In a word, the scale utilization of solar energy is important development direction of following heliotechnics.
Utility model content
In view of this; the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of solar energy scale for urban settlement and utilizes system; the utility model be the planning of a kind of combined city, architectural design, weather forecast, intelligent microgrid, Electric Transit utilize system across solar energy scales multidisciplinary, many technical fields; this system is about the multiple sophisticated technologies of solar energy are integrated, development integrated and that innovate again by the present age; can advance city to change its traditional energy structure; give full play to the advantage of regenerative resource, the development in the Fashion of Future city.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a kind of solar energy scale for urban settlement to utilize system, and this system is that solar energy acquisition and the photovoltaic device for converting electric energy thereof installed based on building in urban settlement build, it is characterized in that: described solar energy scale utilizes system to comprise: be arranged on roof and/or metope, be used for numerous buildings of the photovoltaic panel that gathers solar energy, to solar photovoltaic electric energy is changed and the device of generating power for their own use on the spot carries out power transmission and distribution control and metering multiple power transmission and distribution and metering device, for storing or regulate charging electric vehicle and the energy storage device of solar photovoltaic electric energy peak valley, be used for forecasting photovoltaic generation power, to this solar energy scale is utilized to the photovoltaic panel that comprises described collection solar energy in system, the Weather Observation And Forecast System that multiple power transmission and distribution and metering device and charging electric vehicle and energy storage device regulate and control, and utilize the control centre of system as this solar energy scale, to the conversion of the solar photovoltaic electric energy of producing, use and carry and carry out controlling in real time and the intelligent micro-grid of managing,
Described to solar photovoltaic electric energy change and on the spot the device of generating power for their own use comprise: solar photovoltaic electric energy change and self power generation and electrical installation from electricity consumption on the spot, and combining inverter and/or the power distribution cabinet of each building or multiple building configuration use; Described combining inverter is 220 volts of alternating currents for the solar photovoltaic electric energy inversion that photovoltaic panel is produced, to give in building, solar photovoltaic electric energy is carried out to the electrical installation power supply from electricity consumption; Described power distribution cabinet is for being converted to 220 volts of alternating currents of combining inverter output three-phase 380V and being incorporated to utility grid;
Described solar photovoltaic electric energy is changed and the device of generating power for their own use on the spot carries out power transmission and distribution control and metering multiple power transmission and distribution and metering device are comprised: the solar photovoltaic electric energy of whole community generation is accessed to two-way charging intelligent kilowatt-hour meter utility grid, that be positioned at 10kV IAD with 10kV, and at the intelligent kilowatt-hour meter with transporting function of each combining inverter output, can calculate and add up this urban settlement or/and the electric weight of the self power generation of the solar photovoltaic electric energy of every household and consumption figure from electricity consumption for intelligent micro-grid.
Cooperation by above-mentioned each device is controlled with coordination, realize generating power for their own use of solar photovoltaic electric energy, surplus online, and the adjustment operational mode of being supplied electric weight insufficient section by utility grid, and to solar energy, scale utilizes the electrical energy production in system by intelligent micro-grid, consumption and storage regulate and control, the photovoltaic electric energy that fluctuation is produced is directly powered with distributed power source, with balanced civil power, relation between self power generation and power consumption, reduce randomness and impact and the impact of fluctuation on utility grid of photovoltaic power station power generation as far as possible, guarantee the safety and stablization of electrical network, and realize the generating on the spot of energy balance, on-site elimination, interdependent electrical network, the solar energy scale of dynamic equilibrium utilizes system.
Describedly be arranged on roof and/or metope, deliver to the combining inverter of building separately for gathering the electric energy that the photovoltaic panel of solar energy produces via cable, be converted into 220 volts of alternating currents and to the power supply of the electrical installation from electricity consumption in this building.
Described intelligent micro-grid comprises: the combining inverter that direct current energy is transformed into AC energy, store the energy storage device of solar energy photovoltaic panel generating electric energy surplus, between each combining inverter and energy storage device, transmit the communicator of its running status and running parameter, and described combining inverter, energy storage device and communicator are monitored in real time, gather the service data of this combining inverter, energy storage device and communicator, regulate and control the control device of the running status of this combining inverter, energy storage device and communicator.
Described Weather Observation And Forecast System is for measuring and forecast solar energy resources; Comprise solar energy resources observation and two platforms of solar energy forecast; Wherein:
Solar energy resources observation platform is provided with: five class solar radiation observation equipment of global radiation, directly radiation, scattering radiation, the radiation of latitude inclined-plane and the theoretical best inclined-plane radiation utilizing for solar energy, and measure multiple meteorological element scopes of temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind speed and direction;
Solar energy forecast platform is provided with forecast of solar irradiance device and photovoltaic generation powder prediction device in short-term.
The input of described intelligent micro-grid respectively with the output of the described device of forecast of solar irradiance in short-term and photovoltaic generation powder prediction device, and described solar photovoltaic electric energy changed and carried out power transmission and distribution control with the device of generating power for their own use on the spot and be connected with the output of metering device with multiple power transmission and distribution of metering; Its output connect respectively described to solar photovoltaic electric energy change and on the spot self power generation with from the electrical installation of electricity consumption, and the charging of electric automobile and energy storage device, to carry out management and control scheduling.
The use of solar photovoltaic electric energy and the adjustment equipment of storage when described charging electric vehicle and energy storage device are sunny for daytime, the adjustment equipment of the use of this photovoltaic electric energy and storage also comprises earth source heat pump.
At present, the domestic research to intelligent micro-grid is at the early-stage, for how to set up centered by solar energy resources, and the achievement in research of the intelligent micro-grid that the multinomial engineerings such as urban planning, architectural design, weather forecast, Electric Transit are merged is few especially.Innovative technology of the present utility model is:
The utility model system adopts the integrated technology path of innovation again, and multiple multi-disciplinary fields height such as the energy, planning, building, meteorology, micro-electrical network, motor vehicle and earth source heat pump are integrated, and jointly builds novel solar energy settlement.The technical problem that this system solves mainly comprises: the combination of (1) heliotechnics and planning and green building, improves generating efficiency.(2) management of intelligent micro-grid and the combination of Weather Observation And Forecast System, guarantees large electrical network and residential electricity consumption safety, and this is difficult point and the key point of China and even world's solar power generation.(3) green traffic is combined with energy storage peak shaving, promotes electric motor car and Development of E-bike.For example, the Weather Observation And Forecast System in the utility model not only comprises meteorological observation and the traditional measurement project of forecasting the station, is also provided with the measure the item for the multinomial engineering operation such as solar power generation, intelligent micro-grid and architectural design; The impact on radiation forecast of cloud, aerosol (sand and dust) and surface albedo can be considered, the solar radiation power generation energy resource and the Related product thereof that are applicable to photovoltaic generation wave band can be generated.This system is basic as merging using the comprehensive utilization of regenerative resource by the engineering of multiple different field, centered by solar energy resources, to promote the guiding principle that develops into of intelligent micro-grid, to realize urban sustainable development as object, every technology is realized to organic, combination cleverly, can significantly promote the construction of the micro-electrical network of city intelligent.
Applying of the utility model system, the wide the earth of China is made full use of to abundant solar energy resources important practical significance, for the comprehensive utilization of other regenerative resources such as wind energy, biomass energy, also has compared with restricted publication of international news and commentary entitled and is worth.The utility model has the advantages that:
(1) urban planning, green building, climatic prediction, intelligent micro-grid, green traffic etc. are realized highly and being integrated with integrated across multidisciplinary, multi-field technology, build brand-new energy system and management mode.
(2) set about from conceptual plan, explore and the every examination technical indicator and the method that build regenerative resource city, realize the coordinated development between soil, environment, natural resources and energy resources.
(3) take the green building that makes full use of solar energy as basis, realize generating center and the combination by electrfic centre.
(4) generating center in city combines with power load center, build generating, the power transformation of generating on the spot, on-site elimination, interdependent electrical network, dynamic equilibrium, intelligent control, the novel power grid framework of power supply, build the distributed generation system of region, community groups of building, explore the path that minimizes for distribution loss, integrate relatively independent generating and supply electric resources, optimizing Chinese energy resource supply pattern.
(5) set up solar energy observation station, carry out the forecast of solar power generation meteorological condition, to realize the environmental basis Construction Practice of technological innovation.
(6) supply and demand of the micro-electrical network of charging system balance of utilization green traffic, promote the use of green public transport railway and highway system and electric motor car for local conditions, make the economic technology characteristic of the electric motor coach that " cost can bear, Economic Sustainability " is target can round Realization.
(7) be applied to protection residential architecture, make common people's electricity consumption more preferential than conventional civil power.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the utility model utilizes system configuration composition schematic diagram for the solar energy scale of urban settlement.
Fig. 2 is the example structure composition schematic diagram that the scale of the utility model solar energy utilizes system.
Fig. 3 is the solar energy resources observation platform structure composition schematic diagram that the scale of the utility model solar energy utilizes Weather Observation And Forecast System in system.
Fig. 4 is the structure composition schematic diagram that the scale of the utility model solar energy utilizes the solar energy forecast platform of Weather Observation And Forecast System in system.
Fig. 5 is that the scale of the utility model solar energy utilizes the intelligent micro-grid structure composition schematic diagram in system.
Fig. 6 is the control strategy schematic diagram that the scale of the utility model solar energy utilizes the intelligent micro-grid of system.
Fig. 7 is that the scale of the utility model solar energy utilizes intelligent micro-grid configuration diagram in the l-G simulation test embodiment of system.
Embodiment
For making the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, structure composition of the present utility model and function thereof are described in further detail.
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, introduce the utility model and utilize for the solar energy scale of urban settlement the structure composition of system: it is that building based on urban settlement is installed solar collecting device and utilization of power device builds that this solar energy scale utilizes system.In urban settlement; first make numerous buildings in settlement become generating end by architecture-integral; and the electric energy of its collection is changed; again the solar photovoltaic electric energy producing in the urban settlement being made up of groups of building is gathered; adopt intelligent micro-grid to carry out unified management and configuration to the electric energy of urban settlement, be aided with formation scale and utilize system.This solar energy scale utilizes system to comprise following concrete device:
On roof and/or metope install for gathering numerous buildings of photovoltaic panel of solar energy, multiple power transmission and distribution and metering device that solar photovoltaic electric energy is changed and generated power for their own use on the spot, for storing or regulate charging electric vehicle and the energy storage device of solar photovoltaic electric energy peak valley, for forecasting photovoltaic generation power so that the Weather Observation And Forecast System that the many devices of this system are regulated and controled, and as this System Control Center, conversion to the solar photovoltaic electric energy of producing, use and carry out controlling in real time and the intelligent micro-grid of managing with carrying, cooperation by above-mentioned each device is controlled with coordination, realize generating power for their own use of solar photovoltaic electric energy, surplus online, and the adjustment operational mode of being supplied electric weight insufficient section by utility grid, and by intelligent micro-grid to the electrical energy production in system, consumption and storage regulate and control, the photovoltaic electric energy that fluctuation is produced is directly powered with distributed power source, with balanced civil power, relation between self power generation and power consumption, reduce randomness and impact and the impact of fluctuation on utility grid of photovoltaic power station power generation as far as possible, guarantee the safety and stablization of electrical network, and realize the generating on the spot of energy balance, on-site elimination, interdependent electrical network, the solar energy scale of dynamic equilibrium utilizes system.
Briefly, the utility model is using structure trunk as power station, the roof of every solitary building and/or metope are installed fixing solar energy photovoltaic panel, solar photoelectric is generated power for their own use, manage by intelligent micro-grid: solar power generation amount is delivered to inverter and the grid-connected power distribution cabinet of building by cable, realize three-phase 380V grid-connected.For electrical network connecting system, whole community is connected with utility grid with 10kV, and at 10kV critical point, place is provided with Bidirectional intelligent charging electric meter, is provided with the intelligent kilowatt-hour meter with transporting function, to calculate solar energy power generating amount and consumption figure in each inverter outlet.Carrying out generates electricity generates power for their own use nearby, remaining sum is all carried utility grid, the operational mode that insufficient section is adjusted by electrical network, build the intelligent micro-grid of generating on the spot, on-site elimination, interdependent electrical network, dynamic equilibrium, with the relation between balance civil power, self power generation and power consumption, reduce the impact of photovoltaic plant to public electric wire net, complete solar photoelectric and utilize engineering.For regulating the inharmonious of generating electricity consumption, also add green Electric Transit and energy-storage system, carry out unified management by intelligent micro-grid, guarantee the safety of large electrical network.
The utility model system must be coordinated jointly by multi-specialized, multi-field scientific and technical personnel; set up one by multi-disciplinary teams such as planning, building, electronic engineering, meteorology, traffic; different majors technical staff is responsible for related work separately; and cooperation cooperation mutually in the course of the work; realize technological incorporation, could realize this solar energy scale and utilize system.
Introduce respectively component devices, equipment or the subsystem of each technical field in the utility model below:
Solar energy photovoltaic panel is made into building member, and is installed on the roof and/or metope of each building of community in urban areas, makes the overall appearance of solar energy photovoltaic panel and the exterior design of building coordination, attractive in appearance, realizes architecture-integral.The electric energy that solar energy photovoltaic panel produces is delivered to the combining inverter of building separately via cable, is converted into 220 volts of alternating currents and to supply with various electric equipments in this building personal.
The conversion of solar photovoltaic electric energy and the device of generating power for their own use on the spot, remove beyond various power devices, also comprises each building configuration or shared inverter and/or power distribution cabinet and the intelligent kilowatt-hour meter of multiple building.Wherein inverter is for being 220 volts of alternating currents by the solar photovoltaic electric energy inversion of generation, to give the various electric equipment power supplies in building.Power distribution cabinet is incorporated to utility grid for 220 volts of alternating currents of inverter output are realized to three-phase 380V.Intelligent kilowatt-hour meter has two kinds: a kind of is that the solar photovoltaic electric energy that whole community is produced accesses two-way charging intelligent kilowatt-hour meter utility grid, that be positioned at 10kV IAD with 10kV, another kind is the intelligent kilowatt-hour meter with transporting function of each inverter output end, so that intelligent microgrid device calculates and adds up this urban settlement or/and the energy output of the solar photovoltaic electric energy of every household and personal consumption figure.
Weather Observation And Forecast System is for measuring and forecast solar energy resources, and it comprises solar energy resources observation platform and solar energy forecast platform.Wherein:
The solar radiation observation that solar energy resources observation platform is carried out comprises: the five class scopes such as global radiation, directly radiation, scattering radiation, the radiation of latitude inclined-plane, theoretical best inclined-plane radiation.In addition, the relative meteorological factors such as temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind speed and direction is also measuring equipment and the observation project of this platform.
The solar energy forecast platform of new forms of energy community in urban areas is provided with: the device of solar radiation numerical weather prediction in short-term and solar energy power generating powder prediction device, forecast of solar irradiance device is that Mesoscale Meteorology is combined with atmospheric radiation transmission mode leading in the world in short-term, the three-dimensional cloud analysis assimilation technique of many time horizons based on satellite data, the three-dimensional cloud initial fields to Mesoscale Meteorology and solar radiation forecast improve.Again by solar energy power generating powder prediction device forecast photovoltaic plant at the ultra-short term of setting cycle (for example, 0-4 hour by 15 minutes) and the global solar radiation of short-term (for example, following 72 hours by 15 minutes), directly radiation, scattering radiation and affect the parameters of the Key Meteorological Factors of photovoltaic generation power.
Referring to Fig. 3, introduce four devices of the structure composition of the utility model solar energy resources observation platform: (1) solar radiation measurement mechanism, comprises the measurement of horizontal plane global radiation, directly radiation and scattering radiation and the global radiation of local latitude inclined plane and the global radiation of theoretical optimum tilt face; (2) relative meteorological factors measurement mechanism, comprises that wind speed, wind direction, air pressure, temperature and humidity etc. are multinomial; (3) electric supply installation, is powered by the solar panel of a 80W conventionally; (4) data acquisition unit, for gathering solar radiation and meteorological factor data, can sample frequency be set to 1 minute or some minutes as required.
Referring to Fig. 4, introduce structure composition and the operation principle thereof of solar energy forecast platform.Its composition structure comprises data information assimilation and input, solar radiation forecast, the forecast of photovoltaic generation power and four functional modules of forecast model products issue.Data information assimilation and input module are the three-dimensional cloud analysis assimilation techniques of the many time horizons based on satellite data, and the variation of cloud is assimilated in numerical model input; Solar radiation forecast module is based on mesoscale numerical weather prediction model and external advanced atmospheric radiation transmission mode, obtains the variation of surface solar radiation according to the physical process forecast of Changes in weather; Photovoltaic generation power forecast module is based on photoelectricity physical process, sets up computation model, realizes the forecast of photovoltaic generation power; Forecast model products release module is for different service objects, based on Web website, realizes the displaying query function of forecast result.
Intelligent micro-grid of the present utility model is the control device that solar photovoltaic electric energy that the groups of building of building composition in this urban settlement are produced gathers, realizes unified management and configuration.Intelligent micro-grid utilizes the information of forecast of solar irradiance device and photovoltaic generation powder prediction device in short-term; analyze the power supply capacity of the solar energy resources of this community building; utilize every data of system in conjunction with this solar energy scale of power load power prediction, dynamically formulate the operation strategy of micro-electrical network.And generating and power consumption equipment are carried out Real-Time Monitoring and verified precision of prediction, provide correction strategy and data thereof to Forecasting Methodology and means, and the controllable devices such as charging electric vehicle and energy storage device, earth source heat pump are carried out to management and control scheduling.The resident of resident family, in the time that luminous power is abundant, also can use the power consumption equipment (earth source heat pump, electric motor car charging etc.) of not free property requirement.
Referring to Fig. 5, introduce structure composition and the position in this system thereof of intelligent micro-grid: comprise the inverter that direct current energy is transformed into AC energy, store the energy storage device of solar energy photovoltaic panel generating electric energy surplus, between each inverter and energy storage device, transmit the communicator of its running status and running parameter, and inverter, energy storage device and communicator are monitored in real time, gather its service data, regulate and control the control device of its running status.
Intelligent micro-grid is control core of the present utility model, it can make the directly power device for every household with distributed power source form of solar photovoltaic fluctuation power supply, farthest alleviate the impact causing to electrical network because of fluctuation and the randomness of photovoltaic generation, reduce the impact to utility grid, the fail safe, the stability that strengthen utility grid, realize energy balance.
Referring to Fig. 6, introduce the control strategy of this intelligent micro-grid.
In order farthest to utilize solar power generation, reduce again the impact to utility grid simultaneously, the control strategy of intelligent micro-grid of the present utility model is: at utmost utilize solar power generation to meet resident living power utility, first meet the need of generating power for their own use nearby.The unnecessary power delivery that recycling solar power generation produces is to green Electric Transit charging station, i.e. charging electric vehicle or energy storage device, or starts other energy storage devices; There is again remaining electric weight, be just incorporated to utility grid, guarantee the safety of utility grid; If solar power generation and storage electric weight can not meet community electricity consumption, just utilize utility grid power supply.Its specific strategy is described below:
(1) if solar cell power generation power is greater than community resident and bus charge power sum, guarantee the electricity consumption of community resident load, and start bus charging, if after bus energy-storage system is full of, unnecessary electric energy input utility grid;
(2) if solar cell power generation power is less than community resident and bus charge power sum, judge again whether solar cell power generation power is greater than community resident electric power:
If be greater than, guarantee community resident power load.In addition: if 1. remove community resident electricity consumption part, can also meet the bus charging energy required, start all Electric Transit chargings that can allow; If 2. remove community resident electricity consumption part, can not meet the bus charging energy required, deposit unnecessary electric weight in energy storage device, until be full of; If also have unnecessary electric energy, flow to utility grid;
If be less than, guarantee the electricity consumption of community resident load, insufficient section is supplemented by energy-storage system and utility grid.
In the utility model, the use of solar photovoltaic electric energy and the adjustment equipment of storage when charging electric vehicle and energy storage device are sunny for daytime, it is to utilize control device in intelligent micro-grid production and the consumption data to solar photovoltaic electric energy carry out Real-time Collection and analyze, and according to analysis result, control strategy is adjusted, make the utilization of solar photovoltaic electric energy realize greatest benefit.The adjustment equipment of the use of this photovoltaic electric energy and storage also comprises earth source heat pump.
Referring to Fig. 7, introduce the scale of the utility model solar energy and utilize intelligent micro-grid typical structure schematic diagram in Simulation Test embodiment.In figure, be provided with three 10kV inward trunks, connect various important loads and common load on this main line, the power supply of solar-energy photo-voltaic cell is directly installed on load place as micro-power supply, and this access form can reduce line loss and provide main line terminal voltage to support.The exit of each micro-power supply is furnished with circuit breaker, is provided with power and voltage controller simultaneously, under the control device regulation and control of intelligent micro-grid, the power stage separately of each micro-power supply is adjusted, to regulate feeder current.In the time monitoring utility grid and occur the power quality problems such as voltage disturbance or power failure, its service entrance switch action, make intelligent micro-grid proceed to islet operation pattern, to guarantee that in this micro-electrical network, important load is realized uninterrupted power supply, each micro-power supply is under the management and control of this control device simultaneously, Modulating Power output, guarantees that micro-electrical network normally moves.Now, for the common load on main line, the utility model system can be according to the power-balance demand of micro-electrical network, by its power-off excision.
It is successfully that the scale of the utility model solar energy utilizes the emulation embodiment test of system, has realized goal of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. utilizing a system for the solar energy scale of urban settlement, is that solar energy acquisition and the photovoltaic device for converting electric energy thereof of installing based on building in urban settlement builds, it is characterized in that: described solar energy scale utilizes system to comprise: be arranged on roof and/or metope, be used for numerous buildings of the photovoltaic panel that gathers solar energy, to solar photovoltaic electric energy is changed and the device of generating power for their own use on the spot carries out power transmission and distribution control and metering multiple power transmission and distribution and metering device, for storing or regulate charging electric vehicle and the energy storage device of solar photovoltaic electric energy peak valley, be used for forecasting photovoltaic generation power, to this solar energy scale is utilized to the photovoltaic panel that comprises described collection solar energy in system, the Weather Observation And Forecast System that multiple power transmission and distribution and metering device and charging electric vehicle and energy storage device regulate and control, and utilize the control centre of system as this solar energy scale, to the conversion of the solar photovoltaic electric energy of producing, use and carry and carry out controlling in real time and the intelligent micro-grid of managing,
Described to solar photovoltaic electric energy change and on the spot the device of generating power for their own use comprise: solar photovoltaic electric energy change and self power generation and electrical installation from electricity consumption on the spot, and combining inverter and/or the power distribution cabinet of each building or multiple building configuration use; Described combining inverter is 220 volts of alternating currents for the solar photovoltaic electric energy inversion that photovoltaic panel is produced, and solar photovoltaic electric energy is carried out to the electrical installation power supply from electricity consumption to give in building; Described power distribution cabinet is for being converted to 220 volts of alternating currents of combining inverter output three-phase 380V and being incorporated to utility grid;
Described solar photovoltaic electric energy is changed and the device of generating power for their own use on the spot carries out power transmission and distribution control and metering multiple power transmission and distribution and metering device are comprised: the solar photovoltaic electric energy of whole community generation is accessed to two-way charging intelligent kilowatt-hour meter utility grid, that be positioned at 10kV IAD with 10kV, and at the intelligent kilowatt-hour meter with transporting function of each combining inverter output, can calculate and add up this urban settlement or/and the electric weight of the self power generation of the solar photovoltaic electric energy of every household and consumption figure from electricity consumption for intelligent micro-grid.
2. the solar energy scale for urban settlement according to claim 1 utilizes system; it is characterized in that: described in be arranged on roof and/or metope, deliver to the combining inverter of building separately for gathering the electric energy that the photovoltaic panel of solar energy produces via cable, be converted into 220 volts of alternating currents and to the power supply of the electrical installation from electricity consumption in this building.
3. the solar energy scale for urban settlement according to claim 1 utilizes system, it is characterized in that: described intelligent micro-grid comprises: the combining inverter that direct current energy is transformed into AC energy, store the energy storage device of solar energy photovoltaic panel generating electric energy surplus, between each combining inverter and energy storage device, transmit the communicator of its running status and running parameter, and to described combining inverter, energy storage device and communicator are monitored in real time, gather this combining inverter, the service data of energy storage device and communicator, regulate and control this combining inverter, the control device of the running status of energy storage device and communicator.
4. the solar energy scale for urban settlement according to claim 1 utilizes system, it is characterized in that: described Weather Observation And Forecast System is for measuring and forecast solar energy resources; Comprise solar energy resources observation and two platforms of solar energy forecast; Wherein:
Solar energy resources observation platform is provided with: five class solar radiation observation equipment of global radiation, directly radiation, scattering radiation, the radiation of latitude inclined-plane and the theoretical best inclined-plane radiation utilizing for solar energy, and measure multiple meteorological element scopes of temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind speed and direction;
Solar energy forecast platform is provided with forecast of solar irradiance device and photovoltaic generation powder prediction device in short-term.
5. the solar energy scale for urban settlement according to claim 4 utilizes system, it is characterized in that: the input of described intelligent micro-grid respectively with the output of the described device of forecast of solar irradiance in short-term and photovoltaic generation powder prediction device, and described solar photovoltaic electric energy changed and carried out power transmission and distribution control with the device of generating power for their own use on the spot and be connected with the output of metering device with multiple power transmission and distribution of metering; Its output connect respectively described to solar photovoltaic electric energy change and on the spot self power generation with from the electrical installation of electricity consumption, and the charging of electric automobile and energy storage device, to carry out management and control scheduling.
6. the solar energy scale for urban settlement according to claim 1 utilizes system; it is characterized in that: the use of solar photovoltaic electric energy and the adjustment equipment of storage when described charging electric vehicle and energy storage device are sunny for daytime, the adjustment equipment of the use of this photovoltaic electric energy and storage also comprises earth source heat pump.
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