CN117790952A

CN117790952A - Battery temperature prediction model determining method, battery temperature prediction method and device

Info

Publication number: CN117790952A
Application number: CN202211145687.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张洪洋; 薛剑; 孟莹; 蒙越; 宁昀鹏
Original assignee: Beijing Co Wheels Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Co Wheels Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-09-20
Filing date: 2022-09-20
Publication date: 2024-03-29

Abstract

The disclosure provides a method for determining a battery temperature prediction model, a method and equipment for predicting the battery temperature, which can calculate heat by using a heat calculation formula according to the size of a target battery module in a battery; dividing the target battery module into a plurality of parts, calculating the heat transfer quantity of each part, and calculating the temperature value of the next time step of each part by using a temperature calculation formula according to the heat quantity of the target battery module and the heat transfer quantity of each part; and then when the next time step comes, carrying out parameter identification on parameters in the heat calculation formula and the temperature calculation formula according to the actually detected temperature value, and finally obtaining an identified heat calculation formula and an identified temperature calculation formula to be used for constructing a battery temperature prediction model. The target battery module is divided into a plurality of parts, parameters related to a heat calculation formula and a temperature calculation formula are more conveniently identified, the model construction rate is improved, and the model is ensured to be rapidly adapted to various conditions of the battery.

Description

Battery temperature prediction model determining method, battery temperature prediction method and device

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of battery data prediction technologies, and in particular, to a method for determining a battery temperature prediction model, a method for predicting a battery temperature, and a device for predicting a battery temperature.

Background

The temperature of the battery is predicted by a model obtained by training a neural network, and the model can be regarded as a black box model.

Since the black box model is obtained by training with training data, the training process of the training data consumes a long time, and if the corresponding input amount is outside the training data, a predicted temperature jump may be caused, and the black box model may be limited to the range of the corresponding training data. If the battery condition changes, the input quantity becomes larger than the training data, so that the model outputs a temperature prediction result with larger deviation from the actual temperature of the battery. To avoid this situation, the training data required for the model to utilize the changed battery needs to be retrained, which results in poor wide applicability of the black box model due to the longer training process.

Therefore, how to quickly build a model with universal applicability to accurately predict the temperature of the battery becomes a technical problem to be solved urgently at present.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the foregoing, it is an object of the present application to provide a method for determining a battery temperature prediction model, a method for predicting a battery temperature, and an apparatus for solving or partially solving the above-mentioned problems.

Based on the above object, a first aspect of the present application provides a method for determining a battery temperature prediction model, including:

determining the size of a target battery module, and substituting the size of the target battery module into a heat calculation formula to determine the heat of the target battery module, wherein a plurality of battery modules are arranged in a battery, and the target battery module is at least one of the plurality of battery modules;

dividing the target battery module into a plurality of parts;

calculating the heat transfer quantity of each part, and calculating the temperature value of the next time step of each part by using a temperature calculation formula according to the heat quantity of the target battery module and the heat transfer quantity of each part;

when the next time step arrives, parameter identification is carried out on parameters in a heat calculation formula and a temperature calculation formula according to the difference between the actually detected temperature value and the temperature value of the next time step of each part, so that the calibration of the parameters is completed, and an identified heat calculation formula and an identified temperature calculation formula are obtained;

Generating corresponding calculation units respectively according to the identified heat calculation formula and the identified temperature calculation formula to construct a battery temperature prediction model, setting partial input parameters in the input port corresponding to the identified heat calculation formula and the identified temperature calculation formula in the battery temperature prediction model, and setting calculation results in the output port corresponding to the identified heat calculation formula and the identified temperature calculation formula in the battery temperature prediction model;

the battery temperature prediction model is used for predicting the battery temperature according to the identified heat calculation formula and the identified temperature calculation formula.

Based on the same inventive concept, a second aspect of the present application proposes a battery temperature prediction method, including:

acquiring the corresponding heat exchange liquid flow rate, the water inlet temperature of the heat exchange liquid and the battery temperature of a target battery module of a plurality of battery modules in the battery at the current time step when the battery exchanges heat, and calculating the heat of the target battery module by using an identified heat calculation formula in a battery temperature prediction model, wherein the identified heat calculation formula is obtained by using a pre-obtained heat calculation formula through parameter identification;

Calculating the temperature of each part of the target battery module according to the heat of the target battery module by using an identified temperature calculation formula in the battery temperature prediction model, wherein the target battery module is divided into a plurality of parts, the dividing ratio of each part is determined according to the identified temperature calculation formula, and the identified temperature calculation formula is obtained by using a pre-obtained temperature calculation formula through parameter identification;

determining the battery temperature of the target battery module at the next time step according to the temperature of each part at the next time step, and outputting the battery temperature;

the temperature of the current time step is initially set as an initial value, and the initial value is updated by using the calculated battery temperature of the next time step when the next time step arrives.

Based on the same inventive concept, a third aspect of the present application proposes a determination device of a battery temperature prediction model, including:

a heat determining module configured to determine a size of a target battery module, and to substitute the size of the target battery module into a heat calculating formula to determine heat of the target battery module, wherein a plurality of battery modules are arranged in a battery, and the target battery module is at least one of the plurality of battery modules;

A dividing module configured to divide the target battery module into a plurality of portions;

a temperature calculation module configured to calculate a heat transfer amount of each portion, and calculate a temperature value of a next time step of each portion using a temperature calculation formula according to the heat of the target battery module and the heat transfer amount of each portion;

the identification module is configured to perform parameter identification on parameters in the heat calculation formula and the temperature calculation formula according to the difference between the actually detected temperature value and the temperature value of the next time step of each part when the next time step arrives, so as to calibrate the parameters and obtain an identified heat calculation formula and an identified temperature calculation formula;

the model construction module is configured to respectively generate corresponding calculation units according to the identified heat calculation formula and the identified temperature calculation formula to construct a battery temperature prediction model, set partial input parameters in the input port corresponding to the identified heat calculation formula and the identified temperature calculation formula in the battery temperature prediction model, and set calculation results in the battery temperature prediction model in the output port corresponding to the identified heat calculation formula and the identified temperature calculation formula; the battery temperature prediction model is used for predicting the battery temperature according to the identified heat calculation formula and the identified temperature calculation formula.

Based on the same inventive concept, a fourth aspect of the present application proposes a battery temperature prediction apparatus, comprising:

the heat calculation module is configured to acquire the corresponding heat exchange liquid flow rate, the water inlet temperature of the heat exchange liquid and the battery temperature of a target battery module of a plurality of battery modules in the battery at the current time step when the battery exchanges heat, and calculate the heat of the target battery module by using an identified heat calculation formula in a battery temperature prediction model, wherein the identified heat calculation formula is obtained by using a pre-obtained heat calculation formula through parameter identification processing;

the temperature prediction module is configured to calculate the temperature of each part of the target battery module division in the next time step by utilizing an identified temperature calculation formula in the battery temperature prediction model according to the heat of the target battery module, wherein the target battery module is divided into a plurality of parts, the division ratio of each part is determined according to the identified temperature calculation formula, and the identified temperature calculation formula is obtained by utilizing a pre-obtained temperature calculation formula through parameter identification;

the temperature output module is configured to determine the battery temperature of the target battery module at the next time step according to the temperature of each part at the next time step and output the battery temperature;

Based on the same inventive concept, a fifth aspect of the present application proposes an electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, said processor implementing the method according to the first or second aspect described above when executing said program.

Based on the same inventive concept, a sixth aspect of the present application proposes a non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a computer to perform the method of the first or second aspect.

Based on the same inventive concept, a seventh aspect of the present application proposes a vehicle including: the determination device of the battery temperature prediction model according to the third aspect, or the battery temperature prediction device according to the fourth aspect, or the electronic apparatus according to the fifth aspect, or the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium according to the sixth aspect.

From the above, according to the scheme of the application, any battery module in the battery can be used as a target battery module, the size of the target battery module is determined, and the heat of the target battery module is calculated according to a heat calculation formula; dividing the target battery module into a plurality of parts, calculating the heat transfer quantity of each part, and calculating the temperature value of the next time step of each part by using a temperature calculation formula according to the heat quantity of the target battery module and the heat transfer quantity of each part; and then when the next time step arrives, carrying out parameter identification on parameters in the heat calculation formula and the temperature calculation formula according to the difference between the actually detected temperature value and the temperature value of the next time step of each part to finish the parameter calibration process, and finally obtaining an identified heat calculation formula and an identified temperature calculation formula to be used for constructing a battery temperature prediction model. The target battery module is divided into a plurality of parts, parameters related to a heat calculation formula and a temperature calculation formula are more conveniently subjected to parameter identification processing, parameters in the two formulas are only required to be calibrated in a parameter identification process, and the data amount required in the parameter identification process is small, so that the time consumed in the parameter identification process is small, the time required by model construction is shortened, the model construction rate is further improved, and because the time consumed by model construction is small, if the condition of a battery changes, the parameter identification process can be rapidly completed again by utilizing the new actually detected temperature to the heat calculation formula and the temperature calculation formula in the model according to the change condition of the battery, and thus the model can be rapidly adjusted according to different conditions of the battery, further the model can be rapidly adapted to various conditions of the battery, and the wide applicability of the model is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application or related art, the drawings that are required to be used in the description of the embodiments or related art will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort to those of ordinary skill in the art.

FIG. 1A is a flow chart of a method of determining a battery prediction model according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 1B is a schematic diagram of a battery according to an embodiment of the present application after the first end battery module is divided into three parts;

FIG. 2A is a flow chart of a battery prediction method according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2B is a schematic diagram of a simulated battery temperature difference and an experimental battery temperature difference obtained by predicting a battery temperature using identification data according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2C is a schematic diagram of a simulated battery temperature difference and an experimental battery temperature difference obtained by predicting a battery temperature using other working conditions according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a battery prediction model determination device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a block diagram of a battery prediction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure may be more clearly understood, a further description of aspects of the present disclosure will be provided below. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present disclosure and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure may be practiced otherwise than as described herein; it will be apparent that the embodiments in the specification are only some, but not all, embodiments of the disclosure.

The embodiment of the application provides a method for determining a battery temperature prediction model, wherein the battery and heat exchange liquid required by heat exchange are considered to meet the characteristic that the temperature does not change (namely, a steady-state condition is met) within a time step in the process of implementing the method of the embodiment, and the heat exchange liquid is preferably water.

As shown in fig. 1A, includes:

step 101, determining the size of a target battery module, and substituting the size of the target battery module into a heat calculation formula to determine the heat of the target battery module, wherein a plurality of battery modules are arranged in a battery, and the target battery module is at least one of the plurality of battery modules.

In the implementation, each battery is formed by arranging a plurality of battery modules, and the specific arrangement mode can be arranged side by side or in a matrix mode, and the specific arrangement mode is determined according to actual conditions. Wherein, a battery module is formed by combining a plurality of electric cores.

When the target battery module in the battery is selected, because the heat exchange efficiency of the two battery modules at the two ends of the battery is different and is more representative, the two battery modules at the two ends of the battery are selected as the target battery modules respectively to participate in the calculation process.

In some embodiments, the determining of the thermal calculation formula includes, prior to step 101:

and A, determining an energy conservation formula corresponding to heat absorption of heat exchange liquid and a heat exchange formula of a battery, and combining the energy conservation formula with the heat exchange formula to obtain the heat calculation formula, wherein the heat exchange liquid is used for exchanging heat with the battery.

In the specific implementation, an energy conservation formula can be constructed according to the specific condition of the battery, and the heat exchange formula of the battery is obtained by carrying out conversion treatment of equivalent parameters based on the energy conservation formula, so that the two formulas can be combined, and the heat calculation formula is obtained by carrying out equivalent treatment or offset treatment on some parameters, thereby being convenient for calculating the heat required by the battery under various conditions based on the heat calculation formula.

In some embodiments, step a comprises:

step A1, determining an energy conservation formula corresponding to heat absorption of heat exchange liquid: q=m·c _p ·dT _w Wherein Q is heat, C _p Constant-pressure specific heat of heat exchange liquid used for heat exchange of battery, m is heat exchange liquid flow, T _w Is the temperature of the heat exchange liquid.

In specific implementation, under a steady-state condition, the heat exchange liquid absorbs heat to change the temperature of the heat exchange liquid, so that the energy conservation formula can be obtained according to the energy conservation theorem.

Step A2, determining an initial heat exchange formula according to a heat exchange process of the battery and heat exchange liquid: q=α·da· (T _B -T _W )＝α·L _C dx·(T _B -T _W ) Wherein alpha is a heat exchange coefficient, A is a heat exchange area, L _C For the characteristic length of the battery, T _B And x is a position parameter.

In the specific implementation, the source of the battery temperature change is the heat exchange between the battery and the heat exchange liquid, so that the corresponding initial heat exchange formula can be obtained, wherein the alpha heat exchange coefficient can be obtained by looking up a table according to the material of the battery and the material of the heat exchange liquid, the A heat exchange area can be obtained according to actual measurement, and L _C Can be obtained according to the corresponding heat exchange area of unit length, T _B The temperature of the battery can be obtained according to detection or calculation, and x can be obtained according to the actual detection position of the battery.

Step A3, the energy conservationThe constant formula and the initial heat exchange formula are combined, and the length from the heat exchange inlet to the heat exchange outlet of the battery is subjected to integral treatment to obtain the heat exchange formula as follows:wherein T is _W，out T is the heat exchange outlet temperature value _W，in Is the heat exchange inlet temperature value.

And A4, combining the heat exchange formula with the energy conservation formula to obtain a heat calculation formula:wherein Q is _L T is the heat of the battery with the length L _in Is the heat exchange inlet temperature value of the battery with the length L.

In specific implementation, after the heat exchange formula and the energy conservation formula are combined, lc×l is used as a to replace a, so that the heat calculation formula can be obtained.

Through the technical scheme, the obtained heat calculation formula can be ensured to be more in line with the characteristics of heat exchange of the battery, further, the heat value obtained by the follow-up calculation process based on the heat calculation formula is ensured to be more in line with the characteristics of heat exchange of the battery, and the accuracy of heat calculation is ensured.

The battery may be correspondingly divided into a first end and a second end, wherein the first end is a front end of the battery, and the second end is a rear end of the battery. The first end is the hottest end under the heating working condition, the second end is the coldest end under the cooling working condition, and the second end is the hottest end.

In some embodiments, step 101 comprises:

step 101a1, determining first position information (L11, L12) of a battery module at a first end of the battery as the target battery module.

Step 101a2, determining a first central temperature section (0, L1) coinciding with the central temperature of the battery module at the first end according to the first position information.

In practice, since the temperature profile inside the battery is continuous, the average temperature of the (L11, L12) battery module can be converted into the center temperature of the (0, L1), (L11L 12) segment and the center temperature of the (0, L1) segment coincide.

Step 101a3, calculating the heat Q of the battery module at the first end according to the position of the first central temperature section by using the heat calculation formula _L1 ：

Through the scheme, the calculation formula corresponding to the heat of the battery module at the first end is determined, the difficulty in parameter identification in the later stage can be reduced, and the temperature prediction precision of the battery temperature prediction model constructed later is improved.

In some embodiments, step 101 further comprises:

step 101b1, determining second position information (L21, L22) of the battery module at the second end of the battery as the target battery module.

And step 101b2, determining a second central temperature section (L2, L) overlapped with the central temperature of the battery module at the second end according to the second position information.

In practice, since the temperature profile inside the battery is continuous, the average temperature of the (L21, L22) battery module can be converted into the center temperature of the (L2, L), (L21, L22) segment and the center temperature of the (L2, L) segment overlap.

Step 101b3, according to the position of the second central temperature section, using the heat calculation formula to calculate the heat Q of the battery module at the second end _L2 The heat of L2 length should be subtracted from the heat of the battery as a whole, then Q _L2 The calculation formula is as follows:

through the scheme, the calculation formula corresponding to the heat of the battery module at the second end is determined, the difficulty in parameter identification in the later period can be reduced, and the temperature prediction precision of the battery temperature prediction model constructed later is improved.

And 102, dividing the target battery module into a plurality of parts.

In specific implementation, as shown in fig. 1B, the battery module corresponding to the selected first end is divided as a target battery module, and may be divided into a plurality of parts, for example, two parts, three parts, four parts, and the like.

In some embodiments, the target battery module is divided into at least three parts, specifically, a first part (e.g., part a in fig. 1B), a second part (e.g., part B in fig. 1B), and a third part (e.g., part c in fig. 1B) according to a predetermined ratio.

In specific implementation, the corresponding predetermined proportion can be initially divided according to the requirement of a user, the proportion of each part of the battery pack corresponding to the specific implementation is greater than 0.01, and the proportion of each part is added to be equal to 1. Specifically, the target battery modules may be divided according to a predetermined ratio of heights, for example, initially, the predetermined ratio of corresponding heights is: 0.1:0.8:0.1. The predetermined ratio is correspondingly adjusted in the subsequent parameter identification process.

In addition, the battery module at the second end may be selected as the target battery module, and the corresponding dividing process is the same as that described above, and will not be described again here.

And 103, calculating the heat transfer quantity of each part, and calculating the temperature value of the next time step of each part by using a temperature calculation formula according to the heat quantity of the target battery module and the heat transfer quantity of each part.

In some embodiments, step 103 comprises:

Step 1031, calculating a first heat transfer amount of the first portion and the second portion at a current time step according to the heat transfer formula.

In some embodiments, step 1031 comprises:

step 10311, obtaining a length L of the battery, and a temperature value of the first portion at a current time step kT _a，k And the temperature value T of the second part at the current time step k _b，k 。

In particular, the first part has a temperature value T at the current time step k _a，k The temperature value of the first part calculated at the last time step k-1 may be; the temperature value T of the second part at the current time step k _b，k The temperature value of the second part calculated at the last time step k-1 may be.

Step 10312, calculating the first heat transfer quantity Q of the first portion and the second portion at the current time step k using a first heat transfer formula _atob,k The first heat conduction formula is:where λ is the thermal conductivity, and a is the thermal conduction area.

Through the scheme, the first heat transfer quantity between the divided first part and the divided second part can be more accurately determined, so that heat quantity transmitted from the first part to the corresponding heat quantity of the second part can be known, and the temperature value calculation of the next time step can be conveniently carried out later.

Step 1032, calculating a first heat quantity difference between the heat quantity of the current time step of the target battery module and the first heat transfer quantity, and substituting the first heat quantity difference into the temperature calculation formula to calculate a first temperature value of the next time step of the first part.

In practice, if the target battery module is the battery module of the first terminal, the above calculation of Q can be utilized _L1 Corresponding formula calculates heat of current time stepIf the target battery module is the battery module of the second stage, the above calculation of Q can be utilized _L2 The corresponding formula calculates the heat of the current time step +.>

The method specifically expresses the condition that the target battery module is the battery module at the first end, and the calculation process and the parameter identification process of the corresponding formula of the battery module corresponding to the second section are the same.

In some embodiments, step 1032 comprises:

step 10321, calculating heat of the target battery module at the current time step kWith the first heat transfer quantity Q _atob,k Is of the first heat quantity difference Q _L1,k -Q _atob,k 。

Step 10322, substituting the first heat difference into the temperature calculation formula to calculate a first temperature value T of the next time step of the first portion _a,k+1 The formula is as follows:wherein C is _p Constant pressure specific heat, m of heat exchange liquid for heat exchange of battery _a A flow rate of the heat exchange liquid for the first portion.

According to the scheme, the temperature value of the next time step corresponding to the first part can be accurately calculated, and then the parameters in the formula are subsequently identified according to the actually measured temperature based on the temperature value, so that the parameters required in the formula are more in line with the actual conditions of the corresponding battery modules.

Step 1033, calculating a second heat transfer amount of the second portion and the third portion at the current time step according to the heat transfer formula.

In some embodiments, step 1033 includes:

step 10331, obtaining the temperature value T of the third portion at the current time step k _c,k 。

In particular, the third part has a temperature value T at the current time step k _c,k The temperature value of the third part calculated at the last time step k-1 may be.

Step 10332, calculating the second transfer of the second portion and the third portion at the current time step k using a second heat transfer formulaHeat Q _btoc,k The second heat conduction formula is:wherein A is _equ Is the equivalent heat transfer area between the second portion and the third portion.

Through the scheme, the second heat transfer quantity between the divided second part and the third part can be more accurately determined, so that the heat quantity transmitted from the second part to the corresponding heat quantity of the third part can be known, and the temperature value calculation of the next time step can be conveniently carried out later.

Step 1034, calculating a second heat quantity difference between the first heat transfer quantity and the second heat transfer quantity, substituting the second heat quantity difference into the temperature calculation formula, and calculating a second temperature value of a next time step of the second portion.

In some embodiments, step 1034 includes:

step 10341, calculating the first heat transfer quantity Q _atob,k With the second heat transfer quantity Q _btoc,k Second calorimetric difference Q of (2) _atob,k -Q _btoc,k 。

Step 10342, substituting the second difference in heat into the temperature calculation formula to calculate a second temperature value T of the next time step of the second portion _b,k+1 The formula is as follows:wherein m is _b A flow rate of the heat exchange liquid for the second portion.

Through the scheme, the temperature value of the next time step corresponding to the second part can be accurately calculated, and then the parameters in the formula are subsequently identified according to the actually measured temperature based on the temperature value, so that the parameters required in the formula are more in line with the actual situation of the corresponding battery module (for example, the battery module at the first end or the battery module at the second end).

Step 1035, substituting the second heat transfer amount into the temperature calculation formula to calculate a third temperature value of a next time step of a third portion.

In some embodiments, step 1035 comprises:

The second heat transfer quantity Q _btoc,k Substituting the temperature calculation formula to calculate a third temperature value T of the next time step of the third part _c,k+1 The formula is as follows:wherein m is _c And the flow rate of the heat exchange liquid is the third part.

Through the scheme, the temperature value of the next time step corresponding to the third part can be accurately calculated, and then the parameters in the formula are subsequently identified according to the actually measured temperature based on the temperature value, so that the parameters required in the formula are more in line with the actual situation of the corresponding battery module (for example, the battery module at the first end or the battery module at the second end).

104, when the next time step arrives, carrying out parameter identification on parameters in the heat calculation formula and the temperature calculation formula according to the difference between the actually detected temperature value and the temperature value of the next time step of each part, and obtaining an identified heat calculation formula and an identified temperature calculation formula.

In some embodiments, step 104 comprises:

in step 1041, when the next time step arrives, actually detecting to obtain the measured temperature values of each part.

In particular, in this embodiment, the target battery module may be split into multiple portions to facilitate the decomposition and calculation of the corresponding temperature values, for example, in the above embodiment, the target battery module is split into three portions, but the dividing ratios of the three portions may be initially divided according to the corresponding initial ratios.

Step 1042, according to the distribution ratio of the measured temperature value to each part of the target battery module and A _equ And carrying out parameter identification, and determining an identified heat calculation formula and an identified temperature calculation formula according to an identification result.

In specific implementation, a corresponding temperature sensor is arranged on the target battery module and can detect an actual temperature value. The temperature sensor 1 provided in fig. 1B, for example, is capable of detecting a temperature value of a third portion (portion c) of the battery module at the first end; as another example, the temperature sensor 2 provided in fig. 1B is capable of detecting a temperature value of the third portion of the battery module at the second end. And executing a global search algorithm or a Newton descent algorithm according to the measured temperature value to identify parameters of the heat calculation formula and the temperature calculation formula. The identified heat calculation formula and the identified temperature calculation formula can be obtained, so that the accuracy of calculation of the identified heat calculation formula and the identified temperature calculation formula can be ensured to be higher.

Distribution conditions and A of each part mainly aiming at target battery division in parameter identification process _equ And the parameters and other parameters and formulas related to the parameters are correspondingly identified and adjusted, so that the finally obtained identified heat calculation formula and the finally obtained identified temperature calculation formula are more in line with the running conditions of the corresponding batteries, and the accuracy and the adaptability of the battery temperature prediction model constructed by the parameters are further ensured.

And 105, constructing a battery temperature prediction model according to the identified heat calculation formula and the identified temperature difference algorithm, wherein the battery temperature prediction model is used for predicting the battery temperature according to the identified heat calculation formula and the identified temperature calculation formula.

By the technical scheme, any battery module in the battery can be used as a target battery module, the size of the target battery module is determined, and the heat of the target battery module is calculated according to a heat calculation formula; dividing the target battery module into a plurality of parts, calculating the heat transfer quantity of each part, and calculating the temperature value of the next time step of each part by using a temperature calculation formula according to the heat quantity of the target battery module and the heat transfer quantity of each part; and then when the next time step arrives, carrying out parameter identification on parameters in the heat calculation formula and the temperature calculation formula according to the difference between the actually detected temperature value and the temperature value of the next time step of each part to finish the parameter calibration process, and finally obtaining an identified heat calculation formula and an identified temperature calculation formula to be used for constructing a battery temperature prediction model. The target battery module is divided into a plurality of parts, parameters related to a heat calculation formula and a temperature calculation formula are more conveniently subjected to parameter identification processing, parameters in the two formulas are only required to be calibrated in a parameter identification process, and the data amount required in the parameter identification process is small, so that the time consumed in the parameter identification process is small, the time required by model construction is shortened, the model construction rate is further improved, and because the time consumed by model construction is small, if the condition of a battery changes, the parameter identification process can be rapidly completed again by utilizing the new actually detected temperature to the heat calculation formula and the temperature calculation formula in the model according to the change condition of the battery, and thus the model can be rapidly adjusted according to different conditions of the battery, further the model can be rapidly adapted to various conditions of the battery, and the wide applicability of the model is improved.

Based on the same inventive concept, the battery temperature prediction method provided by the application processes the battery temperature prediction model obtained by using the method for determining the battery temperature prediction model in the embodiment.

As shown in fig. 2A, the battery temperature prediction method includes:

step 201, obtaining the flow rate of the heat exchange liquid, the water inlet temperature of the heat exchange liquid and the battery temperature of the target battery module of the plurality of battery modules in the battery at the current time step, which correspond to the heat exchange of the battery, and calculating the heat of the target battery module by using an identified heat calculation formula in a battery temperature prediction model, wherein the identified heat calculation formula is obtained by using a pre-obtained heat calculation formula through parameter identification processing.

Step 202, calculating the temperature of each part of the target battery module according to the heat of the target battery module by using an identified temperature calculation formula in the battery temperature prediction model, wherein the target battery module is divided into a plurality of parts, the dividing ratio of each part is determined according to the identified temperature calculation formula, and the identified temperature calculation formula is obtained by using a pre-obtained temperature calculation formula through parameter identification processing.

And 203, determining the battery temperature of the target battery module at the next time step according to the temperature of each part at the next time step, and outputting the battery temperature.

In specific implementation, the identified heat calculation formula comprises:

the formula of the battery module at the first end is:

the formula of the battery module at the second end is as follows:

the identified temperature calculation formula comprises:

the heat conduction formula of the first part and the second part in the battery module of the first end:

the first part corresponds to the temperature calculation formula of the next time step:wherein->Is made use of Q _L1 Is calculated at time step k.

The heat conduction formula of the second part and the third part:

the temperature calculation formula for the next time step of the second part:

the temperature calculation formula for the next time step of the third section:

the battery module corresponding to the second end is the same as the formula, namely, the obtained formula is utilized:calculated +.>By->Instead of +. >And the identified distribution proportion and the parameter A of the divided multiple parts corresponding to the battery module of the second end _equ And (3) correspondingly replacing the value of the battery module to obtain a prediction algorithm formula of the temperature value of each part of the battery module at the second end.

All parameters in the formula are accurate results after parameter identification, so that the flow m of the heat exchange liquid and the inlet temperature T of the heat exchange liquid needed by the corresponding battery module in the battery are calculated _in And the battery temperature T of the current time step _B Substituting the corresponding heat calculation formula can obtain the corresponding heat of the battery module. Then calculating the temperature of each part of the next time step according to the temperature calculation formula of the corresponding battery module, and then averaging the temperatures of each part or carrying out weighted summation operation to obtain the battery temperature of the next time step of the battery module, thereby obtaining the battery prediction resultAnd (5) outputting. Other parameters in the formula are all known constant values.

This is because the battery prediction model can be adapted to various conditions of the battery, for example, can be adapted to HIL (Hardware in the loop, hardware in loop), vehicle MPC (Model Predictive Control ) thermal management control, and the like.

Fig. 2B is a graph of a simulated battery temperature difference (i.e., a corresponding predicted temperature difference between a first end and a second end) and an experimental battery temperature difference (i.e., a corresponding measured temperature difference between the first end and the second end) obtained by predicting the battery temperature using the identification data for parameter identification.

FIG. 2C is a graph of a simulated battery temperature difference (i.e., a corresponding predicted temperature difference between a first end and a second end) versus an experimental battery temperature difference (i.e., a corresponding measured temperature difference between the first end and the second end) using other conditions than the identification data for battery temperature prediction.

According to the 2 graphs, the temperature data obtained by predicting the battery prediction model under various working conditions has smaller phase difference with the actual temperature data, and the accuracy is higher.

It should be noted that in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

It should be noted that, the method of the embodiments of the present application may be performed by a single device, for example, a computer or a server. The method of the embodiment can also be applied to a distributed scene, and is completed by mutually matching a plurality of devices. In the case of such a distributed scenario, one of the devices may perform only one or more steps of the methods of embodiments of the present application, and the devices may interact with each other to complete the methods.

It should be noted that some embodiments of the present application are described above. Other embodiments are within the scope of the following claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims may be performed in a different order than in the embodiments described above and still achieve desirable results. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying figures do not necessarily require the particular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve desirable results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

Based on the same inventive concept, corresponding to the method for determining a battery temperature prediction model in any of the above embodiments, the present application further provides a device for determining a battery temperature prediction model, as shown in fig. 3, including:

A heat determining module 31 configured to determine a size of a target battery module, and to substitute the size of the target battery module into a heat calculating formula to determine heat of the target battery module, wherein a plurality of battery modules are provided in a battery, the target battery module being at least one of the plurality of battery modules;

a dividing module 32 configured to divide the target battery module into a plurality of portions;

a temperature calculation module 33 configured to calculate a heat transfer amount of each part, and calculate a temperature value of a next time step of each part using a temperature calculation formula according to the heat of the target battery module and the heat transfer amount of each part;

the identifying module 34 is configured to perform parameter identification on parameters in the heat calculation formula and the temperature calculation formula according to the difference between the actually detected temperature value and the temperature value of the next time step of each part when the next time step arrives, so as to calibrate the parameters and obtain an identified heat calculation formula and an identified temperature calculation formula;

a model construction module 35 configured to generate corresponding calculation units according to the identified heat calculation formula and the identified temperature calculation formula, respectively, to construct a battery temperature prediction model, to set partial input parameters in the battery temperature prediction model, the input ports of which correspond to the identified heat calculation formula and the identified temperature calculation formula, and to set calculation results in the battery temperature prediction model, the output ports of which correspond to the identified heat calculation formula and the identified temperature calculation formula; the battery temperature prediction model is used for predicting the battery temperature according to the identified heat calculation formula and the identified temperature calculation formula.

In some embodiments, the partitioning module 32 is further configured to:

dividing the target battery module into at least: a first portion, a second portion, and a third portion.

In some embodiments, the temperature calculation module 33 is further configured to:

calculating a first heat transfer quantity of the first part and the second part at the current time step according to a heat conduction formula;

calculating a first heat quantity difference between the heat of the current time step of the target battery module and the first heat transfer quantity, and substituting the first heat quantity difference into the temperature calculation formula to calculate a first temperature value of the next time step of the first part;

calculating a second heat transfer quantity of the second part and the third part at the current time step according to the heat conduction formula;

calculating a second heat quantity difference between the first heat transfer quantity and the second heat transfer quantity, substituting the second heat quantity difference into the temperature calculation formula to calculate a second temperature value of the next time step of the second part;

substituting the second heat transfer amount into the temperature calculation formula to calculate a third temperature value of a next time step of a third portion.

acquiring the length L of the battery and the temperature value T of the first part at the current time step k _a，k And the temperature value T of the second part at the current time step k _b，k ；

Calculating the first heat transfer quantity Q of the first part and the second part at the current time step k by using a first heat conduction formula _atob,k The first heat conduction formula is:wherein lambda is the heat conduction coefficient, A is the heat conduction area;

the calculating a first heat quantity difference between the heat of the target battery module and the first heat transfer quantity, substituting the first heat quantity difference into the temperature calculation formula to calculate a first temperature value of a next time step of the first part includes:

calculating the heat Q of the target battery module at the current time step k _L1,k With the first heat transfer quantity Q _atob,k Is of the first heat quantity difference Q _L1,k -Q _atob,k ；

Substituting the first heat difference into the temperature calculation formula to calculate a first temperature value T of the next time step of the first part _a,k+1 The formula is as follows:wherein C is _p Constant pressure specific heat, m of heat exchange liquid for heat exchange of battery _a A flow rate of the heat exchange liquid for the first portion.

obtaining the temperature value T of the third part at the current time step k _c,k ；

Calculating the second heat transfer quantity Q of the second part and the third part at the current time step k by using a second heat conduction formula _btoc,k The second heat conduction formulaThe method comprises the following steps:wherein A is _equ Is an equivalent heat transfer area between the second portion and the third portion;

said calculating a second heat quantity difference between said first heat transfer quantity and said second heat transfer quantity, substituting said second heat quantity difference into said temperature calculation formula to calculate a second temperature value for a next time step of said second portion, comprising:

calculating the first heat transfer quantity Q _atob,k With the second heat transfer quantity Q _btoc,k Second calorimetric difference Q of (2) _atob,k -Q _btoc,k ；

Substituting the second difference into the temperature calculation formula to calculate a second temperature value T of the next time step of the second part _b,k+1 The formula is as follows:wherein m is _b A flow rate of heat exchange liquid for the second portion;

substituting the second heat transfer amount into the temperature calculation formula to calculate a third temperature value of a next time step of a third portion, comprising:

In some embodiments, the recognition module 34 is further configured to:

when the next time step arrives, actually detecting to obtain actual measured temperature values of all parts;

The distribution proportion of each part of the target battery module is divided according to the measured temperature value and A _equ Performing parameter identification, and determining an identified heat calculation formula according to an identification resultAnd determining the identified temperature calculation formula.

In some embodiments, the heat determination module 31 is further configured to:

and determining an energy conservation formula corresponding to heat absorption of the heat exchange liquid and a heat exchange formula of the battery, and combining the energy conservation formula with the heat exchange formula to obtain the heat calculation formula, wherein the heat exchange liquid is used for exchanging heat with the battery.

In some embodiments, the heat determination module 31 is further configured to:

determining an energy conservation formula corresponding to heat absorption of heat exchange liquid: q=m·c _p ·dT _w Wherein Q is heat, C _p Constant-pressure specific heat of heat exchange liquid used for heat exchange of battery, m is heat exchange liquid flow, T _w The water temperature of the heat exchange liquid;

determining an initial heat exchange formula according to a heat exchange process of the battery and the heat exchange liquid: q=α·da· (T _B -T _W )＝α·L _C dx·(T _B -T _W ) Wherein alpha is a heat exchange coefficient, A is a heat exchange area, L _C For the characteristic length of the battery, T _B The temperature of the battery is shown, and x is a position parameter;

the energy conservation formula and the initial heat exchange formula are combined, and the length from the heat exchange inlet to the heat exchange outlet of the battery is subjected to integral treatment to obtain the heat exchange formula which is: Wherein T is _W，out T is the heat exchange outlet temperature value _W，in Is the heat exchange inlet temperature value;

and combining the heat exchange formula and the energy conservation formula to obtain a heat calculation formula:wherein Q is _L T is the heat of the battery with the length L _in Is the heat exchange inlet temperature value of the battery with the length L.

In some embodiments, the heat determination module 31 is further configured to:

taking a battery module at a first end of the battery as the target battery module, and determining first position information of the battery module at the first end;

determining a first central temperature section (0, L1) coinciding with a central temperature of the battery module of the first end according to the first position information;

calculating the heat Q of the battery module at the first end according to the position of the first central temperature section by using the heat calculation formula _L1 ：

In some embodiments, the heat determination module 31 is further configured to:

taking a battery module at a second end of the battery as the target battery module, and determining second position information of the battery module at the second end;

determining a second central temperature segment (L2, L) coinciding with the central temperature of the battery module of the second end according to the second position information;

According to the position of the second central temperature section, the heat Q of the battery module at the second end is calculated by using the heat calculation formula _L2 The heat of L2 length should be subtracted from the heat of the battery as a whole, then Q _L2 The calculation formula is as follows:

based on the same inventive concept, corresponding to the battery temperature prediction method of any of the above embodiments, the present application further provides a battery temperature prediction apparatus, as shown in fig. 4, including:

the heat calculating module 41 is configured to obtain a corresponding heat exchange liquid flow rate, a corresponding heat exchange liquid inlet temperature and a corresponding battery temperature of a target battery module of the plurality of battery modules in the battery at a current time step when the battery exchanges heat, and calculate heat of the target battery module by using an identified heat calculating formula in a battery temperature prediction model, wherein the identified heat calculating formula is obtained by using a pre-obtained heat calculating formula through parameter identification processing;

a temperature prediction module 42 configured to calculate temperatures of each of the portions divided by the target battery module at a next time step using an identified temperature calculation formula in the battery temperature prediction model according to the heat of the target battery module, wherein the target battery module is divided into a plurality of portions, the division ratio of each portion is determined according to the identified temperature calculation formula, and the identified temperature calculation formula is obtained by performing parameter identification processing using a temperature calculation formula obtained in advance;

A temperature output module 43 configured to determine a battery temperature of the target battery module at a next time step from a temperature of each portion at the next time step and output;

For convenience of description, the above devices are described as being functionally divided into various modules, respectively. Of course, the functions of each module may be implemented in the same piece or pieces of software and/or hardware when implementing the present application.

The device of the foregoing embodiment is configured to implement the corresponding method in any of the foregoing embodiments, and has the beneficial effects of the corresponding method embodiment, which is not described herein.

Based on the same inventive concept, the application also provides an electronic device corresponding to the method of any embodiment, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and capable of running on the processor, where the processor implements the method of any embodiment when executing the program.

Fig. 5 shows a more specific hardware architecture of an electronic device according to this embodiment, where the device may include: a processor 1010, a memory 1020, an input/output interface 1030, a communication interface 1040, and a bus 1050. Wherein processor 1010, memory 1020, input/output interface 1030, and communication interface 1040 implement communication connections therebetween within the device via a bus 1050.

The processor 1010 may be implemented by a general-purpose CPU (Central Processing Unit ), microprocessor, application specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits, etc. for executing relevant programs to implement the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

The Memory 1020 may be implemented in the form of ROM (Read Only Memory), RAM (Random Access Memory ), static storage device, dynamic storage device, or the like. Memory 1020 may store an operating system and other application programs, and when the embodiments of the present specification are implemented in software or firmware, the associated program code is stored in memory 1020 and executed by processor 1010.

The input/output interface 1030 is used to connect with an input/output module for inputting and outputting information. The input/output module may be configured as a component in a device (not shown) or may be external to the device to provide corresponding functionality. Wherein the input devices may include a keyboard, mouse, touch screen, microphone, various types of sensors, etc., and the output devices may include a display, speaker, vibrator, indicator lights, etc.

Communication interface 1040 is used to connect communication modules (not shown) to enable communication interactions of the present device with other devices. The communication module may implement communication through a wired manner (such as USB, network cable, etc.), or may implement communication through a wireless manner (such as mobile network, WIFI, bluetooth, etc.).

Bus 1050 includes a path for transferring information between components of the device (e.g., processor 1010, memory 1020, input/output interface 1030, and communication interface 1040).

It should be noted that although the above-described device only shows processor 1010, memory 1020, input/output interface 1030, communication interface 1040, and bus 1050, in an implementation, the device may include other components necessary to achieve proper operation. Furthermore, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the above-described apparatus may include only the components necessary to implement the embodiments of the present description, and not all the components shown in the drawings.

The electronic device of the foregoing embodiment is configured to implement the corresponding method in any of the foregoing embodiments, and has the beneficial effects of the corresponding method embodiment, which is not described herein.

Based on the same inventive concept, corresponding to any of the above-described embodiments of the method, the present application also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing the computer to perform the method as described in any of the above-described embodiments.

The computer readable media of the present embodiments, including both permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media, may be used to implement information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of storage media for a computer include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static Random Access Memory (SRAM), dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), read Only Memory (ROM), electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), digital Versatile Discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium, which can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device.

The storage medium of the above embodiment stores computer instructions for causing the computer to execute the XX method according to any one of the above embodiments, and has the advantages of the corresponding method embodiments, which are not described herein.

Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present application also proposes a vehicle including: the apparatus for determining a battery temperature prediction model according to the above embodiment, the apparatus for predicting a battery temperature according to the above embodiment, the electronic device according to the above embodiment, or the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium according to the above embodiment.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: the discussion of any of the embodiments above is merely exemplary and is not intended to suggest that the scope of the application (including the claims) is limited to these examples; the technical features of the above embodiments or in the different embodiments may also be combined within the idea of the present application, the steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the embodiments of the present application as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity.

Additionally, well-known power/ground connections to Integrated Circuit (IC) chips and other components may or may not be shown within the provided figures, in order to simplify the illustration and discussion, and so as not to obscure the embodiments of the present application. Furthermore, the devices may be shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the embodiments of the present application, and this also takes into account the fact that specifics with respect to implementation of such block diagram devices are highly dependent upon the platform on which the embodiments of the present application are to be implemented (i.e., such specifics should be well within purview of one skilled in the art). Where specific details (e.g., circuits) are set forth in order to describe example embodiments of the application, it should be apparent to one skilled in the art that embodiments of the application can be practiced without, or with variation of, these specific details. Accordingly, the description is to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not as restrictive.

While the present application has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments thereof, many alternatives, modifications, and variations of those embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing description. For example, other memory architectures (e.g., dynamic RAM (DRAM)) may use the embodiments discussed.

The present embodiments are intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variances which fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Accordingly, any omissions, modifications, equivalents, improvements and/or the like which are within the spirit and principles of the embodiments are intended to be included within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for determining a battery temperature prediction model, comprising:

dividing the target battery module into a plurality of parts;

2. The method of determining a battery temperature prediction model according to claim 1, wherein the dividing the target battery module into a plurality of parts comprises:

3. The method of determining a battery temperature prediction model according to claim 2, wherein the calculating the heat transfer amount of each part, based on the heat of the target battery module and the heat transfer amount of each part, calculates the temperature value of the next time step of each part using a temperature calculation formula, comprises:

4. A method of determining a battery temperature prediction model according to claim 3, wherein calculating a first heat transfer amount of the first portion and the second portion at a current time step according to a heat transfer formula comprises:

acquiring the length L of the battery and the first part at the current time stepTemperature value T of k _a，k And the temperature value T of the second part at the current time step k _b，k ；

calculating the heat quantity of the target battery module at the current time step kIs +.>First heat quantity difference ∈10>

5. The method of determining a battery temperature prediction model according to claim 4, wherein the calculating the second heat transfer amount of the second portion and the third portion at the current time step according to the heat transfer formula includes:

Calculating the second heat transfer quantity Q of the second part and the third part at the current time step k by using a second heat conduction formula _btoc,k The second heat conduction formula is:wherein A is _equ Is an equivalent heat transfer area between the second portion and the third portion;

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the step of performing parameter identification on the heat calculation formula and the parameters in the temperature calculation formula according to the difference between the actually detected temperature value and the temperature value of the next time step of each part when the next time step arrives, to obtain an identified heat calculation formula and an identified temperature calculation formula, comprises:

the distribution proportion of each part of the target battery module is divided according to the measured temperature value and A _equ And carrying out parameter identification, and determining an identified heat calculation formula and an identified temperature calculation formula according to an identification result.

7. The method of determining a battery temperature prediction model according to claim 1, wherein the determining of the heat calculation formula includes:

8. The method for determining a battery temperature prediction model according to claim 7, wherein determining an energy conservation formula corresponding to heat absorption of a heat exchange liquid and a heat exchange formula of a battery, and combining the energy conservation formula and the heat exchange formula to obtain the heat calculation formula comprises:

determining initial heat exchange according to heat exchange process of battery and heat exchange liquidThe formula: q=α·da· (T _B -T _W )＝α·L _C dx·(T _B -T _W ) Wherein alpha is a heat exchange coefficient, A is a heat exchange area, L _C For the characteristic length of the battery, T _B The temperature of the battery is shown, and x is a position parameter;

the energy conservation formula and the initial heat exchange formula are combined, and the length from the heat exchange inlet to the heat exchange outlet of the battery is subjected to integral treatment to obtain the heat exchange formula which is:wherein T is _W，out T is the heat exchange outlet temperature value _W，in Is the heat exchange inlet temperature value;

9. The method of determining a battery temperature prediction model according to claim 8, wherein the determining the size of the target battery module, substituting the size of the target battery module into a heat calculation formula to determine the heat of the target battery module, comprises:

10. The method of determining a battery temperature prediction model according to claim 8, wherein the determining the size of the target battery module, substituting the size of the target battery module into a heat calculation formula to determine the heat of the target battery module, comprises:

11. a battery temperature prediction method, comprising:

12. A battery temperature prediction model determination apparatus, comprising:

13. A battery temperature prediction apparatus, comprising:

14. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 11 when the program is executed by the processor.

15. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 11.

16. A vehicle, characterized by comprising: the determination device of the battery temperature prediction model of claim 12, or the battery temperature prediction device of claim 13, or the electronic apparatus of claim 14, or the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 15.