CN117787923A - BIM-based foundation pit excavation construction management method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a foundation pit excavation construction management method based on BIM, which belongs to the technical field of foundation pit excavation, and comprises the following steps: preparing a model, establishing a foundation pit comprehensive model, making a foundation pit excavation construction plan, constructing a road design deduction, designing a drainage system, constructing a construction progress deduction, checking and accepting a construction progress and checking and accepting a construction precision. According to the foundation pit excavation construction management method based on BIM, construction risks and difficulties are predicted through construction road design deduction and construction progress deduction, site construction is guided, and construction safety and efficiency are improved; the data of the construction site is accurately obtained in real time through the unmanned aerial vehicle three-dimensional oblique photography technology, so that foundation pit problems are timely found and processed, and the effect of acceptance detection is improved; the BIM technology integrates various information of foundation pit engineering on a platform, so that information sharing and coordination of all parties such as design, construction, acceptance and the like are realized, communication efficiency is enhanced, and project management level is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of foundation pit excavation, and particularly relates to a foundation pit excavation construction management method based on BIM.
Background
The traditional earth excavation management method mainly relies on experience and manual calculation, has the problems of information island and data dispersion, and is unfavorable for cooperation and communication among all parties. With the wide application of BIM technology in the field of constructional engineering, the earth excavation simulation management method based on BIM technology gradually becomes a research hot spot.
In the prior art, chinese patent No. 116822007A discloses a simulation management method for earthwork excavation of an oversized-diameter deep foundation pit based on BIM technology, which uses Navisworks software to simulate earthwork excavation, performs data analysis and optimization on an earthwork excavation simulation result to generate an earthwork excavation construction plan, and corrects and improves a simulated BIM model according to an actual progress and the simulation result to continuously optimize the BIM model and an excavation scheme. The method provided by the patent utilizes BIM technology to simulate foundation pit excavation, but the patent does not consider road design and drainage design in the early stage of construction, does not provide acceptance improvement method in the middle and later stages of construction, and cannot provide a full-flow foundation pit excavation construction management method.
Therefore, how to provide a specific and feasible full-flow foundation pit excavation construction management method is a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides a foundation pit excavation construction management method based on BIM, construction risk and difficulty are predicted through construction road design deduction and construction progress deduction, site construction is guided, and meanwhile, BIM technology is utilized to realize foundation pit excavation construction management of the whole process.
The invention provides a foundation pit excavation construction management method based on BIM, which comprises the following steps:
preparing a model: acquiring original terrain data, and creating an original terrain model by adopting BIM software; according to the construction drawing, building and drawing a foundation pit structure main body model by adopting BIM software;
building a foundation pit comprehensive model: the original terrain model and the foundation pit structure main body model are imported into CAD for integration, and a foundation pit comprehensive model is built;
making a foundation pit excavation construction plan: dividing the foundation pit comprehensive model into a plurality of excavation areas, and making a foundation pit excavation construction plan according to the engineering quantity and resources of each excavation area and combining time node planning, excavation sequence and resource allocation of projects;
and (3) construction road design deduction: carrying out construction road design in the foundation pit comprehensive model, importing the foundation pit comprehensive model with the construction road design into BIM software, carrying out transportation deduction of the construction road according to a foundation pit excavation construction plan, and adjusting the construction road design according to a deduction result;
and (3) designing a drainage system: designing a drainage system in the foundation pit comprehensive model to obtain a foundation pit excavation construction model;
and (3) construction progress deduction: the foundation pit excavation construction model is led into BIM software to carry out construction progress deduction, and a daily excavation plan is obtained by combining with a foundation pit excavation construction plan, so that a construction task list is formulated;
checking and accepting construction progress: carrying out data acquisition on a construction site regularly by using an unmanned aerial vehicle three-dimensional oblique photography technology, obtaining a TIN network data model by using BIM software, and carrying out evaluation and dynamic adjustment on the construction progress by combining a construction task list;
checking and accepting construction precision: outputting multi-angle images obtained by three-dimensional oblique photography of the unmanned aerial vehicle as GIS data, establishing a GIS model, comparing the GIS model with a foundation pit excavation construction model, and calculating whether deviation exists in the construction data or not so as to rectify the construction precision.
The technical scheme can realize the omnibearing visualization of foundation pit excavation engineering, avoid design errors and omission and improve design quality and efficiency; various information of foundation pit engineering is integrated on a platform through BIM technology, information sharing and coordination of all parties such as design, construction, acceptance and the like are achieved, and management level of projects is improved.
In some of these embodiments, BIM software employs Civil 3D.
In some embodiments, in the preparation of the model, the foundation pit structure main body model is created by adopting a mode of establishing a general group, and parameter settings of the general group comprise slope ratio, section size and section height difference of each general group. According to the technical scheme, parameters of the general groups are flexibly adjusted according to different shapes and sizes of foundation pits in a general group mode, and the design efficiency is improved.
In some embodiments, in the construction road design deduction step, the construction road design includes a construction passageway and an excavation passageway, the daily transportation engineering quantity is obtained according to the foundation pit excavation construction plan, and the transportation deduction of the construction passageway and the excavation passageway is performed in the Civil 3D. According to the technical scheme, the transportation deduction of the construction channel and the excavation channel is carried out through the Civil 3D software, daily transportation engineering quantity can be obtained according to a foundation pit excavation construction plan, dynamic adjustment and optimization of construction resources and working procedures are achieved, construction risks and difficulties are predicted, site construction is guided, and control and management of construction progress are improved.
In some of these embodiments, the construction gangway includes concrete haul roads outside of the foundation pit, steel and material transfer roads, sightseeing roads, and haul roads inside of the foundation pit. According to the technical scheme, through the design of different functional roads, the construction efficiency and quality are improved, and the management and coordination capacity of construction is enhanced.
In some of these embodiments, in the drainage system design step, the drainage system design includes a secondary cut-off design and a tertiary drainage design; the secondary water interception design comprises a foundation pit slope top water interception ditch design and a foundation pit slope foot water interception ditch design; the three-stage drainage design comprises a first-stage platform drainage ditch design, a second-stage platform drainage ditch design and a third-stage platform drainage ditch design of a three-stage platform in the excavation process. According to the technical scheme, the secondary intercepting ditch and the tertiary draining ditch are arranged, so that accumulated water and water seepage inside the foundation pit can be timely discharged, and the drying and stability of the foundation pit are maintained.
In some embodiments, in the construction progress deduction step, the construction progress deduction is deduced according to the principles of horizontal segmentation and longitudinal layering, and specifically includes deduction of construction roads, drainage systems and earth excavation depth of each excavation area. According to the technical scheme, construction resources and working procedures can be reasonably arranged according to different construction conditions and requirements by deducting the construction roads, drainage systems and earth excavation depth of each excavation area, so that resource waste and working procedure conflict are avoided, and configuration of the construction resources and working procedures is optimized.
In some embodiments, in the construction progress deduction step, the daily excavation plan includes a plan of daily excavation earthwork volume, excavation points, excavation control points, excavation edges, and excavation elevation. According to the technical scheme, the daily planning of the earth volume, the excavation point positions, the excavation control points, the excavation side lines and the excavation elevation is realized, and the accuracy of acceptance monitoring in the construction process is improved.
In some of these embodiments, the construction accuracy acceptance step further includes: when construction data have deviation, dynamically adjusting the construction task at the next stage, and correcting the deviation of the construction site in time; when the construction data has no deviation, under the condition that personnel and equipment meet the construction strength, the construction task of the next stage is correspondingly increased according to the sequence of the control side line, the elevation and the excavation quantity. According to the technical scheme, the construction site is timely rectified, so that the construction progress and the construction effect are dynamically controlled and managed, the smooth completion of construction is ensured, and the construction management level is improved.
In some embodiments, in the construction accuracy acceptance step, the GIS model and the foundation pit excavation construction model are compared to calculate construction data, and the construction data comprises the following steps:
comparing the designed excavation earthwork quantity in the foundation pit excavation construction model with the actual excavation earthwork quantity in the GIS model, and calculating excavation earthwork quantity deviation data;
comparing the designed excavation edge line in the foundation pit excavation construction model with the actual excavation edge line in the GIS model, and calculating excavation edge line deviation data;
and comparing the designed excavation elevation in the foundation pit excavation construction model with the actual excavation elevation in the GIS model, and calculating excavation elevation deviation data. According to the technical scheme, through the calculation of the construction data, construction resources and working procedures are reasonably adjusted according to deviation and actual conditions of the construction data, construction efficiency and construction cost are balanced, and even though deviation correction and improvement measures are adopted, optimization and management of construction efficiency are improved.
Based on the scheme, the foundation pit excavation construction management method based on BIM can realize the omnibearing visualization of foundation pit excavation engineering, avoid design errors and omission, and improve design quality and efficiency; predicting construction risk and difficulty through construction road design deduction and construction progress deduction, guiding site construction and improving construction safety and efficiency; the data of the construction site is accurately obtained in real time through the unmanned aerial vehicle three-dimensional oblique photography technology, and the problems of foundation pit deformation, settlement, deviation and the like are timely found and processed, so that the effect of acceptance detection is improved; various information of foundation pit engineering is integrated on a platform through BIM technology, information sharing and coordination of all parties such as design, construction, acceptance and the like are achieved, communication efficiency is enhanced, solution of problems and decision making are promoted, and project management level is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation on the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a BIM-based foundation pit excavation construction management method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an original terrain model obtained in the model preparation step of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a main body model of a foundation pit structure obtained in the model preparation step in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a foundation pit integrated model obtained in the step of building a foundation pit integrated model in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a diagram showing a construction road design process in the construction road design deduction step in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a design process of a drainage system in the design step of the drainage system in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a construction progress deduction process diagram in the construction progress deduction step in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a diagram of a TIN network data model obtained in the construction progress acceptance step in example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a diagram of a GIS model obtained in the construction accuracy acceptance step in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "lateral," "longitudinal," "upper," "lower," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention.
The terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first", "a second", or a third "may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature.
As shown in fig. 1, in one embodiment of the foundation pit excavation construction management method based on BIM of the present invention, the foundation pit excavation construction management method based on BIM includes the steps of: preparing a model, establishing a foundation pit comprehensive model, making a foundation pit excavation construction plan, constructing a road design deduction, designing a drainage system, constructing a construction progress deduction, checking and accepting a construction progress and checking and accepting a construction precision; wherein,
preparing a model: acquiring original terrain data, and creating an original terrain model by adopting BIM software; according to the construction drawing, building and drawing a foundation pit structure main body model by adopting BIM software;
in the step, a terrain model is created in BIM software through the original measurement point data, so that extra errors caused by processing through other software can be avoided; it will be appreciated that the terrain model may also be created in different ways, depending on the source of the data; such as a point of use data file. Basic data and a model are provided for subsequent works such as design, construction, acceptance and the like through the model preparation step, so that the accuracy and the reliability of the data are improved, the repeated acquisition and processing of the data are reduced, and the time and the cost are saved.
Building a foundation pit comprehensive model: the original terrain model and the foundation pit structure main body model are imported into CAD for integration, and a foundation pit comprehensive model is built;
in the step, the original terrain model and the foundation pit structure main body model are integrated in the foundation pit comprehensive model, so that the omnibearing visualization of the foundation pit excavation engineering is realized, the structural collision checking, construction scheme optimization, engineering quantity statistics and other works are conveniently carried out, design errors and omission are avoided, and the design quality and efficiency are improved.
Making a foundation pit excavation construction plan: dividing the foundation pit comprehensive model into a plurality of excavation areas, and making a foundation pit excavation construction plan according to the engineering quantity and resources of each excavation area and combining time node planning, excavation sequence and resource allocation of projects;
in the step, construction resources and working procedures are scientifically and reasonably arranged according to the divided excavation areas, the construction process is guided, and the construction safety and efficiency are improved.
And (3) construction road design deduction: carrying out construction road design in the foundation pit comprehensive model, importing the foundation pit comprehensive model with the construction road design into BIM software, carrying out transportation deduction of the construction road according to a foundation pit excavation construction plan, and adjusting the construction road design according to a deduction result;
in the step, the construction road is designed in the foundation pit comprehensive model, the factors such as the length, the width, the gradient and the turning radius of the construction road are considered, the smoothness and the safety of the construction road are ensured, the occupied area and the influence of the construction road are reduced, and the utilization rate and the effect of the construction road are improved.
And (3) designing a drainage system: designing a drainage system in the foundation pit comprehensive model to obtain a foundation pit excavation construction model;
in the step, the design of the drainage system is carried out in the foundation pit comprehensive model, and the factors such as the position, scale, form, function and the like of the drainage system are considered, so that the effectiveness and stability of the drainage system are ensured, the water accumulation and water seepage of the foundation pit are prevented, and the stability and safety of the foundation pit are improved.
And (3) construction progress deduction: the foundation pit excavation construction model is led into BIM software to carry out construction progress deduction, and a daily excavation plan is obtained by combining with a foundation pit excavation construction plan, so that a construction task list is formulated;
in the step, a daily excavation plan is obtained according to the foundation pit excavation construction plan, a construction task list is formulated, dynamic control and management of construction progress are achieved, and construction efficiency and quality are improved.
Checking and accepting construction progress: carrying out data acquisition on a construction site regularly by using an unmanned aerial vehicle three-dimensional oblique photography technology, obtaining a TIN network data model by using BIM software, and carrying out evaluation and dynamic adjustment on the construction progress by combining a construction task list;
in the step, the data of the construction site are accurately obtained in real time through the unmanned aerial vehicle three-dimensional oblique photography technology, the deviation and the problem of the construction progress are timely found and processed, and the acceptance effect of the construction progress is improved.
Checking and accepting construction precision: outputting multi-angle images obtained by three-dimensional oblique photography of the unmanned aerial vehicle as GIS data, establishing a GIS model, comparing the GIS model with a foundation pit excavation construction model, and calculating whether deviation exists in the construction data so as to correct the construction precision;
in the step, the construction precision is corrected by calculation and comparison of the construction data, so that the construction precision is efficiently detected and ensured, and the construction quality and satisfaction degree are improved.
In the above-mentioned exemplary embodiment, the foundation pit excavation construction management method based on BIM can realize the omnibearing visualization of the foundation pit excavation engineering, avoid design errors and omission, and improve design quality and efficiency; predicting construction risk and difficulty through construction road design deduction and construction progress deduction, guiding site construction and improving construction safety and efficiency; the data of the construction site is accurately obtained in real time through the unmanned aerial vehicle three-dimensional oblique photography technology, and the problems of foundation pit deformation, settlement, deviation and the like are timely found and processed, so that the effect of acceptance detection is improved; various information of foundation pit engineering is integrated on a platform through BIM technology, information sharing and coordination of all parties such as design, construction, acceptance and the like are achieved, communication efficiency is enhanced, solution of problems and decision making are promoted, and project management level is improved.
In the step of making a foundation pit excavation construction plan, the engineering quantity of each excavation region is determined according to the volume of the structural block of each excavation region.
In some embodiments, BIM software employs Civil 3D. It will be appreciated that other BIM software capable of implementing the BIM-based foundation pit excavation construction management method of the present invention may be employed.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, in the step of preparing the model, the main body model of the foundation pit structure is created by establishing a general group, and the parameter settings of the general group include the slope ratio, the section size and the section height difference of each general group. Through the mode of the general group, parameters of the general group can be flexibly adjusted according to different shapes and sizes of foundation pits, rapid modification and updating of the model are realized, and design efficiency is improved.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, in the construction road design deduction step, the construction road design includes a construction passageway and an excavation passageway, the daily transportation engineering quantity is obtained according to the foundation pit excavation construction plan, and the transportation deduction of the construction passageway and the excavation passageway is performed in Civil 3D. The transportation deduction of the construction pavement and the excavation pavement is carried out through the Civil 3D software, the running condition of different construction vehicles on the construction pavement can be simulated, the factors such as the length, the width, the gradient and the turning radius of the construction pavement are considered, the smoothness and the safety of the construction pavement are ensured, and the occupation area and the influence of the construction pavement are reduced; the construction channel and the transportation deduction of the excavation channel are carried out through the Civil 3D software, daily transportation engineering quantity can be obtained according to a foundation pit excavation construction plan, dynamic adjustment and optimization of construction resources and working procedures are achieved, construction risks and difficulties are predicted, site construction is guided, and control and management of construction progress are improved.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the construction pavement comprises a concrete transportation road outside the foundation pit, a steel bar and material transfer road, a sightseeing road, and a transportation road inside the foundation pit. By arranging the concrete transportation road, the steel bars and the material transfer road outside the foundation pit, the timely supply of concrete, steel bars and other materials required by construction can be ensured, construction interruption and delay are reduced, and construction efficiency and quality are improved; by setting the sightseeing road, construction supervision, patrolling and sightseeing of owners and related departments can be facilitated, the transparency and supervision of construction are enhanced, and the management and coordination capacity of construction is improved.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, in the drainage system design step, the drainage system design includes a secondary cut-off design and a tertiary drainage design; the secondary water interception design comprises a foundation pit slope top water interception ditch design and a foundation pit slope foot water interception ditch design; the three-stage drainage design comprises a first-stage platform drainage ditch design, a second-stage platform drainage ditch design and a third-stage platform drainage ditch design of a three-stage platform in the excavation process. Through setting up second grade intercepting ditch and tertiary escape canal, can get rid of ponding and infiltration inside the foundation ditch in time, keep the drying and the stability of foundation ditch, avoid the emergence of accidents such as landslide, collapse, gushing water of foundation ditch, improve the security and the efficiency of foundation ditch excavation.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, in the construction progress deduction step, the construction progress deduction is performed according to the principles of horizontal segmentation and longitudinal layering, and specifically includes deduction of a construction road, a drainage system and an earthwork excavation depth of each excavation region. By deducting the construction road, the drainage system and the earthwork excavation depth of each excavation area, construction resources and working procedures can be reasonably arranged according to different construction conditions and requirements, resource waste and working procedure conflict are avoided, and configuration of the construction resources and working procedures is optimized; by deducting the construction progress, risks and difficulties possibly occurring in the construction process, such as stability of earth excavation, effectiveness of a drainage system, safety of a construction road and the like, can be found and analyzed in advance, corresponding countermeasure measures and plans are formulated, construction risks and difficulties are predicted and coped, and visualization and controllability of the construction progress are achieved.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, in the construction progress deduction step, the daily excavation plan includes a plan of daily excavation earthwork volume, excavation points, excavation control points, excavation edges, and excavation elevation. Through the plan to daily excavation earth volume, excavation point position, excavation control point, excavation sideline, excavation elevation, help improving the accuracy of acceptance monitoring in the work progress.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the construction accuracy acceptance step further includes: when construction data have deviation, dynamically adjusting the construction task at the next stage, and correcting the deviation of the construction site in time; when the construction data has no deviation, under the condition that personnel and equipment meet the construction strength, the construction task of the next stage is correspondingly increased according to the sequence of the control side line, the elevation and the excavation quantity. By monitoring and analyzing construction data in real time, the deviation and the problem of construction precision are found and processed in time, and construction errors and defects are avoided; by timely rectifying the construction site, the dynamic control and management of the construction progress and effect are realized, the smooth completion of construction is ensured, and the level of construction management is improved.
Further, if personnel and equipment cannot meet the construction strength, the investment of personnel and equipment is increased to meet the construction progress; meanwhile, according to the actual progress, the earth excavation construction scheme is further optimized.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, in the construction accuracy acceptance step, the GIS model and the foundation pit excavation construction model are compared to calculate construction data, and the method includes the following steps:
comparing the designed excavation earthwork quantity in the foundation pit excavation construction model with the actual excavation earthwork quantity in the GIS model, and calculating excavation earthwork quantity deviation data;
comparing the designed excavation edge line in the foundation pit excavation construction model with the actual excavation edge line in the GIS model, and calculating excavation edge line deviation data;
and comparing the designed excavation elevation in the foundation pit excavation construction model with the actual excavation elevation in the GIS model, and calculating excavation elevation deviation data.
By calculating the construction data, construction resources and working procedures are reasonably adjusted according to deviation and actual conditions of the construction data, construction efficiency and construction cost are balanced, and optimization and management of construction efficiency are improved even if deviation correction and improvement measures are adopted.
Example 1: foundation pit excavation construction in the aviation armature button project:
as shown in fig. 1, the method for managing excavation construction of a foundation pit in the air armature button project of the embodiment includes the following steps:
preparing a model: the unmanned aerial vehicle measures and acquires original terrain data, the original terrain data is exported to be in a txt format or a csv format, and is imported into a Civil 3D, as shown in FIG. 2, and the Civil 3D is adopted to create an original terrain model; according to the construction drawing, as shown in fig. 3, a general group is established by adopting Civil 3D, parameters such as slope ratio, section size, section height difference and the like of the general group are set, a main body model for drawing the foundation pit structure is created, and meanwhile, the construction drawing is checked.
Building a foundation pit comprehensive model: and (4) introducing the original terrain model and the foundation pit structure main body model into CAD for integration, and establishing a foundation pit comprehensive model by utilizing CAD 3D as shown in FIG. 4.
Making a foundation pit excavation construction plan: dividing the foundation pit comprehensive model into a plurality of excavation areas, and making a foundation pit excavation construction plan according to the engineering quantity and resources of each excavation area and combining time node planning, excavation sequence and resource allocation of projects; and the engineering quantity of each excavation area is determined according to the volume of the structural block of each excavation area, and when a foundation pit excavation construction plan is formulated, the engineering quantity of each excavation area is led out, and the Project software is utilized to form the foundation pit excavation construction plan.
And (3) construction road design deduction: as shown in fig. 5, performing construction road design in the foundation pit comprehensive model, introducing the foundation pit comprehensive model with the construction road design into Civil 3D, performing transportation deduction of the construction road according to a foundation pit excavation construction plan, and adjusting the construction road design according to a deduction result; the construction road design is carried out by utilizing CAD 3D, the construction road design comprises a construction channel and an excavation channel, daily transportation engineering quantity is obtained according to a foundation pit excavation construction plan, a foundation pit comprehensive model for completing the construction road design is imported into Civil 3D, transportation deduction of the construction road is carried out according to the foundation pit excavation construction plan, and the construction road design is adjusted according to a deduction result;
in the embodiment, the construction road design selects a flat river bed as a road intersection according to the principle of avoiding over-digging and loop formation, and builds a vehicle meeting platform; the construction channel comprises a concrete transportation channel built on the upstream of the foundation pit, a reinforcing steel bar built on the downstream of the foundation pit, a material transportation channel, a friction observing channel built on the downstream cofferdam position of the foundation pit and an annular road in the foundation pit; the design of the excavation channel is flexibly designed according to the construction plan of the excavation region in the transportation deduction process, and the excavation channel of each excavation region is excavated or filled up and eliminated according to the construction requirement in the construction process of the region. The construction passageway in this embodiment is designed to be 7 m trunk road, and the excavation passageway is designed to be 4 m branch road.
And (3) designing a drainage system: as shown in fig. 6, a drainage system design is carried out in a foundation pit comprehensive model to obtain a foundation pit excavation construction model; in the embodiment, a drainage system design is carried out in a foundation pit comprehensive model by utilizing CAD 3D, wherein the drainage system design comprises a secondary water interception design and a tertiary drainage design; the secondary water interception design comprises a foundation pit slope top water interception ditch design and a foundation pit slope foot water interception ditch design; the three-stage drainage design comprises a first-stage platform drainage ditch design, a second-stage platform drainage ditch design and a third-stage platform drainage ditch design of a three-stage platform in the excavation process.
In this embodiment, set up the intercepting ditch that is less than the bottom surface elevation in the slope toe position of impermeable layer according to topography model information, guarantee the dry land operation of excavation region, upwards drain step by step again until discharging to the cofferdam outside, when the riverbed exposes, the machinery can get into the riverbed operation, the foundation ditch bottom reservation ponding well, outside the foundation ditch is discharged through tertiary drainage with ponding in the ponding well along with the work progress.
And (3) construction progress deduction: as shown in fig. 7, the foundation pit excavation construction model is led into the Civil 3D to carry out construction progress deduction, and a daily excavation plan is obtained by combining with the foundation pit excavation construction plan, so as to formulate a construction task sheet; the daily excavation plan comprises a plan of daily excavation earthwork volume, excavation points, excavation control points, excavation side lines and excavation elevations; the foundation pit excavation construction model already contains information such as a foundation pit structure main body, a construction road, a drainage system, an excavation engineering quantity and the like, and the integral foundation pit excavation construction progress deduction can be carried out; according to a foundation pit excavation construction plan formed by Project software, setting engineering quantity nodes in Civil 3D to carry out foundation pit excavation construction progress deduction, wherein the construction progress deduction carries out deduction according to the principles of transverse segmentation and longitudinal layering, and specifically comprises deduction of construction roads, drainage systems and earthwork excavation depth of each excavation area.
In this embodiment, according to the principles of horizontal segmentation and longitudinal layering, the excavation process should be gradually pushed to the center by the upstream cofferdam and the downstream cofferdam, and finally the excavation of ship locks, sluice gates and foundation pits of power station plants is completed, and the construction progress deduction process is as follows:
the first stage (the elevation of the original ground is 12.0 m), excavating the part above the water surface of the river center island before the cofferdam is closed, excavating the cofferdam towards the center direction of the foundation pit by the upstream cofferdam and the downstream cofferdam after the cofferdam is closed, simultaneously building a construction channel and an excavated channel, building a water intercepting ditch and a drainage ditch, collecting drainage into a water accumulating well, and discharging accumulated water;
the second stage (12.0 m elevation to 7.8m elevation), constructing the foundation pit from the upstream cofferdam and the downstream cofferdam by utilizing the construction passageway, synchronously excavating the ship lock and the drain lock, simultaneously continuously constructing the construction passageway, excavating the passageway, intercepting the water ditch and draining the water ditch, and arranging a turning platform at the intersection; when the cofferdam is excavated, a temporary water collecting pit is arranged at a low-lying position of a river bed, accumulated water of a river bed covering layer is collected, and the submerged pump is utilized to discharge the cofferdam;
the third stage (7.8 m elevation is 0.8m elevation), sequentially excavating the earthwork of a water discharge gate section, the earthwork of an upper gate head, the earthwork of a lower gate head and the earthwork of a power station factory building, synchronously building an excavation temporary road on the basis of an upper layer construction temporary road to connect all working surfaces, building a drainage ditch, selecting a low-lying part of a river bed to set a temporary water collecting pit during excavation, collecting accumulated water of a river bed covering layer, and discharging the accumulated water out of the cofferdam by using a submersible pump;
a fourth stage (0.8 m elevation to-7.5 m elevation) of sequentially excavating the earthwork of a water discharge gate section, the earthwork of an upper gate head and the earthwork of a lower gate head, synchronously building a construction temporary channel connected with a gate chamber section on the basis of a construction road in the third stage, reserving a stage of construction temporary channel in a lower gate head area, building a drainage ditch, collecting water into a temporary water collecting pit, and draining accumulated water out of a foundation pit;
and in a fifth stage (-7.5 m elevation to-13 m elevation), constructing a excavation temporary gateway connecting gate chamber section on a reserved road foundation in a lower gate head area, utilizing a construction road to excavate in a layered manner, setting a water diversion trench after a construction base surface is formed, collecting the water diversion trench into a temporary water collecting pit, discharging the water into an upper drainage trench through a small water pump, constructing and monitoring the geological condition of a foundation pit, arranging different monitoring points to realize the horizontal top of a side slope, the vertical displacement monitoring, the deep lateral displacement monitoring of a soil body around the foundation pit and the vertical displacement monitoring of the surface of the soil body around the foundation pit in order to timely master the stability of the foundation pit enclosure structure under different construction working conditions, stages and construction time, and comprehensively analyzing the stability of an excavation slope so as to monitor and control the whole process of foundation pit construction to ensure the engineering construction safety and construction quality.
Checking and accepting construction progress: carrying out data acquisition on a construction site regularly by using an unmanned aerial vehicle three-dimensional oblique photography technology, obtaining a TIN network data model by adopting Civil 3D, and carrying out evaluation and dynamic adjustment on the construction progress by combining a construction task list;
in this embodiment, an unmanned aerial vehicle three-dimensional oblique photography technology is adopted to perform daily data acquisition on a construction site, the ground after excavation is rapidly measured, the unmanned aerial vehicle is connected by a cloud, the measured data form point cloud data, as shown in fig. 8, a TIN network data model is formed through Civil 3D, the excavation elevation reflected according to the TIN network data model is compared with the excavation elevation of a foundation pit excavation construction plan, and the construction progress is dynamically adjusted.
Checking and accepting construction precision: outputting multi-angle images obtained by three-dimensional oblique photography of the unmanned aerial vehicle as GIS data, establishing a GIS model, comparing the GIS model with a foundation pit excavation construction model, and calculating whether deviation exists in the construction data so as to rectify the construction precision, as shown in fig. 9; when construction data have deviation, dynamically adjusting the construction task at the next stage, and correcting the deviation of the construction site in time; when the construction data has no deviation, under the condition that personnel and equipment meet the construction strength, correspondingly increasing the construction task of the next stage according to the sequence of controlling the side line, the elevation and the excavation quantity; if the personnel and equipment cannot meet the construction strength, the investment of the personnel and equipment is increased to meet the construction progress; meanwhile, according to the actual progress, the earth excavation construction scheme is further optimized; the GIS model and the foundation pit excavation construction model are compared to calculate construction data, and the method comprises the following steps:
comparing the designed excavation earthwork quantity in the foundation pit excavation construction model with the actual excavation earthwork quantity in the GIS model, and calculating excavation earthwork quantity deviation data;
comparing the designed excavation edge line in the foundation pit excavation construction model with the actual excavation edge line in the GIS model, and calculating excavation edge line deviation data;
and comparing the designed excavation elevation in the foundation pit excavation construction model with the actual excavation elevation in the GIS model, and calculating excavation elevation deviation data.
In the above embodiment, the steps of performing construction progress acceptance and construction accuracy acceptance by using the unmanned aerial vehicle three-dimensional photography technology include:
(1) And determining the data acquisition range and the route planning of the unmanned aerial vehicle, comprehensively considering factors such as flight control distance, battery consumption, topography, building distribution, measurement accuracy and the like, and performing route planning and parameter setting by using ground station software.
(2) The unmanned aerial vehicle aerial photography field image control points are generally distributed according to regional networks, the distribution positions of the image control points are uniformly distributed in the range of a measuring area, the interval between adjacent image control points is controlled to be 150m, the image control points of the border of the measuring area are required to be kept at 10-20 meters with the border of the measuring area, and the size of the regional networks and the span of the image control points are required to meet the requirement of the in-industry aerial triangulation precision;
(3) The unmanned aerial vehicle performs aerial flight measurement, a double-frequency GNSS receiver is adopted for photo control measurement, the photo control measurement is performed based on a GPS-RTK technology, calibration is performed on a known control point before operation, and an average value of three readings is taken as a final result during operation; the acquired data comprise multi-angle image information of each shooting point and corresponding pos data;
(4) The original pos data contains information which is not needed by post-processing, and the format also does not meet the use requirement of post-processing software, and the original pos data cannot be directly used for post-data processing work; after screening and classifying the original pos data, the pos data is used for post-processing software;
(5) In the aerial survey process, the accuracy of the corresponding gestures of the photo groups may be affected, so that image information is lost, and when Smart3 DCapure is subjected to three-dimensional reconstruction, each photo group is required to have very accurate attributes and corresponding gesture parameters, and at the moment, the image positioning information can be strictly registered through aerial triangulation calculation, so that the lost image information is obtained;
(6) And (3) completing three-dimensional reconstruction calculation under a specified coordinate system, reconstructing a frame according to the performance of a computer, adjusting the reconstruction range and the tile size, dividing the original frame into a plurality of data blocks with the same size, and performing reconstruction calculation in blocks to obtain a data model of a construction site.
By way of illustration of various embodiments of the BIM-based foundation pit excavation construction management method of the present invention, it can be seen that the BIM-based foundation pit excavation construction management method embodiments of the present invention have at least one or more of the following advantages:
1. according to the foundation pit excavation construction management method based on BIM, construction risks and difficulties are predicted through construction road design deduction and construction progress deduction, site construction is guided, and construction safety and efficiency are improved;
2. according to the foundation pit excavation construction management method based on BIM, the data of a construction site are accurately obtained in real time through the unmanned aerial vehicle three-dimensional oblique photography technology, the problems of foundation pit deformation, settlement, deviation and the like are timely found and processed, and the effect of acceptance detection is improved;
3. according to the foundation pit excavation construction management method based on BIM, various information of foundation pit engineering is integrated on one platform through BIM technology, information sharing and coordination of all parties such as design, construction, acceptance and the like are achieved, communication efficiency is enhanced, solution of problems and decision making are promoted, and management level of projects is improved.
Finally, it should be noted that: in the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same; while the invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that: modifications may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention or equivalents may be substituted for part of the technical features thereof; without departing from the spirit of the invention, it is intended to cover the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. The foundation pit excavation construction management method based on BIM is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
preparing a model: acquiring original terrain data, and creating an original terrain model by adopting BIM software; according to the construction drawing, building and drawing a foundation pit structure main body model by adopting BIM software;
building a foundation pit comprehensive model: the original terrain model and the foundation pit structure main body model are imported into CAD for integration, and a foundation pit comprehensive model is built;
making a foundation pit excavation construction plan: dividing the foundation pit comprehensive model into a plurality of excavation areas, and making a foundation pit excavation construction plan according to the engineering quantity and resources of each excavation area and combining time node planning, excavation sequence and resource allocation of projects;
and (3) construction road design deduction: carrying out construction road design in the foundation pit comprehensive model, importing the foundation pit comprehensive model with the construction road design into BIM software, carrying out transportation deduction of the construction road according to a foundation pit excavation construction plan, and adjusting the construction road design according to a deduction result;
and (3) designing a drainage system: designing a drainage system in the foundation pit comprehensive model to obtain a foundation pit excavation construction model;
and (3) construction progress deduction: the foundation pit excavation construction model is led into BIM software to carry out construction progress deduction, and a daily excavation plan is obtained by combining with a foundation pit excavation construction plan, so that a construction task list is formulated;
checking and accepting construction progress: carrying out data acquisition on a construction site regularly by using an unmanned aerial vehicle three-dimensional oblique photography technology, obtaining a TIN network data model by using BIM software, and carrying out evaluation and dynamic adjustment on the construction progress by combining a construction task list;
checking and accepting construction precision: outputting multi-angle images obtained by three-dimensional oblique photography of the unmanned aerial vehicle as GIS data, establishing a GIS model, comparing the GIS model with a foundation pit excavation construction model, and calculating whether deviation exists in the construction data or not so as to rectify the construction precision.
2. The BIM-based foundation pit excavation construction management method of claim 1, wherein BIM software adopts Civil 3D.
3. The method for managing excavation construction of a foundation pit based on BIM according to claim 2, wherein in the preparation of the model, the main body model of the foundation pit structure is created by creating a general group, and the parameter setting of the general group includes a slope ratio, a section size, and a section height difference of each general group.
4. The BIM-based foundation pit excavation construction management method according to claim 2, wherein in the construction road design deduction step, the construction road design includes a construction passageway and an excavation passageway, the daily transportation engineering amount is obtained according to the foundation pit excavation construction plan, and the transportation deduction of the construction passageway and the excavation passageway is performed in Civil 3D.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the construction pavement comprises a concrete transportation road outside the foundation pit, a steel bar and material transportation road, a sightseeing road, and a transportation road inside the foundation pit.
6. The foundation pit excavation construction management method based on BIM according to claim 1, wherein in the drainage system design step, the drainage system design includes a secondary cut-off design and a tertiary drainage design; the secondary water interception design comprises a foundation pit slope top water interception ditch design and a foundation pit slope foot water interception ditch design; the three-stage drainage design comprises a first-stage platform drainage ditch design, a second-stage platform drainage ditch design and a third-stage platform drainage ditch design of a three-stage platform in the excavation process.
7. The foundation pit excavation construction management method based on BIM according to claim 1, wherein in the construction progress deduction step, the construction progress deduction is carried out according to the principles of transverse segmentation and longitudinal layering, and specifically comprises deduction of construction roads, drainage systems and earth excavation depth of each excavation area.
8. The method according to claim 1 or 7, wherein in the construction progress deduction step, the daily excavation plan includes a plan of daily excavation earth volume, excavation points, excavation control points, excavation edges, and excavation elevation.
9. The method for managing excavation construction of a foundation pit based on BIM according to claim 8, wherein the construction accuracy acceptance step further includes: when construction data have deviation, dynamically adjusting the construction task at the next stage, and correcting the deviation of the construction site in time; when the construction data has no deviation, under the condition that personnel and equipment meet the construction strength, the construction task of the next stage is correspondingly increased according to the sequence of the control side line, the elevation and the excavation quantity.
10. The method for managing excavation construction of a foundation pit based on BIM according to claim 9, wherein in the construction accuracy acceptance step, the GIS model and the excavation construction model are compared to calculate construction data, comprising the steps of:
comparing the designed excavation earthwork quantity in the foundation pit excavation construction model with the actual excavation earthwork quantity in the GIS model, and calculating excavation earthwork quantity deviation data;
comparing the designed excavation edge line in the foundation pit excavation construction model with the actual excavation edge line in the GIS model, and calculating excavation edge line deviation data;
and comparing the designed excavation elevation in the foundation pit excavation construction model with the actual excavation elevation in the GIS model, and calculating excavation elevation deviation data.
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